The cholera toxin targets intestinal epithelial cells and not stomach cells because

Answer:

rising temperatures, droughts, shifting patterns of precipitation and longer growing seasons, plants and animals are evolving to keep pace. Biologists have observed squirrels and salmon developing at an accelerated pace, causing them to reproduce at a younger age.

The Process of Cellular Respiration

Cellular respiration is the process of extracting energy in the form of ATP from the glucose in the food you eat. How does cellular respiration happen inside of the cell? Cellular respiration is a three step process. Briefly:

In stage one, glucose is broken down in the cytoplasm of the cell in a process called glycolysis.

In stage two, the pyruvate molecules are transported into the mitochondria. The mitochondria are the organelles known as the energy "powerhouses" of the cells (Figure below). In the mitochondria, the pyruvate, which have been converted into a 2-carbon molecule, enter the Krebs cycle. Notice that mitochondria have an inner membrane with many folds, called cristae. These cristae greatly increase the membrane surface area where many of the cellular respiration reactions take place.

In stage three, the energy in the energy carriers enters an electron transport chain. During this step, this energy is used to produce ATP.

Oxygen is needed to help the process of turning glucose into ATP. The initial step releases just two molecules of ATP for each glucose. The later steps release much more ATP.

The process is of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process through which the glucose in the food you eat is converted into ATP, which is then converted into energy.

What is cellular respiration?

In the first stage, a procedure known as glycolysis breaks down glucose in the cell's cytoplasm.

The pyruvate molecules are delivered to the mitochondria in stage two. The organelles known as the cellular "powerhouses" of energy are called mitochondria

Pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria after being transformed into a 2-carbon molecule. These cristae significantly expand the area of the membrane where most cellular respiration occurs.

Therefore, The process is of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process through which the glucose in the food you eat is converted into ATP, which is then converted into energy.

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Answer:

me too

Explanation:

I don't find it as well

Answer:

Prokaryotic

Nucleus is absent

Membrane-bound nucleus absent.

One chromosome is present, but not true chromosome plastids

Unicellular

Lysosomes and Peroxisomes absent

Microtubules absent

Endoplasmic reticulum absent

Mitochondria absent

Cytoskeleton absent

Ribosomes smaller

Vesicles present

Golgi apparatus absent

Chloroplasts absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm

Submicroscopic in size Flagella is present and made up of only one fiber

Cell wall chemically complexed

Vacuoles absent

Permeability of Nuclear membrane is not present

Sexual reproduction is absent

Endocytosis and exocytosis are absent.

It may have pili and fimbriae.

Eukaryotic

Nucleus is present

Membrane-bound Nucleus is present.

More than one number of chromosomes is present.

Multicellular

Lysosomes and Peroxisomes present

Microtubules present

Endoplasmic reticulum present

Mitochondria present

Cytoskeleton present

Ribosomes larger

Vesicles present

Golgi apparatus present

Chloroplasts present in plants

Microscopic in size, membrane-bound

Cell wall is present in plants and fungi and chemically simpler

Vacuoles present

Permeability of Nuclear membrane is selective

Sexual reproduction is present

Endocytosis and exocytosis occurred

Pili and fimbriae are absent

Respiration (both aerobic and anaerobic) begins with glycolysis in the cytoplasm of a cell;

1 glucose molecule (C₆H₁₂O₆) is converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate in a 10-step process, consuming 2 ATPs and yielding 4 ATPs;

Additionally, 2 NAD+ molecules are reduced to NADH molecules;

In aerobic respiration, each pyruvate molecule then goes through the link reaction, getting converted to acetyl co-A in the mitochondrial matrix, producing 1 CO₂ molecule and 1 reduced NADH molecule;

Acetyl co-A then enter the Krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) where 2 CO₂, 1 ATP, 3 NADH (by reduction of NAD+) and 1 FADH₂ molecules are produced;

The NADH and FADH₂ molecules produced are electron carriers required for the electron transport chain (ETC);

The electron transport chain consists of 4 proteins within the inner mitochondrial membrane which are involved in the production of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation;

The first protein (C1) is responsible for oxidising NADH to NAD+, releasing energy used to generate the proton motive force (PMF) by pumping the protons (H+ ions) into the intermembrane space and the electrons released are transferred to a ubiquinone molecule;

The second protein (C2) is responsible for oxidising FADH₂ to FADH, also releasing energy used to generate the proton motive force (PMF) and, similarly to C1, the electrons released are transferred to ubiquinone;

The third protein complex (C3) transfers the electrons from ubiquinone to cytochrome C;

Finally, cytochrome C transfers these electrons to the fourth complex (C4), where they combine with free protons in the matrix and O₂ to to produce H₂0;

The PMF is then harvested via an ATP synthase protein where H+ flood back into the mitochondrial matrix, and the energy released is used to generate ATP from ADP and Pi;

ATP is now ready for use for bodily processes requiring it.

Answer:

Identify all the entities in the system. An entity should appear only once in a particular diagram. ...

Identify relationships between entities. Connect them using a line and add a diamond in the middle describing the relationship.

Add attributes for entities.

Explanation:

U find out your self

Answer:

Explanation:

The distance between the particles increases greatly, and the attractive forces between the particles decreases. an the molecules increase

Answer:

Purse seines

Explanation:

Purse seines are used in the open ocean to target dense schools of single-species pelagic (midwater) fish like tuna and mackerel. A vertical net 'curtain' is used to surround the school of fish, the bottom of which is then drawn together to enclose the fish, rather like tightening the cords of a drawstring purse.

Select cutting allows uneven aged trees as a result, it's more natural, and provides more diversity although it is more expensive

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The type of tree harvesting that increases the chances of forest renewal is Selective cutting.

Selective cutting exists as the cutting down of designated trees in a forest so that the growth of other trees exists not affected. This is done according to criteria concerning minimum tree size for harvesting, specifications of the numeral, spacing and size categories of residual trees per area, and allowable cut.

Selection cutting, also known as the selection system, stands the silvicultural practice of harvesting trees in a manner that drives a forest stand towards uneven-aged or all-aged circumstances, or 'structure'.

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Answer:

Within double-stranded DNA, the nitrogenous bases on one strand pair with complementary bases along the other strand; in particular, A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G. Then, during DNA replication, the two strands in the double helix separate.

Explanation:

The four nitrogenous bases of DNA are thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Guanine and cytosine are bound together by three hydrogen bonds; whereas, adenine and thymine are bound together by two hydrogen bonds. This is known as complementary base pairing.

Explanation:

4) option D

5) option A

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Answer:

The nutrients from the grass was the origin of the energy.

Explanation:

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

14.A  

15.c

Explanation:

Answer: Varies

Explanation:

It's based on there being many different types.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Answer:

True

Explanation:

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The correct Choice is ~ C

Lactobacillus bacteria are useful in converting milk into curd ~

Answer: (C) Lactobacilli

More frequent and intense drought, storms, heat waves, rising sea levels, melting glaciers and warming oceans can directly harm animals, destroy the places they live, and wreak havoc on people's livelihoods and communities. As climate change worsens, dangerous weather events are becoming more frequent or severe.

Answer:

Explanation:

The aquatic environment is shaped by complex interactions among a variety of physical, chemical, and biological factors. For example, physical factors such as climate, land topography, bedrock geology, and soil type influence the amount of water flowing in streams and discharging to lakes, as well as the types of materials (chemicals and particulates) found in the water. In turn, these physical and chemical factors support a community of biological organisms unique to a water environment.

The CRISPR-Cas system is a genome engineering tool to edit the genome of any species. The crRNA is a sequence complementary to the target DNA of this genome editing system.

The CRISPR-Cas genome editing system is a recently developed genome engineering tool, which can be used to edit the genome of virtually any species.

This genome editing system consists of a nuclease (Cas) protein that cuts the DNA at the targeted regions, and a single guide RNA (sgRNA), which contains a crRNA (17-20 nt) sequence complementary to the target DNA.

In consequence, the sgRNA guides to the Cas protein in order to cleave the genome at targeted nucleotide sequences.

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IV(intravenous) medication not very effective at treating infections at a burn

site because of the immunosuppression experienced as a result a systemic

inflammatory response

IV medication which contains antibiotics is given intravenously to burn

patients and it helps to prevent infections of of the body.

The IV medication won't perform at optimal level as a result of the immune

system being weak due to the systemic inflammatory response which is why

it isn't very effective.

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Answer: Cell division or mitosis is a nuclear cell division that results to two daughter cells having the same genetic code as the parent cell. The division starts at the nucleus. The chromosomes divide into two and a spindle is formed at middle of the cell. The spindle shortens and breaks resulting to two daughter cells.

Explanation:

Given our understanding of neuroanatomy, we can confirm that the left cerebral hemisphere controls the muscles on the right side of the body and vice versa due to the motor decussate of the cortical spinal pathway.

A decussate in regards to the nervous system is described as when the nerve fibers cross from one side of the central nervous system to the other. The decussate in question corresponds to the cortical spinal motor decussate.

The cortical spinal pathway is the nerve pathway that is in charge of muscular control and therefore is the pathway that is responsible for the phenomenon described in the question.

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Normally, more than 99% of the sodium filtered at the glomerulus is returned to the blood. Most of this sodium is reabsorbed at the proximal tubule.

Therefore, we can conclude that the sodium filtered at the glomerulus is returned to the blood. Most of this sodium is reabsorbed at the proximal tubule.

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Answer:

a

Explanation:

Answer:

Peat

Explanation:

Took the quiz

Answer:

Most ozone (about 90%) is found in the stratosphere, which begins about 10–15 kilometers (km) above Earth's surface and extends up to about 50 km altitude. The stratospheric region with the highest concentration of ozone, between about 15 and 35 km altitude, is commonly known as the “ozone layer”

The Desert Bighorn has the heaviest and largest horns out of the options.

I hope this helps!

Answer:

the answer is sound energy

Explanation:

Facilitated diffusion, like passive diffusion, involves the movement of molecules in the direction determined by their relative concentrations inside and outside of the cell. ... They then undergo conformational changes that allow the molecule to pass through the membrane and be released on the other side.

Passive transport is a way that small molecules or ions move across the cell membrane without input of energy by the cell. The three main kinds of passive transport are diffusion (or simple diffusion), osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

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Answer:

the nuclear envelope sentence goes to PROPHASE

The chromosomea align in sentence goes to METAPHASE