The 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was shared by Paul Crutzen, F. Sherwood Rowland, and Mario Molina for their work concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone in the stratosphere. Rowland and Molina hypothesized that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the stratosphere break down upon exposure to UV radiation, producing chlorine atoms. Chlorine was previously identified as a catalyst in the breakdown of ozone into oxygen gas. Using the enthalpy of reaction for two reactions with ozone, determine the enthalpy of reaction for the reaction of chlorine with ozone.

ClO(g)+O3(g)â¶Cl(g)+2O2(g) ÎHârxn=â122.8 kJ
2O3(g)â¶3O2(g) ÎHârxn=â285.3 kJ
O3(g)+Cl(g)â¶ClO(g)+O2(g) ÎHârxn= ?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

ΔH = -162.5 kJ.

Explanation:

Hello.

In this case, we first rearrange the reactions:

ClO(g) + O₃(g) ⇒ Cl(g) + 2O₂(g);  ΔH =-122.8 kJ

2O₃(g) ⇒ 3O₂(g);  ΔH=-285.3 kJ

O₃(g) + Cl(g) ⇒ ClO(g) + O₂(g);  ΔH= ?

Thus, we are going to use the Hess law, as an strategy to rearrange the known chemical reactions and thereby compute the enthalpy of reaction of the unknown one.

1. The first reaction must be inverted in order to obtain chlorine as a reactant in the third one, therefore, the enthalpy of reaction becomes positive:

Cl(g) + 2O₂(g) ⇒ ClO(g) + O₃(g);   ΔH = 122.8 kJ

2. Second reaction remains the same:

2O₃(g) ⇒ 3O₂(g);  ΔH=-285.3 kJ

Then, we add them to obtain:

Cl(g) + 2O₂(g) + 2O₃(g) ⇒ ClO(g) + O₃(g) + 3O₂(g)

Whereas we can subtract both oxygen and ozone to obtain the third one:

O₃(g) + Cl(g) ⇒ ClO(g) + O₂(g)

Therefore, the enthalpy of reaction turns out:

ΔH = 122.8 kJ + (-285.3 kJ )

ΔH = -162.5 kJ.

Best regards.


Related Questions

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a. Mesosaurus
b. Glossopteris
c. Glomar
d. Pangaea

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Answer:

b.

Explanation:

How many atoms are in 3.5 L of Neon at STP? Show your work

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Answer:

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this is the answer to the question

You eat a large meal and then hike up a hill. What kind of energy transformation is your body performing?

Group of answer choices

Chemical energy to kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy

Chemical energy to kinetic energy and nuclear energy

Kinetic energy to chemical energy and light energy

Gravitational potential energy to sound energy and nuclear energy

Answers

Answer:

Chemical energy to kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy

Explanation:

The kinetic and potential energy is collectively known as the mechanical energy. When you eat a large meal and then hike up a hill the energy change taking place is Chemical energy to kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy. The correct option is A.

What is energy?

The physical quantity which is transferred from one object to another to perform work or to heat the object is defined as the energy. The SI unit of energy is Joule and it is a derived unit.

The energy possessed by a moving body due to its motion is defined as the kinetic energy. The energy stored by an object due to its position is called the potential energy.

When we eat food, our body uses the chemical energy of food and during climbing, the body gets moved so the kinetic energy gets converted into gravitational potential energy.

Thus the correct option is A.

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what are the mitigating measures for flood,earthquake and fire?​

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Answer:Securing heavy objects to walls and floors, such as shelves, bookcases, cabinets, and water heaters.

Explanation:

Please be fast! I will mark brainliest!

H2O + C16H17NaO14 = CO2 + 8H20 + C2H3NaO3 Since there are 19 Hydrogen on the Reactants side, due to Law of Conservation of Mass, there must be ___Hydrogen on the Product side.

A. 0
B. 2
C. 8
D. 19

Answers

Answer: 8

Explanation:

Which of the following is true of a compound but not a mixture? (1) A compound contains more than one element.
(2) All the nuclei in a compound contain the same number of protons.
(3) A compound may be heterogeneous.
(4) The composition of a compound does not vary

Answers

The composition of a compound does not vary because it is made up of fix ratio by mass.

What is compound?

A compound is a chemical substance that is composed of more than one element that held together by chemical bonds and produces fix ratio by mass so we can conclude that the composition of a compound does not vary because it is made up of fix ratio by mass.

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Calculate the wavelengths (in Å) for the first six Balmer lines (Ha, Hb, Hg, Hd, He, and Hz)

Answers

Explanation:

Transition of n 3→2 6→2

Name -H-α / Ba-α- H-δ- / Ba-δ

Wavelength (nm, air) -656.279 -410.1734

Energy difference (eV)- 1.89 -3.03

Color- Red -Violet

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Think of a substance that does not dissolve in water. Explain what happens when this substance is added to water.

Answers

An example would be oil. Oil is considered to be hydrophobic (which translates to "fear of water" so it is repelled by water). It floats on the top of water, which is why oil spills result in black blobs that float on the surface of the ocean rather than mix underneath the surface.

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Answers

if your trying to find the element then the element is Nickel.

Calcium and water are the reactants in this chemical reaction. The products are calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Which statement correctly describes the total mass of the products when the reaction is complete?

Answers

Explanation:

Using the Law of Conservation of mass,the mass of the reactants should be equal to the mass of the products after the reaction.

Is there a relationship between low-income neighborhoods and obesity? What do you think are some of the reasons?

Answers

Answer:

cheaper foods are usually more processed and unhealthy, therefore, poorer people are likelier to be obese.

Explanation:

what is the force needed to accelerate a sled with a mass of 2 kg at a rate of 3.0/s²

A. 6.0N

B. 3.0N

C. 1.5N

D. 3.0N




(help asap please I will give brainliest to the correct answer )​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is option A

Explanation:

The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula

Force = mass × acceleration

From the question

mass = 2 kg

acceleration = 3 m/s²

We have

Force = 2 × 3

We have the final answer as

6.0 N

Hope this helps you

A photon has a wavelength of 220 nm. How much energy does the
photon have?

Answers

Answer:

The energy of a photon with a wavelength of 350 nm is 5.7×10−19 J .12‏/05‏/2

Explanation:

What is neutron?
What is Atom?

Answers

Answer:

A neutron is a subatomic particle with no charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Explanation:

hope this helps!! p.s. i really need brainliest :)

Answer:

See below.

Explanation:

Neutron is a subatomic particle which has a neutral charge and forms the nucleus of the atom.

Atom is the smallest unit of matter which composes solids, liquids, gases, and plasma.

Which of these characteristics differentiate electrons from protons and neutrons

Answers

Electrons are not in a fixed position — they float around the outside of the nucleus in a cloud. In contrast, the protons and neutrons are found inside the nucleus. Electrons are also much smaller than both protons and neutrons.

What type of energy is transferred during heating?
A. Thermal
B. Temperate
C. Convective
D. Conductive
Thank u for helping !:)

Answers

thermal energy is transfers

Answer:

A.) Thermal

Explanation:

I got it correct on founders edtell

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Answers

Answer:

if organ systems failed to work together then the body will not function properly and we should not able to do a simple work and suffer from many others diseases.

Is the organ system do not work together, then homeostasis is not being maintained. If homeostasis is not maintained, the cells of the body will not work properly. As an result the body will not work product

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Answers

Answer:

The missing force is the 17 newton

Explanation:

The synthesis of carbohydrates can be particularly difficult because of the large number of chiral centers and OH functional groups present.
a. True
b. False

Answers

True The synthesis of carbohydrates can be particularly difficult because of the large number of chiral centers and OH functional groups present.
a. True
b. False

Stoichiometry: mole/ mole help

Answers

Answer:

0.531 moles of CO₂ are formed.

Explanation:

Given data:

Number of moles of CO = 0.531 mol

Number of moles of CO₂ formed = ?

Amount of oxygen = excess

Solution:

Chemical equation:

2CO + O₂    →    2CO₂

Now we will compare the moles of CO with CO₂.

              CO            :            CO₂

                2             :              2

              0.531        :          0.531

Thus, 0.531 moles of CO₂ are formed.

Which action will decrease the gravitational force between two objects?
A. Adding mass to one of the objects
B. Increasing the charge on one of the objects
C. Reducing the masses of the objects
D. Moving the objects closer together

Answers

Answer: C

Explanation:

The force of gravity is proportional to the amount of mass in the system, and is inversely proportional to the separation distance between the two masses.

Adding mass to one of the objects would increase the gravitational field it produces, which in return increases the force of gravity.

Increasing the charge of one of the objects would technically add mass to the system, but it can be considered negligible. The adding of charge would cause an attraction between the two objects, but that is not the gravitational force. It is the Coulomb force.

Reducing the mass of one of the objects would decrease the gravitational field it produces, which would cause the force of gravity to decrease. This is the answer.

Moving the objects closer would cause the denominator of the force equation to decrease. A smaller denominator would cause the equality to increase, aka the gravitational force.

[tex]F=GMm/r^2[/tex]

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Answers

Answer:

"Critical thinking is the analysis of available facts, evidence, observations, and arguments to form a judgment. The subject is complex; several different definitions exist, which generally include the rational, skeptical, and unbiased analysis or evaluation of factual evidence. Critical thinking is self-directed, self-disciplined, self-monitored, and self-corrective thinking. It presupposes assent to rigorous standards of excellence and mindful command of their use. It entails effective communication and problem-solving abilities as well as a commitment to overcome native egocentrism and sociocentrism." - Searched it up on Wiki, so at least I stated this-.

I hope this helps..?

Answer:

Critical thinking in the area of chemistry requires students to not just think about the concepts and principles of but also how they can be applied to other areas. Critical thinking creates an area of overlapping or related information to the nature of a certain function.

Explanation:

its simple plus hope this helps

Gold can undergo transmutation. Which equation could correctly describe this radioactive decay?

Superscript 185 Subscript 79 Baseline Upper A u right arrow Superscript 181 Subscript 77 Baseline Upper Re + Superscript 4 Subscript 2 Baseline Upper H e

Superscript 185 Subscript 79 Baseline Upper A u right arrow Superscript 181 Subscript 77 Baseline Upper I r + Superscript 4 Subscript 2 Baseline Upper H e

Superscript 185 Subscript 79 Baseline Upper A u right arrow Superscript 181 Subscript 77 Baseline Upper I r + Superscript 0 Subscript negative 1 Baseline e

Superscript 185 Subscript 79 Baseline Upper A u right arrow Superscript 181 Subscript 77 Baseline Upper I r + Superscript 0 Subscript positive 1 Baseline e

um B is the answer on the unit test

Answers

Answer:

Superscript 185 Subscript 79 Baseline Upper A u right arrow Superscript 181 Subscript 77 Baseline Upper I r + Superscript 0 Subscript positive 1 Baseline e

Answer: the answer is B

Explanation:

just took the assignment

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Answers

Answer:

The answer is A.

Explanation:

Neutrons and protons are located in the dense middle of the atom called the nucleus, and electrons are located on the electron cloud located outside of the nucleus.

How does latitude
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Answers

Answer:

as the latitude increases, the intensity of the solar energy that strikes an area decreases,and climates become cooler

Explanation:

The higher the elevation the cooler the air therefore the climate becomes colder.

1.is the light from the christmas tree natural or artificial?​

Answers

i would say artificial because it’s not sunlight.
Artificial because it’s man made not natural as in something coming from nature.

When fluids are subjected to increases in pressure they tend to do this.

A.) evaporate

B.) contract

C.) expand

D.) solidify

Answers

Answer:

D.) solidify

Explanation:

In the diagram below, west is to the left, east is to the right, and the observer is looking toward the north. What is the direction of the wind?

A. NE
B. NW
C. SE
D. SW

Answers

I think the answer is c since the it’s looking at NW, the wind is coming from SE
The answer would be D) SW bc the wind is blowing it to point that way

. In an experiment, 1.90 g of NH3 reacts with 4.96 g of O2. 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ⟶ 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) (i) Which is a limiting reactant? Show your working. (ii) How many grams of excess reactant remain? Show your working. (iii) How many grams of NO is formed? Show your working

Answers

1. The limiting reactant in the reaction is NH₃

2. The mass of the excess reactant remaining is 0.49 g

3. The mass of NO produced from the reaction is 3.35 g

Balanced equation

4NH₃ + 5O₂ —> 4NO + 6H₂O

Molar mass of NH₃ = 14 + (3×1) = 17 g/mol

Mass of NH₃ from the balanced equation = 4 × 17 = 68 g

Molar mass of O₂ = 16 × 2 = 32 g/mol

Mass of O₂ from the balanced = 5 × 32 = 160 g

Molar mass of NO = 14 + 16 = 30 g/mol

Mass of NO from the balanced equation = 4 × 30 = 120 g

SUMMARY

From the balanced equation above,

68 g of NH₃ reacted with 160 g of O₂ to produce 120 g of NO

1. How to determine the limiting reactant

From the balanced equation above,

68 g of NH₃ reacted with 160 g of O₂

Therefore,

1.90 g of NH₃ will react with = (1.90 × 160) / 68 = 4.47 g of O₂

From the calculation made above, we can see that only 4.47 g out of 4.96 g of O₂ given is needed to react completely with 1.90 g of NH₃.

Therefore, NH₃ is the limiting reactant.

2. How to determine the mass of the excess reactant remaining Mass of excess reactant (O₂) given = 4.96 gMass of excess reactant (O₂) that reacted = 4.47 gMass of excess reactant (O₂) remaining =?

Mass of excess reactant (O₂) remaining = 4.96 – 4.47

Mass of excess reactant (O₂) remaining = 0.49 g

3. How to determine the mass of NO produced

In this case, the limiting reactant (NH₃) will be used.

From the balanced equation above,

68 g of NH₃ reacted to produce 120 g of NO

Therefore,

1.90 g of NH₃ will react to produce = (1.90 × 120) / 68 = 3.35 g of NO.

Thus, 3.35 g of NO were obtained from the reaction.

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What information does an acid or base equilibrium constant give?

Answers

The value of the equilibrium constant shows the relative amounts or concentrations of the reactants and products.

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