When the price is $1 to $4, quantity demanded is 3 units and quantity demanded is 1 unit. Thus, the quantity demanded is 3 units and quantity supplied is 1 unit at price $2.
What will be the further calculation?When the price is $4 to $7, quantity demanded is 2 units and quantity demanded is 2 units. Thus, the quantity demanded is 2 units and quantity supplied is 2 units at price $5. When the price is $7 to $9, quantity demanded is 1 unit and quantity demanded is 3 units. Thus, the quantity demanded is 1 unit and quantity supplied is 3 units at price $8.
Putting these values in the table:
Price Quantity demanded Quantity supplied
2 3 1
5 2 2
8 1 3
The quantity demanded is equal to quantity supplied when the price is $2 per unit.
Hence, a price of $2 brings supply and demand into equilibrium.
Consumer surplus is the difference between value and price, while producer surplus is the difference between marginal value and price at each level of quantity.
At the equilibrium price:
Consumer surplus for first bottle = $9 - $5 = $4
Consumer surplus for second bottle = $7 - $5 = $2
Hence, consumer surplus is $(4 + 2) = $6.
Producer surplus for first bottle = $4 - $1 = $3
Producer surplus for second bottle = $4 - $4 = $0
Hence, producer surplus is $(3 + 0) = $3.
Total surplus is the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus.
Hence, total surplus is $(6 + 3) = $9.
If they produce and consume one less bottle,
Consumer surplus for first bottle = $9 - $5 = $4. Thus, consumer surplus is $4.
Producer surplus for first bottle = $4 - $1 = $3. Thus, producer surplus is $3.
Therefore, total surplus is $(4 + 3) = $7. The total surplus falls from $9 to $7.
Hence, if Bob produced and Sean consumed one less bottle, total surplus would fall.
If they produce and consume one more bottle:
Consumer surplus for first bottle = $9 - $5 = $4
Consumer surplus for second bottle = $7 - $5 = $2
Consumer surplus for third bottle = $4 - $5 = -$1
Hence, consumer surplus is $(4 + 2 - 1) = $5.
Producer surplus for first bottle = $4 - $1 = $3
Producer surplus for second bottle = $4 - $4 = $0
Producer surplus for third bottle = $4 - $7 = -$3
Hence, producer surplus is $(3 + 0 - 3) = $0.
Therefore,
Total surplus = Consumer surplus + Producer surplus
Total surplus = $5 + $0 = $5
Therefore, total surplus falls from $9 to $5.
Hence, if Bob produced and Sean consumed one more bottle, total surplus would fall.
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select all that apply which of the following would be considered fixed costs? multiple select question. packaging materials direct labor equipment monthly installment facility insurance
Packaging materials and instalment facility insurance would be considered fixed costs.
What is a fixed cost?As an illustration of a fixed cost, regardless of the degree of activity inside the property, the rent on a building won't vary until the lease expires or is renegotiated. Other fixed costs include things like insurance, depreciation, and property taxes.
However, if the workforce grows or shrinks, so can the wages given to employees. As a result, it is not regarded as a fixed expense.
An illustration of building rent at a fixed rate. A fixed cost is a cost that does fluctuate with the production or sale of more or fewer goods or services.
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Correct question:
Aelect all that apply which of the following would be considered fixed costs?
multiple select question
packaging materials direct labor equipment monthly installment facility insuranceHow can developing a skilled work force maintain quality and how could motivate others
Answer:
Developing a skilled workforce is crucial for maintaining quality and improving productivity, leading to higher customer satisfaction and reduced employee turnover. Clear goals, expectations, and feedback can motivate employees, as well as offering growth opportunities and recognition for good performance.
An all-equity firm reports a net profit margin of 10% on sales of $3 million. If the tax rate is 21%, what is the pretax profit Multiple Choice $379,746 $323,421 $726,568 $103,082
The correct option is A. The pre-tax profit is $379.746.
Net profit = 3000000*10/100= 300000.
pre-tax profit= [tex]\frac{300000}{0.79} = $379.746.[/tex]
Marginal refers to the point of interest on the cost or profit of the next unit or person, such as the cost of producing an additional widget or the profits from hiring an additional employee. Marginal analysis is a decision-making tool used by businesses to help them optimize their prospective profitability.
The marginal value, or cost of producing extra quantity, is the adjustment to the overall cost that results from an increase in the amount produced in economics. It can refer to an increase in the output of one unit in some situations, and it can also refer to the rate of change of total value as production is increased by an infinitesimal amount.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. A _____ is a form of trading arrangement in which part or all of the payment for purchased goods or services is in the form of other goods and services.
A countertrade is a type of trading transaction wherein some or all of the compensation for products or services purchased is made in the form of additional goods and services.
By countertrade, what do you mean?In a reciprocal kind of international trade known as countertrade, products or services are traded for other products or services rather than for hard currency. International trade of this kind is more prevalent in poorer nations with scarce credit or foreign exchange resources.
Which countertrade examples are there?The products in this sort of reciprocal trade may vary between nations and may be other things altogether. A nation with enough of oil, for instance, may trade it for arms from another nation. Oil and military hardware are the products here.
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Which of the following sequence of statements would ensure that testuser has the privileges of the roles of technology and marketing? a.) CREATE ROLE marketing NOINHERIT; CREATE ROLE technology INHERIT; GRANT technology to testuser; GRANT marketing to technology; b.) CREATE ROLE marketing INHERIT; CREATE ROLE technology INHERIT; GRANT technology to testuser; GRANT marketing to technology; c.) CREATE ROLE marketing NOINHERIT; CREATE ROLE technology NOINHERIT; GRANT technology to testuser; GRANT marketing to technology; O d.) CREATE ROLE marketing NOINHERIT; CREATE ROLE technology NOINHERIT; GRANT marketing to testuser; GRANT marketing to technology;
The correct sequence of statements to ensure that testuser has the privileges of the roles of technology and marketing would be: b.) CREATE ROLE marketing INHERIT; CREATE ROLE technology INHERIT; GRANT technology to testuser; GRANT marketing to technology;
Option a.) does not ensure that testuser has the privileges of both marketing and technology roles. It creates marketing role without inheritance, and technology role with inheritance, then grants technology to testuser and marketing to technology, but this does not grant the privileges of marketing to testuser.
Option b.) creates both marketing and technology roles with inheritance, which means that any role that is granted marketing or technology will inherit the privileges of both roles. Then, it grants technology to testuser and marketing to technology, ensuring that testuser has the privileges of both roles.
Option c.) creates both marketing and technology roles without inheritance, and then grants technology to testuser and marketing to technology, but this does not ensure that testuser has the privileges of both roles.
Option d.) creates both marketing and technology roles without inheritance, then grants marketing to testuser and marketing to technology, but this does not ensure that testuser has the privileges of technology role.
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Wealthy country A enters into a free trade agreement with poor country B. Country B improves its productivity. Country A pays lower prices for goods imported from poor country B. However, Samuelson expresses concern that these lower prices may not offset possible ______ in wealthy country A.
O lower balance of payments
O lower real wage rates
O tax increases
Oincrease real wage rates
Wealthy country have lower real wage rates.so correct option of given question is b.
With an example, what is a wage?wage rates is the base pay that a worker receives per unit of time (such as an hour or a day) or, in the case of piecework, per unit of output.
A wage is money paid to an employee by their employer for labour completed over a certain amount of time. Wage payments include remunerative payments like rewards and tip payouts as well as compensation payments like minimum wage, prevailing wage, and annual bonuses.
The Project Industrial Relations Policy and Management Plan's wage schedules, which are included, define and outline the standard wage rates for the various categories of work (IRP).
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Suppose there is a decrease in the demand for high-definition televisions.The short-run average total cost curve for this product will ________ (Increase/Decrease/Not Change) because:a. When demand decreases, the short-run average total cost increases.b. Short-run average total cost depends on workers’ wage rates and the prices of inputs rather than on demand.c. When demand decreases, the short-run average total cost declines.
The right answer is (c) When demand falls, the short-run average total cost falls. In the near run, a drop in demand for high-definition televisions will result in surplus capacity and reduced production levels.
However, fixed expenditures like as rent and equipment will stay constant in the short run. As a result of the reduced production level, the average fixed cost per unit will rise. However, variable costs such as labor and materials will fall since fewer resources are required to create the smaller amount desired. As a result, the overall cost per unit will reduce owing to decreased variable expenses, but the average fixed cost per unit will increase due to lower output level. The short-run average total The cost curve will flatten when the decrease in variable costs outweighs the increase in fixed costs. If a result, as demand falls, so does the short-run average total cost.
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Which of the following would cause the equilibrium price of ketchup to increase and the equilibrium quantity of ketchup to decrease?
a. Decrease in the price of tomatoes
b. An increase in the price of tomatoes
c. An increase in the price of mustard, a substitute for ketchup
d. An increase in the price of French fires, a compliment for ketchup.
An increase in price of tomatoes would cause equilibrium price of ketchup to increase and equilibrium quantity of ketchup to decrease.
What is equilibrium?Equilibrium is a state of balance where all the forces and factors within a system are equal and opposite, resulting in a stable, unchanging state. It is a key concept in physics, chemistry, biology, and economics. In physics, equilibrium is achieved when the net force acting on an object is zero, and it is not accelerating. In chemistry, it refers to the balance between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. In biology, it refers to the balance of homeostasis within an organism. In economics, equilibrium refers to the point where supply and demand are equal, and the market is stable. Overall, equilibrium is a fundamental concept in many fields, and understanding it is essential for predicting and analyzing complex systems.
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Refer to Exhibit 4.1. What is the firm's P/E ratio? Do not round your intermediate calculations Exhibit 4.1 The balance sheet and income statement shown below are for Koski Ine. Note that the firm has no amortization charges, it does not lease any assets, none of its debt must be retired during the next 5 years, and the notes payable will be rolled over Balance Sheet (Millions of S) Assets 2021 Cash and securities $3,000 Accounts receivable 15,000 Inventories 18,000 Total current assets $36,000 Net plant and equipment $24,000 Total assets $60,000 Liabilities and Equity Accounts payable $17 160 Accruals 9,240 Notes payable 6,000 Total current liabilities $32.400 Long-term bonds $12,000 Total liabilities $44,400 Common stock $3.900 2 Retained earnings 11.700 Common stock $3,900 Retained earnings 11,700 Total common equity $15,600 Total liabilities and equity 560,000 Income Statement (Millions of S) 2021 Net sales $66,000 Operating costs except depreciation 61 380 Depreciation 1,320 Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) $3,300 Less interest 1,080 Earnings before taxes (EBT) $2,220 Taxes (259) 555 Net income $1,665 Other data Shares outstanding (millions 500.00 Common dividends (millions of 5) $582.75 Int. rate on notes payable & L-T bonds 696 Federal plus state income tax rate 2596 Year-end stock price $39.96 0 13.2. 0 139 014.6 O 12.0 0 12.6
The price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio measures a company's market charge compared to its earnings. It suggests what the market is willing to pay nowadays for a inventory primarily based on a company's past or future earnings.
A company's P/E ratio can be benchmarked in opposition to other stocks in the equal enterprise or the S&P five hundred Index.
What is the firms PE ratio?Components of P/E ratio
The P/E for a stock is computed with the aid of dividing the fee of the stock by means of the company's annual income per share. If a inventory is trading at $20 per share and its profits per share are $1, then the stock has a P/E of 20 ($20 / $1).
As some distance as Nifty is concerned, it has traded in a PE vary of 10 to 30 historically. Average PE of Nifty in the final 20 years was once round 20. * So PEs beneath 20 can also provide desirable investment opportunities; decrease the PE below 20, extra appealing the funding potential.
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A. Compute the expected return and standard deviation of the portfolio formed by allocating 60% of your wealth to a risky portfolio (formed by investing equally in the stock and the bond), and 40% of your wealth to the T-bill money market fund. B. If as the investor you want an expected return of 15% from a complete portfolio C formed by using the risky portfolio and the risk-free asset, what proportions of the stock-fund, the bond-fund, and risk-free asset should you be holding in the complete portfolio?
To compute the expected return and standard deviation of the portfolio calculate expected return and standard deviation of the risky portfolio.
Assuming that the stock and the bond are the only assets in the risky portfolio and that they are equally weighted, the expected return of the risky portfolio can be calculated as:Expected return of risky portfolio = 0.5 × E(stock) + 0.5 × E(bond) = 0.5 × 0.15 + 0.5 × 0.05 = 0.1 or 10%Similarly, the standard deviation of the risky portfolio can be calculated as:Standard deviation of risky portfolio = √[0.5^2 × σ(stock)^2 + 0.5^2 × σ(bond)^2 + 2 × 0.5 × 0.5 × ρ(stock, bond) × σ(stock) × σ(bond)]Assuming that the correlation coefficient between the stock and bond returns is 0.2, and the standard deviations of the stock and bond returns are 0.30 and 0.10 respectively, the standard deviation of the risky portfolio can be calculated as:Standard deviation of risky portfolio = √[(0.5^2 × 0.30^2) + (0.5^2 × 0.10^2) + (2 × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.2 × 0.30 × 0.10)] = 0.142Next, we can compute the expected return and standard deviation of the complete portfolio by allocating 60% to the risky portfolio and 40% to the risk-free T-bill money market fund.
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Type of Adjustment Classify the following items as (1) accrued revenue, (2) accrued expense, (3) unearned revenue, or (4) prepaid expense: a. Cash received for use of land next month b. Fees earned but not received c. Rent expense owed but not yet paid d. Supplies on hand
The correct order that the as the expense will be determined will be unearned revenue, Accrued revenue, accrued expenses, and Prepaid expense,
What is an expense?The expense can be defined as the amount that is should be paid by the company. This can be on the basis of cash or credit. This will be an outflow of the https://brainly.com/question/25872630?referrer=searchResultsof the company.
a. Cash received for use of land next month will be termed as unearned revenue
b. Fees earned but not received will be termed Accrued revenue
c. Rent expenses owed but not yet paid will be termed accrued expenses
d. Supplies on hand will be termed Prepaid expense
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Consider the accounts involved in each situation. Prepaid expenses are paid in advance of being used, and assets become expenses as they are used. Unearned revenues represent money received before it is earned, which is a liability. Accruals are expenses that have been incurred and revenues that have been earned and now need to be recorded.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. A perfectly competitive industry produces more output and charges the same price as a single-price monopoly.
B. A perfectly competitive industry produces less output but charges a lower price than a single-price monopoly.
C. A perfectly competitive industry produces less output and charges the same price as a single-price monopoly.
D. A perfectly competitive industry produces more output and charges a lower price than a single-price monopoly.
The statement that is true is: D. A perfectly competitive industry produces more output and charges a lower price than a single-price monopoly.
What is a perfectly competitive market?In a perfectly competitive market, many small firms compete with each other, with no single firm having any significant market power. This results in an equilibrium price and quantity where the price is equal to the marginal cost of production and the firms produce at the minimum point of their average total cost curve.
Therefore, in a perfectly competitive market, the price is lower and the quantity produced is higher than in a monopoly, where a single firm has the ability to restrict output and charge a higher price.
Therefore the correct option is D.
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Rank the following types of markets from least integrated and organized to most integrated and organized:I. Brokered marketsII. Continuous auction marketsIII. Dealer marketsIV. Direct search marketsA. IV, II, I, IIIB. I, III, IV, IIC. II, III, IV, ID. IV, I, III, II
The correct ranking of the types of markets from least integrated and organized to most integrated and organized is direct, brokered markets, dealers market and continuous auction markets. (Option D).
How to determine the Ranking of Types of Markets? Direct search markets are the least integrated and organized type of market, where buyers and sellers search for each other directly without any intermediaries or formal market structure.Brokered markets are more organized than direct search markets, as they involve the use of brokers who facilitate transactions between buyers and sellers, but still lack the structure of centralized trading.Dealer markets are even more integrated and organized, as they involve a group of dealers who buy and sell securities from their own inventories, providing liquidity to the market.Continuous auction markets are the most integrated and organized type of market, where buyers and sellers come together on a centralized platform and place their orders, which are executed through an auction process based on supply and demand. Examples of continuous auction markets include stock exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ.Learn more about market here: https://brainly.com/question/25369230
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Which of the following taxes would not be accounted for under ASC 740?
A. Income taxes paid to the German government.
B. Income taxes paid to the U.S. government.
C. Value-added taxes paid to the Swiss government.
D. Income taxes paid to the City of New York.
ASC 740 A. Income taxes paid to the German government.
What is Income taxes?Income taxes are taxes levied on any money earned by individuals and businesses. These taxes are collected by the government and used to fund public services, pay off government debt, and other government programs. Income taxes are typically based on the amount of income earned, with higher income earners paying more taxes than lower income earners.
ASC 740, or Accounting Standards Codification 740 (formerly known as FAS 109), is the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) guidance on accounting for income taxes. It applies to any entity that is required to report information related to income taxes, including U.S. companies and foreign companies with U.S. operations. Therefore, taxes paid to foreign governments, such as income taxes paid to the German government, would not be accounted for under ASC 740.
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Several nations that have become frustrated with the slow progress of the most recent round of WTO trade negotiations are ____
The most recent round of trade talks between WTO members is known as the Doha Round. By lowering trade barriers and introducing new trade regulations, it seeks to significantly reform the global trading system.
The WTO's shortcomings in what ways?The failure of the Doha round of WTO negotiations, the most recent round of negotiations, is sometimes seen as evidence of the inherent challenges of multilateral discourse. When the WTO met in 2001, trade negotiators didn't succeed in their goal of expanding the WTO's purview.
What are negotiations in the WTO, exactly?talk about commerce Items and intellectual property are both covered by WTO agreements. The guiding concepts of the liberalization as well as the permitted departures from them are stated. They include commitments made by a few countries to keep their service markets free and open as well as to lower customs tariffs and other trade barriers.
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you calculate taxable income by reducing gross income by adjustments, exemptions, and ____ tax deductions. standard/itemized.
you calculate taxable income by reducing gross income by adjustments, exemptions, and itemized tax deductions.
Taxable income is calculated by subtracting gross income from adjustments, exemptions, and itemized tax deductions. This will give you your total taxable income.
For example, if your gross income is $100,000, and you have $10,000 in adjustments, $2,000 in exemptions, and $20,000 in itemized tax deductions, your total taxable income would be $68,000. ($100,000 - $10,000 - $2,000 - $20,000 = $68,000).
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Which of the following is a business benefit of happy or satisfied employees at work, according to Michael C. Bush?1. Organizations with happy employees have three times the revenue growth as those with unhappy employees.2. Organizations with happy employees tend to reach higher performance standards than those with unhappy employees.3. Organizations with happy employees save money, despite needing to spend money to keep their employees happy in the long run.4. Organizations with happy employees save money, as they have to deal with less negative consequences of unhappy employees.5. Organizations with happy employees like to go above and beyond in their jobs, doing more than they are required to do.
"Organizations with happy employees like to go above and beyond in their jobs, doing more than they are required to do" is a business benefit of happy or satisfied employees at work, according to Michael C. Bush. The correct option is 5th.
The business benefit is the term which refers to the tangible productivity of the decision which contributes towards the reaching the one or more than one business objectives.
The business benefits due to the activity of the employee and contribute to organizations with happy employees tend to reach higher performance standards and organizations with happy employees have three times the revenue growth.
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Which of the following is not a goal of the Intelligent Enterprise?
Multiple Choice
a. recommend how to manage problems
b. prioritize our work
c. automate simple tasks
d. complete our work for us
The correct answer is d. complete our work for us. The Intelligent Enterprise aims to leverage technology and data to optimize business processes and achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness.
Its functions encompass providing recommendations for problem management (option a), prioritizing work (option b), and automating simple tasks (option c).
Nonetheless, it is not intended to assume full control over all of our work (option d). Instead, the Intelligent Enterprise is designed to complement and augment human capabilities, rather than supplant them completely.
The objective is to enhance the value of human labor by harnessing technology to improve efficiency, accuracy, and productivity, rather than replace it with automation entirely.
Therefore, the correct answer is d.
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A coin is tossed five times. By counting the elements in the following events, determine the probability of each event. (Show your work)
a. Heads never occurs twice in a row.
b. Neither heads or tails occur twice in a row
c. Both heads and tails occur at least twice in a row.
(Number of outcomes in the event) / P(event) (total number of possible outcomes) Where there are 5 distinct coin flips, each with 2 possible outcomes, giving a total of 2 x 5 = 32 outcomes.
What are the basic probability?This probability is just a number that expresses the possibility or possibility that a specific event will take place. Probabilities can be stated as proportions with a range of 0 to 1, or as percentages with a range of 0% to 100%.
a. The result is never two heads in a row.
We possess
[tex]A(1) = 2 (HT or TH)A(2) = 3 (HT, TH or TT)A(n) = A(n-1) + A(n-2) for n > = 3[/tex]
As a result, we have:
[tex]A(3) = A(2) + A(1) = 3 + 2 = 5A(4) = A(3) + A(2) = 5 + 3 = 8A(5) = A(4) + A(3) = 8 + 5 = 13[/tex]
There are 13 outcomes in all where heads never appears twice in a row. The likelihood of this happening is therefore P(a) = 13/32.
b. Neither tails nor heads appear two times in a row.
We possess
[tex]B(1) = 2 (HT or TH)B(2) = 2 (HT or TH)B(n) = B(n-1) + B(n-2) for n > = 3[/tex] (since the last toss can be either H or T)
As a result, we have:
[tex]B(3) = B(2) + B(1) = 2 + 2 = 4B(4) = B(3) + B(2) = 4 + 2 = 6B(5) = B(4) + B(3) = 6 + 4 = 10[/tex]
Therefore, there are 10 outcomes where neither heads and tails appear twice in a row. The likelihood of this happening is therefore P(b) = 10/32 = 5/16.
c. At least twice a row, all heads and tails appear.
We possess
[tex]C(n) = 2^n - A(n) - B(n)[/tex]
We have the following using values of A(n) & B(n) from the earlier sections:
[tex]C(1) = 0C(2) = 0C(3) = 2^3 - 5 - 4 = 3C(4) = 2^4 - 8 - 6 = 10C(5)[/tex]
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Jimmy John's is one example of a company that allows franchisees to open a location using their brand, recipes, and products. T/F
It's true that one business that permits franchisees to build a shop utilizing its name, menu, and goods is Jimmy John's.
Is there a franchise agreement in which the franchisor permits the franchisee to buy its products and use its name?An agreement that exists between a franchisor and a franchisee is known as a franchise. The initial business is the franchisor. It offers to give people license to use its name and concept. The franchisee pays for the right to use a well-known brand and business strategy to advertise and market the franchisor's goods and services.
Is it acceptable to have a franchise agreement that permits the franchisee to open more than one shop at a time in a specific location?An agreement that allows the franchisee to open and manage many franchise sites is known as a multi-unit agreement. The location of a multi-unit layout is not constrained. Franchisees could operate in different parts of the city.
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Please read the case below about the development of Post-it Notes. Compare this to the material in the textbook related to the strategic management process (Learning Objective 2-6) before proceeding to answer the questions following the case.
Arthur Fry and Spencer Silver: Post-it Notes – 3M
This is the story of the creation of the Post-it® Note. You might think, given its commercial success, that researchers were burning the midnight oil to find a way to leave clingy notes in books and on memos. But that is not what happened…
In 1968, Dr. Spencer Silver, a senior chemist in 3M’s central research lab, developed a high-quality adhesive that could be easily peeled off the surfaces to which it was adhered. This particular discovery was not considered a great success, since the real goal of Silver’s project was to develop a super-strong adhesive, but instead he had found a rather weak one. So, Silver moved on to look at other materials for use as a powerful adhesive.
Five years later, Arthur Fry, an avid collaborator in 3M’s research lab and a singer in his local church choir, was frustrated by how his bookmarks always slipped out when opening the hymnals. He suddenly remembered an old presentation by Silver in which Silver mentioned trying to find a promising commercial use for his removable adhesive. The next morning, Fry made some prototype sticky bookmarks that worked wonderfully for his problem. Fry then wrote up a proposal to develop a reusable, reliable, and adhesive bookmark and presented it to his supervisors. Fry’s managers were hesitant at first, but 3M’s culture of innovation led his supervisor to give Fry a chance to develop his idea. Fry created more samples, giving them to colleagues at work and fellow singers in the choir. Almost everyone kept asking Fry for more samples! Even then, it took several more years of design and manufacturing work to bring the Post-it Note to fruition. By 1977, the product was fully developed and functional, but it still took another two years to gain broader acceptance. In 1979, after implementing a massive consumer sampling, the product became widely available in the U.S. Within two years, it had become so indispensible that no office supply list was complete without Post-it Notes. For Drs. Silver and Fry, it was a wonderful addition to their long and productive careers with 3M. Both have been awarded 3M’s highest honors in research, as well as a number of prestigious engineering awards across the globe.
It should be noted that 3M is well known for fostering innovation. It lets its employees dedicate 15 percent of their time to pursuing projects that might be good potential innovations for the firm. In great part, this culture is what led to the Post-it Notes’ success. A less open firm would simply have shut the project down. There were certainly many times during the 10 years of development where the idea could have been abandoned. One interesting point to consider from this story is not how firms allow serendipitous moments to grow into successful innovations, but how firms should promote such serendipity to begin with.
1.In the case of Post-it Notes, the primary strategic process described came from which of the following?
Dominant strategic plan
Scenario planning
Top-down strategic planning
Planned emergence
Intended strategy
The textbook's information on the strategic management process case of Post-it Notes, the primary strategic process described the Planned emergence
The case of Post-it Notes describes the process of planned emergence in the strategic management process. This is because the creation of Post-it Notes was not a part of any dominant strategic plan, nor was it a result of scenario planning or top-down strategic planning. Instead, it was an emergent strategy that arose from the discovery of a weak adhesive and a need for a practical solution for a common problem. Arthur Fry's proposal to develop an adhesive bookmark was not originally part of any strategic plan, but it emerged as a successful innovation due to the supportive culture of innovation at 3M.
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Investments in increasing access to education and training would improve which of the following?
a.)
Technology
b.)
Land resources
c.)
Human capital
d.)
Physical capital
Which of the following conditions are true when an average, or representative, firm in a purely competitive industry is in long-run equilibrium?
a. The MC curve is horizontal
b. MR = MC
c. P = minimum AVC
d. The firm is earing a normalprovit
When an average, or representative, firm is in long-run equilibrium in a strictly competitive industry, the following criteria hold true.
How can it be explained in detail?b. MR = MC: The representative company will produce at long-run equilibrium when marginal revenue (MR) equals marginal cost (MC) (MC).
The price (P) at long-run equilibrium will be equal to the minimum point of the average variable cost (AVC) curve because companies that cannot afford their variable costs will eventually leave the market.
d. The company is making a typical profit: In the long run, the representative firm will only be making a normal profit. This indicates that while it is paying all of its expenses, including opportunity costs, it is not turning a profit.
For a representative business in long-run equilibrium in a strictly competitive industry, this criterion is not always valid. a. The MC curve is horizontal.
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You deposited $100,000 in a margin account and proceeded to buy $150,000 of stock in GRPN. There is a 30% maintenance margin required by your broker. If the price of GRPN falls by 60%, how much cash will your broker require you to send if you are to keep him from selling your positions? What if GRPN falls by 30%? By what percent does GRPN have to fall before you will receive a margin call? If GRPN falls by 60% and you are unable to send any additional cash, what is the minimum fraction of your holdings in GRPN that your broker will liquidate?
The broker will liquidate 50% of the holdings in GRPN to meet the margin requirement. In a margin account, an investor can borrow funds from a broker to buy securities, using the securities as collateral.
The margin requirement is the minimum amount of equity that the investor must maintain in the account. If the equity falls below the maintenance margin, the broker will issue a margin call and the investor will be required to add cash to the account to meet the margin requirement. In this scenario, the investor deposited $100,000 and purchased $150,000 of stock in GRPN, which means the initial margin was $100,000 / $150,000 = 66.67%. However, the broker requires a 30% maintenance margin, which means the equity in the account must be at least 30% of the total value of the position, or $45,000. If GRPN falls by 60%, the value of the position will be $150,000 * (1 - 60%) = $60,000. Since the investor borrowed $100,000 to purchase the stock, the remaining loan balance will be $100,000 - $60,000 = $40,000. The equity in the account will be $60,000 - $40,000 = $20,000, which is less than the maintenance margin of $45,000. Therefore, the broker will issue a margin call and the investor will be required to send $25,000 in cash to meet the margin requirement. If GRPN falls by 30%, the value of the position will be $150,000 * (1 - 30%) = $105,000. The loan balance will be $100,000 - $105,000 = -$5,000, which means the investor has negative equity in the account. However, the negative equity is less than the maintenance margin of $45,000, so the broker will not issue a margin call. The percent decrease that triggers a margin call is calculated as follows:
(initial value - current value) / initial value = (150,000 - current value) / 150,000
If we substitute the maintenance margin of 30% for the current value and solve for the percent decrease, we get:
(150,000 - 0.3*150,000) / 150,000 = 50%
Therefore, GRPN has to fall by 50% before the investor will receive a margin call.
If GRPN falls by 60% and the investor is unable to send any additional cash, the broker will liquidate some of the holdings to meet the margin requirement. The minimum fraction that will be liquidated can be calculated as follows:
(amount of cash required - loan balance) / current value = (45,000 - 40,000) / (150,000 * (1 - 60%)) = 0.5
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Random State University (RU) faces demand uncertainty when selling football tickets.
In the high-demand state, the quantity demanded is 1,000(100 - p). In the low-demand
state, it is 1,000(80 - p). There is probability ½ that demand is high. Marginal cost equals
zero, and the stadium has capacity K.
(i) Suppose RSU sells tickets before demand uncertainty is resolved. For which values of K
does the capacity constraint bind in the high-demand state?
(i) Now suppose RSU sells tickets after demand uncertainty is resolved. For which values
of K does the capacity constraint bind in the high-demand state?
A firm's profit is maximized when it reaches a point where marginal return is zero. If the marginal return is positive, the firm is generating more revenue by continuing production, but is not reaching its maximum sales.
As long as the marginal revenue is positive, the company will continue to exist, and stop production when the marginal revenue reaches zero.
given x=3
24−2p
na
P=12−23
naX
(i) Income function R(P)=Px=P(324−2pna)
=8P-32na
P. 2
Income function R(x)=Px=(12−23nax)x12 times -23naX2
(ii) to maximize turnover;
dPdR(P)na=8−3
Four
naP=0⇒P=6anddP2
D. 2R(P)na=−3
Four
na (<0)for maximizing sales
DXdR(x)na
=12−3x=0 ⇒ x=4
and
DX 2
D. 2 prescription) na =−3(<0)
∴ The price is 6, the number of No. units is 4, and the turnover rate is the maximum.
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For a multi-state model of a special 3-year term insurance on (x):
(i) Insureds may be in one of three states at the beginning of each year: active (State 0),
disabled (State 1), or dead (State 2). The annual transition probabilities are as follows
for k = 0, 1, 2:
Active (0) 0.8 0.1 0.1
Disabled (1) 0.1 0.7 0.2
Dead (2) 0.0 0.0 1.0
(ii) A 100,000 benefit is payable at the end of the year of death whether the insured was
active or disabled.
(iii) Premiums are paid at the beginning of each year when active. Insureds do not pay
any annual premiums when they are disabled at the start of the year.
(iv) d = 0.10
Calculate the level annual benefit premium for this insurance.
(A) 9,000
(B) 10,700
(C) 11,800
(D) 13,200
(E) 20,800
The level annual benefit premium for the given multi-state 3-year term insurance is approximately $11,800, calculated using the equivalence principle and weighted sums of expected present values of premiums and benefits. So, the correct option is (C).
To calculate the level annual benefit premium, we can use the equivalence principle, which states that the expected present value of premiums equals the expected present value of benefits. We can set up an equation to solve for the premium as follows:
PV(Premiums) = PV(Benefits)
where PV denotes present value. We can break down the expected present value of premiums and benefits for each state:
State 0 (Active):
PV(Premiums|State 0) = 100,000 * (1 - 0.1) = 90,000 (since premiums are paid only if the insured is active)
PV(Benefits|State 0) = 0.8 * 0 + 0.1 * 100,000 + 0.1 * 100,000 = 20,000 (since the insured has a 10% chance of becoming disabled and a 10% chance of dying)
State 1 (Disabled):
PV(Premiums|State 1) = 0 (since no premiums are paid when the insured is disabled)
PV(Benefits|State 1) = 100,000 * (0.7 * 0 + 0.2 * 1) = 20,000 (since the insured has a 70% chance of remaining disabled and a 20% chance of dying)
State 2 (Dead):
PV(Premiums|State 2) = 0 (since the insured cannot pay premiums when dead)
PV(Benefits|State 2) = 100,000 * 1 = 100,000 (since the benefit is payable at the end of the year of death)
Now, we can calculate the expected present value of premiums and benefits by taking a weighted sum of the values for each state, using the transition probabilities:
PV(Premiums) = 0.8 * PV(Premiums|State 0) + 0.1 * PV(Premiums|State 1) + 0 * PV(Premiums|State 2) = 0.8 * 90,000 + 0.1 * 0 + 0 * 0 = 72,000
PV(Benefits) = 0.8 * PV(Benefits|State 0) + 0.1 * PV(Benefits|State 1) + 1 * PV(Benefits|State 2) = 0.8 * 20,000 + 0.1 * 20,000 + 1 * 100,000 = 118,000
Finally, we can solve for the level annual benefit premium by equating the two values:
72,000 = 118,000 / (1 + d)^3
where d is the discount rate. Solving for the premium, we get:
Premium = 118,000 / (1 + d)^3 / 3 = 11,792.07
Rounding to the nearest dollar, the correct answer is (C) 11,800.
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sandra is a production manager at a soda manufacturing and bottling plant. one of her duties is to create a monthly inventory report based on the list of material received from the supplier on delivery. sandra's report for the previous month, however, turned out to be invalid as the supplier provided an erroneous list. in this scenario, her report cannot be considered good information as it was lacking in ____. group of answer choices A. content B. accuracy C. method D. quantity E. effectiveness
In this scenario, Sandra's report cannot be considered good information due to its lack of accuracy.
Accuracy refers to the degree to which information correctly represents reality or the degree to which information is free from errors, omissions, or distortions. Sandra's report was based on an erroneous list provided by the supplier, which means that the data she used to create the report was inaccurate. As a result, the report did not correctly represent the actual inventory of materials, and it could not be relied upon for decision-making purposes. While other factors such as content, method, quantity, and effectiveness can also affect the quality of information, accuracy is essential in ensuring that the information is trustworthy and useful. Without accurate data, the other aspects of the report, such as content or effectiveness, become irrelevant since they are based on faulty information. In summary, Sandra's report lacked accuracy due to the erroneous list provided by the supplier, making it invalid as a source of information. To create a reliable report, it is crucial to ensure the accuracy of the data used as a basis for the report.
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Why are adjustments important to the preparation of the financial statements?
-Adjustments ensure that the balance sheet reports all of the economic resources the company owns and all of the obligations the company owes. -Unadjusted financial statements would present a misleading and incomplete picture of the company's financial results -Adjustments ensure that the revenues earned and expenses incurred during the period are reflected in the income statement.
Adjustments are essential to the preparation of accurate and reliable financial statements for several reasons.
Firstly, adjustments ensure that the balance sheet reflects all of the economic resources owned by the company and all of the obligations it owes. This is important because the balance sheet is a snapshot of a company's financial position at a particular point in time. Without adjustments, the balance sheet may not include all of the assets and liabilities that should be reported, which can lead to an inaccurate picture of the company's financial health.
Secondly, unadjusted financial statements can present a misleading and incomplete picture of the company's financial results. Adjustments are necessary to correct errors and omissions in the financial records that could distort the financial performance of the company.
Lastly, adjustments ensure that the revenues earned and expenses incurred during the period are accurately reflected in the income statement. This is crucial because the income statement is a summary of a company's financial performance over a specific period, typically a quarter or a year. If adjustments are not made, revenue and expenses may be misstated, resulting in an inaccurate net income figure.
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_____ is reflected in a nation in which the government does not attempt to influence what its citizens can buy from another country by applying import duties or what citizens can produce and sell to another country. O Fair trade O Free trade O Bilateral trade O Restricted trade
According to the idea of comparative advantage, even if one country can produce all things more affordably than another, it cannot.
What term describes a circumstance in which a government makes no effort to influence through quotas and duties?Free trade refers to a scenario where a government does not try to control what its citizens can buy from other countries or what they can manufacture and sell to other countries through quotas or duties. Theory of international trade. Trade's advantages
What is a trade theory called as that suggests a country should export more than it imports?Mercantilism is the answer (option A). As a means of increasing national wealth by exporting goods at a higher profit than by importing goods at a lower profit, mercantilism was adopted in Europe.
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A company's management team should compete seriously against rivals to win a private-label footwear contract in a particular geographic region when the data in the latest Competitive Intelligence Report indicates that one or more rival firms did not submit price offers to chain retailers all the sellers of private-label footwear in the prior year had a market share under 20% (as reported in the Competitive Intelignc Report) the data in the latest Competitive Intelligence Report indicates that some of the companies competing to supply for private-label footwear were able to win contracts at offer prices above $25 per pair it concludes that the company has more than enough production capacity to produce the needed pairs of branded footwear and, based on its projections, determines that the company's profitability can be increased by competing for and winning private-label contracts the data in the latest Competitive Intelligence Report indicates that some of the winning price offers for private-label contracts resulted in greater per pair profits than were earned for branded footwear Copying, redistributing, or website posting is expressly prohibited and constitutes copyright violation.
When a company has sufficient underutilized production capacity, it must investigate private-label production and win contracts for increased profitability.
Option D is correct.
Management team :A management team is a group of high-level associates hired by a business owner to take on essential responsibilities within the business. It concludes that the company has more than enough production capacity to produce the required pairs of branded footwear and, based on its projections, determines that the company's profitability can be increased by competing for and winning private-label contracts. Each of these individuals has a distinct area of expertise in the management of a business, and they make up the highest levels of management within a company or business.
Incomplete question :
A company's management team should compete seriously against rivals to win a private-label footwear contract in a particular geographic region when
A. the data in the latest Competitive Intelligence Report indicates that one or more rival firms did not submit price offers to chain retailers
B.all the sellers of private-label footwear in the prior year had a market share under 20% (as reported in the Competitive Intelligence Report)
C. the data in the latest Competitive Intelligence Report indicates that some of the companies competing to supply for private-label footwear were able to win contracts at offer prices above $25 per pair
D. it concludes that the company has more than enough production capacity to produce the needed pairs of branded footwear and, based on its projections, determines that the company's profitability can be increased by competing for and winning private-label contracts
E.the data in the latest Competitive Intelligence Report indicates that some of the winning price offers for private-label contracts resulted in greater per pair profits than were earned for branded footwear Copying, redistributing, or website posting is expressly prohibited and constitutes copyright violation.
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