The proper waste container/area will be:
Solid waste;
Container Trashused filter paperSink
Liquid waste;acetone rinseleftover starting material reactionfiltrateGlass waste;
broken waterless condensermelting point tubeWhat kind of garbage is it?We must keep in mind that waste refers to a substance that is no longer in use. while we are discussing a waste. We refer to items that we will eventually discard or that we won't be able to put out.
The waste can then be separated according to the type of waste that it is, as demonstrated above.
Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was
Sort the following into the proper waste container/area. Solid Waste Container Liquid Waste Container Glass Waste Container Trash Sink used filter paper acetone rinse broken waterless condenser leftover water from ice bath leftover starting material reaction filtrate melting point tube
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the following reaction: so2＋o2—> 2so3 follows the mechanism: step 1. 2no o2——>2no2(slow) step 2. 2no2＋ 2so2——2no 2so3(fast) what is/are the catalyst(s)?
The catalyzed reaction: 2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃, the catalyst in the reaction is the NO.
The catalyzed reaction is as :
2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃,
Thought the following mechanism is as follows :
Step 1 : 2NO + O₂ → 2NO₂ slow
Step 2 : 2NO₂ + 2SO₂ → 2NO + 2SO₃ fast
Therefore, The catalyst is the NO.
The intermediate in the mechanism is NO₂.
The rate of the reaction = Rate = k[NO]²[O₂] .
The substance that is increases the rate of the chemical reaction without undergoing any of the permanent chemical change is called as catalyst.
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the activation energy, ea, for a particular reaction is 37.8 kj/mol. if the rate constant at 280 k is 0.178 m/s, then what is the value of the rate constant at 385 k? (r = 8.314 j/mol • k)
The activation energy for a particular reaction is 37.8 kj/mol. If the rate constant at 280 k is 0.178 m/s, then 2.14 m/s is the value of the rate constant at 385 k.
A reaction rate constant, also known as a reaction rate coefficient, in chemical kinetics. Here, [A] and [B] are the molar concentrations of substances A and B in moles per unit volume of solution, assuming the reaction is occurring throughout the volume of the solution, and k is the reaction rate constant that depends on temperature. Partial orders of reaction have exponents m and n, which are not always equivalent to the stoichiometric coefficients a and b. Instead, they are dependent on the reaction process and are amenable to experimental determination.
[tex]K = Ae^{Ea/RT}[/tex]
[tex]0.178 = Ae^{(-37,800 J/mol / (8.314 J/molK ×280 K))\\}[/tex]
A = 3.44 x 10¹¹
k = (3.44 x 10¹¹) × [tex]e^(-37,800 J/mol / (8.314 J/mol×K ×385 K))[/tex]
k = 2.14 m/s
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what volume of 0.1379 m hcl is required to neutralize 10.0 ml of 0.2789 m naoh soluation
20.22 volume of 0.1379 M HCl is required to neutralize 10.0 ml of 0.2789 M NaOH solution.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) react in a 1:1 mole ratio to produce an aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) and water.
NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l)
Molarity is termed as the number of moles of the solute present in 1 L of solution.
The sodium hydroxide solution, which has a molarity of 0.2789 M is
0.2789 / 0.1379 = 2.022
times more concentrated than the hydrochloric acid solution, which has a molarity of 0.1379 M. In other words, for the same volume of both solutions, the sodium hydroxide solution contains 2.022 times more moles of solute than the hydrochloric acid solution.
Since the sodium hydroxide solution has a volume of 10.0mL, it follows that the volume of hydrochloric acid needed will be
[tex]V_{HCl}[/tex] = 2.022 × 10.0
= 20.22 mL
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how many particles is 18.44 liters of chlorine gas at stp?
A patient has the following volumes of distribution:
deuterium oxide: 42 liters
inulin: 13 liters
Evans blue: 2.8 liters
Her plasma shows a freezing point depression of 0.55 degrees C. For an ideal solution, a 1 OsM solution depresses the freezing point 1.86 degrees C.
1. What is the osmolarity of her body fluids? --> 0.295
2. How much solute (osmoles) exists in each of the above compartments?
Using the data above as the initial conditions in each case, determine the effects of the following procedures on the water and solute in the ECF and ICF after equilibrium has occurred. You should be able to give the numerical values for volume and osmolarity of the ECF and ICF. Briefly explain your rationale for solving each problem. (Treat each solution below as a separate problem; do not make them additive.)
Use #2 as a starting chart for the rest of the problems. Go back to #2 as a start chart for #3-8 (each question is an independent scenario; do not make them additive).
3. Patient ingests 1 L of water, which is absorbed totally from the digestive tract.
4. Patient ingests 0.18 moles of NaCl, all of which is absorbed into the body. Use dissociation constant of 2 for NaCl in all problems.
5. Patient receives an intravenous infusion of 2 L of 0.9% NaCl solution .
We are given information about a patient's body fluids and their volumes of distribution, as well as their osmolarity. We are then asked to calculate the effects of different scenarios on the water and solute levels in the patient's ECF (Extracellular Fluid) and ICF (Intracellular Fluid).
The osmolarity of a patient's body fluid is a measure of the total concentration of solute particles in the fluid and is calculated in osmoles per litre (OsM). To calculate the osmolarity, we multiply the concentration of each solute by its corresponding volume of distribution and then sum the results. In this case, the osmolarity of the patient's body fluid is 0.295 OsM.
To determine the amount of solute (osmoles) in each compartment, we multiply the osmolarity by the volume of distribution for each compartment. For the deuterium oxide, there are 42 litres * 0.295 OsM = 12.39 osmoles. For inulin, there are 13 litres * 0.295 OsM = 3.785 osmoles. For Evans blue, there are 2.8 litres * 0.295 OsM = 0.82 osmoles.
When the patient ingests 1 L of water, the total volume of ECF increases, but the osmolarity remains the same. This means that the volume of ICF decreases to maintain the osmotic balance. Therefore, the volume of ECF increases to 43 litres, while the volume of ICF decreases to 11 litres. The osmolarity of both compartments remains the same at 0.295 OsM.
When the patient ingests 0.18 moles of NaCl, the NaCl dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions will move freely between the ECF and ICF to maintain osmotic balance. Since the ECF has a larger volume, most of the ions will end up in the ECF, causing its osmolarity to increase. Therefore, the volume of ECF remains the same, but its osmolarity increases to 0.6 OsM. The volume of ICF decreases to 11 litres, and its osmolarity decreases to 0.09 OsM.
When the patient receives an intravenous infusion of 2 L of 0.9% NaCl solution, the volume of ECF increases, and its osmolarity increases. The volume of ECF increases to 45 litres, and its osmolarity increases to 1.095 OsM. The volume of ICF decreases to 9 litres, and its osmolarity decreases to 0.07 OsM.
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If the actual yield of a reaction is 50 g and the theoretical yield is 60 g. What is the percent yield?
A. 60%
B. 83.3%
C. 25%
D. 50%
According to the information provided, the percent yield of the reaction is 83.3%.
What is percent yield?Percent yield is defined as the ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield multiplied by 100. If the actual and theoretical yield are same then the percent yield is 100%.If actual yield is less than the theoretical yield then the percent yield is less than 100%.Reason of this condition arising is the incompletion of reaction or loss of sample during recovery process.
In cases where percent yield is over 100% it indicates that more sample is recovered than the predicted amount.The percent yield for the given reaction is 50/60×100= 83.3 %.
Thus, the percent yield of the reaction is 83.3%.
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what is teh ph of .5 m solution of sidiumbisulfate
The pH of a 0.5 M solution of sodium bisulfate ([tex]NAHSO_{4}[/tex]) is approximately 1.
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, with a pH of 7 considered neutral, a pH less than 7 considered acidic, and a pH greater than 7 considered basic. The pH is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution.
Sodium bisulfate ([tex]NAHSO_{4}[/tex]) is a strong acid, meaning that it dissociates completely in water to form hydrogen ions (H+) and sulfate ions ([tex]SO_{4} ^{2-}[/tex]). The concentration of hydrogen ions in a 0.5 M solution of sodium bisulfate is equal to the concentration of the bisulfate ions, meaning that the pH of the solution would be around 1.
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what mass in grams of glucose (mm = 180.2 g/mol) would need to be dissolved in 100.0 g of water to decrease the vapor pressure of the solution to 22.0 torr? (p° of water is 23.5 torr)
The vapor pressure of a solution is the pressure exerted by the vapor above the solution. The vapor pressure of a solution depends on the concentration of the solute in the solution. The lower the vapor pressure, the more concentrated the solution is.
Explanation:
In order to decrease the vapor pressure of a solution to 22.0 torr, we need to find the amount of glucose that needs to be dissolved in 100.0 g of water. We can use the relation between the vapor pressure of the solution and the concentration of the solute in the solution to solve this problem.
The vapor pressure of a solution is proportional to the mole fraction of the solute in the solution. The mole fraction of a solute in a solution is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the total number of moles of solute and solvent in the solution.
Let's call the mole fraction of glucose in the solution x. Then, the mole fraction of water in the solution is 1 - x. The vapor pressure of the solution is given by:
P = P° H2O x + P° glucose (1 - x)
where P° H2O is the vapor pressure of pure water (23.5 torr) and P° glucose is the vapor pressure of pure glucose (which is negligible compared to the vapor pressure of water).
We know that the vapor pressure of the solution is 22.0 torr and the mole fraction of glucose in the solution is x. So, we can write:
22 = 23.5 x + 0 (1 - x)
Simplifying the above equation, we get:
22 = 23.5 x
x = 22/23.5 = 0.939
The mole fraction of glucose in the solution is 0.939. This means that 0.939 moles of glucose are present in 1.939 moles of glucose and water in the solution.
We know that the mass of water in the solution is 100.0 g. So, we can calculate the number of moles of water in the solution as:
n = m/M
where m is the mass of water in the solution, M is the molar mass of water (18.02 g/mol), and n is the number of moles of water in the solution.
n = 100.0/18.02 = 5.551 moles
The number of moles of glucose in the solution is given by:
n = 0.939 x n
n = 0.939 x 5.551 = 5.20 moles
Finally, the mass of glucose in the solution is given by:
m = n x M
where M is the molar mass of glucose (180.2 g/mol).
m = 5.20 x 180.2 = 939.44 g
Thus, 939.44 g of glucose would need to be dissolved in 100.0 g of water to decrease the vapor pressure of the solution to 22.0 torr.
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how many subsets does [n] have that contain exactly one of the elements 1 and 2?
[n] has 2 subsets that contain exactly one of the elements 1 and 2. These subsets are {1} and {2}.
What are subsets?A subset is a collection of elements from a larger set, such that all elements of the subset are also elements of the larger set. Every set is considered a subset of itself. In other words, a subset is a smaller set that is fully contained within a larger set.
For example, consider the set A = {1, 2, 3}. The subsets of A are:
The empty set, denoted as {} or Ø, is a subset of A (since every element of Ø is also an element of A)
{1} is a subset of A
{2} is a subset of A
{3} is a subset of A
{1, 2} is a subset of A
{1, 3} is a subset of A
{2, 3} is a subset of A
{1, 2, 3} is a subset of A, and is equal to A itself.
So, in total, there are 2³ = 8 subsets of A.
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True or False: Write T if the statement is correct, and F if the statement
is false on the blank provided.
1. The motion of the electrons in the Rutherford model was stable.
2. The energy of an electron depends on the size of the orbit and is
lower for smaller orbits.
3. The magnitude of the wavefunction at a particular point in space is
inversely proportional to the amplitude of the wave at that point.
4. The azimuthal quantum number (l)tells the average relative distance
of an electron from the nucleus
5. The Magnetic quantum number (ml
) describes the orientation of the
region in space occupied by an electron with respect to an applied
magnetic field.
1. The motion of the electrons in the Rutherford model was stable. F
2. The energy of an electron depends on the size of the orbit and is lower for smaller orbits. T
What is the Rutherford model ?The model depicted the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, and around which the light, negative constituents known as electrons circulate at some distance, similar to planets revolving around the Sun.
3. The magnitude of the wave function at a particular point in space is inversely proportional to the amplitude of the wave at that point. F
4. The azimuthal quantum number (l)tells the average relative distance of an electron from the nucleus. T
5. The Magnetic quantum number (ml) describes the orientation of the region in space occupied by an electron with respect to an applied magnetic field. F
Thus, The motion of the electrons in the Rutherford model was not stable.
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HELP ASAP
Phytoplankton play an important role in the carbon cycle because
a- photosynthesis by phytoplankton removes carbon from the atmosphere
B- they convert carbon dioxide to methane
C- they eat animals that have stored carbon
Phytoplankton play an important role in the carbon cycle because A. photosynthesis by phytoplankton removes carbon from the atmosphere
What is Phytoplankton?Phytoplankton, which is microscopic aquatic plants, play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. They perform photosynthesis, which is the process of using light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter.
This process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and converts it into biomass, which can then be used by other organisms or eventually sink to the ocean floor and is buried, removing carbon from the active carbon cycle.
Thus, phytoplankton plays an important role in regulating the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and mitigating the effects of climate change.
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Atomic mass of oxygen is_________
a.17
b.18
c.16
d.1
Atomic mass of oxygen is 16.
What is Atomic mass?
Atomic mass is the mass of an atom of a chemical element, expressed as the relative mass of a single atom of the element. It is the total mass of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the nucleus of an atom, and is usually expressed in atomic mass units (amu). Atomic mass is an important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of an element, and is used in many calculations related to atomic structure, reactions, and physical and chemical properties of materials. It is also a measure of the total energy of an atom, and is related to the mass-energy equivalence of Einstein's Theory of Relativity. Atomic mass is determined by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, and is affected slightly by the number of electrons in the atom.
Therefpre, Atomic mass of oxygen is 16.
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What is Carbon Tetrachloride?
Tetra chlorocarbon Carbon tournament is a colorless, non-flammable liquid with a strong, pleasant smell. Prior to 1970, both commercial and domestic usage of carbon tet as a cleaning agent was common.
What is the popular term for carbon tetrachloride?The chemical compound known as carbon tetrachloride has the chemical formula CCl4. It is also referred to by several other names, including tetrachloromethane, which is also recognized by the IUPAC, graphite tet in the cleaning business, Halon-104 in firefighters, and Refrigerant-10 in HVACR.
What is an example of carbon tetrachloride?Tetrachloromethane, commonly known as carbon tetrachloride, is a colorless, thick, very poisonous liquid that is volatile and nonflammable. It is a member of the family of chemical halogen compounds and is mostly used to make dichlorodifluoromethane, a refrigerant chemical propellant.
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Which statement about solubility isnot true?
A) No additional solute will dissolve in a saturated solution.
B) A supersaturated solution is unstable.
C) Solubility of ionic solids increases greatly with temperature.
D) In a solution containing excess solute, an equilibrium exists between dissolved and undissolved solute.
E) The solubility of substances is measured as g solute/100 mL solvent.
C) 'Solubility of ionic solids increases greatly with temperature' is an incorrect statement about solubility. When a dissolving reaction is exothermic, the solubility may drop as the temperature rises.
The maximum quantity of a chemical that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature is referred to as its solubility. When a solute dissolves in a solution, heat energy is released in an exothermic process. More heat enters the system as the temperature rises. The system will adapt to this extra heat energy by stifling the dissolving process in accordance with Le Chatelier's Principle.
For instance, a water-sodium hydroxide solution. The process is endothermic if the energy needed to break the bonds is more than the energy released upon the creation of the solute-solvent bond. An illustration of an endothermic process Ammonium chloride solution in water.
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Consider the solutions: 0. 04 m acetone [(ch3)2c=o)], 0. 04 m agno3 and 0. 04 m cacl2, which has (i) the highest osmotic pressure, (ii) the lowest vapor pressure, (iii) the highest boiling point?.
Considering the solutions: 0. 04 m acetone [(ch3)2c=o)], 0. 04 m agno3 and 0. 04 m cacl2,
The highest osmotic pressure is 0.04m acetoneThe lowest vapor pressure is 0.04m acetoneThe highest boiling point 0.04 CaCl₂The osmotic pressure is the least amount of pressure that must be applied to a solution in order to block the passage of the solution's pure solvent through a semipermeable membrane.
Reducing the amount of solvent molecules that escape into the vapour phase also reduces the pressure that the vapour phase exerts. This is referred to as a relative decrease in vapor pressure.
Any material's boiling point is the temperature at which it changes from the liquid phase into the gas phase. For water, this occurs at 100 degrees Celsius.
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Using dash–wedge notation to designate stereochemistry, draw (R)-pentane-1,2-diol.
Draw the structure of (2R,5S)-2-chloro-5-methylheptanal. Be sure to add all bonds to the stereocenters (including bonds to hydrogen).Using dash–wedge notation to designate stereochemistry.
Please explain the answers and I will rate accordingly.
The stereoisomers of 2-chloro-5-methyl heptane Iis in the 2 chloro 5 methyl hectare.
In stereochemistry, stereoisomerism, or spatial isomerism, is a form of isomerism wherein molecules have an equal molecular method and series of bonded atoms, however, fluctuate inside the 3-dimensional orientations in their atoms in area.
Stereoisomers are isomers that fluctuate inside the spatial arrangement of atoms, in preference to the order of atomic connectivity. one in every of their most exciting sort of isomers is the replicate-image stereoisomer, a non-superimposable set of molecules that are a replicate image of one another. Stereoisomers are isomeric molecules with identical chemical formulas but exceptional atomic arrangements. for this reason, they own similar chemical and physical homes.
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is rusting an irreversible or reversible change explain you're answer
Answer:rusting is irreversible because the oxygen in the air reacts with the material and causes a chemical reaction
Explanation:
its not reversible because nothing you can do will make it bring back the material besides like rust treatment which a body shop does and they have to add material back to the spot
How to Calculate an Effective Nuclear Charge ?
To Calculate an Effective Nuclear Charge is mentioned below.
What is nuclear charge?
All of the protons' combined charges make up the nuclear charge. Since effective nuclear charge considers all electron behavior, regardless of whether they are part of the valence shell or the inner shell, it should be used instead of nuclear charge.
What is charge?
A charged particle's ability to start an action or move an item is known as electrical energy. Electrical energy is produced as a result of electrons moving between atoms. Electrical energy is used to operate appliances like toasters and phone chargers every time you put them into a wall socket.
The net positive charge felt by the valence electrons is the effective nuclear charge. Zeff = Z - S, where Z is the atomic number and S is the quantity of shielding electrons, is an equation that can be used to calculate it roughly. Every element has a valence shell, which is its outermost shell.
Therefore, to Calculate an Effective Nuclear Charge is mentioned above.
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he chemical formula for barium hydroxide is: how many oxygen atoms are in each formula unit of barium hydroxide?
The number of oxygen atoms are in each formula unit of barium hydroxide are two.
We have a barium hydroxide chemical compound which is made up of one atom of barium, two atoms of hydrogen, and two atoms of oxygen. The chemical or molecular formula of Barium Hydroxide is Ba(OH)₂. The chemical formula always helps to determine the ratio of elements present in it . Here, in one mole of barium hydroxide has one mole of barium atom, two mole of hydrogen atoms and two mole of oxygen atoms. Hence, the number of oxygen atoms in one unit of barium hydroxide is 2.
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Complete question:
The chemical formula for barium hydroxide is: Ba(OH)₂. how many oxygen atoms are in each formula unit of barium hydroxide?
What is the molecular mass of glucose C6H12O6 molecule ?
180 u is the molecular mass of glucose C6H12O6 molecule
What is molecular mass ?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, defined as its atomic or molecular mass in grams. It is defined as the number of units (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in a substance that contains the same number of units as 12 grams of pure carbon-12. The molar mass of a substance is important because it provides a conversion factor between the mass of a substance and the number of moles of a substance, allowing chemical reactions and composition of compounds to be more easily calculated. Molar mass can be calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule of a substance. For example, the molar mass of water (H2O) is 18.015 g/mol. This means that 1 mole of water weighs 18.015 grams .
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Which processes have a negative enthalpy change?I. 2CH3OH(l) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)II. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)III. H2O(g) → H2O(l)A. I and II onlyB. I and III onlyC. II and III onlyD. I, II and III
The processes have a negative enthalpy change, the correct option is D. I, II and III.
I) 2CH₃OH(l) + 3O₂(g) ---> 2CO₂(g) + 4H₂O(l)
Enthalpy change = ∑product - ∑reactant
Enthalpy change = ( 2(-395.5) + 4( -285.8) - 2 (-238.4)
Enthalpy change = -1280 kJ = -ve
II) HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) ----> NaCl(aq) + H₂O(l)
Enthalpy change = ∑product - ∑reaction
Enthalpy change = - ve
II) H₂O(g) ---> H₂O(l)
Enthalpy change = ∑product - ∑reactant
Enthalpy change = - 285.8 - ( -238.4)
Enthalpy change = - ve
Thus, all the value of the change in the enthalpy is negative.
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Trixie Bell is a yearling goat. She consumes 0. 75 lb of grain and 4. 25 lbs of hay daily.
14% of the grain is digestible protein, but only 2. 5% of the hay is digestible protein.
How many grams of protein does Trixie Bell consume daily?
Trixie Bell consumes 96.28 g of protein daily.
First, let's calculate the amount of protein in the grain Trixie Bell consumes daily. If 0.75 lb of grain contains 14% digestible protein, that means 0.75 lb x 14% = 0.105 lb of protein in the grain.
Next, let's calculate the amount of protein in the hay Trixie Bell consumes daily. If 4.25 lbs of hay contain 2.5% digestible protein, that means 4.25 lbs x 2.5% = 0.10625 lb of protein in the hay.
Finally, let's add up the amount of protein in both the grain and hay to find the total amount of protein Trixie Bell consumes daily. So, 0.105 lb + 0.10625 lb = 0.2125 lb of protein daily.
To convert pounds to grams, we multiply by 453.59: 0.2125 lb x 453.59 g/lb = 96.28 g of protein daily.
Therefore, Trixie Bell consumes 96.28 g of protein daily.
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FILL IN THE BLANK. because neurons are full of proteins that tend to be _______ charged, they tend to attract _______ charged ions.
Because neurons are full of proteins that tend to be negatively charged, they tend to attract positively charged ions.
The interior of neurons is filled with a variety of proteins that have a negative charge. This negatively charged environment tends to attract positively charged ions, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions. The movement of these ions across the cell membrane and into the interior of the neuron is an important aspect of neuronal signaling and communication.
In neurons, the movement of positively charged ions is regulated by ion channels and pumps, which control the flow of ions in and out of the cell. This regulation is critical for maintaining the resting potential of the neuron and for transmitting signals along the length of the neuron. For example, when an electrical signal reaches the end of a neuron, the ion channels there open, allowing positively charged ions to flow into the cell. This creates a change in the electrical potential of the neuron that triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which can then activate other neurons or target cells.
In summary, the negatively charged environment inside neurons attracts positively charged ions, which play a crucial role in neuronal signaling and communication.
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Examples of reactions that are always or never spontaneous
Examples of the process that are always spontaneous: Combustion of fuel
Examples of the process that are never spontaneous: Photosynthesis
Formation of fuel from CO2 and water
Forming diamonds from coal
Which reaction is spontaneous and non-spontaneous?
Processes have a natural tendency to go in one direction under certain conditions.Spontaneous processes are processes that occur naturally under certain conditions.
A non spontaneous processes, on the other hand, occur only when they are "driven" by a continuous supply of energy from outside.
A process that is never spontaneous
All processes that do not occur spontaneously have in common a positive change in enthalpy ΔH and a negative change in entropy ΔS.
The Gibbs free energy is calculated as ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, so if ΔH is positive and TΔS is negative, ΔG is always positive and the reaction will not occur spontaneously.
For example:
PhotosynthesisFormation of fuel from CO2 and waterForming diamonds from coalAlways a spontaneous process
All spontaneous processes have in common that they have a negative change in enthalpy ΔH and a positive change in entropy ΔS.
Since the Gibbs free energy is calculated by the formula ΔG = ΔH − TΔS, ΔG is always negative and the reaction is always spontaneous if ΔH is negative and TΔS is positive.
For example: Combustion of fuel
Hence, Examples of the process that are always spontaneous: Combustion of fuel
Examples of the process that are never spontaneous: Photosynthesis, Formation of fuel from CO2 and water, Forming diamonds from coal.
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Molar mass of ethanol (C 2H 5OH) is:(Atomic masses: C = 12 u, H = 1 u, O = 16 u)
Alcohol CH3CH2OH has a molar mass of 46.07 (molecular masses: Carbon = 12 u, H = One u, and O = 16 u).
Who or what is CH3CH2OH?Alcohols are a class of chemical compounds that include substances like ethanol, CH3CH2OH, which has a hydroxyl group, or -OH, attached to a carbon atom. A chemical molecule called ethanol is combustible and colorless. It is present in alcoholic beverages.
How many atoms make up a ch3ch2oh molecule?A The three various ways that the molecular formula for ethanol can be written—CH3CH2OH (which shows the existence of an ester bond, CH3CH2 and an OH group), C2H5OH and C2H6O—all reveal that the compound contains carbon - carbon double bonds, six hydrogen, and one oxygen atom.
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a set of three nucleophilic displacement reactions is shown below: which reaction (a, b, or c) proceeds the fastest? which reaction (a, b, or c) proceeds the slowest? submit answer
Reaction C would likely proceed the fastest, as H2O is a very strong nucleophile, capable of reacting quickly with the substrate. Reaction A would likely proceed the slowest, as NN=OH is a weaker nucleophile than H2O and is less likely to react quickly with the substrate.
In nucleophilic substitution reactions, the rate of the reaction depends on the stability of the substrate, the strength of the nucleophile, and the ability of the leaving group to leave. In general, the reaction rate increases as the nucleophile strength increases and the leaving group ability decreases.
Given the three reactions:
A. CH2=CH2 + Br- → CH2=CHBr- + H+ (NN=OH is the nucleophile)
B. CH2=CH-CO2- + H2O → CH2=CHOH + CO32- (N=CH2 is the nucleophile)
C. CH2=CH2 + H2O → CH2=CHOH + H3O+ (N=H2O is the nucleophile)
Reaction C would likely proceed the fastest, as H2O is a very strong nucleophile, capable of reacting quickly with the substrate. Reaction A would likely proceed the slowest, as NN=OH is a weaker nucleophile than H2O and is less likely to react quickly with the substrate. The rate of reaction B would likely fall in between A and C, as the nucleophile N=CH2 is moderately strong. However, without more information on the reaction conditions and the specific reactants involved, it is difficult to say for certain which reaction would be the fastest or slowest.
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Expt. 6.2: To determine the molar concentration of a basic solution Procedure: 1. A is a solution of acid containing 1.3 g of H₂SO4 in 250 cm³ of the solution. 2. Titrate 25 cm³ of portion of solution B [NaOH solution] against the acid solution. 3. Using methyl orange as indicator: the average volume of acid used is 18.75 cm³. Determine: 4. a. Molar concentration of the base solution. b. Concentration of hydroxyl ion in g per 250 cm³ of the solution. c. Mass of sodium tetraoxosulphate [VI] formed, if 250 cm³ of the base is completely neutralized. (Given H = 1, 0 = 16, S = 32, Na = 23.) 12 |
a) The molarity of base is 0.0795 Mol/dm^3
b) The Concentration of hydroxyl ion in g per 250 cm³ of the solution is 19.9 g
c) Mass of sodium tetraoxosulphate [VI] formed is 0.21 g
What is the molar concentration?If we have that;
1.3 g of the acid is contained in the 250 cm³ solution
x is contained in the 1000 cm³ solution
x = 5.2 g/dm^3
Molar concentration of the acid = 5.2 g/dm^3/ 98 g/mol
= 0053 mol/dm^3
Then we have that;
CAVA/CBVB = NA/NB
Thus;
CAVANB = CBVBNA
CB = CAVANB/VBNA
CB = 0053 * 18.75 * 2/25 * 1
CB = 0.0795 Mol/dm^3
b) Concentration in gg per 250 cm³ of the solution = 0.0795 Mol/dm^3 * 1 dm^3 * 250cm^3
= 19.9 g
Number of moles of the acid = 0.0795 Mol/dm^3 * 18.75 /1000 L
= 1.49 * 10^-3 moles
c) If 1 mole of the acid yields 1 mole of the salt 1.49 * 10^-3 moles
Then the mass of the salt = 1.49 * 10^-3 moles * 142 g/mol
= 0.21 g
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Which of the following is not a pure substance?
A. Aerated water
B. Carbon Dioxide
C. Oxygen
D. Zinc
The substance that is not a pure substance is the correct option is A. Aerated water.
A pure substance with the single kind of the atom is known as the element, and it cannot be broken into the two or more simple substances. The pure substance with the combination of the two or the more elements are the compounds. The substances which contain the two or more substances together is called as mixture.
Thus, aerated water is not the pure substance. The carbon dioxide is the compound and the oxygen and the zinc are the purest form of the element.
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Calculate the molality of an aqueous solution that is 6. 2% by mass calcium chloride. You might need to know that the density is 1. 18 g/ml.
The molality of an aqueous solution that is 6.2% by mass calcium chloride with 1.18 g/mL density is 0.0528 mol/kg.
To calculate the molality of an aqueous solution of calcium chloride, we need to know the mass of solute (calcium chloride) in the solution and the mass of solvent (water) in the solution.
First, let's convert the concentration from percentage by mass to grams of solute per kilogram of solvent:
6.2% = 6.2 g/100 g = 0.062 g/g = 0.062 g/1000 g = 0.062 g/kg
Next, we need to determine the mass of water in the solution. We can use the density of the solution to do this. Assuming the volume of the solution is 1 mL, we have:
mass of water = volume * density = 1 mL * 1.18 g/mL = 1.18 g
Finally, we can use the mass of solute and mass of solvent to calculate the molality:
molality = moles of solute / kilograms of solvent = 0.062 g / 1.18 g = 0.0528 mol/kg (rounded to four decimal places)
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How many atoms are in 2 moles of Ca
Mole is a unit of measurement used to measure the amount of a chemical substance, with 1 mole containing 6.022 x 1023 atoms, or 1.204 x 1024 atoms.
What is a mole?A mole is a unit of measurement in chemistry that is used to determine the quantity of a chemical. It is described as the quantity of a material containing the same number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, and so on) as there are atoms in 12 grammes of carbon-12.
2 moles of Ca have 2 x 6.022 x 1023 atoms. This is due to the fact that the mole (mol) is a unit of measurement used to determine the quantity of a chemical compound. 1 mol of a material corresponds to 6.022 x 1023 atoms of that substance. As a result, 2 moles of Ca contain 2 x 6.022 x 1023 atoms, or 1.204 x 1024 atoms.
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