Some help on these questions would be awesome:
1) An 88 g sample of carbon dioxide is found to contain 24g of carbon and 64g of oxygen. What is the percentage by mass of all elements? Give answers to the nearest whole number.

3) A 57 g sample of sodium carbonate reportedly contains 25g of sodium, 18g of carbon and 20g of oxygen. Do you accept this analysis? Explain why or why not.

5) Pink gold contains 75% gold, 20% copper and 5% silver by mass. Determine the mass of each metal in a pink gold necklace that weighs 20g.

6a) Carbon monoxide is 43% carbon by mass; nitrous oxide is 30% nitrogen by mass. For both gases, the remainder is oxygen. In a mixture containing 5g of each gas, what is the mass of oxygen present?

6b) A 5g sample of carbon monoxide is mixed with 4g of nitrous oxide and 3 g of sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide is 50% sulfur by mass, the balance is oxygen. What is the percentage by mass of oxygen and of sulfur present in the mixture? Use the mass compositions given in part a.​

The activation energy for the reaction in kJ/mol can be calculated from the slope of the best-fit line for the graph.

The equation for calculating the activation energy is: Ea = -slope x R, where R is the ideal gas constant. Plugging in the slope of -4755 K and the ideal gas constant of 8.314 J/mol K gives an activation energy of -39,092 kJ/mol.

The activation energy of a reaction is an important factor in determining the rate at which the reaction occurs. It is typically measured in kJ/mol and is the minimum amount of energy required for the reaction to take place. The higher the activation energy, the slower the reaction will be.

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13.2 moles of copper are in 8 x 10^24 atoms of copper.

What does Avogadro's number mean?

We may determine the number of particles in 1 mole (or mol) of a substance using Avogadro's number. These particles can be atoms, molecules, or electrons. Avogadro's number is equivalent to around 6.022140857*10^23 mol1. Depending on the substance and the nature of the reaction, the units could be electrons, atoms, ions, or molecules.

The ratio of a substance's given mass in a chemical reaction to the mass of one mole of that material is the number of moles of that substance. A mole of any substance is equal to 6.023 *10^23, or Avogadro's number. Additionally, it is employed to express concentration measurements like mole per litre and molecular weight.

No of moles of copper will be 8*10^24 / 6.023*10^23

i.e. 13.2 moles of copper

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The entropy change of the reaction at 298K and 1 atm pressure is -198.7 J/K. This is calculated by subtracting the entropy of the reactants (191.5 + 130.6 = 322.1 J/K) from the entropy of the products (192.3 J/K), resulting in a change in entropy of -198.7 J/K.

The entropy change of a reaction is an important thermodynamic property that can be used to determine the spontaneity of a process. Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system, and a reaction's entropy change is the difference between the entropy of the reactants and the entropy of the products. Generally, an exothermic reaction (in which more energy is released than is required for activation) will have a negative entropy change, indicating a decrease in disorder.

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Based on its caffeine concentration, the number of soda cans that would be lethal for the person drinking the soda is 131 cans of soda.

Caffeine toxicity produces symptoms such as:

Headache, dizziness, anxiety, agitation, trembling, tingling in the perioral region and in the extremities, disorientation, psychosis, and seizures are all symptoms of the central nervous system (CNS).

The mass of caffeine in a drinking can of soda is 3.91 mg/oz * 12 = 46.92

The number of cans of soda that will contain 10.0 g of caffeine is calculated as follows:

10.0 g of caffeine = 10 * 1000 mg

10.0 g of caffeine = 10000 mg

The number of cans that will be lethal = 10000 / 46.92

The number of cans that will be lethal = 213 cans of soda

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In most body fluids, the pH is around 7.4, which is slightly basic. At this pH, the functional group that will lose a proton (H+) is the acidic functional group, such as a carboxylic acid (-COOH) or a sulfonic acid (-SO3H). These functional groups are protonated at a low pH, meaning they have a hydrogen ion (H+) attached to them.

When the pH increases to 7.4, the H+ ion will detach from the acidic functional group, resulting in the formation of a negatively charged species called the conjugate base.On the other hand, the basic functional group, such as an amine (-NH2), will tend to accept a proton (H+) at a pH of 7.4. This will result in the formation of a positively charged species called the protonated amine.

It's important to note that the pH of body fluids can vary in different parts of the body, and the precise pKa values of specific functional groups can also affect their behavior. Additionally, the specific chemical environment and the presence of other compounds can also influence the protonation of functional groups in body fluids

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Total 5×10²¹ molecules of C₂H₆ are present in a sample of ethane which contain 3.00 x 10²² atoms of hydrogen.

We have a sample of ethane. Number of hydrogen atoms contain in C₂H₆ = 3.00 x 10²² atoms. Let us consider a reaction,

C₂H₆ → 2C+ 6H

From the equation, there is two carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms. That means one molecule of ethane contains six hydrogen atoms. Six H-atoms are present in the no. of molecules of C₂H₆

= 1 molecule

3.00 x10²², H-atoms are present in the no. of molecules of C₂H₆= (3x10²²)/6 molecule

= 0.5×102²² molecule

= 5 × 10²¹ molecule

Hence, required number of molecules are 5×10²¹ molecule.

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Spectator ions are dissolved ions present in double replacement reactions which produce a precipitate that are not part of the precipitate.The spectator ions in the redox reaction are Na+ and NO₃⁻.

A spectator ion is an ion that is present in solution both before and after a chemical reaction but does not participate in it. The net ionic equation is a chemical equation that only depicts the elements, compounds, and ions that are directly involved in the chemical reaction.

When NaCl and AgNO3 aqueous solutions are combined, four different ions move around in the water. They are the ions Na+, Cl-, Ag+, and NO3 -.

Thus, The spectator ions in the redox reaction are Na+ and NO₃⁻.

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Yes, as all of these compounds are covalent since they are not conductive.

Based on the information provided by the students, it is not possible to determine whether the compounds are ionic or covalent by solely examining their conductivity. The students tested the conductivity of the compounds in their solid form, but the conductivity of a compound does not necessarily indicate its type of bonding. Ionic compounds can be conductive in an aqueous solution, but not in their pure solid form, while covalent compounds are typically not conductive in either form. The fact that none of the compounds are conductive in the students' experiment does not mean that they are covalent. To determine the type of bonding in a compound, other factors such as chemical formula, crystal structure, and electronegativity difference between the elements must be considered.

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It is important to allow the sterilized inoculating loop to cool the before attempting to sample liquid culture is to avoid the killing the microorganisms.

It is always important to cool the inoculating loop before  obtaining the  bacterial sample due to the high heat in the loop could kill the bacteria if  they touch our loop. The Bacteria will might be the versatile in the nature, but they cannot be handle the 400 ° hot metal loop.

If we pick up the organism with the hot tool, the cells is to be killed. To the cool loop or the needle fast, place on section of the agar that will uninoculated and at least different from the area .

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The customer used 4,932,190,000 joules in July. This can be calculated by multiplying 1kWh (3.60 x 10^6 J) by the number of kWh used (1373 kWh), which equals 4,932,190,000 J.

The amount of energy that is consumed is determined by the amount of electricity used. 1 kilowatt hour (kWh) is equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) of energy. This means that for every kWh consumed, 3.6 MJ of energy is used. This energy can be used to power a variety of appliances and devices, from lights to air conditioners and more. The amount of energy that is consumed is also affected by the efficiency of the appliances and devices being used.

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55.845 g/mol of the mass of cans in the box we brought had a mass of 23kg. 411.74 mol moles we have.

To determine the number of moles of tin cans you have, we need to know the molar mass of the metal that the cans are made of. Tin cans are usually made of steel, which is an alloy made primarily of iron and carbon, with small amounts of other elements.

To convert the mass of the cans (23 kg) to moles, we need to use the following formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

moles = 23,000 g / 55.845 g/mol = 411.74 mol

Therefore, the number of moles of iron in the 23 kg of tin cans is approximately 411.74 mol.

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A solid precipitate containing phosphorus develops when sodium phosphate and magnesium chloride are combined as aqueous solutions. Aqueous sodium phosphate is combined with aqueous MgCl.

Phosphorus is a relatively extensively distributed element, ranking 12th in terms of abundance in the crust of the Earth, where it contributes roughly 0.10 weight percent. One of its atoms exists for every normal silicon atom in the cosmos. Due to its great chemical reactivity, it cannot exist in a free state (except in a few meteorites). The phosphate ion is the only way that phosphorus may exist. The phosphate salts are the primary combination forms in nature. Apatites, which have the chemical formula [Ca10(PO4)6(F, Cl, or OH)2], are the main source of phosphorus among the about 550 distinct minerals that have been found to contain the element. Apatites include calcium ions, phosphate ions, and varying amounts of fluoride, chloride, or hydroxide ions.

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The complete question is:

When aqueous solutions of sodium phosphate and magnesium chloride are mixed together, a solid precipitate forms that contains phosphorus.

All of the following are ways in which fatty acids can differ from one another except chain length and degree of saturation.

Fatty acids can be classified according to the length of their chain, for example, in short (if it has less than 8 carbons), medium (between 8-12 carbons), long (between 12-18 carbons) and very long (if it has less than 18 carbons); they are also classified according to their degree of unsaturation, in saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated; and according to the isomerism in cis and trans fatty acids.

A fatty acid is different from others in various ways. Some examples are as double bonds they have, saturation level how long a fatty acid chain is.

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According to the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation for formation of sodium hydroxide the  mass of hydrogen gas  produced from complete reaction of 2.00 g of sodium metal with excess water is 0.086 g.

It is the determination of proportions of elements or compounds in a chemical reaction. The related relations are based on law of conservation of mass and law of combining weights and volumes.

Stoichiometry is used in quantitative analysis for measuring concentrations of substances present in the sample.

In the given chemical equation, 46 g sodium gives 2 g  hydrogen , thus 2 g sodium gives 2×2/46=0.086 g.

Thus,the mass of hydrogen gas  produced from complete reaction of 2.00 g of sodium metal with excess water is 0.086 g.

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A real-life situation where multiplication and division of polynomials needs to be solved could be the following:

Tom is a carpenter and he needs to calculate the volume of a cuboid-shaped object he is constructing. The object has a length of 5x^2 + 6x - 2, a width of 3x - 2, and a height of 4x + 1. Tom needs to calculate the total volume of the object and rate his work with the rubric provided.

The volume of the object can be calculated by multiplying the length, width, and height together:

(5x^2 + 6x - 2)(3x - 2)(4x + 1)

The total volume can be simplified to 60x^3 + 4x^2 - 18x - 10. Tom can then use the rubric provided to rate his work.

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The Rutherford Experiment showed that the bulk of atom was concentrated in a tiny nucleus.

The Rutherford Experiment was an experiment conducted by Ernest Rutherford in 1909, in which he bombarded a thin sheet of gold foil with alpha particles ( helium nuclei).

The experiment showed that the bulk of the atom was concentrated in a tiny nucleus, which was composed of positively charged particles, while the vast majority of the atom was empty space. This was contrary to the then prevailing belief that the atoms were solid and homogeneous.

The experiment also showed that the nuclear charge was constant, something that was later confirmed by other experiments.

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The correct question is-

What showed the Rutherford experiment ?

When a parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, with no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings, this situation is called d. Adiabatic.

Temperature adjustments in each ascending and descending air parcels arise with none sizable warmth alternate among the encompassing surroundings and the vertically shifting parcel of air. The warming and cooling costs for a parcel of increasing or compressing air are termed adiabatic. An adiabatic technique is one in which no warmth is exchanged among an air parcel and the encompassing air. When we communicate approximately an adiabatic technique withinside the present day context we're speaking approximately a rising (or sinking) parcel of air that isn't always replacing any warmth with its surroundings.

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Barium sulfate is firstly precipitate because Ksp is less than Ksp of lead sulfate.

The solubility product (Ksp) is a constant obtained from the product of the concentrations of poorly soluble ions raised to the power of the ionization equilibrium reaction coefficient.

Ksp for barium sulfate = 1.1 x 10⁻¹⁰

Ksp for lead (ii) sulfate = 1.6 x 10⁻⁸

Reaction takes:

                          BaSO₄ → Ba²⁺ + SO₄²⁻

[SO₄²⁻] = Ksp/[BaSO₄]

[SO₄²⁻] = 1.1 x 10⁻¹⁰/0.30

[SO₄²⁻] = 3.7 x 10⁻¹⁰

Now

                            PbSO₄ → Pb²⁺ + SO₄²⁻

[SO₄²⁻] = Ksp/[Pb²⁺]

[SO₄²⁻] = 1.6 x 10⁻⁸/0.25

[SO₄²⁻] = 6.4 x 10⁻⁸

So according to the above calculation, we may Calculation: BaSO₄ will be the first precipitate that forms, and [SO₄²⁻] will reach 3.7 x 10⁻¹⁰ M before it reaches 6.4 x 10⁻⁸ M.

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The statement, "colligative properties depend only on solute concentration; the identity of the solute is not important" is true.

Generally, colligative properties are defined as the properties of solutions that depend only on the total number of soluble particles ( which includes molecules or ions), and not on nature of solute particles present in the solution are known as Colligative properties.

Alternatively also colligative properties of solutions can be defined as the properties that depend upon the concentration of solute molecules or ions, but not upon the identity of the solute. Colligative properties usually includes vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, and osmotic pressure.

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One can observe two ionization energy bands in the photoelectron spectra of potassium.

The number of ionization energy bands that can be found in photoelectron spectroscopy depends on the specific atom or molecule being studied, as well as the conditions under which the spectroscopy is performed.

For potassium, the most common form of photoelectron spectroscopy is X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which typically results in the observation of two ionization energy bands one corresponding to the removal of an electron from the 1s orbital and another corresponding to the removal of an electron from one of the higher-energy orbitals, such as the 2p or 2s orbitals.

It's worth noting that the number of ionization energy bands observed can be influenced by various factors, such as the level of energy resolution of the spectrometer and the presence of impurities or other chemical species in the sample. Additionally, the presence of spin-orbit coupling can give rise to additional, splitted peaks in the XPS spectra, which would increase the number of ionization energy bands observed.

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The lower vapor pressure results in a depressed freezing point. As a result, the graph shifts, and the triple point is lowered resulting in a lower melting point.

The boiling factor of a substance is the temperature at which the vapor stress of a liquid equals the stress surrounding the liquid and the liquid modifications right into a vapor. the warmth of vaporization is the energy required to convert a given amount (a mol, kg, pound, and so on.) of a substance from a liquid right into gasoline at a given pressure (frequently atmospheric stress).

The boiling point of a liquid varies consistent with the carried-out strain; the normal boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor stress is equal to the same old sea-stage atmospheric pressure (760 mm [29.92 inches] of mercury). At sea level, water boils at 100° C (212° F). The boiling factor of a natural substance is the temperature at which the substance transitions from a liquid to the gaseous phase.

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The process of physical weathering and erosion shape earth's landforms by decreasing the elevation of earths surface. Option B

Physical weathering, also known as mechanical weathering, is the breaking down of rocks, soils and minerals into smaller fragments due to physical processes such as freeze-thaw cycles, exfoliation, abrasion and salt crystal growth. These processes do not change the chemical composition of the material, but rather alter its physical structure and size.

This is one pf the ways that the rock can be able to break down.

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The quantity of solute molecules present in a given number of litres of solution, or moles per litre, is referred to as molarity, also known as molar concentration. 0.125 ml is the molarity of this 12.5 ml portion.

given,

12.5ml/100.0ml=0.125 ml

Molarity (M), which displays the number of moles of solute per litre of solution (moles/Litre), is one of the most often used units to measure the concentration of a solution. The term "molarity" is a unit of measurement that may be used to estimate a solvent's volume or quantity of a solute.

The connection between two solutions having the same number of moles of solute may be expressed by the formula C₁V₁= C₂V₂, where c is concentration and V is volume.

Components that dissolve in a solvent to create a solution are known as solutes. Liquid, gaseous, and solid states are the three possible states for a solute. A solution's solute content is typically lower than its solvent content.

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0.613 atm is pressure of system

Explain what an ideal gas is.

The definition of an ideal gas is a gas in which the volume of the molecules and the forces between the molecules are so negligible as to have no impact on the behaviour of the gas.

The ideal gas law, also known as the perfect gas law, describes the relationship between a gas's pressure P, volume V, and temperature T in the range of low pressures and high temperatures when the gas's molecules move essentially independently of one another. The ideal gas law, also referred to as an equation of state in this context, applies to all gases:

PV = nRT

P = ?

V = 35L

R = 0.0821 L*atm/ mol*K

T = 97 degree celcius

n = 2.7 moles

P = nRT/V

P = 2.7* 97*0.082/ 35

P = 0.613 atm

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Answer:

Substitution reaction

Explanation:

Methane (CH4) on reaction with Chlorine (Cl2) undergoes substitution reaction.

CH4+Cl2 -----------> CH3Cl+HCl is the reaction

Approximately 495 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) is needed to be combined with 501 g of water to make a solution with an osmotic pressure of 8.55 atm at 300 K.

To calculate the mass of sucrose needed to make a solution with an osmotic pressure of 8.55 atm at 300 K, we can use the Van't Hoff equation:

Π = i * R * T * C

Where Π is the osmotic pressure, i is the van't Hoff factor (number of particles produced from each molecule of solute in solution), R is the gas constant (8.31 J/mol*K), T is the temperature (300 K), and C is the concentration of the solute in mol/L.

Since the density of the solution is given as 1.08 g/ml, we can convert it to concentration in mol/L:

C = m/V = (m/V) * (V/n) = (m/V) * (n/M) = (m/V) * (n/M)

C = (mass of solute / volume of solution) * (number of moles / molar mass of solute)

Let's assume the mass of sucrose needed is m.

C = (m / (501 g + m)) * (n / 342 g/mol)

Π = i * R * T * (m / (501 g + m)) * (n / 342 g/mol)

Solving for m, we get:

m = (Π * (501 g + m) * 342 g/mol) / (i * R * T)

m = (8.55 atm * (501 g + m) * 342 g/mol) / (8.31 J/mol*K * 300 K)

The mass of sucrose needed is approximately 495 g.

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The particle size that deposits first in a stream that slows from 5 cm/s to 0.04 cm/s is determined by the settling velocity of the particles, which is a function of the particle size, shape, and density, and the fluid velocity.  It is likely that the larger and denser particles will deposit first in the stream as it slows from 5 cm/s to 0.04 cm/s.

Settling velocity is the speed at which a particle will sink to the bottom of a fluid due to gravity. Particles with a higher settling velocity will settle faster than those with a lower settling velocity.

If the fluid velocity decreases, the relative velocity between the fluid and the particles also decreases. This can make it easier for particles to settle out of suspension and deposit at the bottom of the fluid.

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The mass of each gas is needed to produce the pressure of 135 atm in the respective tank at 24 °C is mass of helium  = 4426.92 g and the mass of hydrogen gas = 2213.46 g

The Pressure = 135 atm

The Temperature = 24 °C = 297.15 K  

The Volume = 200 L

The Number of moles = ?

The ideal gas equation is expressed as:

PV = nRT

where,  

P is the pressure

V is the volume

n is the number of moles

T is the temperature  

R is Gas constant having value = 0.082 L.atm/K.mol

135 atm × 200 L = n × 0.082 L.atm/K.mol × 297.15 K  

n = 1106.73 moles

The molar mass of  helium gas =  4 g/mol

The molar mass of hydrogen gas =  2 g/mol

The mass of hydrogen = moles × molar mass

                                      = 1106.73 × 2

                                      = 2213.46 g

The mass of helium = moles × molar mass

                                  = 1106.73 × 4

                                  = 4426.92 g

This question is incomplete, the complete question is :

Suppose two 200.0-L tanks are to be filled separately with the gases helium and hydrogen. What mass of each gas is needed to produce a pressure of 135 atm in its respective tank at 24 °C?

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The boiling point is the temperature at which liquids begin to boil.The temperature stays constant as the liquid begins to boil until all of the liquid has been transformed into a gas.Water typically boils at a temperature of 100oC.

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