retrospective voting definition is....

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Answer 1

Retrospective voting at the party level: When voters can hold politicians accountable in the past and reward or punish them with their ballots, it is claimed that electoral accountability exists.

There are two main categories of majoritarian systems: those that use repeated elections or ranked voting to systematically lower the number of candidates. Both are typically employed for single-member constituencies. Voting is a procedure in which a group, such a meeting or electorate, can take part in order to come to an agreement or express a viewpoint, usually following discussions, debates, or election campaigns. Democracies elect their leaders via the voting process.

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Related Questions

What sector generates about 85% of the value of the US economy?

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Answer:

The service sector grew from accounting for less than 50% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP) to generating roughly 85% of the country's GDP.

Explanation:

What does ""by an order of magnitude"" mean?

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Orders of magnitude are generally used to make very approximate comparisons. It is mainly used while doing scientific notation.

If two numbers differ by one order of magnitude, one is about ten times larger than the other. If they differ by two orders of magnitude, they differ by a factor of about 100.

What is an order of magnitude example?

Examples: the order of magnitude of 12 is 1 because it is around 10 in size. the order of magnitude of 170 is 2 because it is around 100 in size. a kilometer (1000 meters) is three orders of magnitude greater than a meter.

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what is the most important step in the career planning process?

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Self Assessment, often known as career assessment is the most important step in the career planning process.

Undoubtedly, one of the most significant choices you'll ever make is your career. It affects pretty much every aspect of your life. It determines how much money you'll make, how much you'll work each week, where you'll live, when you can retire, and possibly even whether you decide to start a family.

Four steps make up the career planning process: Self-assessment is followed by career exploration, career identification, and action planning. You can complete these steps on your own with ease if you have motivation. Additionally, you have the choice to work with a career development counselor who will aid in the career planning procedure.

Like trying to run a race without knowing where the finish line is, finding a career without being self-aware is impossible. Self evaluation is crucial in the career planning process because of this. You will use tools during the self-assessment process to better understand your interests, values, personality, aptitudes, skill sets, developmental requirements, and preferred work environments so you can make an educated career selection. You will have determined a number of vocations that are a good fit for you by the end of the self assessment procedure.

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to determine whether to expand a component of a current intervention, which type of evaluation is needed?

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A process evaluation is required to evaluate whether to increase a component of an existing intervention. This sort of evaluation evaluates the intervention's implementation and examines if it is being carried out as anticipated.

It assists in identifying any limitations that may be impeding the intervention's success and gives insight into why specific components may be more or less successful. The information gleaned from a process review can help decision-makers decide whether to extend a component or make modifications to improve the overall intervention.

Prior to making any choices to extend an intervention, it is critical to undertake a process review to ensure that the intervention is being executed in a way that will lead to success.

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One of the last century's most influential observers of children was the Swiss biologist ____________.
a. Margaret Floy Washburn.
b. William James.
c. Edward Bradford Titchener.
d. Jean Piag

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Answer:

Jean Piag

Explanation:

Why can giving more speeches help reduce speaking anxiety?

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Answer:

Public speaking is a skill; as such, we need to learn it.

Giving more speeches will help us practice and feel more comfortable over time.

Explanation:

It doesn't seem very easy because when we want to learn a new skill, we try it out ( we might read a book or go to a course/workshop), but when it comes to public speaking you can't do that; the first time you're up there, you're actually up there.

You'll learn more from previous experiences every time you do it, which will help reduce uncertainties and, consequently, anxiety.

   

brought about many changes in style, skin care, and innovations of the beauty culture.

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The beauty industry underwent major transformations in style, skin care, and technological advancements.

The beauty industry has seen significant changes in recent years with an emphasis on personal style, holistic skin care, and innovative products. With the rise of social media and online influencer culture, there has been a shift towards individuality and self-expression through fashion and makeup. In terms of skin care, there has been a greater focus on natural and organic ingredients, as well as innovative technologies such as LED light therapy and crystal facials. Additionally, the use of artificial intelligence and augmented reality in the beauty industry has also allowed for a more personalized shopping experience for consumers. These changes have greatly impacted the way we view and approach beauty, leading to a more inclusive and diverse industry.

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Give examples of applications in which comparison procedures can be used in investigative situations. What are some limitations of the various comparative disciplines in forensics?

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Despite the usefulness of these comparison procedures, there are some limitations to the various comparative disciplines in forensics. One major limitation is the possibility of human error, as the interpretation of the evidence can be influenced by the expertise and experience of the examiner.

Comparison procedures play a crucial role in many investigative situations in the field of forensics. These procedures involve comparing physical or chemical evidence from a crime scene to other sources of evidence to determine whether there is a match or not.

There are several different types of comparison procedures that can be used, including fingerprint analysis, ballistics analysis, DNA analysis, and handwriting analysis.

For example, fingerprint analysis involves comparing the unique ridge patterns of a suspect's fingerprints to those found at a crime scene. If the patterns match, it can provide strong evidence linking the suspect to the crime.

Ballistics analysis involves comparing the markings left on a bullet or casing to those on a weapon recovered from a suspect. DNA analysis involves comparing the DNA profile of a suspect to that found at the crime scene.

In addition, the accuracy of the analysis can be limited by the quality of the evidence, as well as the limitations of the technology used to analyze it.

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Jared thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that jarrud demonstrates a(n) ________ morality

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Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates preconventional morality.

Although adults can display pre-conventional moral reasoning as well, it is more prevalent in youngsters and is predicted to occur in animals. Reasoners at this level assess an action's morality based on its immediate effects. The first and second phases of moral growth make up the pre-conventional level, which is egocentrically just interested in the self. A youngster with pre-conventional morality has not yet embraced or internalised society's norms of what is good or bad, but instead places a strong emphasis on the potential negative externalities that particular behaviours may have.

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The homestead act granted official title to 160 acre plots of land after how many years of settlement?

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The Homestead Act of 1862 granted official title to 160 acre plots of land after five years of settlement.

The Homestead Act, passed on May 20, 1862, accelerated the settlement of the western territory by granting families 160 acres plots of surveyed public land for a minimal filing fee and 5 years of continuous settlement on that land.

This act provided that any adult citizen (or intended citizen) who'd never borne arms against the US government could claim 160 acres of surveyed government land. Claimants were required to live on and improve their plot by cultivating the land. The original filer was entitled to the property after five years on the land with a small registration fee.

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Compare unit method and textbook method. In your view which is the most appropriate for teaching Pakistan studies. ​

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The unit method of teaching is a student-centered approach that focuses on the use of projects, group activities, and discussions to learn a subject.

It emphasizes active learning, exploration, and collaboration. The textbook method of teaching is a teacher-centered approach that relies on the use of textbooks and lecture-based learning to teach a subject.

In my view, the unit method is the most appropriate for teaching Pakistan Studies, as it encourages active learning and exploration, allowing students to develop a deeper understanding of the subject. This method of teaching also allows for multiple perspectives to be discussed, which is essential for understanding the complexities of Pakistani culture and history.
Additionally, it encourages collaboration and problem-solving, which can help students develop skills that are essential for success.

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in interpersonal communication, noise is which two of the following?

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The interpersonal communication noise the following is:

A factor that affects how the message is conveyed.Anything that interferes with the transmission of the message.What is interpersonal communication?

Interpersonal communication is the spoken or nonverbal sharing of thoughts, feelings, and information between two or more individuals. Hearing, seeing, and experiencing body language, facial expressions, and gestures are frequently used in face-to-face communication. Intrapersonal communication is communication with oneself, as opposed to interpersonal communication, which takes place between two or more persons. Self-talk, internal monologue, inner speech, inner experience, and internal discourse are only a few more names for the same idea.

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when people determine their goals for public speaking, _____

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When people determine their goals for public speaking, they should consider the purpose of the speech, the audience, and the desired outcome.

The purpose of the speech should be clearly defined, whether it is to inform, persuade, or entertain. Consider the audience and the context of the speech, such as a classroom or a conference, and tailor the content to the audience.

Finally, decide the desired outcome of the speech, such as motivating the audience to take action or increasing their knowledge. These elements should be considered when developing goals for public speaking, as they will help ensure that the speech is successful and effective.

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which module 3 term best describes this scenario? a man from chile prefers to watch comedy shows from brazil rather than arrested development and other comedic sitcoms from the united states.

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Answer:

The term that best describes this scenario is "cultural preference".

How should the investigator proceed, with respect to the IRB, after the discovery of the adverse event occurrence?

Answers

Report the unfavourable drug journey in a well timed manner, in keeping with the IRB's policies and procedures, using the types or the mechanism supplied through the IRB.

Adverse Event - An event in which care resulted in an undesirable clinical outcome-an effect no longer caused through underlying disease-that extended the affected person stay, brought about permanent affected person harm, required life-saving intervention, or contributed to death.

What is an negative event example?

Examples include allergic brochospasm (a serious hassle with breathing) requiring treatment in an emergency room, serious blood dyscrasias (blood disorders) or seizures/convulsions that do now not end result in hospitalization.

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how did the federal government break the stranglehold that monopolies had on fair competition in the untied states

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The federal government broke the stranglehold that monopolies had on fair competition in the United States through a combination of legal action and regulation.

Antitrust laws, such as the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, were enacted to prevent monopolies and promote competition.

These laws made it illegal for companies to engage in practices that would stifle competition or lead to the formation of monopolies, such as price fixing, market division, and the acquisition of competitors.

Additionally, the establishment of regulatory agencies, such as the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ), helped to enforce antitrust laws and regulate monopolistic practices.

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packet switching what is the fraction of the time that you have the connection all to yourself?

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In packet switching, the connection between two computers is shared among many other users, and the fraction of the time that you have the connection all to yourself depends on several factors.

Packet switching is a method of transmitting data from one computer to another in which the data is divided into small packets and each packet is sent individually to its destination.

Network utilization: The fraction of time that you have the connection all to yourself is directly proportional to the utilization of the network. The more users are sending and receiving data, the less time you will have the connection all to yourself.

Packet size: The size of the packets that you are sending and receiving will also affect the fraction of time that you have the connection all to yourself. Larger packets take longer to transmit and receive, and they will occupy the connection for a longer period of time.

Quality of Service (QoS): Packet switching networks can use Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms to prioritize different types of traffic. For example, critical applications such as voice or video calls may be given higher priority, which means that they will take up more of the connection time.

Network congestion: Network congestion can also impact the fraction of time that you have the connection all to yourself.

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which of these terms accurately defines an underwriters assessment of information

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Risk classification and due delligence terms accurately defines an underwriters assessment of information

The term that accurately defines an underwriters assessment of information is "due diligence." Due diligence is the process of thoroughly researching and verifying facts, data, and other relevant information to evaluate a potential business deal, investment, or other transaction. It is important for underwriters to perform due diligence in order to assess the risks and liabilities associated with the transaction in order to make an informed decision. During the due diligence process, underwriters typically review financial documents and records, legal documents, property documents, intellectual property documents, and other relevant information. This process helps identify potential risks, liabilities, and other issues that could affect the transaction. Furthermore, due diligence is an important part of ensuring compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

which of these terms accurately defines an underwriters assessment of information

1.Risk classification

2.due delligence

3. all

4. none

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According to the table, if a married couple filing jointly earns $67,400, what will their taxes be to the nearest dollar?.

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The correct response is C) $11,150.  Their taxes be to the nearest dollar will $11,150.

A tax is a compulsory fee or financial charge imposed by a government on a person or an entity in order to raise money for public works projects that provide the greatest infrastructure and facilities. Following then, various public spending projects are funded using the collected monies. All inhabitants gain from taxes used to pay for defence, roads, police, and a justice system because they are unable to successfully provide such services for themselves., among other necessary services. It is assessed on the majority of kinds of personal income, but only around 60% of adults have incomes that are high enough to be subject to income tax due to personal exemptions from paying it.

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According to the table, if a married couple filing jointly earns $67,400, what will their taxes be to the nearest dollar?

A): $10,470

B): $10,590

C): $11,150

D): $11,320

how long after my federal return is accepted do i receive it

Answers

After my federal return is accepted do i receive it cause takes 21 calendar days.

What is federal return?

An annual tax return you submit to the IRS on Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, is known as a federal tax return. It displays your income for the tax year as well as your tax payments. Its objective is to demonstrate that you fulfilled your duty to reimburse the US government. Once your return has been examined and passed the IRS's initial examination, you will receive notification that they have accepted it. They check your personal details and other essential information, such as if your dependents have previously been claimed by another individual.

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What are some of the major points of disagreement during ratification?

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In the ratification debate, the Anti-Federalists went against the Constitution. They griped that the new framework undermined freedoms, and neglected to safeguard individual privileges.

The Anti-Federalists went against the sanction of the 1787 U.S. Constitution since they expected that the new public government would be excessively strong and subsequently compromise individual freedoms, given the shortfall of a bill of privileges.

In the ratification debate, the Anti-Federalists went against the Constitution. They griped that the new framework undermined freedoms, and neglected to safeguard individual privileges. A focal issue at the Show was whether the national government or the states would have more power.

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william james believed that our ________ includes ________.

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Option 3. Personality traits refers to the unique set of characteristics, behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that define an individual and distinguish them from others.

Personality traits include qualities such as extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability. These traits are thought to be relatively stable over time and can influence a person's behavior and experiences in different situations.

Personality traits are the distinct qualities that make up a person's character and shape their behavior and experiences. Some of the most widely recognized personality traits include:

Extroversion: outgoing, sociable, energetic

Agreeableness: cooperative, friendly, compassionate

Neuroticism: anxious, emotional, sensitive

Openness: imaginative, curious, open-minded

Conscientiousness: responsible, organized, dependable

Emotional stability: calm, confident, secure

It's important to note that personality is complex and multi-faceted, and individuals may display traits from multiple dimensions. Additionally, personality can change over time and may be influenced by various factors such as life experiences, relationships, and personal growth.

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William James believed that our _____ includes _____.

1. Me self; our personality traits only,

2. I self; our possessions,

3. I self; our personality traits only,

4. Me self; our possessions

conclusion of why school uniform are important

Answers

Some students aren’t as wealthy as others and can’t afford the name brand clothing that other individuals at school can. This can lead the kid to stress from trying to fit in at school and it could cause some kids to start bullying this said child.

School uniforms are an important aspect of school culture and can have a significant impact on the student's experience. These uniforms serve a variety of purposes, including promoting equality, encouraging a sense of community, and improving school discipline.

Firstly, school uniforms promote equality by leveling the playing field for all students regardless of their financial background. This helps to eliminate the competition and comparison between students based on the clothes they wear. This creates a positive learning environment where students can focus on their education instead of their appearance.

Secondly, school uniforms encourage a sense of community and unity among students. When students wear the same uniform, they feel like they belong to the same group, which fosters a sense of belonging and school pride. This can lead to improved relationships between students and reduced instances of bullying.

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Montisquieu wrote...

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He wrote the Persian Letters and he also wrote The Spirit of the Laws.

Read the following sentence and decide whether the underlined portion contains a mistake. If so, identify the best way to correct or improve the sentence by choosing the appropriate suggestion from the answer choices. If the underlined portion requires no improvement or correction, choose No improvement or correction is required.
Mr. Donovan gives a large contribution to an agency that was collecting funds for malaria prevention in Africa.
- gave a large contribution to an agency that were collecting funds
- were giving a large contribution to an agency that were collecting funds
- gave a large contribution to an agency that are collecting funds
- gave a large contribution to an agency that was collecting funds
- No improvement or correction is required

Answers

The correct alternative is "gave a large contribution to an agency that was collecting funds for malaria prevention in Africa."

The subject of the sentence, "Mr. Donovan," is singular, so the verb "gave" must also be in singular form.

The verb "were" is plural, so it does not match with the subject. The phrase "that were collecting funds" should also be in past tense to match the verb "gave."

The present tense "are collecting funds" does not match the past tense verb. The option "gave a large contribution to an agency that was collecting funds" is grammatically correct and properly matches the subject and verb in tense.

The phrase "No improvement or correction is required" is not applicable because there is a mistake in the underlined portion that needs to be corrected.

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what are some examples of macbeth’s active imagination that add to his internal conflict?

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The examples of Macbeth’s active imagination were bloody hands and imaginary voices.

Macbeth's vivid imagination reveals how his internal conflicts have caused him to become psychologically out of balance. He is having hallucinations about the crimes he has committed. Some of the examples of Macbeth’s active imagination were bloody hands and imaginary voices.

Banquo's ghost showed up at Macbeth's banquet, expressing Macbeth's guilt and worry about Banquo's foretold descendants.In his dream, Macbeth sees "bloody hands" that are unable to wash clean, signifying his guilt over slaying King Duncan.After committing the crime, Macbeth is tormented by phantom voices shouting "Sleep no more."Macbeth's reflection on what he perceives as air-drawn daggers represents his anxiety and paranoia.Macbeth's fixation on the witch's prediction that he will rule as king and the nightmares that follow.

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The Komagata Maru incident affected which visible minority? Select one: a. Metis b. Japanese c. South Asians! d. Chinese.

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The Komagata Maru incident was a significant event in Canadian history that affected the c.South Asian community.

Komagata Maru was a ship that arrived in Vancouver in 1914, carrying 376 passengers from India, who were mostly Sikh, Muslim, and Hindu. The passengers were seeking to immigrate to Canada but were denied entry by the Canadian government on the grounds of a discriminatory immigration policy.

The Komagata Maru incident was a result of the Canadian government's "Continuous Journey" regulation, which required all immigrants to come to Canada directly from their country of origin, making it virtually impossible for South Asians to enter Canada. The regulation was introduced specifically to limit immigration from India and other Asian countries.

The passengers on the Komagata Maru were not allowed to disembark, and the ship was forced to return to India after a two-month standoff. Upon their arrival in India, several passengers were killed in a confrontation with British colonial authorities.

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TRUE/FALSE. an advocate speaks out in favor of something they believe in.

Answers

The answer would be True, an advocate for something is someone who believes in what they advocate for

explain how presidents have interpreted and justified their use of formal and informal powers

Answers

Presidents have interpreted and justified their use of formal and informal powers by relying on the Constitution, executive precedent, political realities, and their personal beliefs. Formal powers refer to specific powers granted to the President by the Constitution and laws, while informal powers refer to unwritten powers that the President has traditionally exercised.

Presidential use of formal powers is typically justified by reference to specific provisions of the Constitution or laws, such as the Commander-in-Chief power or the power to veto legislation.

In the case of informal powers, Presidents often rely on executive precedent and political realities to justify their actions.

For example, Presidents have exercised their power to act unilaterally in foreign affairs by relying on the principle of executive prerogative and the need to respond quickly to national security threats.

Additionally, some Presidents have justified their use of informal powers by pointing to the need to bypass a gridlocked or uncooperative Congress.

Ultimately, the way Presidents interpret and justify their use of formal and informal powers reflects their personal beliefs about the role of the presidency and the balance of power between the branches of government.

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In what ways have changed in the social, economic, and political environment ofsociety been reflected in correctional policies?

Answers

The social, economic, and political environment of a society play a significant role in shaping its correctional policies. Over the years, changes in these environments have led to a corresponding evolution of correctional policies to align with the current times. The following is a detailed explanation of how these changes have been reflected in correctional policies.

Social changes have had a significant impact on correctional policies. The increasing diversity in society has led to a greater recognition of the rights of minority groups and has resulted in more diverse and culturally sensitive approaches in the development of correctional policies.

Additionally, the growing concern for public safety has led to the development of policies aimed at reducing the risk of recidivism and protecting the community.

Economic changes have also played a crucial role in shaping correctional policies. For example, the economic recession of the late 2000s led to a focus on cost-saving measures in the criminal justice system, including the reduction of funding for rehabilitation programs and an emphasis on alternatives to incarceration, such as community supervision and electronic monitoring.

Politically, changes in the priorities and ideology of governments have resulted in significant shifts in correctional policies. For example, the shift towards a more punitive and retributive approach to criminal justice during the 1980s and 1990s led to the development of policies aimed at increasing the use of imprisonment and reducing the use of alternatives. On the other hand, the recent trend towards criminal justice reform has resulted in a shift towards evidence-based and rehabilitative approaches, as well as a focus on reducing mass incarceration.

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