Without the information about the compound, it is not possible to rank the carbon atoms in order of increasing chemical shift.
How to rank the carbon atoms in increasing order?In an NMR spectrum, the chemical shift (δ) of a carbon atom is a measure of the electron density around that carbon atom. The chemical shift is typically measured in parts per million (ppm) and is dependent on the chemical environment of the carbon atom.
In order to rank the indicated carbon atoms in order of increasing chemical shift, it is important to know the chemical structure of the compound and the chemical environment of each carbon atom. Without the information about the compound, it is not possible to rank the carbon atoms in order of increasing chemical shift.
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fill in the blank. the amino acid side chain residues in an alpha helix point question ___1 of 1 choose your answer... from the center of the helix.'
The amino acid side chain residues in an alpha helix point away from the center of the helix.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 different amino acids that can be used to make proteins, and these amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds to form long chains, called polypeptides. These polypeptides then fold into specific three-dimensional structures, which determine the function of the protein. Amino acids can be classified as essential or non-essential. Essential amino acids are those that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet, while non-essential amino acids can be produced by the body. The sequence of amino acids in a protein determines its specific function in the body. Some examples of important proteins in the body include enzymes, hormones, and structural proteins such as collagen and keratin.
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At a fixed temperature and pressure, a 0.474 mol sample of gas has a volume of 8.65 L. How many mol of gas will have a volume of 4.39 L under these same conditions?
The volume of the gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas. Hence, when volume is reduced to 8.65 L to 4.39 L, number moles reduces to 0.24 mol.
What is Avogadro's law?According to Avogadro's law, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles. Thus n/V = a constant
If n1 and V1 be the initial number of moles and volume and n2, V2 be the final quantities, then,
n1/V1 = n2/V2
Given, n1 = 0.474 mol
V1 = 8.65 L
V2 = 4.39 L
then, n2 = n1 V2/V1
n2 = (4.39 L× 0.474)/8.65 mol
= 0.24 mol
Therefore, the number of moles of gas at the reduced volume is 0.24 mol.
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10) The two organic compounds shown below will differ in which physical
properties?
OH
CH3
OH
OH
CH3
OH
A. Optical rotation only.
B. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra only.
C. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and optical rotation.
D. They will have identical physical properties.
An organic compound's physical characteristics are determined by the alkyl portion (carbon chain), but its chemical characteristics are determined by the functional group.
What characteristics do organic substances have? What makes them different from one another?The melting and boiling points of organic molecules are comparatively low. The sort of attraction forces used in each situation to retain the particles close to one another is the cause of these variations.
What are the physical characteristics of organic substances and what do they mean?The boiling point and solubility of organic molecules are two highly typical physical characteristics. The capacity of a material to dissolve in a solution is known as solubility. Density is another physical characteristic.
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Which of these changes is an example of a chemical change?
A. ice cream solidifying
B. a tree decomposing in a forest
C. a figure made from a block of modeling clay D. polishing a gemstone
Answer:
B. a tree decomposing in a forest
the structures of maltose and trehalose are shown below. compare and contrast these carbohydrates.
Comparing the maltose and trehalose, both are carbohydrates, having different property, structures, and properties, discussing the property below:-
Maltose:-
Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose units linked by an α-1,4-glycosidic bond. It is formed by the hydrolysis of starch, and is the second product of the hydrolysis of glycogen. Carbohydrates Maltose is sweet, but less sweet than glucose. Maltose is commonly used in brewing, baking and confectionery.
Trehalose:-
Trehalose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose units linked by an α,α-1,1-glycosidic bond. It is found in many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and some insects. Trehalose is sweet and is used as a sugar substitute. It is also used as a food additive, as well as in the production of some drugs and cosmetics.
In summary, Maltose and Trehalose are both disaccharides composed of glucose units, but they have different glycosidic bond linkage and different properties. Maltose is formed by the hydrolysis of starch and is less sweet than glucose, it is used in brewing, baking and confectionery. Trehalose is found in many organisms, it is used as a sugar substitute and a food additive, as well as in the production of some drugs and cosmetics.
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Question - the structures of maltose and trehalose are shown below. compare and contrast these carbohydrates. The structure or figure is attached below.
assuming the volume is 2 l, calculate the equilibrium constant kc for the reaction.
The equilibrium constant kc for the reaction X2(g) + 2Y(g) <=> 2XY(g) is 4 assuming the volume is 2L.
Given the reaction is X2(g) + 2Y(g) <=> 2XY(g)
By doubling the reactants we get 2X2(g) + 4Y(g) <=> 4XY(g)
Consider the mole ratio of the following reactants and products by taking one mole of each molecule initially.
Let the concentration of X2 = 2/2 = 1
The concentration of Y = 2/2 = 1
The concentration of XY = 4/2 = 2
We know that the equilibrium constant that describes this equilibrium is equal to Kc.
Kc = [AB]^2/[A].[B] = (2)^2/1 x x = 4
Hence the equilibrium constant Kc = 4
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complete question: The diagram represents the equilibrium state for the reaction X2(g) + 2 Y(g) == 2 XY(g) Assuming the volume of the cylinder is 2 L, calculate the equilbrium constant; Kc , for this reaction. Assume that each molecule represents one mole Kc How will the number of XY molecules change if the volume of the equilibrium mixture is increased?
Which layer of the atmosphere is the least dense? A. mesosphere B. troposphere C. stratosphere D. exosphere
The answer is A. Mesosphere. It isn't the least dense overall, but it is out of these options.
Answer:
D: is the correct answer
what organic product would you obtain from reaction of 1-pentanol with cro3, h2o, h2so4?
Pentanoic acid product will obtained from reaction of 1-pentanol with Cro₃, H₂o, H₂SO₄.
What do reactants and products consist of?Reactants are the chemical substances that take part in chemical reactions to create new substances, or products. Chemical reactions between reactants produce new substances, which are referred to as products.
Chemical reactions are the transformation of one or more reactants into one or more new products. Materials are composed of chemical building blocks or compounds. Various products are created by rearranging the atoms that make up the reactants in a chemical reaction.
A chemhttps://brainly.com/question/29039149als into one or more other chemicals. Rust, for instance, is produced when iron and oxygen come together. Sodium acetate, carbon dioxide, and water are produced when vinegar and baking soda are mixed.
chemical reaction is attached below
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What separation technique can be used to separate colors in dyes or markers without using heat?
A. Chromatography
C. Filtration
B. Distillation
D. Evaporation
Chromatography separation technique can be used to separate colors in dyes or markers without using heat.
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is a method of separating substances from a mixture by passing them through a medium, such as a column, to separate them according to their molecular structure. Substances are separated when they interact differently with the medium, allowing them to be identified. Chromatography has a wide range of uses and is an important analytical technique in many industries and fields. It is used to identify and measure the amounts of various substances in a sample, such as in food, pharmaceutical, and environmental testing. Chromatography is also used to purify and separate organic compounds, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites.
Therefore, Option A is correct.
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The partial pressure of F2 and a mixture of gases were the total pressure is one ATM. What is the mole fraction of F2?
The partial pressure of F2 and a mixture of gases where the total pressure is one atm. The mole fraction of F2 is 0.394736.
What is mole fraction ?
The term mole fraction is defined as the number of molecules of a component in a mixture is divided by the total number of moles in the given mixture.
Total pressure = 1 atm
= 760 torr
Then,
The partial pressure of F2 = 300 torr
The mol fraction of F2 = PF2/PT
= 300/760
= 0.394736
Thus, The partial pressure of F2 and a mixture of gases where the total pressure is one atm. The mole fraction of F2 is 0.394736.
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Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of a 300-g object moving at a velocity of 50 m/s (about 100 mph).
O 4x10 -38 m O 4x10-35 m O 4x 10 9 m O 4x10 12 m
The de Broglie wavelength of a 300-g object moving at a velocity of 50 m/s is 4×10³⁵ meters. Hence, option (B) is correct.
What is the de Broglie wavelength?When studying quantum mechanics, the de Broglie wavelength is a key idea. De Broglie wavelength is the wavelength (λ) that is connected to an item in relation to its momentum and mass. Typically, a particle's momentum is inversely proportional to its de Broglie wavelength.
The de Broglie wavelength of a 300-g object moving at a velocity of 50 m/s is = Planck constant/momentum
= 6.6 ×10⁻³⁴/(0.300×50) meter
= 4×10³⁵ meters.
The de Broglie wavelength of a 300-g object travelling at 50 m/s is 4*10^35 meters. As a result, option (B) is accurate.
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if pressure of a gas sample is quadrupled and the absolute temperature is doubled what factor does the volume of the sample change
To determine the volume factor change, we must make V2 the focus of the equation. Therefore, the volume factor change is (c) 1/2.
If the temperature rises four times, how will the pressure change?As the Kelvin temperature increases, the pressure increases. Direct proportionality governs the connection between the two sums.
When the temperature in Kelvin increases, the pressure of the gas will increase fourfold.
What is the fourth power of the absolute temperature?According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, an object's total radiant heat production .
and absolute temperature are inversely related.
Learn about the Boltzmann Law.
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Calculate the volume in milliliters of a 0.595M iron(II) bromide solution that contains 100. g of iron(II) bromide . Round your answer to significant digits.
The volume, in milliliters of 0.595 M iron (II) bromide that will contain 100 g of the substance will be 779.3 mL.
Molarity problemThe molarity of a solution is the ratio of the mole of solutes to the volume of the solution. Mathematically:
Molarity = mole/volume
Also, mole = mass/molar mass
Thus, 100 g of iron (II) bromide (molar mass = 215.65 g/mol) would be:
100/215.65 = 0.4637 mol
Making the volume of the subject from the equation above:
Volume = mole/molarity
= 0.4637/0.595
= 0.7793 liters
In milliliters, 0.7793 liters = 0.7793 x 1000 = 779.3 mL
Thus, the volume of the solution would be 779.3 mL.
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Predict the major product(s) you would obtain from sulfonation of the following compounds:
(a) Fluorobenzene
(b) m -Bromophenol
(c) m -Dichlorobenzene
(d) 2,4 -Dibromopheno
A sulfonic acid functional group is added to the molecule during the process of sulfonation. Aromatic sulfonation occurs when the sulfonic acid group is added to aromatic compounds.
Fluorine raises the electron density at the ring by mesomeric action and is an ortho and para directing group, leading to the formation of p-fluorobenzene-sulfonic acid and o-fluorobenzene-sulfonic acid during the sulfonation of fluorobenzene. Since substitution between two groups seldom happens, both -OH and -Br are ortho and para directed, resulting in the formation of the two products 2-Bromo-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid and 4-Bromo-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid. As -Cl is an ortho and para directing group, 2,4-Dichlorobenzene-sulfonic acid results from the sulfonation of m-dichlorobenzene. 2,4-Dibromophenol is sulfonated to produce 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid as the end product.
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Rank the elements highlighted in the figure based on increasing size of their atoms. Orange green gray red blue
The presence of more electron shells and electron shielding causes atomic size to rise as you descend a column. Because of more protons, atomic size shrinks as you move to the right across a row. Samantha, one of Test Prep Academy's tutors, wrote this essay specifically for you.
What is atoms?One or more electrons are attached to the nucleus of every atom, which is made up of a nucleus. Protons and neutrons, in various numbers, make up the nucleus. Neutrons exist only in the most prevalent type of hydrogen. Atoms that are neutral or ionized are the building blocks of all solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. A chemical element's atom is a particular type of particle of substance. The core nucleus of an atom is surrounded by either many negatively charged electrons or a positively charged electron.Chemical reactions cannot split apart or form atoms, which are unbreakable particles. Atoms of one element share the same chemical properties and mass with all other atoms, however the chemical properties of atoms of other elements vary.To learn more about atoms, refer to:
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How much heat in kilojoules is evolved or absorbed in each of the following reactions?
1-Burning of 15.5 g of propane:
C3H8(g)+5O2(g)?3CO2(g)+4H2O(l) ?H?=?2220 kJ
2-Reaction of 4.88 g of barium hydroxide octahydrate with ammonium chloride:
Ba(OH)2?8H2O(s)+2NH4Cl(s)?BaCl2(aq)+2NH3(aq)+10H2O(l) ?H?=+80.3 kJ
1.24KJ of energy is absorbed as heat by each reaction. When systems or objects have different temperatures, energy is transferred as heat.
What does Heat really mean?Kinetic energy passes through a material or an item, or it moves from an energy source to a material or an object, to create heat. Radiation, conduction, and convection are the three possible transmission methods for this type of energy.
The temperature of heat:Temperature and heat are not the same thing. The sum of an object's atoms' kinetic energy is its heat energy. The average kinetic energy of a substance's atoms is its temperature.
moles =4.889/315.391mole=0.01548 moles
OH =80.3KJ*0.01548 mol Ba(OH)₂·8H₂O/1mol of Ba(OH)₂·8H₂O
=1.24 KJ
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The information provided below was obtained from the label of the commercial stock
bottle of concentrated tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid. Calculate the volume of the acid that
is needed to prepare 8dm3
of 0.5moldm-3
solution of the compound from the stock.
Specific gravity of H2SO4 = 1.84gcm-3
% purity of acid =97%
Molar mass = 98gmol-1
205.7 cm^3 (or 0.2057 L) of the concentrated tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid to prepare 8 dm^3 of a 0.5 mol/dm^3 solution of the compound.
How do you calculate the volume?To prepare 8 dm^3 of a 0.5 mol/dm^3 solution of tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid from a stock solution, you need to use:
(0.5 mol/dm^3) x (8 dm^3) x (98 g/mol) = 392 g of tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid
Since the acid is 97% pure, we know that:
(97/100) x (392 g) = 379.84 g of tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid is pure acid
We can use the specific gravity of the acid, which is 1.84 g/cm^3, to calculate the volume of the acid needed:
379.84 g / (1.84 g/cm^3) = 205.7 cm^3 of tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid
So, you would need to use 205.7 cm^3 (or 0.2057 L) of the concentrated tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid to prepare 8 dm^3 of a 0.5 mol/dm^3 solution of the compound.
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Draw the form of malonic acid that is expected to predominate at physiological pH.
At physiological pH, malonic acid is expected to exist predominantly as its conjugate base, malonate, which is a dianion with the molecular formula C3H2O4^2-.
What is molanic acid?Molanic acid is an organic acid with the chemical formula C2H4O2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of carbohydrates, and is formed when glucose is oxidized by enzymes such as glucose dehydrogenase. Molanic acid is a colorless liquid with a slightly sweet smell, and is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. It has a molecular weight of 60.05 g/mol and is a precursor to the other organic acids such as lactic acid, malic acid, and citric acid. Molanic acid is used in the food industry as a preservative, and is also used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and perfumes.
This dianion is a symmetric molecule with a planar triangular structure, with a central carbon atom double-bonded to two oxygen atoms and single-bonded to two additional oxygen atoms. The two negative charges are localized on the two outer oxygen atoms.
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Draw the organic product(s) of the reaction of acetophenone with H2NNH2, KOH.
If no reaction occurs, tell OWL by drawing ethane (CH3CH3).
Do not separate two structures with a + sign.
Answer:
From Wolff Kishner Reduction we can say that the product thus formed will be ethylbenzene.
Explanation:We know that acetophenone has (COCH3) attach to it as a functional group. When it reacts with hydrazine that is (NH2NH2) in the presence of a strong base such as KOH and heat, an intermediate known as hydrazone is formed. Hydrazone are a cousin of imines. Here the oxygen gets replaced with hydrazine and water is released. Then after deprotonation of NH we have protonation at carbon of the functional group. Then we again have deprotonation of NH and finally N2 is released and we have a protonation of carbon which results in ethylbenzene.
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Complete the following roadmap for calculating the molality of a solution from mass of solute X - multiply by volume of solvent (L) - mulliply by mass ol solvent (kg)
- multiply by molar mass of X (glmol) - multiply by density of X (glmL) - divide by volume of solvent (L) - divide by density of X (glmL) - divide by mass of solvent (kg)
- multiply by molarity of X (Movl)
- divide by molar mass ol X (glmol)
- divide by molarity of X (moVL) mass(g) of X ...|...
amount(mol) of X
...|....
molality(m) of X solution
The molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of a solute per kilogram of solvent. It depends on the mass of the solvent. It is denoted by m. It is also called Molal Concentration.
What is Molality?Molarity (M), which is determined by dividing the solute's mass in moles by the volume of the solution in litres, is the most widely used unit to express solution concentration: litres of solution/moles of solute equals M.
The following equation can be used to determine the molality: m = (Number of moles of the solute)/ (Mass of the solution in litres.) Molality is measured in kg/mol. The terms molality and molal concentration are interchangeable. The equation for calculating molality,
m = (Moles of the Solute, in Number)/ (Mass of the solution in litres.)
Molality is measured in kg/mol.Molality has an advantage over molarity in that it is unaffected by changes in temperature and pressure because it is determined based on mass rather than volume.
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Label the various areas in the molecular orbital diagram by moving the labels onto the diagram. v 2nd attempt A empty molecular orbitals B occupied molecular orbitals C overlap D valence band
E conduction band
The conduction band in the molecular orbital diagram because it's an electron occupying the valence bound.
What is molecular orbital diagram?Because an electron occupies the valence bound, the conduction band in the molecular orbital diagram. A molecular orbital diagram, also known as a MO diagram, is a qualitative descriptive tool used to describe chemical bonding in molecules using molecular orbital theory in general and the linear combination of atomic orbitals approach in particular. A molecular orbital diagram is used to study the bonding of a diatomic molecule. MO diagrams may be used to identify the magnetic characteristics of a molecule and how they change with ionisation. They also show the bond order of the molecule, or how many bonds are shared between the two atoms.
Here,
Because an electron occupies the valence bound, the conduction band in the molecular orbital diagram.
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The physical state(s) present when a substance is melting is (are) a) solid. B) liquid. C) gas_ D) solid + liquid. E) liquid gas:
Option B is the correct option means solid and liquid. Both physical states are present in this melting process
What is a substance?A substance is a class of materials that has a certain makeup. They have particular characteristics and cannot be physically divided into its chemical components. Sodium chloride and sugar are two examples. A chemical substance is a type of matter with a predictable chemical composition and physical characteristics.According to some references, it is also impossible to physically separate a chemical compound into its component parts without first destroying any chemical bonds. Matter with a definite composition and set of characteristics is referred to as a substance. A substance is every pure element. It is a material when it is pure. Substance examples: Because iron is an element, it is also a substance.
Hence, The physical state(s) present when a substance is melting is (are) a) solid is solid and liquid.
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What is it that gives substances their different properties?
The physical properties of substances are those properties that can be seen and observed as the chemical properties of substances.
What gives a substance its properties?Chemical changes occur when bonds are crushed and/or formed between molecules or atoms. This method that one substance with a definite set of properties (such as melting point, color, taste, etc) to rotate into a different substance with different properties.
A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be noticed or measured without changing the specification of the substance. Physical properties involved color, density, hardness, and melting and boiling points.
So we can conclude that those properties occur as the result of a chemical reaction and change the constitution of the substance.
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draw the major product(s) of electrophilic chlorination of o-xylene.
The major product(s) of electrophilic chlorination of o-xylene is attached below.
What is electrophilic chlorination?Among the most frequently used chemical processes are those in which an electrophilic chlorine atom is transferred from a chlorinating agent to a nucleophilic substrate. Microscale organic synthesis is one example of an application, while multitonnage scale industrial applications are another.
While chlorine (Cl) gains a partial negative charge when attached to carbon, carbon gains a partial positive charge as a result. Here, the positively charged Carbon will act as the electrophile ( C ).
Electrons in the chlorine-chlorine bond are repelled as a chlorine molecule approaches the benzene ring by the ring's delocalized electrons. Chlorine functions as an electrophile thanks to its slightly positive end.
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A dime weighs 2.5 g. What is the dollar value of 1 kg of dimes?
A dime weighs 2.5 g. $40 is the dollar value of 1 kg of dimes.
What is Dime?In American use, a dime is a 10-cent coin that is officially referred to as "one dime" and is worth one-tenth of a dollar. By virtue of the Coinage Act of 1792, the denomination was initially approved.
The dime, with dimensions of 0.705 inches (17.91 millimeters) in diameter and 0.053 inches (1.35 mm) in thickness, has the lowest diameter and is the thinnest of all U.S. coins now in circulation.
The term "dime" is derived from the Old French disme (modern French dîme), which means "tenth part" or "tithe" and is derived from the Latin decima [pars]. The only American currency now in widespread use that doesn't have a dollar or cent value is the dime. The cost of manufacturing a dime in 2011 was 5.65 cents. It costs ten cents to buy a dime. The value of a penny, often known as a one-cent coin, is one cent. A dime coin is equivalent to 10 one-cent coins in value (pennies).
Given that,
weights of Dime = 2.5 gm
Now, 2.5 g x 10 dimes = 25 gm
So, 1 kg = 1000 gm
Thus, 1000 / 25 = 4000 cents
4000 cents = $40
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Classify each reaction as an exchange reaction, a condensation reaction, or a cleavage reaction.
Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins
The given reactions are of following types:
1. exchange
2. exchange
3. exchange
4.condensation
5. cleavage
Most chemical reactions can be classified into one or more of five basic types: Acid-base reaction, exchange reaction, condensation reaction, cleavage reaction, redox reaction. Condensation reactions occur when one or more compounds combine to form a complex compound. Cleavage reactions are the opposite of synthesis reactions. In fission reactions, more complex compounds are broken down into a few simpler compounds. An exchange reaction is a type of redox reaction in which one element in a compound is replaced by another. Displacement and double displacement reactions are also termed as exchange reactions as a part of ionic compounds is exchanged. Reaction 1, 2, 3 is thus a exchange reaction as the follow the same nature. Reaction 4 is condensation reaction while reaction 5 is a cleavage reaction.
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The complete question is
Classify each reaction as an exchange reaction, a condensation reaction, or a cleavage reaction.
1. 2NH4CL+Ba(NO3)2-->2NH4NO3+BaCl2 -- ( --?-- )
2. HCl+NaOH---> NaCl+ H2O –
3. Ca+2HCl---> CaCl+H2 --
4. CaO+CO2--->CaCO3 -- ( --?-- )
5. 2H2O-->2H2+O2 --
What product results from the SN2 reaction between (R)-2-chloropentane and hydroxide?
a. (R)-2-pentanol
b. (S)-2-pentanol
c. racemic pentanol
d. 1-pentanol
a. (R)-2-pentanol product results from the SN2 reaction between (R)-2-chloropentane and hydroxide
The SN2 reaction, also known as a substitution reaction , is a type of reaction in which a nucleophile (in this case, hydroxide) attacks the electrophilic carbon atom of an alkyl halide (in this case, (R)-2-chloropentane) in a one-step, bimolecular process. The reaction proceeds with the inversion of the configuration of the carbon atom that was originally attached to the leaving group.The nucleophile (OH-) attacks the carbon atom that bears the chlorine atom, this will lead to the formation of (R)-2-pentanol and chloride anion. It is important to note that the reaction inversion of the configuration at the carbon atom that bears the chlorine atom, which means that the product is the enantiomer of the starting material, which is (R)-2-pentanol
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Indicate the molecu lar geometry around the central atom of each of the following species: CF4 Select NCI3 [Select) So2 [Select] the silicon atom in disilane (Si is bonded to Si) SisHe Select the carbon atom in urea (NH2)>CO (C is bonded to O, N and N) [Select]
Each of the following species has a tetraherdal, trigonal pyramidal, bent, tetraherdal, or trigonal planar molecular geometry centered on the central atom.
What is an example of an atom definition?An atom is the fundamental unit of chemistry. It is the tiniest portion of matter where electric charges particles might escape. It is really the small material with properties resembling chemical elements.
What makes it an atom, and why?But when it refers to the name atom, we must travel back to 400 B.C. ancient Greece. This Greek word atomos, meaning meaning "uncuttable," was proposed by Democritus, a renowned philosopher. As a result, as he stated, all substance might be reduced to discrete, tiny pieces, called atomos.
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For the dissolution of LiCl in water, ΔHsoln=−37kJ/mol.
Which term would you expect to be the largest negative number: ΔHsolvent, ΔHsolute, or ΔHmix?
A) ΔHsolvent
B) ΔHsolute
C) ΔHmix
The largest negative number would be ΔHmix, which is equal to the sum of ΔHsolvent and ΔHsolute. In the case of the dissolution of LiCl in water, ΔHsolvent is positive and ΔHsolute is negative, so the sum of the two results in a negative number.
ΔHmix is the enthalpy of mixing, which is the amount of energy released or absorbed when two substances are mixed together. ΔHmix is equal to the sum of the enthalpy of the solvent (ΔHsolvent) and the enthalpy of the solute (ΔHsolute).
ΔHmix is usually expressed in terms of the amount of energy released or absorbed per mole of the substance being mixed. For example, the enthalpy of mixing for the dissolution of LiCl in water would be
ΔHmix = ΔHsolvent + ΔHsolute = +24kJ/mol + -37kJ/mol = -13kJ/mol.
This means that -13kJ of energy is released per mole of LiCl dissolved in water.
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Determine the average rate of change of B from t=0 to t=362 s.
A yields 2B
time(s): 0, 181, 362
Concentration of A (M): 0.170, 0.425, 0.140
Answer must be in M/s
The average rate of change of B from t=0 to t=362 s is [tex]0.001883 M/s.[/tex]
How to find the average rate of change?The average rate of change of B can be determined using the formula:
rate = (change in concentration of B) / (change in time)
We can calculate the change in concentration of B by subtracting the initial concentration of B from the final concentration of B:
change in concentration of B = final concentration of B - initial concentration of B
We can calculate the change in time by subtracting the initial time from the final time:
change in time = final time - initial time
We can use the stoichiometry of the reaction to convert the concentration of A to the concentration of B:
2A -> B
change in concentration of B = (2 * change in concentration of A)
We can use this information to calculate the average rate of change of B from t=0 to t=362 s:
change in concentration of B = [tex](2 * (0.425 M - 0.170 M)) = 0.680 M[/tex]
change in time = [tex]362 s - 0 s = 362 s[/tex]
rate = [tex](0.680 M) / (362 s) = 0.001883 M/s[/tex]
Therefore, the average rate of change of B from t=0 to t=362 s is [tex]0.001883 M/s.[/tex]
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