The height of the rock formation is approximately 17.45 feet (rounded to two decimal places).
What is trigonometry?Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. It is used to solve problems involving triangles, such as finding missing sides or angles, determining distances or heights, and more. Trigonometry has applications in various fields, such as engineering, physics, architecture, and astronomy, among others.
In the given question,
We can use trigonometry to solve this problem. Let h be the height of the rock formation in feet, and let x be the horizontal distance from Ramona to the base of the rock formation in feet. Then, we have:
tan(10) = h/x
Rearranging this equation, we get:
h = x * tan(10)
We need to find the value of h, so we need to find the value of x. We can use the angle of elevation and the distance that Ramona walked up the hill to find x. We have a right triangle with height h, base x, and hypotenuse 100 ft. The angle opposite the height h is 10 degrees. So, we have:
tan(10) = h/x
sin(10) = h/100
Rearranging the second equation, we get:
h = 100 * sin(10)
Substituting this into the first equation, we get:
x * tan(10) = 100 * sin(10)
Dividing both sides by tan(10), we get:
x = 100 * sin(10) / tan(10)
Plugging this value of x into the equation for h, we get:
h = x * tan(10) = (100 * sin(10) / tan(10)) * tan(10) = 100 * sin(10)
Therefore, the height of the rock formation is approximately 17.45 feet (rounded to two decimal places).
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I need help with these 2 please
Question 7. C (rectangular pyramid)
Question 8. 17 cm
Answer:
Question 7:C rectangular pyramid
Question 8: C 120 in
A=2(wl+hl+hw)=2·(10·2+5·2+5·10)=160
Step-by-step explanation:
● Thornton
1 centimeter =
50 kilometers
Peter's mother is a pilot. She often makes deliveries
near their community. Peter and his mother flew from
Charlton to Thornton to make a mail delivery. Then they
continued on to Avon and Ashton and returned to Charltc
How many kilometers did Peter and his mother
travel in all?
The answer is 250 kilometers. Peter and his mother traveled a total distance of 250 kilometers on their mail delivery.
What is distance?Distance is a numerical measurement of how far apart two objects or points are. It is a scalar quantity, meaning that it is only expressed as a magnitude, or numerical value, without any direction.
1 centimeter is equal to 0.01 kilometers, so 50 kilometers would be equal to 5,000 centimeters. The total distance between the four cities is 5,000 centimeters, which is equal to 50 kilometers.
Charltc to Thornton is 1,000 centimeters, Thornton to Avon is 1,500 centimeters, Avon to Ashton is 1,000 centimeters, and Ashton to Charltc is 1,500 centimeters. This gives us a total of 5,000 centimeters, or 50 kilometers.
This can be calculated by multiplying the total distance between the four cities (50 kilometers) by the number of times they traveled the route (5 times, since they flew from Charltc to Thornton, then to Avon, then to Ashton, and then back to Charltc). This gives us 250 kilometers, which is the answer to the question.
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Peter and his mother traveled a total distance of 250 kilometers on their mail delivery. The answer is 250 kilometers.
What is distance?Distance is a numerical measurement of how far apart two objects or points are. It is a scalar quantity, meaning that it is only expressed as a magnitude, or numerical value, without any direction.
1 centimeter = 0.01 kilometers,
so 50 kilometers = 5,000 centimeters.
Charlton to Thornton= 1,000 centimeters,
Thornton to Avon= 1,500 centimeters,
Avon to Ashton= 1,000 centimeters,
and Ashton to Charlton= 1,500 centimeters.
Total distance= 1,000+1,500+1,000+1,500
= 5,000 centimeters, or 50 kilometers.
The total distance between the four cities is 5,000 centimeters, which is equal to 50 kilometers.
This can be calculated by multiplying the total distance between the four cities (50 kilometers) by the number of times they traveled the route (5 times.
=50*5
=250
Since they flew from Charlton to Thornton, then to Avon, then to Ashton, and then back to Charlton.
250 kilometers is the answer to the question.
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Question:
Peter's mother is a pilot. She often makes deliveries near their community. Peter and his mother flew from Charlton to Thornton to make a mail delivery. Then they continued on to Avon and Ashton and returned to Charlton. How many kilometers did Peter and his mother travel in all?
Hanna has a bag of 20 sweets and eats 7 of them what fraction of the sweets does she eat?
The fraction of sweets that does she eat is 7/20
In this case, we will be using fractions to describe the portion of sweets that Hanna eats from her bag of 20.
Hanna has a bag of 20 sweets, and she eats 7 of them. To find out what fraction of the sweets she eats, we need to determine the ratio of the number of sweets she eats to the total number of sweets in the bag.
So in this case, Hanna eats 7 sweets, and there are 20 sweets in the bag. Therefore, the fraction of sweets she eats can be written as:
=> 7/20
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pls answer this!!!!
<333
If x is a positive integer , 4x^1/2 is equivalent to
If x is a positive integer , 4x^1/2 is equivalent to product of 2 and square root of x, wherein it would surely be a positive value greater than 2.
Positive integers are the numbers on the number line which are greater then zero and extend on the right hand side of the number line till infinity. These numbers are also whole numbers in itself such as 1, 2, 3...,∞. When 4x^1/2 is calculated, it is assumed that 4x is raised to power half, which will provide the answer as 2√x.
It is because square root of 4 will be 2 and that of x will be √x. Square roots are the numbers obtained by multiplying a specific number by the number itself. For example: 3×3 = 9 or square root of 9 is 3.
If some positive integer is fixed in the equation, the desired outcome would be obtained as follows:
If x=4, (4×4)^1/2 = 4
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the chance of a blizzard tommorrow is 5%. write the complement of this event
Answer:
the chance of a blizzard tommorrow is 5%. write the complement of this event
Step-by-step explanation:
The complement of an event is the event that it does not happen, so the complement of a blizzard occurring tomorrow with a 5% chance is that a blizzard does not occur tomorrow with a probability of:
100% - 5% = 95%
Therefore, the complement event is that there is a 95% chance that a blizzard does not occur tomorrow.
if there is a sample, the standard error is used in the denominator of the z stat or t stat formula. group of answer choices true false
It is correct to state that if there is a sample, the standard error is used in the denominator of the z stat or t stat formula.
What is the formula for the test statistic?The t-distribution is used when we have the standard deviation for the sample instead of the population, hence the equation is given as follows:
[tex]t = \frac{\overline{x} - \mu}{\frac{s}{\sqrt{n}}}[/tex]
In which:
[tex]\overline{x}[/tex] is the sample mean.[tex]\mu[/tex] is the value tested at the null hypothesis.s is the standard deviation of the sample.n is the sample size.The standard error is modeled as follows:
[tex]s_e = \frac{s}{\sqrt{n}}[/tex]
Which is the denominator of the formula for the test statistic, hence the statement is true.
When we have the standard deviation for the population, we use the z-distribution, however the formula for the standard error is similar.
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which one do you think is the correct Triangle Congruence Theorem?
These theories are all true and can be used to demonstrate the congruence of two triangles.
what is triangle ?Three straight sides and three angles define the two-dimensional geometric form known as a triangle. It is created by joining three non-collinear plane lines. The three places where a triangle's sides intersect are known as the triangle's vertices, and the line segments that make up the triangle's sides are known as its edges or sides. A triangle's inner angles are always added up to 180 degrees. Triangles can be categorised according to their edges and side lengths.
given
Many triangular congruence theorems exist, and they are all true.
The two triangles are congruent if their two sides and included angles match those of another triangle, according to the Side-Angle-Side (SAS) congruence theory.
The Angle-Side-Angle (ASA) congruence theory states that two triangles are congruent if their included sides and two angles are congruent with one another.
The two triangles are congruent if all three sides of one triangle are congruent with all three sides of the other triangle, according to the Side-Side-Side (SSS) congruence theory.
The right triangles are congruent if their hypotenuses and legs are congruent with those of another right triangle, according to the Hypotenuse-Leg (HL) congruence theory.
These theories are all true and can be used to demonstrate the congruence of two triangles.
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Use Lagrange multiplier techniques to find shortest and longest distances from the origin to the curve x2 + xy + y2 = 3. shortest distance longest distance
The shortest distance from the origin to the curve x2 + xy + y2 = 3 is √(6-2√7) and the longest distance is √(6+2√7).
We have to find the shortest and longest distances from the origin to the curve x^2 + xy + y^2 = 3. This can be done using the Lagrange multiplier technique.
Given, x^2 + xy + y^2 = 3.
We have to minimize and maximize the distance of the origin from the given curve. The distance of the origin from the point (x, y) is given by √(x²+y²).
Therefore, we have to minimize and maximize the function f(x, y) = √(x²+y²) subject to the constraint x^2 + xy + y^2 = 3.
Now, we have to form the Lagrange function.
L(x, y, λ) = f(x, y) + λ(g(x, y))
where, g(x, y) = x2 + xy + y2 - 3L(x, y, λ) = √(x²+y²) + λ(x2 + xy + y2 - 3)
Now, we have to find the partial derivatives of L with respect to x, y, and λ.
∂L/∂x = x/√(x²+y²) + 2λx+y = 0 ............. (1)
∂L/∂y = y/√(x²+y²) + λx+2λy = 0 ............. (2)
∂L/∂λ = x² + xy + y² - 3 = 0 ............. (3)
Solving equations (1) and (2), we get x/√(x²+y²) = 2y/x.
Since x and y cannot be equal to 0 simultaneously, we can say that x/y = ±2.
Substituting x = ±2y in equation (3), we get y²(5±2√7) = 9.
Now, we can solve for x and y to get the values of (x, y) at which the minimum and maximum value of the distance of the origin occurs.
Using x = 2y, we get y²(5+2√7) = 9 ⇒ y = ±3/√(5+2√7)
Using x = -2y, we get y²(5-2√7) = 9 ⇒ y = ±3/√(5-2√7)
Therefore, the four points at which the distance is minimum and maximum are {(2/√(5+2√7), 1/√(5+2√7)), (-2/√(5+2√7), -1/√(5+2√7)), (2/√(5-2√7), -1/√(5-2√7)), (-2/√(5-2√7), 1/√(5-2√7))}.
To find the minimum and maximum distances, we can substitute these points in f(x, y) = √(x²+y²).
After substituting, we get the minimum distance as √(6-2√7) and the maximum distance as √(6+2√7).
Therefore, the shortest distance from the origin to the curve x^2 + xy + y^2 = 3 is √(6-2√7) and the longest distance is √(6+2√7).
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a retired potter can produce china pitchers at a cost of $5 each. she estimates her price function to be where p is the price at which exactly x pitchers will be sold per week. find the number of pitchers that she should produce and the price that she should charge in order to maximize profit. also find the maximum profit.
The number of pitchers that she should produce and the price that she should charge in order to maximize profit is 0 and $5, respectively, and the maximum profit is $0.
Given that a retired potter can produce china pitchers at a cost of $5 each. She estimates her price function to be where p is the price at which exactly x pitchers will be sold per week.
The formula for the profit is given by,
Profit = Revenue - Cost
The revenue for selling x pitchers at a price p is xp.
The total cost of producing x pitchers is 5x.
Therefore, Profit [tex]= xp - 5x[/tex]
Profit can be expressed as a function of x using the formulae of the function,
[tex]y = xp - 5x= (p - 5)x[/tex] .............(1)
Now, the number of pitchers that she should produce and the price that she should charge in order to maximize profit can be found by finding the maximum value of the profit function (1).
Let the maximum profit be P. Maximize P with respect to x. To find the maximum of a function of x, we can find its derivative and equate it to zero.
[tex]dP/dx = 0P = (p - 5)x[/tex]
Differentiate P with respect to x again to determine whether it is a maximum or minimum.
[tex]d^2P/dx^2 = -5 < 0[/tex]
Since [tex]d^2P/dx^2[/tex] is negative, the value of P is a maximum.
Substitute the value of x from equation (1) in terms of P to find
[tex]p.P = (p - 5)*P/(p - 5) \\\\p = 5[/tex]
Therefore, the price to maximize profit is $5 and the number of pitchers to produce is,
[tex]x = P/(p - 5) = P/0 =[/tex] undefined
Maximum profit is [tex]P = (p - 5)x = (5 - 5)x = $0[/tex]
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Victor spent $61 on some sandpaper for his model
cars. He bought 2 packages of the smallest-grain
sandpaper and spent the rest on the largest-grain
sandpaper. How many packages of the largest-
grain sandpaper did he buy?
Size of
Grain (cm)
0.003
0.011
0.001
Cost per
Package (S)
13
7
20
Answer:
3 packages
Step-by-step explanation:
61 - 20 * 2 (small grain sandpaper) = $21 remain. The largest grain costs $7, so 21/7 = 3 packages of the largest grain sandpaper was bought.
Hope this helped!
HELPPP
Write the expression as a single logarithm and then simplify, if possible.
[tex]3log5^2 - 2log5^3[/tex] simplifies to 0.
What is a lοgarithm?A lοgarithm is a mathematical functiοn that represents the expοnent tο which a given base must be raised tο prοduce a certain value. In οther wοrds, it is a way οf expressing a number in terms οf the pοwer tο which anοther fixed number, called the base, must be raised tο prοduce that number.
Using the pοwer rule οf lοgarithms, we can simplify the lοgarithms inside the expressiοn as fοllοws:
3lοg5² - 2lοg5³ [tex]= log5^{(23)} - log5^{(32)}[/tex]
Using the quοtient rule οf lοgarithms, we can cοmbine the lοgarithms as fοllοws:
[tex]log5^{(23)} - log5^{(32)} = log(5^{(23) / 5^(32)})[/tex]
Simplifying the expressiοn inside the lοgarithm:
[tex]log(5^{(23)}/ 5^{(32)}) = log(5^6 / 5^6) = log(1) = 0[/tex]
Therefοre, [tex]3\log5^2[/tex] - [tex]2\log5^3[/tex] simplifies tο 0.
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Find the area of the shaded part of the figure.
Answer:
60.5 cm²
Step-by-step explanation:
You want the shaded area of a parallelogram that has a trapezoid shape removed from it.
Parallelogram areaThe area of the parallelogram is the product of its base and height:
A = bh
A = (10 cm)(8 cm) = 80 cm²
Trapezoid areaThe area of the trapezoid is given by the formula ...
A = 1/2(b1 +b2)h
A = 1/2(5.5 cm +7.5 cm)(3 cm) = 1/2(13 cm)(3 cm) = 19.5 cm²
Shaded areaThe shaded area is the area of the parallelogram less the unshaded area of the trapezoid:
shaded = 80 cm² -19.5 cm² = 60.5 cm²
The shaded part of the figure has an area of 60.5 cm².
plsss help theorical probability
calculate the theoretical probability of a 1 eyed, 1 horned, flying, purple, people eater
The theoretical probability for the 1 horned, 1 eyed, flying, people eater purple is found to be 1/120.
Explain about the theoretical probability?Experimental Probability: Based on actual results rather than mathematical calculations, the experimental probability of an occurrence is the likelihood that the event will actually occur.
Theoretical Probability: Considering that the event is ideal, the theoretical chance that it will occur is the theoretically ideal probability of a specific result. The flaws in the system are not taken into consideration by theoretical probability.
Theoretical Probability = Number of favorable outcomes / Number of possible outcomes.
The given probability are;
1 eyed - 3/41 horned - 1/5flying - 2/3 purple -3/8 people eater - 1/2Let P(E) be the theoretical probability 1 horned, 1 eyed, flying, people eater purple.
Then,
P(E) = 3/4 * 1/5* 2/3* 3/8* 1/2
P(E) = 1/120
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Find the Volume of the given cylinder. Round your answer to the nearest tenth. 3 m 3 m
Answer: The volume of the cylinder is approximately 21.2 cubic meters
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the volume of a cylinder, we use the formula:
V = πr^2h
where:
V = volume
r = radius
h = height
In this case, we are given that the cylinder has a height of 3m, but we need to determine the radius.
Since we are not given the radius directly, we can estimate it from the diameter. If the cylinder has a diameter of 3m, then the radius would be half of that, or 1.5m.
So, substituting the values into the formula, we get:
V = π(1.5)^2(3)
V ≈ 21.2 m^3
Rounding to the nearest tenth, the volume of the cylinder is approximately 21.2 cubic meters.
can you guys help me with this
Answer:
b all real numbers are greater then or equal-2
I need help on this ! Please
Answer: Infinitely many solutions
Step-by-step explanation:
On the graph I have attached, you can see the two lines overlap each other. This means the linear equations have an infinite amount of solutions.
the two sides of a right triangle opposite the non-right angles are called
The two sides of a right triangle opposite the non-right angles are called as adjacent and opposite angle or Legs.
A triangle is a three-sided regular polygon in which the total of any two sides is always larger than the sum of the third side.
A right-angled triangle is one with one of its internal angles equal to 90 degrees, or any angle is a right angle. As a result, this triangle is also known as the right triangle or the 90-degree triangle. In trigonometry, the correct triangle is very significant.
A right-angled triangle is a triangle in which one of the angles is 90 degrees. The total of the other two angles is 90 degrees. The sides that include the right angle are perpendicular and form the triangle's base. The third side is known as the hypotenuse, and it is the longest of the three sides.
The three sides of the right triangle are connected. Pythagoras' theorem explains this relationship. This theorem states that in a right triangle,
Perpendicular² + Base² = Hypotenuse²
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a crime reporter was told that on average, 3000 burgalries per month occured in the city, write null hypothesis
A crime reporter's null hypothesis is:H0: The actual number of burglaries per month is 3000.
A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that claims that there is no significant relationship between two variables. The term "null" implies that no effect exists or that the effect is negligible. The null hypothesis is typically utilized in scientific research and experiments. It is also utilized in statistical studies, such as those investigating cause-and-effect relationships or the effects of a treatment or intervention.
The null hypothesis of a crime reporter regarding 3000 burglaries per month is that there is no significant difference between the observed results and what is expected or hypothesized. This is because 3000 burglaries per month is the average, and the null hypothesis aims to verify whether this is the actual result.
Therefore, a crime reporter's null hypothesis is:H0: The actual number of burglaries per month is 3000.
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What is one possibility for the price of Carlotta’s charges per person
$50 is one estimate for the cost of Carlotta's fees per individual. This is based on information from the article, which claims that some consumers pay $50 a session for Carlotta's services,
which are less expensive than conventional therapy. The precise price, however, is not stated and may change based on the client's financial status and the services rendered. Carlotta's services are priced in the article, although the details are not totally apparent. It states that Carlotta charges less than conventional therapy, indicating that her costs are reasonable and competitive. The article also mentions that some clients pay $50 for each session, which gives a particular pricing range. However, it is crucial to remember that the precise cost may change .
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please I need help finding degree of expression
Answer:
5
Step-by-step explanation:
100% correct
At the local pet store, zebra fish cost $2.00 each and neon tetras cost $2.30 each. If Yumi bought 13 fish for a total cost of $27.50, not including tax, how many of each type of fish did she buy?
If Yumi bought 13 fish for total then yumi bought 8 zebra fish and 5 neon tetras.
What is substitution?Substitution is a mathematical operation that involves replacing a variable or expression in an equation, function, or formula with another variable, expression, or value.
According to question:Let's assume Yumi bought x zebra fish and y neon tetras.
x + y = 13 (equation 1)
2x + 2.3y = 27.5 (equation 2)
Using equation 1, we can solve for one variable in terms of the other:
x = 13 - y
Then, change x in equation 2 to the following expression:
2(13 - y) + 2.3y = 27.5
Simplifying and solving for y:
26 - 2y + 2.3y = 27.5
0.3y = 1.5
y = 5
So Yumi bought 5 neon tetras. To find how many zebra fish she bought, we can substitute y = 5 into equation 1:
x + 5 = 13
x = 8
Therefore, Yumi bought 8 zebra fish and 5 neon tetras.
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1+3=?
i don't know
im not very smart
Answer:
4
Step-by-step explanation:
count 3 what comes next
Solve for x,
using the tangent lines.
X
42°
x = [?]
can someone pls help explain how they got the answer? i’m having a hard time understanding, ty :)
Answer:
138°
Step-by-step explanation:
You want the measure of the angle at two tangents when they intercept an arc of 42°.
Supplementary anglesThe short answer is that the exterior angle x is the supplement of the measure of the arc:
x = 180° -42°
x = 138°
Exterior angleAn exterior angle where secants meet is half the difference of the arcs of the circle they intercept. Here, the secants have been located so the corresponding chord length between the near and far circle intercept points have degenerated to zero. That is, they are tangents.
The angle relation still holds:
x = (long arc - short arc)/2 = ((360° -42°) -42°)/2 = (360° -2·42°)/2
x = 180° -42° = 138°
QuadrilateralThe tangents, together with their associated radii form a quadrilateral. The angles at the tangents are 90°, and the total of all angles is 360°. This gives us the relation ...
x + 90° +42° +90° = 360°
x +42° = 180° . . . . . . . . . . . . . subtract 180°
x = 180° -42° = 138°
(We solved this with an extra step, so you could see the same "supplementary angles" relationship between x and 42°.)
please help I need this complete
Answer: [tex]c-34=21[/tex]; 55 cups of lemonade.
Step-by-step explanation:
We are given the amount sold and the amount leftover so we need to figure out how many cups were there at the start. Since you are subtracting the amount of cups you sold from the amount you start with and it equals an end amount, the cups can be modeled by the equation [tex]c-34=21[/tex] rather than [tex]21+c=34[/tex].
Now to solve for c
[tex]c-34=21\\[/tex]
add 34 to both sides
[tex]c=55[/tex]
Given the right triangle below, what is the measure of angle G
Therefore, the measure of angle G in the right triangle is approximately 31.0 degrees.
What is trigonometry?Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. It is used to study the properties and behavior of triangles, and is also widely used in fields such as engineering, physics, surveying, and navigation. The three main trigonometric functions are sine, cosine, and tangent, which are abbreviated as sin, cos, and tan, respectively. These functions relate the ratios of the sides of a right triangle to the angles of the triangle. Trigonometry also involves other concepts such as the Pythagorean theorem, which relates the sides of a right triangle, and the unit circle, which is a circle of radius 1 used to define trigonometric functions of angles beyond 90 degrees. Trigonometry is widely used in a variety of applications, such as calculating the heights of buildings and mountains, designing bridges and other structures, and predicting the motion of objects in physics and engineering.
Here,
In a right triangle, the tangent of an acute angle is the ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the side adjacent to the angle.
Using this formula, we can find the tangent of angle G:
tan(G) = opposite / adjacent
tan(G) = 6 / 10
tan(G) = 0.6
To find the measure of angle G, we need to take the inverse tangent (or arctangent) of 0.6:
G = tan⁻¹(0.6)
G ≈ 31.0 degrees
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Solve the following: 2x + y = 15 y = 4x + 3
A cruise ship compartment can hold 440 pieces of luggage. If a ship had 42 compartments,how many pieces of luggage can it hold?
Answer: 18480
i used a calculator :)
If a large bag of the same candy has 75 pieces, which of the 5 colors is likely to appear the most? justify your answer.
If a large bag of the same candy has 75 pieces, then the expected average for each color is 15 pieces.
Now, let's apply this concept to our candy problem. If the bag of candy has 75 pieces, we can assume that each color makes up approximately 1/5 or 20% of the total. That means each color should have an equal chance of appearing, with an expected average of 15 pieces per color (75 pieces divided by 5 colors).
However, this is only an expected average. In reality, there may be some variation in the number of pieces of each color that we actually find in the bag. This variation can be caused by a variety of factors, such as the manufacturing process, the mixing of different batches of candy, or even random chance.
To determine which color is likely to appear the most, we can look at the range of variation for each color. If the range of variation for a particular color is higher than the expected average of 15 pieces, then that color is more likely to appear more often than the others. On the other hand, if the range of variation is lower than the expected average, then that color is less likely to appear as often.
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Let P be some predicate. Check the box next to each scenario in which ∀n ∈ N, P(n) must be true.
a) For every natural number k > 0 , if P(i) holds for every natural number i < k, then P(k) holds.
b) P(0) holds and for every natural number k > 0, if P(i) does not hold, then there is some natural number i < k such that P(i) does not hold.
c) For every natural number k, if P(i) holds for every natural number i < k, then P(k) holds.
d) For every natural number k, if P(k) does not hold, then there is a smaller natural number i < k such that P(i) does not hold.
Answer:
A
Step-by-step explanation:
a) ✔️
This is the principle of mathematical induction. If P holds for the base case k=1 and we can show that if it holds for any arbitrary k (e.g. k=n) then it must also hold for the next value (e.g. k=n+1), then we have shown it holds for all natural numbers.
b) ❌
There is no guarantee that P holds for all natural numbers from the statement alone. It only guarantees that for any k where P does not hold, there exists a smaller number i where P does not hold.
c) ❌
This is the principle of weak mathematical induction. It only shows that if P holds for a given k and for all smaller values i then it must hold for k+1. It does not guarantee that P holds for all natural numbers.
d) ❌
This statement is the negation of the principle of mathematical induction. It is known as the "strong induction" principle, which assumes that if P does not hold for k, then there exists a smaller i where P does not hold. However, this principle is not sufficient to prove that P holds for all natural numbers k.