When the concentration of solutes is greater outside the cells than inside the cells, the solution outside the cells is Hypotonic (C)
What is Hypotonic solution?The term "hypotonic solution" describes a solution that, when passed through a semipermeable membrane, has a lower solute concentration than other solutions. A solution like this one will result in a lower solute concentration as well as an overall flow of water within the cell. This results in the swelling breaking apart. As a direct consequence of this, the osmotic pressure of a hypotonic solution is significantly lower than the osmotic pressure of other solutions.
The osmotic potential of a hypotonic solution causes water molecules to move into a cell from outside the cell. When water molecules continue to diffuse into a cell, the cell can enlarge. And it can cause the cell to rupture or undergo cytosis. But unlike animal cells, plant cells have a solid cell wall and are less likely to burst.
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a rigid cylinder with a movable piston contains a sample of gas. at 27 c, this sample has a pressure of 240. kilopascals and a volume of 70.0 milliliters. what is the volume of this sample when the temperature is changed to 150. k and the pressure is changed to 160. kilopascals?
The quantity of this pattern whilst the temperature is modified to one hundred fifty. K and the pressure are changed to 160. Kilopascals is 52.5 mL.
The calculation is as follows:
[tex]\frac{240kPa \times 70 mL}{300K} = \frac{160kPa\timesV2}{150K}\\\\ V2 = \frac{150K}{1600KPa} \times \frac{240kPa \times 70 mL}{300K}[/tex]
So, the Volume is 52.5 mL.
Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Temperature is essential in all fields of natural science, which includes physics, chemistry, Earth technology, astronomy, remedy, biology, ecology, material technology, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, and geography in addition to maximum elements of day-by-day lifestyles.
Thermometers are calibrated in diverse temperature scales that traditionally have depended on various reference factors and thermometric materials for definition. The most not unusual scales are the Celsius scale with the unit image °C (previously called centigrade), the Fahrenheit scale (°F), and the Kelvin scale (ok), the latter getting used predominantly for medical purposes. The kelvin is one of the seven base units within the international system of devices (SI).
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Calculate the density of an irregularly shaped object that weighs 15.324 g. The volume of the object was measured through displacement. The initial volume in the graduated cylinder was 20.8 mL and the final volume was 34.8 mL.
The density of the irregularly shaped object is 1.09464 g/mL (calculated as 15.324 g divided by 14 mL).
To calculate the density of an object, we need to divide its mass by its volume. We can calculate the volume of the irregularly shaped object by subtracting the initial volume in the graduated cylinder from the final volume after the object was placed in it:
34.8 mL - 20.8 mL = 14 mL
So, the volume of the object is 14 mL. We can now calculate the density:
density = mass / volume
density = 15.324 g / 14 mL = 1.09464 g/mL
So, the density of the irregularly shaped object is approximately 1.09464 g/mL.
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If I start the following reaction with 5 moles of oxygen how many moles of MgO will be produced?
We will produce 6 moles of magnesium oxide
What does a mole with cancer look like?a rough border Typically, the edges are jagged, scalloped, or fuzzy in appearance. The nearby skin may be covered by the pigment. erratic color: There could be shades of tan, brown, and black. It's also possible to have patches of white, black, red, pink, or blue color.
If we have 6 moles of magnesium, then we use the ratios from the balanced equation to find the moles of oxygen needed
MOLES O₂ = MOLES MG * (1 O₂ / 2 Mg) <--- we get this from equation
= 6 mol Mg * (1 O₂ / 2 Mg)
= 3 mol O₂
We need 3 moles of oxygen otherwise we will not have all 6 moles of magnesium react. This will product
MOLES MgO = MOLES MG * (2 MgO / 2 Mg)
= 6 mol Mg * (2 MgO / 2 Mg)
= 6 mol MgO
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which dissolved inorganic nutrient do diatoms require to make their glass-like shells? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices iron carbon phosphorus nitrogen silica
Silica is the inorganic nutrient do diatoms require to make their glass-like shells.
Diatoms are defined as a special type of freshwater algae which contains siliceous shells (made of silica). Diatoms are also known as photosynthesising algae, they have a siliceous skeleton known as frustule and are found in almost every aquatic environment including fresh and marine waters, soils, in fact almost anywhere moist.
Generally, diatom cells are contained within a unique silica cell wall known as a frustule which is made up of two valves called thecae, that typically overlap one another. The biogenic silica which composes the cell wall is synthezised intracellularly by the polymerization of monomers of silicic acid.
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Calculate the mass of salt (g) that will be obtained from 130 g of zinc salt when dissolving in acid.
Answer:
130/9.8=78.22
the mass of salt is 78.22
sehold bleach is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite. what is the molarity of a bleach solution that contains of sodium hypochlorite in a total volume of ?
The molarity of a bleach solution that contains is 0.734M.
Molarity = moles solute/volume of solution (L)
molNaclO = 20.5×
volume of solution= 375 ml= 0.375L
Molarity= 0.275mol/0.375L= 0.734M
Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a sure extent of solution. Molarity is described because the moles of a solute are in keeping with the liters of an answer. Molarity is also referred to as the molar concentration of an answer.
The molarity of a given solution is described as the overall quantity of moles of solute per liter of answer. The molality of an answer is depending on the adjustments in physical properties of the machine along with strain and temperature as unlike mass, the volume of the gadget adjusts with the change in bodily situations of the gadget. Molarity is represented through M, that's termed as molar. One molar is the molarity of a solution wherein one gram of solute is dissolved in a liter of answer.
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Complete Question:
Ordinary household bleach is an aqueous solution of sodiumhypochlorite. What is the molarity of a bleach solution thatcontains 20.5g of sodium hypochlorite in a total volume of375mL?
when a thin uniform stick of mass m and length l is pivoted about its midpoint, its rotational inertia is ml2/12. when pivoted about a parallel axis through one end, its rotational inertia is: group of answer choices ml2/12 ml2/6 ml2/3 7ml2/12 13ml2/12
The rotational inertia of a uniform stick of mass m and length l when pivoted about a parallel axis through one end is ml2/6.
This is because the rotational inertia of an object is the sum of the moment of inertia of the object about the pivot point and the mass moment of inertia of the object about the axis of rotation. The moment of inertia of a uniform stick pivoted about its midpoint is equal to ml2/12, and the mass moment of inertia of the object about the axis of rotation is also ml2/12. Thus, the rotational inertia of a uniform stick of mass m and length l when pivoted about a parallel axis through one end is ml2/6, which is equal to the sum of the moment of inertia and the mass moment of inertia.
Rotational inertia (I) = Moment of inertia (I1) + Mass moment of inertia (I2)
I = I1 + I2
When the stick is pivoted about its midpoint:
I1 = ml2/12
I2 = 0
I = ml2/12
When the stick is pivoted about a parallel axis through one end:
I1 = 0
I2 = ml2/12
I = ml2/6
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How many atoms of carbon present in 3.9g of benzene
Answer:
no. of carbon atoms = 1.806 × 10²³
Explanation:
The question asks us to find the number of atoms in 3.9 g of benzene.
To do this we must know that the chemical formula of benzene is C₆H₆.
Therefore, the molecular mass of benzene is:
R.M.M = (12 × 6) + (1 × 6)
= 72 + 6
= 78
Now that we know the molecular mass of benzene, we have to find the number of moles of benzene in 3.9 g of benzene:
no. of moles = [tex]\mathrm{\frac{mass}{R.M.M}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{3.9}{78}[/tex]
= 0.05 mol
From the number of moles, we can find the number of molecules of benzene using the formula:
[tex]\boxed{\mathrm{no. \ of \ molecules = no. \ of \ moles \times Avogadro's \ number}}[/tex]
where Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 10²³
Therefore,
no. of molecules of benzene = 0.05 × 6.02 × 10²³
= 3.01 × 10²²
Since each molecule of benzene contains 6 atoms of carbon, we have to multiply the number of benzene molecules by 6:
no. of carbon atoms = 3.01 × 10²² × 6
= 1.806 × 10²³
Therefore, there are 1.806 × 10²³ atoms of carbon in 3.9 g of benzene.
what is units are conserved in a chemical reaction? what units are not conserved in a chemical reaction?
As a result, mass is never conserved since every reaction results in a small amount of mass becoming energy or vice versa. However, mass plus energy always conserves. Energy cannot be produced in a vacuum.
The principle of mass conservation states that mass neither creates nor destroys itself during a chemical reaction. For instance, the carbon atom in coal burns and becomes carbon dioxide. Despite changing from a solid to a gas, the carbon atom's mass does not. Mass does not remain constant throughout chemical reactions. It is observed that throughout nuclear and chemical reactions, two physical quantities—the total charge and the number of particles—remain unaltered and preserved. The quantity that is lost in an inelastic collision is called the kinetic energy.
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the isotopes of hydrogen are often referred to by their common names. write the chemical formula for the isotope deuterium. include the mass number and the atomic number.
The chemical formula for the isotope that is deuterium, with the mass number and the atomic number is ²H₁.
There are the three isotopes of the hydrogen that is , the protium ¹H₁, the deuterium ²H₁ or D and lastly tritium ³H₁ or T. These three isotopes have the different number of the neutrons present in them. The deuterium consist of the 1 proton and 1 neutron in the nucleus. The deuterium not the radioactive. The deuterium is the naturally occurring isotope of the hydrogen.
Thus, ²H₁ is the chemical formula of the deuterium with the mass number 2 and the atomic number 1.
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Calculate the molarity of a solution made using 54.5 gram HCl and 5520 mL of solution
The number of moles of 54.5 g of ammonia is 1.493 . The volume of the solution is 5.52 L. Then the molarity of the solution is 0.27 M.
What is molarity ?Molarity of a solution is a common term used to express the concentration of a solution. It is the the ratio of number of moles of the solute to the volume of solution in liters.
Given that the solution contains 75 g of ammonia.
molar mass of HCl = 36.5 g/mol.
no.of moles in 54.5 g = 54.5/36.5 = 1.493 moles.
volume of solution =5520 ml = 5.52 L.
molarity = no.of moles of solute/volume of solution in L.
=1.49 mole/ 5.52 l =0.27 M.
Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 0.27 M.
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when 7.00 g of hydrogen react with 70.0 g of nitrogen, hydrogen is considered the limiting reactant because
Hydrogen is considered the limiting reactant in this reaction because it is present in a smaller amount compared to nitrogen.
The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed before the other reactant, and determines the amount of product that can be produced.
In a chemical reaction, the limiting reactant is the one that limits the amount of product that can be formed, because it is the one that is used up first. In this case, the reaction between 7.00 g of hydrogen and 70.0 g of nitrogen can only produce a certain amount of product based on the amount of hydrogen available. Once the hydrogen has reacted, no further reaction can occur.
It is important to identify the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction because it helps to determine the theoretical yield of the reaction, which is the maximum amount of product that can be produced. The theoretical yield can then be compared to the actual yield to evaluate the efficiency of the reaction.
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Someone send me an essay of the important human values
concentrated aqueous hcl contains 38% by mass of hcl. calculate the mass of water present in 2.50 x 102 g of this solution.
There is 1.55 x 102 g of water present in 2.50 x 102 g of the concentrated aqueous HCl solution.
To calculate the mass of water in 2.50 x 102 g of a concentrated aqueous HCl solution that contains 38% by mass of HCl, we can use the following equation:
mass of solution = mass of solute + mass of solvent
In this case, the solute is HCl, and the solvent is water. We know the mass of the solution and the mass of the solute, so we can solve for the mass of the solvent.
First, we need to convert the percent by mass of HCl to its mass in grams:
2.50 x 102 g x 38% HCl / 100% = 0.95 g HCl
Next, we can use the equation above to solve for the mass of water:
2.50 x 102 g = 0.95 g HCl + mass of water
Solving for the mass of water:
mass of water = 2.50 x 102 g - 0.95 g HCl = 1.55 x 102 g
So, there is 1.55 x 102 g of water present in 2.50 x 102 g of the concentrated aqueous HCl solution.
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what is the molality of a glucose solution prepared by dissolving 54.0 g of glucose, c6h12o6, in 125.9 g of water?
The molality of a glucose solution prepared by dissolving 54.0 g of glucose, c6h12o6, in 125.9 g of water is 2.374.
Molality (m) is a way of indicating the concentration of a solute dissolved in a solution. It is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the mass of the solvent in kg.
molality = moles solute/kg solvent
Molar mass of [tex]C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}[/tex] is 180.15588 g/mol.
moles of solute = 54/180.15588
moles of solute = 0.299
mass of solvent in kg is, 0.1259 kg
Molality = 0.299/0.1259
Molality = 2.374
The molality is 2.374.
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16 H2S(g) + 8 SO2(g) → 3 S8(s) + 16 H2O(g)
What volume of hydrogen sulfide gas, H2S, at 24.4 °C and 759 mmHg will produce 5.85 g of Sulfur? The molar mass of S8 is 256.56 g/mol.
Answer:
Therefore, about 2.79 L of H2S gas at 24.4 °C and 759 mmHg is needed to produce 5.85 g of Sulfur.
Explanation:
We can use stoichiometry to relate the amount of H2S needed to produce 5.85 g of S8:
16 moles of H2S + 8 moles of SO2 → 3 moles of S8 + 16 moles of H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 3 moles of S8 are produced for every 16 moles of H2S used. The molar mass of S8 is 256.56 g/mol, so 5.85 g of S8 is equivalent to:
5.85 g S8 × (1 mol S8/256.56 g S8) = 0.0228 mol S8
Since the ratio of H2S to S8 is 16:3, we can find the amount of H2S needed using the following proportion:
16 moles H2S / 3 moles S8 = x moles H2S / 0.0228 moles S8
Solving for x, we get:
x = (16/3) × 0.0228 moles H2S = 0.1224 moles H2S
Now we can use the ideal gas law to find the volume of H2S needed:
PV = nRT
V = nRT/P
where P is the pressure in atm, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)), and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Converting the temperature to Kelvin, we have:
T = 24.4 °C + 273.15 = 297.55 K
We are given the pressure as 759 mmHg, which is equivalent to:
759 mmHg × (1 atm/760 mmHg) = 0.998 atm
Substituting in the values, we get:
V = (0.1224 mol) × (0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K)) × (297.55 K) / (0.998 atm)
V ≈ 2.79 L
for the reaction at equilibrium, if the concentration of n2 is increased, will the equilibrium shift in the direction ofreactants, products, or stay the same?a)reactantsb)products
Effect of concentration: Ammonia is more likely to develop when reactants are concentrated. Le-principle Chatelier's states that if the concentration of N2 or H2 is increased, equilibrium will move to a forward direction, increasing the production of ammonia.
Heat + N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) Think about increasing the nitrogen gas concentration. Since the reaction is pushed to the right when nitrogen gas concentration is increased, we may be certain that the equilibrium will shift to the right. The equilibrium system will change in a way that lowers the concentration of a reaction species if its concentration is increased (while keeping T and V constant). The opposite impact will be seen if the concentration of a reactive species is reduced.
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How many total atoms are in this compound? (3)2
The total number of atoms present in the compound, Ca(ClO3)2 would be 5.4198 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] atoms.
Number of atoms in a compoundRecall that 1 mole of substances = 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms
For Ca(ClO3)2:
1 mole Ca = 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms2 moles Cl = 2 x 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms = 1.2044x [tex]10^{24[/tex]6 moles O = 6 x 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms = 3.6132 x [tex]10^{24[/tex]Total number of atoms in the compound = 6.022 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] + 1.2044x [tex]10^{24[/tex] + 3.6132 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] = 5.4198 x x [tex]10^{24[/tex] atoms
In other words, the total number of atoms in the compound is 5.4198 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] atoms.
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How many total atoms are in this compound? Ca(ClO3)2
When hydrocarbons are burned in a limited amount of air, both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide form. When 0. 450 g of a particular hydrocarbon was burned in air, 0. 467 g of carbon monoxide, 0. 733 g of carbon dioxide, and 0. 450 g of water were formed. This particular hydrocarbon consists only of hydrogen and carbon?
Amount of oxygen used in the whole reaction is 0.243g and 1.336g amount of oxygen is required for complete combustion .
In natural science, a hydrocarbon is a natural compound comprising completely of hydrogen and carbon.[1]: 620 Hydrocarbons are instances of gathering 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons are by and large drab and hydrophobic; their scent is normally weak, and might be like that of gas or lighter liquid. They happen in a different scope of sub-atomic designs and stages: they can be gases (like methane and propane), fluids (like hexane and benzene), low liquefying solids, (for example, paraffin wax and naphthalene) or polymers (like polyethylene and polystyrene).
We need to find the moles of each of the product,which is the ratio of amount of solute dived by the molecular weight.
Moles of carbon dioxide=0.733/44=0.0166
Moles of carbon monoxide=0.467/28=0.00166
Moles of water=0.450/18=0.025
1) Utilizing the law of conservation of mass :
m(C[tex]_x[/tex]H[tex]_y[/tex]) + m(O₂) = m(CO) + m(CO₂) + m(H₂O)
m(O₂) = m(CO) + m(CO₂) + m(H₂O) - m(C[tex]_x[/tex]H[tex]_y[/tex]) = 0.425 + 0.668 + 0.410 - 0.410 = 1.093 (g)
2) If we need to finish ignition, we really want to oxidize CO to CO₂
2CO + O₂ = 2CO₂
madd(O₂) = M(O₂)∙ˣ(O₂) = M(O₂)∙ˣ(CO)/2 = M(O₂)∙ˣm(C)
2M(CO)
= 32∙0.425
2∙28
= 0.243 (g)
mtotal(O₂) = m(O₂) + madd(O₂) = 1.093 +0.243 = 1.336 (g)
Hence,required answers are 0.243g and 1.336g.
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(Complete question) is:
When hydrocarbons are burned in a limited amount of air, both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide form. When 0. 450 g of a particular hydrocarbon was burned in air, 0. 467 g of carbon monoxide, 0. 733 g of carbon dioxide, and 0. 450 g of water were formed. This particular hydrocarbon consists only of hydrogen and carbon?
1) How many grams of O₂ were used in the reaction?
2) How many grams would have been required for complete combustion?
mechanical regulation of lithium intrusion probability in garnet solid electrolytes
Mechanical regulation of lithium intrusion probability in garnet solid electrolytes refers to the control of the likelihood of lithium ions entering the garnet crystal structure. This regulation is accomplished through mechanical means, such as applied pressure or deformations.
Garnet solid electrolytes have potential applications in lithium-ion batteries, as they offer high ionic conductivity and chemical stability. However, the lithium intrusion probability, or the likelihood of lithium ions entering the garnet structure, can negatively impact the performance of the battery. By mechanically regulating the lithium intrusion probability, the performance and stability of the battery can be improved. Mechanical regulation of lithium intrusion probability is achieved by applying pressure or deforming the garnet solid electrolyte. This changes the spacing between the crystals, making it more difficult or easier for lithium ions to enter the crystal structure. By controlling the lithium intrusion probability through mechanical means, the performance of the garnet-based lithium-ion batteries can be optimized.
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when magnesium loses electrons to become an ion, what does it become?
Answer:
It becomes an a positive ion (cation)
Explanation:
In order to become an ion, atoms should lose or gain electrons.
magnesium is losing 2 electrons which means that the ratio of protons is more than electrons. (proton-positive , electron-negative)
Magnesium has 12 electrons (electronic configuration: 2,8,2) which means it needs to lose 2 electrons. After it loses 2 electrons, there will be 12 protons and 10 electrons and since there is more protons it becomes positively charged.
Making it Mg²⁺
When magnesium loses two electrons, it becomes a magnesium ion with a 2+ charge, often denoted as Mg2+. The magnesium ion has a stable electron configuration and is attracted to negatively charged ions or molecules, such as chloride (Cl-) or oxygen (O2-).
Magnesium (Mg) is a metallic element that belongs to the second group of the periodic table. It is a highly reactive metal and easily loses two electrons to form an ion with a positive charge.
Magnesium ions are essential for many biological processes, including muscle contraction, nerve function, and the synthesis of DNA and RNA. They are also used in various industrial applications, such as the production of aluminum alloys and the purification of molten iron.
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a 14.5 g 14.5 g sample of caso4 caso 4 is found to contain 4.27 g 4.27 g of ca ca and 6.82 g 6.82 g of o. find the mass of sulfur in a sample of caso4 caso 4 with a mass of 62.1 g.
21.44 g. the mass of sulfur in a sample of caso4 caso 4 with a mass of 62.1 g.
The mass of sulfur in a sample of CASO4 with a mass of 62.1 g can be calculated as follows:The molar mass of CASO4 is (40 g + 32 g + 16 g + 4 g = 92 g). The mass of CASO4 in the sample is 62.1 g, so the amount of CASO4 in the sample is (62.1 g/92 g = 0.67 moles).
Since the sample contains 4.27 g of calcium and 6.82 g of oxygen, the amount of sulfur in the sample is (0.67 moles x 32 g = 21.44 g). Thus, the mass of sulfur in the sample of CASO4 is 21.44 g.the pressure of a gas is equal to the number of moles of the gas multiplied by its temperature and the universal gas constant, divided by the volume of the container.
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Describe the patterns of water used in the USA for different areas and types of usage. How can water usage cause problems?
The patterns of water use in the USA vary based on different factors such as the geography, climate, and the type of usage
Water usage can cause various problems if not managed properly such as pollution and scarcity.
How is water used in America ?Some areas in the US have abundant sources of water while others are water-scarce.
Agriculture is the largest water user in the US, followed by municipal and industrial uses. Irrigation is the main water usage in agricultural areas, while urban areas tend to use water for drinking, bathing, and other household purposes.
Excessive water usage can also lead to water scarcity, water pollution, and other environmental problems. Additionally, water usage conflicts can arise between different regions, states, and even countries. Therefore
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Draw the structure of (E)-4-bromo-5-methylhex-3-en-1-yne
The structure of (E)-4-bromo-5-methylhex-3-en-1-yne is given below. In this isomer, the two hydrogens on the triple bonded carbon are in the opposite sides.
What are haloalkynes ?Haloalkynes are organic compounds with one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms and any halogens like, Cl, Br etc. attached to any carbon.
The E/Z notation is used to distinguish the two types of stereo isomers of alkenes and alkynes. The E notation is given to the isomer with same groups located in the opposite sides of the double bond or triple bond .
If they are located in same side, the isomer is termed as Z. Here, the two hydrogen groups are attached in the opposite side of the triple bond .
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If a student did not sufficiently dry the sand or salt, what affect will it have on the overall mass recovered measured and mass percentage of the recovered mixture?
Divide the weight of the sand by the total weight of salt and sand, multiply by 100, and you will have the percentage of sand.
How can you figure out the components' percentages in the salt and sand mixture by mass?The mass of each individual component divided by the sum of all the components in the mixture gives the percent composition by mass. The amount is multiplied by 100 to represent it as a percentage.The mass of salt is simply divided by the total mass of the combination, and the result is multiplied by 100% to get the percentage of salt in the mixture.Divide the weight of the sand by the total weight of salt and sand, multiply by 100, and you will have the percentage of sand. If you took 3.010 grams of salt and 1.015 grams of sand and separated the two, the resulting combination would be 33.72 grams.Divide the weight of the sand by the total weight of salt and sand, multiply by 100, and you will have the percentage of sand.To learn more about mass refer to:
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Please answer this question, see the image attached.
The molecular formula of the given compound is determined as C0.98 H1.47 O0.98.
What are a molecular formula and an empirical formula?Only the atomic proportions of the various elements present in the molecule are indicated by the empirical formula. A compound's molecular formula is the chemical representation of the true chemical end up making of its constituent molecules. It expresses the exact number of atoms from distinct elements that comprise one compound molecule.
Molar mass of empirical compound => C2H3O2
=> 59.04g
The compound of given molecular weight => 119g/mol
=> 59.04/119= 0.49
Therefore, the molecular formula of given compound = C2H3O2 x 0.49
=> C0.98 H1.47 O0.98
Is the empirical formula the same as the molar mass?The primary difference between molar mass and formula mass is that molar mass corresponds to the mass in gram of one mole of substance, however formula mass corresponds to the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a compound's empirical formula.
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does biochemistry differ from organic chem-istry? explain your answer. (consider such features as solvents, concentrations, temperatures, speed, yields, side reactions, and internal control.)
Biochemistry and organic chemistry are related fields that study the chemistry of living organisms and non-living organic matter, respectively.
However, there are some key differences between the two fields in terms of the techniques and conditions used in their experiments.
Solvents: Biochemistry experiments often use aqueous solvents, such as water, which are well suited for biological systems. Organic chemistry experiments, on the other hand, may use a variety of organic solvents, such as ethanol or acetone, depending on the nature of the reaction.
Concentrations: The concentration of reactants and products in biochemistry experiments is often much lower than in organic chemistry experiments. This is because biological systems are typically composed of low concentrations of individual components.
Temperatures: Biochemistry experiments are usually carried out at near-physiological temperatures (37°C) to simulate the conditions in a living organism. Organic chemistry experiments, on the other hand, may be carried out at a wider range of temperatures, depending on the specific reaction requirements.
Speed: Biochemical reactions can often be slower than organic chemical reactions because they are controlled by enzymes and other biological catalysts.
Yields: Biochemical reactions can often have lower yields compared to organic chemical reactions due to the delicate nature of biological systems and the potential for side reactions or interference from other components in the system.
Side Reactions: Biochemical reactions are often more complex than organic chemical reactions because they involve multiple interactions and feedback mechanisms within the biological system. This increases the potential for side reactions and interference, which can affect the overall yield of the reaction.
Internal Control: Biochemical reactions are often regulated by internal control mechanisms, such as feedback inhibition and allosteric regulation, which help to maintain homeostasis within the biological system. This is not typically seen in organic chemical reactions.
In summary, biochemistry and organic chemistry differ in the solvents, concentrations, temperatures, speed, yields, side reactions, and internal control mechanisms used in their experiments, reflecting the unique properties and requirements of the biological and non-living organic systems they study.
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suppose that the molecule was overwound, also with a superhelix density of 0.06. how many superhelical turns would this molecule have?
If the molecule has a length of 22050 base pairs and a superhelix density of 0.06, it would have 132.3 superhelical turns.
The number of superhelical turns in a molecule can be calculated from its superhelix density. Superhelix density is defined as the number of turns per unit length of the molecule and is typically expressed as turns per 10 base pairs. If a molecule has a superhelix density of 0.06, this means that for every 10 base pairs, there are 0.06 turns in the superhelix.
To calculate the number of superhelical turns in the molecule, we need to know its length. If the length of the molecule is L base pairs, the number of superhelical turns can be calculated as:
Superhelical turns = 0.06 × (L/10)
With the length of the molecule being 22050 base pairs, we can calculate the number of superhelical turns as follows:
Superhelical turns = 0.06 × (22050/10) = 132.3 turns
So, if the molecule has a length of 22050 base pairs and a superhelix density of 0.06, it would have 132.3 superhelical turns.
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The particular plasmid (22050 base pairs) was isolated and the circular DNA was overwound, also with a superhelix density of 0.06. how many superhelical turns would this molecule have.
explain how tlc could be used to monitor the reduction of methoxybenzaldehyde to methoxybenzyl alcohol using nabh4 as a reducing agent.
The more polar compound will bind to the plate. On the TLC plate, the lowest one binds more strongly, so methoxybenzyl alcohol will have a lower Rf value than methoxy benzaldehyde.
In chemistry, a compound is a substance made up of or greater different chemical elements combined in a fixed ratio. while the elements come collectively, they react with every other and shape chemical bonds which can be difficult to interrupt. those bonds form due to sharing or replacing electrons between atoms.
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many equal molecules containing atoms from a couple of chemical elements held collectively by using chemical bonds. A molecule along with atoms of the most effective one detail is consequently not a compound. A compound is a material composed of or greater additives. Water, carbon dioxide, and desk salt are some examples of compounds.
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after a yellow solid is dissolved in water, the liquid appears to be uniformly yellow throughout. this yellow liquid is best classified as a(n) group of answer choices compound. ideal mixture. homogeneous mixture. heterogeneous mixture.
The yellow liquid is best classified as a heterogeneous mixture.
After a yellow solid is dissolved in water, the liquid appears to be uniformly yellow throughout. This is an example of a heterogeneous mixture.
Heterogeneous mixtures are those mixtures in which the components are not evenly distributed over the major components or constituents of the mixture. They can be distinguishable and can be separated by various separation techniques.
This unevenly distributed pattern of heterogeneous mixtures is the sole reason why most people shake the mixtures before using them.
Some other examples of heterogeneous mixture are copper sulphate solution, milk of magnesia etc.
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