PLS HELP! THANK YOU! :) explain the structure of plant organs and the adaptations plants have for pollination, fertilisation, dispersal, germination and plant growth

Answers

Answer 1

Explanation:

Introduction

Plants have evolved different reproductive strategies for the continuation of their species. Some plants reproduce sexually while others reproduce asexually, in contrast to animal species, which rely almost exclusively on sexual reproduction. Plant sexual reproduction usually depends on pollinating agents, while asexual reproduction is independent of these agents. Flowers are often the showiest or most strongly-scented part of plants. With their bright colors, fragrances, and interesting shapes and sizes, flowers attract insects, birds, and animals to serve their pollination needs. Other plants pollinate via wind or water; still others self-pollinate.

Asexual Reproduction

Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction. Other terms that apply are vegetative propagation, clonal growth, or vegetative multiplication. Vegetative growth is enlargement of the individual plant, while vegetative reproduction is any process that results in new plant “individuals” without production of seeds or spores. It is both a natural process in many, many species as well as a process utilized or encouraged by horticulturists and farmers to obtain quantities of economically-valuable plants. In this respect, it is a form of cloning that has been carried out by humanity for thousands of years and by plants for hundreds of millions of years. Sexual Reproduction and The Flower

The flower is the reproductive organ of plants classified as angiosperms. All plants have the means and corresponding structures for reproducing sexually. The basic function of a flower is to produce seeds through sexual reproduction. Seeds are the next generation, serving as the primary method in most plants by which individuals of the species are dispersed across the landscape. Actual dispersal is, in most species, a function of the fruit (a structural part that typically surrounds the seed).

image

Plants and sexual reproduction: Plants that reproduce sexually often achieve fertilization with the help of pollinators such as (a) bees, (b) birds, and (c) butterflies.

Sexual Reproduction in Gymnosperms

Gymnosperms produce both male and female gametophytes on separate cones and rely on wind for pollination.

image

Male and female gametophytes: These series of micrographs shows male and female gymnosperm gametophytes. (a) This male cone, shown in cross section, has approximately 20 microsporophylls, each of which produces hundreds of male gametophytes (pollen grains). (b) Pollen grains are visible in this single microsporophyll. (c) This micrograph shows an individual pollen grain. (d) This cross section of a female cone shows portions of about 15 megasporophylls. (e) The ovule can be seen in this single megasporophyll. (f) Within this single ovule are the megaspore mother cell (MMC), micropyle, and a pollen grain.

Female Gametophyte

The female cone also has a central axis on which bracts known as megasporophylls are present. In the female cone, megaspore mother cells are present in the megasporangium. The megaspore mother cell divides by meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores. One of the megaspores divides to form the multicellular female gametophyte, while the others divide to form the rest of the structure. The female gametophyte is contained within a structure called the archegonium.

Reproductive Process

Upon landing on the female cone, the tube cell of the pollen forms the pollen tube, through which the generative cell migrates towards the female gametophyte through the micropyle. It takes approximately one year for the pollen tube to grow and migrate towards the female gametophyte. The male gametophyte containing the generative cell splits into two sperm nuclei, one of which fuses with the egg, while the other degenerates. After fertilization of the egg, the diploid zygote is formed, which divides by mitosis to form the embryo. The scales of the cones are closed during development of the seed. The seed is covered by a seed coat, which is derived from the female sporophyte. Seed development takes another one to two years. Once the seed is ready to be dispersed, the bracts of the female cones open to allow the dispersal of seed; no fruit formation takes place because gymnosperm seeds have no covering.


Related Questions

Explain how scientists use geologic time to determine the age of landforms.

Answers

geologic time use the layer of Rock to describe relationship of events and their sequence chronological order over the history of Earth the layering is a result of the buildingup tiny beats of rocks sediments or Lava cooling at the surface of many years think think of it like a stock of pancakes-the bottom layer is the one that was placed first and therefore is the oldest. the sediments that create the layer of the earth as said one or top of the other

In the system used to classify all organisms, which of the following is true

(A) All groups have the same number of organisms.
(B) Organisms in the same group have similar characteristics.
(C) The largest groups have the most important animals.
(D) Organisms are placed in groups by how big they are.

Answers

Answer:

B is correct, Organisms in the same group have similar characteristics

Explanation:

B
They need to have similar characteristics

vegetable seeds that do not germinate well after 1 or 2 years are classifed as​

Answers

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

Photosynthesis

What is an adaptation?
A change that prevents a species from surviving.
A change that helps a species survive.
A change that makes a species become extinct.
A change that makes a species prettier to look at.

Answers

Answer:

the second one

Explanation:

B- A change that helps a species survive

CALLING ALL BOYS I NEED UR HELP.

Whats an Allele? Plz

Answers

.... why boys thooooo

Dr. Wicked administers a toxin that causes a synthesized protein to be improperly packaged and incorrectly delivered to the wrong destination by this cell.
Which labeled structure is the most likely target of the toxin causing this issue in the cell?
Choose 1 answer:
Choose 1 answer:

(Choice A)
A
Structure A

(Choice B)
B
Structure B

(Choice C)
C
Structure C

(Choice D)
D
None of these labeled structures would be a target of this toxin.

Answers

C. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging and delivering proteins and lipids.

when bacteria make their own food they are called

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

They are called Autotrophs

High cholesterol and triglycerides may indicate cardiovascular disease. What happens when cholesterol and other lipids are deposited in artery walls?

Answers

Answer:

With high cholesterol, you can develop fatty deposits in your blood vessels. Eventually, these deposits grow, making it difficult for enough blood to flow through your arteries. Sometimes, those deposits can break suddenly and form a clot that causes a heart attack or stroke.

What happens to the chromosomes when a cell divides to make a copy of itself?

Answers

Answer:

the cell copies or replicates its chromosomes and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure each daughter cell has a full set.

Answer:

Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies or "replicates" it's chromosomes and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each. daughter cell has a full set.

Explanation:

I majored in Biology

How can maintaining water resources promote a healthy ecosystem ? For APA report make it a long response pls

Answers

Answer: The main function of water is to propel plant growth; provide a permanent dwelling for species that live within it, or provide a temporary home or breeding ground for multiple amphibians, insects and other water-birthed organisms; and to provide the nutrients and minerals necessary to sustain physical life.

Explanation:

Contrast the terms “parasitism” and “mutualism” in a sentence

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Mutualism is the interaction between two or more organisms where both organisms can benefit from the interaction while Parasitism is the interaction between two species where only one benefits from the other organism and the other is harmed in return

Answer:

When both the partners or organisms get benefits from one another by living together is known mutualism. When only one partner or organism gets benefits without any effect on the other is commensalism. When one partner or organism gets benefits while the other is harmed is known as parasitism.

which statement correctly describes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

Answers

Answer: It is a process by which greenhouse gases allow the sun’s light to penetrate the atmosphere but stop the heat from escaping.

Explanation:

Greenhouse effect is the natural heating of the Earth's surface due to the fact that the sunligth waves may penetrate the atmosphere and reach the solid surface, but when the sunlight waves return after reaching the solid surface, process that changes the wavelength of the sunlight, they cannot penetrate the greenhouse gases and so the heat is kept inside the atmosphere with the consequent increase of temperature.

2. Wolves have genes that give them a very powerful sense of smell much more
powerful than humans, this is an adaptation by natural selection. The wolves that
reproduced more offspring with a better sense of smell thereby increasing the
frequency of those genes in the population that survived longer. Give an example of
adaptations in other organisms that may have resulted from variations that were
favored by natural selection.​

Answers

Answer:

A good example may be represented by different shapes and sizes of beaks in finches living on different Galapagos islands

Explanation:

According to the evolutionary theory proposed by Darwin, natural selection is a mechanism that acts on heritable phenotypic variation among individuals within a population. Genetic variation can be considered as the primary source of heritable phenotypic variation. Those organisms that are better adapted for a particular environment will have more chances to survive and reproduce, thereby passing these heritable traits to the next generation. For example, during his work, Darwin observed that the shape and size of beaks in finch species from different islands in the Galapagos archipelago varied as a consequence, i.e., as an adaptation, to the availability of food resources present in each island.

An example of adaptations in other organisms that may have resulted from variations that were favored by natural selection. - The light-colored mice are an adaption favored by natural selection as they were able to live longer.

Adaptations are physical or behavioral traits that make an organism better suited to its environment. The inheritable variation comes from random mutations.

the example of such variations caused by natural selection are:

The Deer mouse adapted to the environment by developing a lighter color.The light-colored mice were able to live longer.

Thus, The light-colored mice are an adaption favored by natural selection as they were able to live longer.

Learn more:

https://brainly.com/question/15577096

what do the phase changes condensation, evaporation, and crystallization have in common?

Answers

Answer:

They are all a part of the water cycle.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!!!

Thermostats transform thermal energy into mechanical energy.
True or false

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Hope this helps you :)

helpppppp plssssssss

Answers

Most likely B is the answer

Neep help!!
1. A primary function of a plant root is to-
O A release carbon dioxide
O B absorb water and minerals
O c digest organic materials
O D produce secondary growth

Answers

Answer:

B is thr answer absorb water and minerals

1. What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

Answers

Explanation:

helps grow the plant to become to its fulfilled size

plants experience _______ gravitropism when their stems move upward.
A. positive
B. negative

Answers

Answer:

Negative

Explanation:

Gravitropisms. Phototropism is a response to the stimulus of light, whereas gravitropism (also called geotropism) is a response to the stimulus of gravity . When the stem grows against the force of gravity (upwards), this is known as a negative gravitropism.

Answer:

negative

Explanation:

this is because negative gravitropism is when a plant grows away from gravity (like moving upwards). then, positive gravitropism is when the roots of a plant move grow downwards.

i hope this helps you!

In cats, the allele for black coat color is dominant over the allele for white coat color. If a white cat crossed with a heterozygous cat, what is the expected genotypic ratio? *
10 points
4BB : 0Bb : 0bb
2BB : 2Bb: 0bb
0BB : 2Bb: 2bb
0BB: 0Bb: 4bb

Answers

The answer is the third one, 0BB: 2Bb: 2bb
Punnet square work is shown below

How are the three international conflicts similar and how are they different?

Answers

Answer:

what's the question? It is not showing anything expect for "How are the three International conflicts similar and how are they different."

private sector international conflict would be a conflict between a U.S. computer company, and a Japanese company which was supplying motherboards for the U.S. company. If the Japanese company had a contract requiring them to ship 10,000 motherboards a month, but they only shipped 6,000, this would cause a private international conflict. It would not be a conflict that involved the U.S. government, but it would be one that would likely be handled in an international tribunal of some sort

Describe the ways mutations can affect DNA and chromosomes.​

Answers

Mutations present permanent and heritable changes in the genome. We distinguish gene and chromosome mutations. Mutations in the level of genes are called point mutations because only one to several nucleotides are changed. These processes are known as deletion, insertion, and substitution. Deletion presents a loss of nucleotides which changes DNA sequence. When new nucleotides are embedded in the DNA chain, it is known as insertion. Substitution implies the process where new nucleotides are inserted while the ones that were present in that specific spot in a DNA molecule are deleted.
Mutations can also appear in chromosomes altering their number and structure. There are four types of mutations - deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation. In deletion, a whole or one part of a chromosome is lost. Duplication presents an extra copy of a whole or one part of a chromosome. In an inversion, parts of a chromosome change order, while in translocation a part of one chromosome detaches and then connects to another.


hope this helps

The mutation affects DNA and chromosomes by changes in the sequence of DNA or changes in the gene present on the chromosome.

What is mutation?

The mutation is a sudden change in the structure of chromosomes or DNA. The smaller mutation affects the nucleotide base in DNA, while the larger mutation affects the genes present on the chromosomes.

The substance which causes mutation is known as mutagens. Mutation can cause problems in growth and development and affects the functioning of the body. When changes occur in chromosomes or DNA, they cause changes in the protein. Due to this, a different kind of protein is produced.

The mutation is caused by the insertion, duplication, deletion, and substitutions of a DNA sequence. Thus, mutation can affect DNA and chromosome in many ways.

Learn more about mutation, here:

https://brainly.com/question/17106056

#SPJ2

Question 7 (1 point)
How are humans changing the carbon der
Lesson 1.10
all of the choices

Answers

Answer:

Human activities affect the carbon cycle through emissions of carbon dioxide (sources) and removal of carbon dioxide (sinks). The carbon cycle can be affected when carbon dioxide is either released into the atmosphere or removed from the atmosphere.

Explanation:

does this help

HELP SCIENCE PLS ASAAAP

Answers

So enzymes speed up reactions and it seems like the Gastric protease is faster and the intestinal protease is slower breaking down stuff

are proteins that are found on the surface of some red blood cells,

Answers

What’s the question?

Scottish Highland cattle, which have long hair, are suited for cold, damp climates of the Scottish isles. On the other hand, Brahman cattle, which have short hair, are suited for a warmer climate. This comparison is an example of:
A. adaption
B. taxonomy
C. polyploidy
D.punctuated equilibrium

Answers

A) Adaption because since it is colder in the Scottish isles the cattle there have longer hair due to adaption and the Brahman cattle have short hair due to there adaption in the warmer climate so they don’t over heat.

HELP!

In the desert, saguaro cacti, owls, horned lizards, and fire ants all share the same space.

Which example can be considered a population?

the lizards and the ants

all plants in the same area

all species in the same area

all saguaro in the same area

Answers

All species in the same area

Answer:

I did the test; proof

Which of the following might be an adaptation for a predator? AS SOON AS POSSIBLE NEED HELP PLS THX

Answers

Answer:

we need the answers

Explanation:

Answer:

Many predators have adaptations that help them survive in the wild.  For example, the snake shown below has camoflauge coloring to look like its surroundings.  This gives it the element of surprise when going to attack its prey.  These adaptations help the predator in hunting for food.  Predators have "weapons", or adaptations, that help them hunt and kill prey. Predators' three main "weapons" are teeth, claws, and jaws.  The lion below has all 3 of these "weapons" or adaptations that are used for catching its prey. A lion has sharp claws for catching and grabbing hold prey such as a zebra, and strong jaws and teeth for biting and killing the zebra and for ripping off and chewing the meat.

Explanation:

Hope this helps.

Please help me! 10 POINTS!

Answers

Answer:

both mass and velocity will increase

How do you think that wearing personal protective equipment helps to protect us from contracting airborne diseases?

Answers

Answer:

Airborne transmission may occur if patient respiratory activity or medical procedures generate respiratory aerosols. These aerosols contain particles that may travel much longer distances and remain airborne longer, but their infective potential is uncertain. Contact, droplet and airborne transmission are each relevant during airway manoeuvres in infected patients, particularly during tracheal intubation.

Explanation:

Other Questions
the spinner shown is The recipe uses 1/2 cup of sugar for 1 cup of flour...how much flour should there be if there is 2 cups of sugar? * A Filipino woman that made a great impact in the world from different generations. Which of these best describes an opportunity cost?a win-wina lossa chancoa trade-off How did people live in the era of Mao ? Which of these is most likely to happen to a grassland ecosystem after a catastrophic flood?Birds will compete for water.Amphibious snakes will compete for space.Flying insects will have to find new sources of food.Ground-dwelling rodents will have to find new shelter. neda sells televisions she earns a fixed amount for each television and an additional $15 if the buyer gets an extended warranty. If neda sells 19 televisions with extended warranties, she earns $1,425. How much is the fixed amount neda earns for each television? 60 children go to a nursery. The ratio of girls to boys is 3 : 2The children go to the nursery either in the morning or in the afternoon.Three quarters of the children go to the nursery in the morning.The rest of the children go to the nursery in the afternoon.7 boys go to the nursery in the afternoon.Work out how many girls go to the nursery in the morning. Touch ethic is determined bya. valuesb. cultureC. educationd. employmentPlease select the best answer from the choices provided OBOD 2Select the correct answer.Why was Zyklon B used instead of carbon monoxide?A.It allowed for a smaller gas chamber.B.It was less expensive.C.It worked faster.D.It allowed for a larger gas chamber.O E.It was safer for the Nazis running the chamber. What are the living and non-living things found in the coral reefs? WILL MARK BRAINLIEST Which of the following represents members of the domain of the graphed function? The image shows a portion of the fossil record that spans several million years. In the image, the numbers designate different rock layers, with the number 1 corresponding to the oldest rock layer.What statement provides the best explanation for the change in the species between rock layer 1 and rock layer 2? A. An abrupt change in the environment caused the original species to evolve into several new species. B. The original species hybridized with a single new species, resulting in a variety of species. C. Humans introduced several new species into the environment after the original species had died out. D. The original species died out, and several new species evolved that were better suited to the environment. Ms. Durand has an obsession with Christmas. She is standing 8ft away from a 20ft Christmas Geometree. She wonders, "hmmm, what is the angle of elevation from myself to the star on the top of the tree?" Please help me!!! This is due in an hour!!! Two groups of students were tested to compare their speed working math problems. Each group was given the same problems. One group used calculators and the other group computed without calculators. Which group is the control group? Experimental group? Work out m and c for the line:y=9x The number of miles that regular tires last has a Normaldistribution with a mean of 50,000 miles and a standarddeviation of 8,200 miles.If a random sample of 4 tires are selected, the probabilitythat the mean number of miles they last is more than60,000 miles is 0.0075.Is there convincing evidence that the mean number ofmiles for all regular tires is greater than 60,000 miles?___,it is,____ to randomly select 4 tires andobtain a sample mean of greater than 60,000 miles ifthe true mean of the population is 50,000 miles. 1.The Battle of Austerlitz took place during which war? What is this song???Take me through the night...