Ionic compounds which are soluble in water are PbF2, LiOH, Na2CO3, (NH4)2S, (NH4)2SO4, Ca(C2H3O2)2, KCl, NaNO3. Ionic compounds which are insoluble in water are CaCO3, AgCl, BaSO4, Ag2SO4, PbS, Fe(OH)2 and PbBr2.
PbF2- Lead(II) Fluoride. Solubility in water is 0.0671g/100mL at 20C.
LiOH- Lithium Hydroxide. Can exist in anhydrous or hydrated forms.
Na2CO3- Sodium Carbonate. Completely soluble in water and will not form any kind of precipitate.
(NH4)2S- Ammonium sulfate. It is soluble due to its ionic nature and can salt out proteins using precipitation method.
Ca(C2H3O2)2- Calcium acetate. It is a white hygroscopic solid under room temperature.
KCl- Potassium Chloride. Their molecules get surrounded by water. Their ions remain separate and dissolve in water.
NaNO3- Sodium Nitrate. It’s polarity allows it to dissolve in water easily.
CaCO3- Calcium Carbonate. Due to high lattice energy, calcium carbonate is insoluble in water.
AgCl- Sliver Chloride. AgCl is not polar in nature and hence cannot be dissolved in water.
BaSO4- Barium Sulphate. It is insoluble in water since its hydration energy is lower than its lattice energy.
Ag2SO4- Silver Sulfate. It has high lattice energy hence it is not soluble in water.
PbS- Lead Sulfate. Since it is a sulfide it is insoluble in water unless it is paired with specific cations.
Fe(OH)2- Iron(II) Hydroxide. Position of equilibrium lies far away to the left and is hence insoluble in water.
PbBr2- Lead Bromide. Most bromide compounds are insoluble in water.
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A 3.000 g sample of a gaseous compound was found to contain 2.560 g of carbon and 0.440 g of hydrogen. (part A) What is the simplest formula of the compound (write C first and then H)?
(part B) the molar mass of the compound was found to be 42.08g/mol. What is the molecular formula of the compound?
A 3 g sample of a gaseous compound was found to contain 2.560 g of carbon and 0.440 g of hydrogen. The simplest formula is CH₂ and the molecular formula is C₃H₆.
The mass of the carbon = 2.560 g
The moles of the carbon = mass / molar mass
= 2.560 / 12
= 0.213 mol
The mass of the hydrogen = 0.440 g
The moles of the hydrogen = 0.440 / 1
= 0.440 mol
Dividing by the smallest one :
C = 1
H = 2
The simplest formula is CH₂
The molar mass of CH₂ = 12 + 2 = 14 g/mol
The molar of compound = 42.04 g/mol
n = 42.08 / 14
n = 3
The molecular formula = n ( empirical formula )
= C₃H₆
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how does each of the following affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid in an open dish?
The factors that can affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid in an open dish are surface area, temperature, air movement, humidity, and concentration.
The following factors can affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid in an open dish:
1.Surface Area: The larger the surface area of the liquid, the faster it will evaporate. This is because a larger surface area allows more molecules to escape into the air, increasing the rate of evaporation.
2.Temperature: The temperature of the liquid directly affects its evaporation rate. The higher the temperature, the faster the liquid will evaporate. This is because the increased heat energy increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, allowing more of them to escape into the air.
3.Air Movement: The movement of air can increase the evaporation rate of a liquid. Air movement increases the rate of exchange of vapor and air, which increases the rate of evaporation.
4.Humidity: The relative humidity of the air affects the rate of evaporation of a liquid. If the air is already saturated with water vapor, it will be more difficult for the liquid to evaporate. The lower the relative humidity, the faster the liquid will evaporate.
5.Concentration: The concentration of solute in a solution affects the rate of evaporation. A more concentrated solution will evaporate more slowly than a less concentrated solution, as the increased number of solute molecules will interfere with the escape of solvent molecules into the air.
Overall, the factors that can affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid in an open dish are surface area, temperature, air movement, humidity, and concentration.
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how much heat is released if a 10.0 gram piece of aluminum is cooled from 70°c to 50°c?
As a result, the aluminum emits -180 J of heat when it is reduced from 70 to 50 degrees Celsius.
Why does science increase the temperature?The mobility of atoms and molecules is accelerated when energy is added (heating), increasing the temperature. By withdrawing energy (cooling), atoms and molecules slow down and the temp drops as a result. Conduction is a technique that allows energy to be added to or taken away from a medium.
The following formula is used to calculate how much heat is emitted when aluminum is reduced from 70°C to 50°C:
Q = mcΔθ
where;
m is the aluminum's mass.
Specific heat capacity is c.
Δθ is a temperature change.
Q = (10)(0.9)(50 - 70) (50 - 70)
Q = -180 J
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Using your periodic table and calculator as needed, answer the following question.
Of the following 2 compounds, which compound has a greater percent by mass of
chromium?
a) K₂CrO4
b) K₂Cr₂O7
The compound with the greatest percentage by mass of chromium is K₂Cr₂O₇ (Option B)
How do I know which compound have the greatest percentage of chromium?To know the compound with the greatest precentage of chromium, we shall determine the percentage of chromium in both compounds. Details below:
For K₂CrO₄
Molar mass of K₂CrO₄ = (39 × 2) + 52 + (16 × 4) = 78 + 52 + 64 = 194 g/moleMass of Cr in K₂CrO₄ = Cr = 52 gPercentage of Cr =?Percentage of Cr = (mass of Cr / mass of K₂CrO₄) × 100
Percentage of Cr = (52 / 194) × 100
Percentage of Cr = 26.8%
For K₂Cr₂O₇
Molar mass of K₂Cr₂O₇ = (39 × 2) + (52 × 2) + (16 × 4) = 78 + 104 + 64 = 246 g/moleMass of Cr in K₂Cr₂O₇ = 2Cr = 2 × 52 = 104 gPercentage of Cr =?Percentage of Cr = (mass of Cr / mass of K₂Cr₂O₇) × 100
Percentage of Cr = (104 / 246) × 100
Percentage of Cr = 42.3%
From above calculations, we obtained:
Percentage of Cr in K₂CrO₄ = 26.8%Percentage of Cr in K₂Cr₂O₇ = 42.3%Thus, we can conclude that the compound with the greatest percentage is K₂Cr₂O₇ (Option B)
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A doctors office pi’s deciding between buying 2 different sized cups. The cups are shown. Before deciding which siz to buy, they determine how much water each size cup can hold. How much more water in cubic inches can the larger cup hold than the smaller cup?
The larger cup can hold 9.8 cubic inches more water than the smaller cup.
How much more water in cubic inches can the larger cup hold than the smaller cup?This is an example of the scientific process of experimentation and observation.The doctors office pi is attempting to determine which cup size to purchase.To do this, they need to observe and measure the capacity of each cup.They can measure the capacity of each cup by filling it with a known amount of water and then measuring the amount of water in cubic inches.Once they have measured the capacity of each cup, they can then compare the two and determine how much more water the larger one can hold than the smaller one.By using the scientific method, the doctors office pi can make an informed decision on which cup size to purchase.This example demonstrates how the scientific method can be used to make decisions based on facts and data.To learn more about The capacity differential between the two cups refer to:
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the gas in a 275.0 ml piston experiences a change in pressure from 1.45 atm to 2.90 atm. what is the new volume (in ml) assuming the moles of gas and temperature are held constant?
The new volume is 559.7 ml, assuming the moles of gas and temperature are held constant.
The new volume (V2) of the gas in the piston can be determined using the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature.
Given the initial pressure (P1) and volume (V1), as well as the new pressure (P2), we can solve for the new volume (V2). We can rearrange the equation to get V2 = (P2V1)/P1.
Plugging in our values gives us
V2 = (2.90 atm)(275.0 ml)/(1.45 atm) = 559.7 ml. So, the new volume of the gas in the piston is 559.7 ml.
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Stoichiometry Worksheet
1. According to the equation, what mass of hydrogen fluoride is necessary to produce
2. 3 g of sodium fluoride?
HF + NaNO3 → HNO3 + NaF
Answer:
The stoichiometry of the equation tells us the ratios of the reactants and products. To determine the amount of hydrogen fluoride required to produce 3 g of sodium fluoride, we need to use the balanced chemical equation.
The balanced equation is:
HF + NaNO3 → HNO3 + NaF
1 : 1 : 1 : 1
Since the ratio of sodium fluoride to hydrogen fluoride is 1:1, we need an equal amount of hydrogen fluoride to produce 3 g of sodium fluoride, i.e. 3 g of hydrogen fluoride.
The amount of hydrogen fluoride required to produce 3 g of sodium fluoride would be 3 g.
Explanation:
the natural abundance of sulfur-33 (33s) is 0.76%. how many sulfur-33 isotopes are present in 10000 sulfur atoms answer
The amount of sulfur-33 isotopes are present in 10000 sulfur atoms are 76. It can be calculated by multiple the abundance of sulfur with total atoms.
In the term of chemistry, natural abundance generally can be defined as the abundance of isotopes of a chemical element as naturally found on a planet. The relative atomic mass of these isotopes in the term of chemistry can be defined as the atomic weight listed for the element in the periodic table.
The amount of sulfur-33 isotopes are present in 10000 sulfur atoms = natural abundance of sulfur x total sulfur atoms
The amount of sulfur-33 isotopes are present in 10000 sulfur atoms = 0,76% x 10000
The amount of sulfur-33 isotopes are present in 10000 sulfur atoms = 0,0076 x 10000
The amount of sulfur-33 isotopes are present in 10000 sulfur atoms = 76 isotopes of sulfur 33
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What is the density of NH3 at 800 torr and 25 degrees C?
The density of NH3 at 800 torr and 25 degrees is 0.7327 g/L
What is density?Density exactly is defined as the ratio of mass to volume. Although it is challenging to estimate the mass of gases using standard methods, it can typically be derived by dividing the mass of a matter by the volume it occupies. As a result, the ideal gas equation, PV = nRT, can be used to derive a formula for calculating the density of gas
formula for density d=P(FW)/RT
d = actually density, with an FW formula weight of 17.031 g/mol.
R = gas which is a constant, 0 .082 6 L atm K−1 mol−1
T = ,the exact temperature is 298k or 25c
P =Density ca n be calculated as follows:
d=P(FW)/RT
d = actually density, with an FW formula weight of 17.031 g/mol.
R = gas , which is the constant 0 .082 6 L atm K−1 mol−1
T =exact temperature is as 25 C or 298 K
P = pressure 1.053 atm or 800torr
Therefore,
d=P(FW)/RT
= 1.053 * 17.031 /0.08206 *298
= 0.733 g/ L
Therefore
d=P(FW)/RT
= 1.053 * 17.031 /0.08206 *298
= 0.733 g/ L
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The differential equation has an implicit general solution of the form where is an arbitrary constant. In fact, because the differential equation is separable, we can define the solution curve implicitly by a function in the form find such a solution and then give the related functions requested.
Where C1 is an arbitrary constant. This means the solution curve can be defined implicitly by the function F(x,y) = G(x) + H(y) = K
To find the solution to the given differential equation, we can first use the separability of the equation to separate the variables:
[tex]dy/dx = 35/(y^(1/8) + 25x^2y^(1/8))[/tex]
[tex]dy = (35/y^(1/8) + 25x^2y^(1/8)) dx[/tex]
Next, we can integrate both sides with respect to x:
[tex]∫dy = ∫(35/y^(1/8) + 25x^2y^(1/8)) dx[/tex]
[tex]y = ∫(35/y^(1/8) + 25x^2y^(1/8)) dx + C[/tex]
This is the general solution to the given differential equation in implicit form, where C is an arbitrary constant. To get the related functions requested, we can rearrange the equation as follows:
[tex]F(x,y) = ∫(35/y^(1/8) + 25x^2y^(1/8)) dx + C = K[/tex]
We can then separate the equation into functions G(x) and H(y):
[tex]G(x) = ∫(35/y^(1/8) + 25x^2y^(1/8)) dx + C1[/tex]
H(y) = K - C1
Where C1 is an arbitrary constant. This means the solution curve can be defined implicitly by the function F(x,y) = G(x) + H(y) = K
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Based on the octet rule, how many electrons do atoms want to have?
Responses
A eighteight
B sixsix
C sevenseven
D eighteen
Answer:
Based on the octet rule, how many electrons do atoms want to have? -Ans: D (eighteen)
the solubility of o2 in water is 5.85 x 10-4 m at 25 oc and 0.45 atm of o2 pressure . what will the solubility be when the partial pressure of o2 is one-fourth of the original pressure? group of answer choices 0.0023 m 0.0052 m 0.0013 m 0.00026 m 0.00015 m
The solubility of gas (O2) in water will be 1.49 x 10^-4 M when the partial pressure of O2 is one-fourth of the original pressure i.e. option E : 0.00015 M
The solubility of a gas in water is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the solution. This relationship is described by Henry's law, which states that the solubility of a gas in a solvent is proportional to the pressure of the gas above the solvent.
Therefore, if the partial pressure of O2 is one-fourth of the original pressure, the solubility of gas (O2) in water will be proportional to the new pressure, which is 0.45 atm / 4 = 0.1125 atm.
So, the new solubility of gas (O2) in water will be:
New solubility = original solubility * (new pressure / original pressure)
New solubility = 5.85 x 10^-4 M * (0.1125 atm / 0.45 atm)
New solubility = 1.49 x 10^-4 M
Therefore, the solubility of gas (O2) in water will be 1.49 x 10^-4 M when the partial pressure of O2 is one-fourth of the original pressure.
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What functional groups are present on this molecule? Check all that apply. - carboxyl - hydroxyl - amino.
The functional groups that are in the molecule would be carboxyl - hydroxyl - amino.
What are the functional groups of a molecule?Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within a molecule that determine its chemical properties and reactivity. They are responsible for the unique chemical behavior of different molecules and play a crucial role in chemical reactions. Some common functional groups include:
Alcohols (OH)
Aldehydes (CHO)
Ketones (CO)
Carboxylic acids (COOH)
Esters (COOR)
Amides (CONH2)
Amines (NH2)
Phosphates (PO4)
Each functional group has a specific arrangement of atoms and a characteristic chemical reactivity, which allows it to participate in specific chemical reactions and impart specific properties to the molecule. Understanding functional groups is important for predicting the behavior of molecules in chemical reactions and for synthesizing new molecules with desired properties.
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What is the cation in KF?
A. K1-
B. F1+
C. K1+
D. F1-
Answer:
[tex]c. {k}^{1+} [/tex]
Explanation:
Because the charge of K is 1+ and the charge of F is 1-.
Cation is positively charged ion therefore
[tex] {k}^{ 1 + } [/tex]
is the Cation in KF
Option C is correct. The cation in KF will be K¹⁺
Cation: It is defined as the species or ions which carry positive charges. For example: Na⁺, Ca²⁺, NH⁴⁺, etc.
Potassium fluoride: Potassium fluoride is the chemical compound having chemical formula KF. After hydrogen fluoride, KF is the primary source of the fluoride ion for applications in manufacturing in chemistry. It is an alkali halide and it occurs naturally as the rare mineral carobbiite.
KHF₂ → KF +HF
The cation in KF will be K¹⁺. Because the charge of K is 1⁺and the charge of F is 1⁻.
Cation is positively charged ion therefore, K¹⁺is the Cation in KF
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You are conducting a calorimetry experiment using a calorimeter with 500 mL of water in its outer chamber to determine the enthalpy of reaction of a chemical reaction. The initial temperature of the water was 25 °C. After the reaction, the temperature of the water was 57. 4 °C. Disregarding any heat loss to the walls of the container, calculate the Hf). (The specific heat of the water is 4. 18J/(g times k)
The temperature of the water was 25 °C. After the reaction, the temperature of the water was 57. 4 °C. Disregarding any heat loss to the walls of the container, the enthalpy of the reaction is 68.18 kJ.
Enthalpy (H) is a thermodynamic quantity that represents the total heat content of a system. It is the sum of the internal energy of the system and the product of its volume and pressure.
In other words, enthalpy is a measure of the heat energy involved in a process or reaction. The unit of enthalpy is usually joules (J) or kilojoules (kJ).
The heat generated by the reaction (q) can be calculated as follows:
q = m * c * ΔT
where m is the mass of the water in the calorimeter (0.5 kg), c is the specific heat of water (4.18 J/(g * K)), and ΔT is the change in temperature (57.4 - 25 = 32.4 K).
q = 0.5 kg * 4.18 J/(g * K) * 32.4 K = 68.18 kJ
Since the heat generated by the reaction is equal to the heat absorbed by the water, the enthalpy of the reaction (ΔH) can be calculated as follows:
ΔH = q = 68.18 kJ
Therefore, The temperature of the water was 25 °C. After the reaction, the temperature of the water was 57. 4 °C. Disregarding any heat loss to the walls of the container, the enthalpy of the reaction is 68.18 kJ.
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Explain how the groundwater system could heat the air in the schoo
Answer:
Groundwater systems are formed by the permeable layers of soil and rock that allow water to flow through them. When this water is heated by the Earth's internal heat, it can rise to the surface and release heat into the air above. In the case of a school, if the school is located near a groundwater system, the heated water from the system can potentially heat the air in the school. This occurs because the warm water rises and releases its heat into the air, causing the air temperature to increase. This is known as geothermal heating and it is a natural process that can be harnessed for heating purposes. If the school is designed to take advantage of this heating source, it can provide a more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solution for heating the air in the school.
How many of the following processes are nonspontaneous? climbing stairs dissolving salt in water converting table salt to its elements 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g) A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4
The number of the following process are the non spontaneous is the correct option is D) 3.
The non spontaneous process is the process that requires the energy input to proceed further. The non spontaneous process requires energy to occur. In the non spontaneous process the total energy of the product formed is higher than the energy of the reactants. The non spontaneous reaction have the positive enthalpy and it will decreases the entropy.
Thus, the process which do not procced by itself or by its own and occur if external energy is provided then this process is said to be non spontaneous process.
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What is the formula of the compound in which the atom combining ratios are: phosphorus : sulfur : chlorine 1:1:3 %3D Enter elements in the order given:
The formula for the compound with the atomic ratio of phosphorus : sulfur : chlorine 1:1:3 is PCl₃S.
What is an atom?An atom is known as the basic unit of matter and the defining structure of elements. The term "atom" originates from the Greek word for indivisible, because it was once thought that atoms were the smallest things in the universe and could not be divided.
Atoms consist of a nucleus, which is made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines the atomic number of that element, and therefore its identity. The electrons are arranged in shells around the nucleus and determine the chemical properties of the element.
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what gas fills the balloon in this experiment?
According to then question Helium is used to fill balloons in this experiment.
What is Helium?Helium is an inert, monatomic, non-toxic gas with the atomic number 2. It is the second most abundant element in the universe and the second lightest element on the periodic table. Helium is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, and it is non-flammable and non-reactive. It is used in a variety of applications, including welding, pressurizing rockets and space shuttles, and in cryogenic research. It is also used in medical imaging and in MRI scanners, as it has a low atomic number that makes it safe to use in these applications. Helium is also used in balloons, blimps, and airships, since its low density makes it a good lifting gas. Helium has a boiling point of -268.9 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -272.2 degrees Celsius, making it the coldest element on the periodic table.
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When ammonium nitrate (NH,NO,) explodes, the products are nitrogen, oxygen, & water. When 30 grams of ammonium nitrate explode, 15 grams of nitrogen and 5 grams of oxygen form. How many grams of water form?
The mass of the water that was formed is 20 g
What is the mass of the water?The law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of substances in a closed system remains constant during a chemical reaction. This means that the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products.
The law of conservation of mass is a fundamental principle of chemistry and is a cornerstone of our understanding of the behavior of matter and energy in chemical reactions.
The total mass that exploded is 30 grams hence the mass of the water that was formed is;
30 - (15 + 5)
= 20 g
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b) at half-equivalence point, the ph is 11.58. what would be the kb of the weak base? enter a number only, no text
The pKb of the weak base can be calculated using the equation pKb = 14 - pH. In this case, pKb = 14 - 11.58 = 2.42.
This is because the pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that if the pH is lower than 7, the solution is acidic and if the pH is higher than 7, the solution is basic. In this case, the pH of the solution is 11.58, which is lower than 7 and indicates that the solution is acidic. Therefore, the pKb of the weak base can be calculated by subtracting 11.58 from 14, which gives a value of 2.42.
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A solution contains 22. 4 g glucose (c6h12o6) dissolved in 0. 500 l of water. What is the molality of the solution? the density of the solution is 1. 02 g/ml.
The molality of the solution is approximately 0.244 mol/kg.
What is molality?
Molality is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Unlike molarity, which is a measure of the concentration of a solute in terms of the number of moles per liter of solution, molality is a measure of the concentration in terms of the mass of the solvent.
To find the molality of a solution, we need to know the mass of solute (glucose) and the mass of solvent (water) in the solution. The molality of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
Given that the solution contains 22.4 g of glucose dissolved in 0.500 L of water (which can be converted to mass using the density of water, 1 g/mL), we can find the molality as follows:
Convert the volume of the solvent to mass:0.500 L * 1.02 g/mL = 0.510 g (water)
Find the number of moles of solute:22.4 g / ( molecular weight of glucose, which is ~180.18 g/mol) = 0.1245 moles
Find the molality:0.1245 moles / (0.510 g / 1000 g/kg) = 0.244 mol/kg
So, the molality of the solution is approximately 0.244 mol/kg.
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a molecule of trna includes a sequence of three nitrogenous bases called an anticodon. what is the role of the anticodon in the process of translation?
The role of the anticodon in the process of translation is to bind to a codon on mRNA
An anticodon is a trinucleotide sequence of RNA that is complementary to a codon in messenger RNA (mRNA). It is located on a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule and is responsible for recognizing and binding to specific codons during protein synthesis.
The anticodon pairs with the codon through base-pairing interactions, which ensure the proper transfer of the correct amino acid from the tRNA to the growing polypeptide chain.
During protein synthesis, the ribosome moves along the mRNA and reads the codons, which determine the sequence of amino acids in the resulting protein. The ribosome then selects the appropriate tRNA molecule based on the anticodon sequence, which is complementary to the codon on the mRNA.
The tRNA carries the appropriate amino acid that corresponds to the codon and transfers it to the growing polypeptide chain. This process continues until a termination codon is reached and the protein is complete.
Therefore, The role of the anticodon in the process of translation is to bind to a codon on mRNA
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A solution is prepared by combining 5. 00 ml of 4. 8x10-4 m nascn solution, 2. 00 ml of 0. 21 m fe(no3)3 solution and 13. 00 ml of 0. 3 m hno3. Calculate the analytical concentrations of scn-.
Molar analytical concentration is the total number of moles of a solute in 1 L of solution, independent of its chemical state. The molar analytical concentration outlines how to produce a solution of a specific concentration.
Molarity = moles / litres
Therefore moles = molarity x L
For NaSCN solution
moles in 5.0 ml (0.005 L) of 4.8x10-4 M NaSCN
moles NaSCN = 4.8 x10-4 M x 0.005 L
moles = 0.024x10-4 moles or 2.4x10-6
Moles per L is Molarity
Hence molarity =2.4x10-6M
For each molecule of NaSCN, 1 molecule of Na+ and 1 molecule of SCN¯ will be formed .
NaSCN→ Na+ + SCN¯
Hence the analytical concentration of SCN¯ is also= 2.4x10-6M
For Fe(NO3)3 solution
moles in 2.0 ml (0.002 L) of 0.21 M Fe(NO3)3
moles Fe(NO3)3= 0.21 M x 0.002 L
moles = 0.042 moles
Moles per L is Molarity
Hence molarity =0.042M
Fe(NO3)3→ Fe3+ + 3NO3¯
For each molecule of Fe(NO3)3 , 1 molecule of Fe3+ and 3 molecules of NO3¯ will be formed .
Hence the analytical concentration of Fe3+ is also= 0.042M
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4. what is the color of phenolphthalein indicator in: a. acidic solution_______________________ b. basic solution_____________________
The color of the phenolphthalein indicator in:
a. acidic solution = colorless
b. basic solution = pink color
The color of phenolphthalein indicator in the acidic solution is the colorless and in the basic solution is pink color. The indicator is the substance that gives the visible sign, and a color change, of the presence or the absence of the threshold concentration of the chemical species like as the acid or an alkali in the solution.
In the acid-base titrations, the phenolphthalein is generally used as the indicator. It will turn the colorless in acidic solutions and gives the pink in basic solutions for this application.
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what is the percentage of the r enantiomer in a sample of carvone that has a specific rotation of −20, given that the specific rotation of (r)-carvone is −61?
The percentage of the R enantiomer in the sample of the carvone that has a specific rotation of −20°, the specific rotation of (r)-carvone is −61° is the 32.7 %.
The observed specific rotation = - 20 °
The pure specific rotation = - 61 °
The percentage of the R enantiomer in a sample of carvone is expressed as :
The percentage = ( observed specific rotation / original specific rotation) × 100 %
The percentage = ( - 20 / - 61 ) × 100 %
The percentage = 0.327 × 100 %
The percentage = 32.7 %
Thus, the percentage of the R enantiomer is 32.7 %
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draw curved arrow notation to convert the structure to a resonance structure where all atoms have octets.
The resonance structures are the set of the lewis structures which describes the delocalization of the electrons in the molecule.
The resonance structures shows the delocalization of the electrons in the molecule. The resonance structures are used to represent the multiple structures of the single polyatomic molecule. The resonance structures have the same number of the electrons, we can not add or subtract the electrons.
All the resonance structures should follow the rules of the writing the lewis structures. The same number of the paired and the unpaired of the electrons should take part in the resonance. The resonance structures are attached below .
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What is the formation of KCL with an electron dot structure?
The ions present in KCL are K⁺ and Cl⁻ which forms KCL by ionic bond. KCL is the chemical formula for potassium chloride. It is created when the extra electron from the potassium atom's valence shell is transferred to the chlorine atom's valence shell, completing the octet valency of both atoms.
What does potassium's electronic dot structure look like?K with one dot on the right stands for potassium. If the atom is a noble-gas atom, there are two additional processes that could be used. The outermost filled shell can be thought of as the valence shell, or we can assume that the atom has no valence electrons at all.
How does KCl generate its bonds?When compared to chlorine, which has seven electrons and only one valence electron, potassium provides the final electron that chlorine needs to complete its octet. As a result, potassium and chlorine create an ionic bond, resulting in the formation of potassium chloride.
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What is the difference between deutan and protan?
The difference between deutan and protan are mentioned below.
What is deutan ?
Deuteran color blindness, also known as deuteranomaly, is a form of red-green color blindness when the eye's green cones over- or under-recognize red and under-recognize green light. Red, yellow, green, and brown therefore have a tendency to seem alike, especially in dim lighting.
What is protan?
Those who have protanomaly, a form of red-green color blindness in which the red cones are overly sensitive to greens, yellows, and oranges and do not detect enough red, are known as proton. Because of this, colors like green, yellow, orange, red, and brown could look the same, especially in dim light.
A type of red green color blindness known as deutan is caused by an aberration in the M cone of the retina, whereas a variety of red green color blindness known as protan is caused by an anomaly in the L cone of the retina. The main distinction between deutan and proton is thus this.
Therefore, The difference between deutan and protan are mentioned above.
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How do you find the rate law of a reaction mechanism?
The mechanism of the reaction should theoretically reveal the rate law. By equating the derivatives of the reaction rate with respect to the reactant concentration to zero, it is possible to derive the rate law from the mechanism.
What are the different rate law of a reaction mechanism?Keep in mind the significant distinction between formulating rate laws for simple reactions and the chemical equation that balances the entire reaction. The concentration of our reactants can affect the rate of the reaction.
However, since it is a one-step mechanism and is thus also an elementary step, the rate law cannot be determined from the entire reaction's balanced chemical equation.
Therefore, The rate law of a chemical reaction is an equation that outlines the connection between the concentrations of the reactants and the reaction rate. The highest order of the derivatives dictates the sequence of the reaction.
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The mechanism of the reaction should theoretically reveal the rate law. By equating the derivatives of the reaction rate with respect to the reactant concentration to zero, it is possible to derive the rate law from the mechanism.
What are the different rate law of a reaction mechanism?Keep in mind the significant distinction between formulating rate laws for simple reactions and the chemical equation that balances the entire reaction. The concentration of our reactants can affect the rate of the reaction.
However, since it is a one-step mechanism and is thus also an elementary step, the rate law cannot be determined from the entire reaction's balanced chemical equation.
Therefore, The rate law of a chemical reaction is an equation that outlines the connection between the concentrations of the reactants and the reaction rate. The highest order of the derivatives dictates the sequence of the reaction.
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