It is so difficult to quit smoking cigarettes is that nicotine may lead to an increased activation of dopamine neurons.
What is dopamine neurons?Dopamine neurons play an important role in the control voluntary movement and behavioral processes such as mood, reward, addiction, and stress.
This nicotine activates the dopamine neurons that begins the response that leads to feelings of pleasure and reward, and then addiction.
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A complex series of events involving increased blood flow, recruitment of immune cells and clotting chemicals to enhance the body's immune system is called a(n)
Answer:
An immune response is a complex series of events involving increased blood flow, recruitment of immune cells and clotting chemicals to enhance the body's immune system.
Explanation:
An immune response is the body's response mechanism to protect itself from invasion by pathogens such as parasites, bacteria, viruses and fungi.
The immune response is composed of two systems or branches: (i) the innate immune response and (ii) the adaptive immune response.
Innate immune response: the innate immune response is an inborn or natural response mechanism which provides the body with its first line of defense against infection. It is composed of two parts (i) the physical and chemical barriers such as the skin and mucous membranes, and (ii) no-specific innate response which involves cytokines, complement proteins as well as phagocytic cells such as neutrophils, basophils and mast cells.
Adaptive or acquired immune response: This is a specific immune response to previously encountered pathogens. It include cells such as dendritic cells, T cell, and B cells as well as antibodies.
B cells are responsible for immune response involving antibodies, whereas T cells are involved in immune responses by the immune cells.
Define conjugate protein
Answer: A conjugated protein is a protein that functions in interaction with other chemical groups attached by covalent bonding or weak interactions.
Explanation:
Answer:
conjugate protein stands from protein molecule which combine with non-protein components known as prosthetic group.For an example,metalloprotein where the protein combined with metal and lipoproteins where the protein combines with lipid
why are all tidal patterns predictable??
Answer:
The rise and fall of the tides, which are driven by the gravitational attraction of the Sun and Moon on Earth's ocean are another cause of currents. ... The speed and direction of tidal currents are predictable. Tidal currents are the only type of current affected by the interactions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon.
Explanation:
A mile long stretch of beach by the freezing Atlantic Ocean includes: penguins,
leopard seals, minnows, plankton, oxygen, carbon dioxide, salt and sand. This
description can best be identified by which term?
Biome
Community
Population
Ecosystem
The word heterotroph means:
PLZ HELP I WILL BRAINLIST IF RIGHT!!
Answer:
I think other nourishment?
Explanation:
Which of the following activities would NOT represent an anatomical study? *
~making a section through the heart to observe its interior
~drawing blood from recently fed laboratory animals at timed intervals to determine their blood sugar levels
~examining the surface of a bone
~viewing muscle tissue through a microscope
The activity that does not represent an anatomical study is 'drawing blood from recently fed laboratory animals at timed intervals to determine their blood sugar levels'.
Anatomy is a field of biology that studies the structure of organisms and their components. The study of human anatomy is fundamental in the field of Medicine.
Anatomy is split into two categories:
Macroscopic anatomy: the study of an animal's bodily components with unassisted vision is known as macroscopic anatomy, or gross anatomy. The branch of superficial anatomy is included in gross anatomy.Microscopic anatomy: entails the use of optical equipment to investigate the tissues of different structures, a process known as histology, as well as the study of cells.The activities mentioned in the question all represent anatomical study but the second one, because analyzing blood sugar levels has no relation to anatomical structures but the chemical composition of the blood.
On the other hand, making a section through the heart to observe its interior, or examining the surface of a bone are great examples of macroscopic anatomy, while viewing muscle tissue through a microscope represents microscopic anatomy.
In the attached image, it shows how macroscopic and microscopic anatomy complement one another.
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Some plants in an area produce a toxin that protects them from being eaten by a variety of insect species. The toxin decreases reproductive rates in insects. Because of a genetic mutation, some fruit flies can detect the plant toxin and therefore avoid eating the plant.
A. Describe how the number of fruit flies in the population that can detect the toxin will most likely change over the next 25 years.
B. According to the mechanism of natural selection, explain how the change you described in Part A will occur.
C. Based on the changes in the fruit fly population, describe what will most likely happen to the plants’ production of the toxin. Explain your answer.
According to the mechanism of natural selection, explain how the change you described in Part A will occur. Thus, option "B" is correct.
What is "Adaptation of Insects"?"Adaptation of Insects"
The following that is an adaptation that would promote insect herbivory is the Insects evolve new taste receptors that trigger an avoidance reaction to the toxin.
Plants are regularly fed upon herbivorous creepy crawlies. to get security against such assaults plant has created a few instruments like generation of poisons and unstable substance that either slaughter the bother or pull in the normal adversaries of the creepy crawlies respectively.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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What is the source of all energy? What organisms transfer this energy into a usable form for all other organisms? Explain the percent of energy that is transferred to the different trophic levels. If all the energy is not being transferred where is it going? Be sure to use terms like metabolism, decomposers, producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers.
Answer:
1- the sun
2-Plants performing photosynthesis convert carbon dioxide to organic carbon compounds using sunlight as a source of energy; these compounds go on to fuel nearly all other organisms in the ecosystem, from bacteria to animals.
3-The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of the energy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level; the rest is lost largely through metabolic processes as heat.
Explanation:
1-Energy is all around us and comes from many sources. One of the most important sources of energy is the sun. The energy of the sun is the original source of most of the energy found on earth. We get solar heat energy from the sun, and sunlight can also be used to produce electricity from solar (photovoltaic) cells.
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in the skeptical system, which are the two main tissues responsible for structural support in the body?
compact bone
ligaments
red bone marrow
spongy bone
yellow bone marrow
Please answer the question which I attached to this file
50% & 50%
Explanation:
Transcribe the sequence below:
ATGCCATGGCATTGA
Answer:
Not sure the sequence can mean anything
Explanation:
Here is the sequence spaced out ATG CCA TGG CAT TGA
here it is translated to the mRNA sequence UAC GGU ACC GUA ACU
than a protein sequence TYR GLY THR VAL THR
3. Sean the scientist is going to run an experiment but is unsure how to organize their data.
They want to see how their garden will grow with different fertilizers.
Answer:
Sean should set a control group of plants with no fertilizer and different experimental groups with the different fertilizers he wants to test. Every condition of these experimental groups should be the same as the control group with the exception of the fertilizer.
Which artery do you think is made of thicker muscle, the aorta or the pulmonary artery? why? refer back to your heart box to visualize the path of these vessels.
What happens in the light reaction of photosynthesis?
What happens in the dark reaction of photosynthesis?
What five factors affect photosynthesis and its rate? How?
Answer:
1). Photosynthesis begins with light reactions. It is during these reactions that the energy from sunlight is absorbed by the pigment chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast.
2). The dark reactions of photosynthesis occur in the stroma of the chloroplast where they utilize the products of the light reaction. In the dark reaction, plants use carbon dioxide with ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce glucose.
3). The main factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis are light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature.
Explanation:
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Where does the electron flow that we measure with dcpip originate.
The electron flow that we measure with the entire process originated from Photosystem II.
What are electrons?Electrons may be defined as the type of subatomic particles that are always revolving around the nucleus of each atom. These types of subatomic particles are negatively charged in nature. Electrons are discovered by J.J. Thomson.
Photosystem II (PSII) is a multi-component pigment-protein complex that is responsible for water splitting, oxygen evolution, and plastoquinone reduction. This is the initial protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis.
It is frequently located in the thylakoid membrane of plants. It is the place through which the reaction of photosynthesis begins with the flow of electrons and involves the water-oxidizing complex.
Therefore, the electron flow that we measure with the entire process originated from Photosystem II.
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Can you tell from this tree whether a C at position 15 evolved before or after a T at position 15? Explain your answer
The evolutionary tree is not observed here but it is possible to answer this question by observing which nucleotide is found in the root of the node. It indicates the first substitution.
What is an evolutionary tree?A phylogenetic evolutionary tree is a diagram used to show the evolution of a given taxonomic group (for example, a group of species).
It is possible to trace the evolution of a given taxon by tracing the nucleotide substitution observed from a common ancestor.
In an evolutionary tree, the root of the node is represented by the common ancestor and therefore the presence of a particular nucleotide (either T or C) in that position can be considered as the ancestral character.
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Why do large herds of animals in the savanna migrate each year?.
Many animals of the savanna migrate throughout the year, searching for food and water.
Answer: To follow the growth of grass and move to the new grassy regions
Explanation:
Which of the following is a disadvantage of rain forest agroforestry compared to slash-and-burn farming methods?(1 point)
faster rates of deforestation
prevention of soil erosion
increased start-up costs
decreased shade for crops
Answer: increased start up costs
Explanation:
Increased start-up costs are a disadvantage of rain forest agroforestry compared to slash-and-burn farming methods.
What is agroforestry?Agroforestry refers to the human practice where trees and shrubs are combined to generate a sustainable system.
This combination is made to generate a sustainable crop and animal farming system.This type of combination exhibits ecological advantages, but it may be cost expensive.In conclusion, increased start-up costs are a disadvantage of rain forest agroforestry compared to slash-and-burn farming methods.
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1. For the following decide if they are density dependent (size matters) or density independent (size doesn’t matter will happen anyway) (Population Growth slideshow 16/17)
a. Weather (snow, rain, drought)
b. Predation
c. Competition
d. Natural disasters (hurricane/tornado/earthquake/floods/drought)
2. Define Carrying capacity (Population Growth slideshow 10-14)
3. HIghlight the factors that would be affected if a population would be near carrying capacity: unlimited
food, limited space/shelter (habitat), unlimited water, disease, predation, competition (Population
Growth slideshow 12/13, 16/17)
4. When given a table of the following numbers of a species, determine the carrying capacity: 100, 97,
100, 101, 99, 100, 98. (Population Growth slideshow 12)
5. Briefly describe a predatory/prey boom bust graph. (Population Growth slideshow 18)
6. For the following decide if they are abiotic (non living) or biotic (living): (ecology slide show slide 3)
e. Food f. Disease
g. Human activities (deforestation, dams)
NOTE: Human activities are anything involving humans and can include use of pesticides, herbicides, our
contribution to climate change, habitat loss and destruction, poaching/hunting, etc.
a. Bacteria
b. pH level
c. fungus
d. plants
e. oxygen availability
f. Sunlight
g. water
h. animals/parasites/predators i. pollution
7. Be able to apply the 10% rule when given a pyramid or a food chain/web (ecology slideshow 20-23) Remember just move the decimal point 1 time for each step. The other 90% of energy is lost as heat energy.
In the following food chain what amount of energy does the snake have if the seed starts with 29345 kcal of energy?
Seed→mouse→snake→ hawk.
Remember the further away from the plant (autotroph) the less energy you have. Bacteria feed on anything that dies.
8. What type of energy is lost during food chains/webs? (HInt 10% rule, plants give energy to animals then they give energy to bacteria when they die (bodies decomposed))
1) DI: a,d,g. DD:b,c,e,f. 2) K is a constant equal to the population size at the equilibrium. 3) 2,4,5,6. 4) 100. 5) Prey population size is followed by predator population size. 6) B: a,c,d,h. A: b,e,f,g,i. 7) 293.45 kcal. 8) caloric energy.
1) What are density dependent or independent factors?
These are limiting factors that affect the carrying capacity.
Density-dependent, DD, factors are a result of the population size
Density-independent, DI, factors do not depend on population size. These are human impact, weather, or natural disasters
a. Weather (snow, rain, drought) → Density-independent
b. Predation → Density-dependent, DD
c. Competition → Density-dependent, DD
d. Natural disasters → Density-independent, DI
e. Food availability → Density-dependent, DD
f. Disease → Density-dependent, DD
g. Human activities (deforestation, dams) → Density-independent, DI
2) What is carrying capacity?Carrying capacity (K) is the maximum point at which the environment can support a growing population. It is a constant equal to the size of the population (N) at the equilibrium point when the natality rate and the mortality rate get equal to each other.
3)
unlimited food → No, because it is unlimitedlimited space/shelter (habitat), → Yes, because it is limitedunlimited water → No, because it is unlimiteddisease → Yes, because it is dense-dependentpredation → Yes, because it is dense-dependentcompetition → Yes, because it is dense-dependent4) 100 is the number of individuals in a species that equals the carrying capacity.
When the population reaches 100 individuals, K = N = 100, it reaches an equilibrium. If it keeps growing N = 101, it must decrease dropping to N = 99.When N < 100 it can still grow. 5) What is the predator-prey model?When a prey lives in the ideal environment with no predators, it shows an exponential growth rate.
Prey can grow, develop, and reproduce, increasing its population size.
But when predators appear, the more available items, the more predator there will be.
The predator population increase in size, decreasing the prey populations size. So there are fewer available items to prey on.
The prey population also affects the predator population. The predator depends on the prey density. The more predators there are, the fewer prey there will be left.
The predator population decreases exponentially due to the item's lack. The predation rate depends on density as well as natality and mortality rates.
Predatory/prey graph,
The graph shows the variation in population size of predators are preys with time. For a better understanding look at the attached files.
1. prey population increases in size → red line
2. predator population increases in size → green line
3. prey population decreases in size → red line
4. predator population decreases in size → green line
6) What are biotic and abiotic factors?The ecosystem is composed of living and non-living things that interact and depend on each other.
Abiotic factors are physical and chemical things of the ecosystem that do not include any living elements. Biotic factors are all the living components in the ecosystem.a. Bacteria → Biotic, B
b. pH level → Abiotic, A
c. fungus → Biotic, B
d. plants → Biotic, B
e. oxygen availability → Abiotic, A
f. Sunlight → Abiotic, A
g. water → Abiotic, A
h. animals/parasites/predators → Biotic, B
i. pollution → Abiotic, A
7) What is the 10% rule?From the energy that reaches the earth's surface, only 0.1 or 1% is taken by autotroph organisms. This small percentage of energy flows through all organisms in the ecosystem until it dissipates in the environment.
The 10% rule states that only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one trophic level, ends up as biomass at the next trophic level.
The progressive reduction of energy determines the number of trophic levels (4 or 5).
Seed → 29345 kcal of energy
⇒ 10% of 29345 kcal is 2934.5
The mouse gets 2934.5 kcal of energy
⇒ 10% of 2934.5 kcal is 293.45
The snake gets 293.45 kcal of energy
⇒ 10% of 293.45 kcal is 29.345
The hawk get 29.345 kcal of energy.
According to these calculations, the snake have 293.45 kcal of energy.
8) What type of energy is lost during food chains/webs?Producers receive luminous energy from the sun, and they store 1% of it.
Consumers along the trophic web receive 10% of chemical energy from the direct anterior link. The remaining energy is lost as caloric energy.
The correct answer is caloric energy.
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density dependent/independent factors at https://brainly.com/question/6675324
carrying capacity at https://brainly.com/question/2375972
predator-prey model at https://brainly.com/question/22122240
biotic/abitoc factors at https://brainly.com/question/1542938
10% rule at brainly.com/question/11665402
Compound microscopes focus light through ______ to produce a magnified image.
Answer:
lenses
Explanation:
Answer:
lenses
Explanation:
i just did that question lol
Which two processes will be involved as this chick grows into a chicken?
A. Cell growth due to taking in nutrients
B. Cell division that involves meiosis
C. Cell division that involves mitosis
D. Cell growth due to fertilization
Answer:
Two processes that are involved as the chick grows into the chicken are -:
Cell growth due to taking in nutrients.Cell growth due to fertilization.Explanation:
Cell growth due to taking in nutrients -: Within the egg, Special temporary organs or embryonic membranes develop both to protect the embryo and to provide nutrition, breathing, and excretion for it. The yolk sac, amnion, and allantois contain these organs include the yolk sac, amnion, and allantois.The yolk sac provides the embryo with food. The amnium provides protection by enclosing the embryo. As a respiratory organ, the allantois collects minerals from the shell and treats waste. Until the moment of hatching, these temporary organs act inside the embryo.
Cell growth due to fertilization -: In the single cell produced by the union of two parental cells, the egg and sperm, the development of the chick starts in the process known as fertilization. Division of the cells stops as the egg is laid and cools. After the egg is laid, cooling the egg does not result in the embryo 's death after the egg is laid.Hence , the correct options are A and D.
Answer:
A and C are correct
Match the items below with the correct type of supernova.
Supernovas are tremendously luminous explosions that occur in a star when it is about to die releasing huge amount of energy, particles and radiation.
What is a supernova?A supernova is an extremely bright explosion of a star which occurs when a star has reached the end of its life and after the intensity gradually dims and the star dies.
Explosions that occur in supernovas release very huge amounts of radio waves, X-rays, gamma rays and also cosmic rays.
There are two main types of supernovae; the type I and the type II supernovas.
Therefore, supernovas are tremendously luminous explosions that occur in a star when it is about to die.
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Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation of one nucleotide in a gene. The type of mutation that causes sickle-cell anemia is known as.
Answer:
I have 2 answers. Not sure which one you were looking for.
Explanation:
1.Mutations in the HBB gene cause sickle cell disease. The HBB gene provides instructions for making one part of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin consists of four protein subunits, typically, two subunits called alpha-globin and two subunits called beta-globin. The HBB gene provides instructions for making beta-globin.
or
Sickle-cell anemia is the result of a change in a single nucleotide, and it represents just one class of mutations called point mutations.
do plants spend the same amount of time in mitosis despite being mature or not?
Answer:
Plant and animal cells both undergo mitotic cell divisions. Their main difference is how they form the daughter cells during cytokinesis. … Plant cells don't have centrioles. Lastly, animal cells divide everywhere and all the time while plant cells divide in a specialized region called the meristems.
What glands produce an oil that keeps the skin and hair soft and also acts as a barrier against bacteria?.
Answer:
sebaceous glands
Explanation:
The sebaceous glands secrete sebum into hair follicles. Sebum is an oil that keeps the skin moist and soft and acts as a barrier against foreign substances.
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The most efficient control of eukaryotic gene expression is achieved at the level of.
Answer:
Maybe epigenetic level
What happens during pubery
Answer:
It changes your life .
Explanation:
Puberty is when a child's body begins to develop and change as they become an adult. Girls develop breasts and start their periods. Boys develop a deeper voice and facial hair will start to appear. The average age for girls to begin puberty is 11, while for boys the average age is 12.
Mendel bred an unknown plant displaying a dominant phenotype with an individual showing the recessive phenotype; then, he analyzed the offspring to determine the unknown genotype. This experiment is called a(n)
What Mendel did according to the illustration would be called test-crossing.
Test-crossingIn genetics, test crossing is a procedure through which the zygosity of an individual can be determined - whether it is homzygous or heterozygous.
Test crossing requires that an organism who displays a dominant trait but whose zygosity is unknown is crossed with another organism of the same species but who displays the recessive version of the same trait.
By so doing and using the knowledge of probability, the resulting offspring from the cross will be used to determine the zygosity level of the parent.
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Match the amount of carbon to each description.
1. The amount of carbon dioxide human activities put into the atmosphere annually in the present day
2. The amount of carbon in the atmosphere
3. The amount of carbon stored in fossil fuels
answers
1.
10 gigatons
2.
840 gigatons
3.
10,000 gigatons
Based on current data;
The amount of carbon dioxide put into the atmosphere annually dueto human activities is 840 gigatonsThe amount of carbon in the atmosphere is 10 gigatons The amount of carbon stored in fossil fuels is 10,000 gigatonsWhat is the carbon cycle?The carbon cycle a cycle showing how carbon is recycled between the atmosphere and earth.
The carbon cycle ensures that their is a balance of carbon in the atmosphere as well as on earth.
Human activities have increased the amount of carbon in the atmosphere.
The amount of carbon dioxide human activities put into the atmosphere annually in the present day is 840 gigatons.
The amount of carbon in the atmosphere is 10 gigatons
The amount of carbon stored in fossil fuels is 10,000 gigatons
Therefore, it can be concluded that human activities disrupt the carbon cycle.
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Your science class has taken swabs throughout the school. The image shows the
petri dish containing a bacterial culture that developed from a swab of one computer keyboard in the classroom. You would like to make a detailed observation of the internal structures of the bacteria in your culture. You know
that In order to see just their shape, it is necessary to use a magnification of
about 400x to 1000x. Based on this, develop a logical argument for using a transmission electron microscope.
A. The TEM magnifies 1,500,000X and produces a 3D image.
B. The TEM produces a 2D image of whatever specimen you are viewing.
C. The TEM magnifies up to 200,000X and you can see great detail, including the internal structure of cells.
D. In order to keep the students safe, the bacteria must be dead before viewing with any microscope.
Answer:
The TEM magnifies up to 200,000X and you can see great detail, including the internal structure of cells.
Explanation:
took the quiz and got all correct. good luck!
Answer:
The TEM magnifies up to 200,000X and you can see great detail, including the internal structure of cells.
Explanation: