Match the energy storage form on the left with its main storage location on the right 3. proteins c. adipose tissue
What is the primary place of bodily energy storage?Glucose is the primary source of energy for our cells. When the body does not require glucose for energy, it stores it in the liver and muscles. This stored form of glucose is known as glycogen and is made up of numerous linked glucose molecules.
However, glucose is a big molecule and is not the most effective means for the body to produce energy rapidly. Adenosine Triphosphate is the most frequent type of energy in cells (ATP).
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1 of 3 question 1 question two species of fish that live in extremely cold environments produce near-identical antifreeze glycoproteins, called afgps. scientists have determined the origins of the afgp gene in both species. selected characteristics of the two fish species are provided in table 1. table 1. characteristics of two fish species producing nearly identical antifreeze glycoproteins fish species order location evolutionary origin of the afgp gene boreogadus saida gadiformes arctic no sequence identity with trypsinogen dissostichus mawsoni perciformes antarctic pancreatic trypsinogen based on the information in table 1, which of the following statements best describes the production of nearly identical afgps in these two species of fish? responses the fish eat the same type of food, which resulted in the evolution of similar digestive proteins. the fish eat the same type of food, which resulted in the evolution of similar digestive proteins. the fish live in environments with similar selective pressures, and those that produce afgps are better able to survive. the fish live in environments with similar selective pressures, and those that produce a f g ps are better able to survive. the antarctic fish species evolved into a separate species after being geographically isolated from the arctic population because of commercial fishing. the antarctic fish species evolved into a separate species after being geographically isolated from the arctic population because of commercial fishing. the production of similar afgps was due to random splicing of exons in both species.
The following statement which best describes the production of nearly identical AFGPS in these two species of fish is that the fish live in environments with similar selective pressures, and those that produce AFGPS are better able to survive which is therefore denoted as option B.
What is AFGPS?This is known as Antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) and they are unique proteins that inhibit the growth of ice by a mechanism.
In a scenario where a similar substance is produced, is that the fishes in such region will be able to survive better as a result of a more favorable environment due to the absence of ice.
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true/false. temperature inversions occur during episodes of reduced air pollution. when surface temperatures are cooler than overlying air. when surface temperatures are higher than overlying layers of air. when there is good air drainage and ventilation of the surface air.
False. Temperature inversions occur when surface temperatures are warmer than overlying layers of air, and they are not necessarily associated with episodes of reduced air pollution.
During a temperature inversion, the warmer air near the surface becomes trapped under a layer of cooler air, which can prevent the vertical mixing of pollutants and lead to the accumulation of pollutants in the lower atmosphere. This is because the cooler air acts as a lid, preventing the warmer, polluted air from rising and dispersing.
In contrast, good air drainage and ventilation of surface air typically occurs when there is a stable atmospheric layer overlying the surface, which allows for the vertical mixing and dispersion of pollutants. This occurs when surface temperatures are cooler than overlying layers of air, which promotes the upward movement of air and the dispersal of pollutants.
It is important to note that air pollution and temperature inversions can be related, as episodes of high air pollution can exacerbate the negative effects of temperature inversions on air quality. However, the occurrence of temperature inversions is not directly related to the level of air pollution in the atmosphere.
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Which of the following people conducted the experiments that demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of bacteriophages?
answer choices
Watson and Crick
Pauling
Franklin
Hershey and Chase
On bacteriophages, also known as bacteria-infecting viruses, Hershey and Chase conducted their experiments that were later known as the Hershey-Chase experiments.
The tests came after decades of scepticism among scientists regarding the composition of genetic material, which was either made up of DNA or proteins.
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase carried out a series of experiments in 1952 that helped to establish that DNA is genetic material. These experiments are known as the Hershey-Chase experiments.
Martha Chase, a scientist, and Alfred Hershey
Although DNA had been known to biologists since 1869, many scientists at the time still believed that proteins carried the genetic information for inheritance because DNA appeared to be an inert molecule and because it was thought to be phosphorus storage due to its location in the nucleus.
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Which of the following is not a functional characteristic of WBCs? A) granulosis
B) diapedesis
C) ameboid motion
D) positive chemotaxis
Granulosis does not serve any purpose in WBCs.
What use do WBCs serve?A specific type of blood cell that is present within both blood and lymphatic tissue and is made in the bone marrow. WBCs are a part of the body's immunological system. They help the body ’s ability to fight against infection and disease. Other types of WBCs include lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) (T cells and B cells).
White blood cells are part of the body's immunological system. They help the body's defences against infection and disease. Several types of white blood cells include lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) (T cells and B cells).
What one purpose does blood serve?One of the many functions blood does is delivering nutrients and oxygen to the lungs and other tissues. the coagulation of blood, which contains immune system-supporting cells and antibodies, to limit excessive blood loss.
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shown below is a pedigree for phenylketonuria (pku), an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder. the characteristic feature of pku is severe intellectual deficiency.
Shown below is a pedigree for phenylketonuria (PKU), an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder. The related solutions are mentioned below.
What is phenylketonuria?Phenylketonuria, generally known as PKU, is a rare hereditary condition that results in an accumulation of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body. The phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene is altered in PKU. It is an autosomal recessive disease.
A. The probability that individual II-1 is heterozygous for this gene is 50% as he may be a carrier.
B. The probability that individual III-4 is heterozygous for this gene is 50% as she may be a carrier.
C. If individuals III-3 and III-4 were to marry, the probability that their child would express PKU is 0% as none of them had PKU.
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The question is incomplete, but most probably the complete question is,
Shown below is a pedigree for Phenylketonuria (PKU), an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder. The characteristic feature of PKU is severe mental instability.
A) What is the probability that individual II-1 is heterozygous for this gene?
B) What is the probability that individual III-4 is heterozygous for this gene?
C) If individuals III-3 and III-4 were to marry, what is the probability that their child would express PKU?
In a certain species of insect, the gene for long antennae is dominant over
the gene for short antenna. What is the probability of offspring with short
antennae resulting from a cross between an insect with short antennae and
an insect heterozygous (hybrid) for long antennae?
75%
O 25%
0%
O 50%
In a certain species of insect, the gene for long antennae is dominant over the gene for short antenna. Therefore the probability of offspring with short antennae resulting from a cross between an insect with short antennae and an insect heterozygous (hybrid) for long antennae is 50% and is therefore denoted as option D.
What is Probability?This is referred to as the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an event is to occur.
A cross between an insect with short antennae and an insect heterozygous (hybrid) for long antennae are:
Ss × ss = Ss Ss ss ss
Therefore the ss is 2/4 which is 50%.
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Which of the following is the main cause of thermal water pollution?
Responses
oil extraction
fertilizer use
mining underground
global warming
The main cause of thermal water pollution from the list would be global warming. Last option.
What is global warming?Global warming is a long-term increase in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system, primarily due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions trapping more heat in the atmosphere.
Global warming can cause thermal water pollution through the increase in air and water temperatures.
As the temperature rises, water bodies can become too warm, causing a reduction in oxygen levels and impacting aquatic life. Additionally, increased water temperatures can lead to the growth of algae and harmful bacteria, further disrupting the ecosystem.
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Answer: The correct answer is global warming
Explanation: This answer has been confirmed correct.
information dictating the primary sequence of a polypeptide is permanently maintained within a cell in which of the following forms?O DNAO RNAO GeneO Steroids
Information dictating primary sequence of polypeptide is permanently maintained within a cell in the forms of : DNA.
What is meant by primary sequence of polypeptide?Primary structure of a protein is defined as sequence of amino acids linked together to form polypeptide chain. Each amino acid is linked to next amino acid through peptide bonds created during protein biosynthesis process.
Protein primary structure is linear sequence of amino acids in peptide or protein. The primary structure of protein is reported starting from amino-terminal end to carboxyl-terminal end. Protein biosynthesis is commonly performed by ribosomes in cells.
Sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain with reference to locations of any disulfide bonds is primary structure of polypeptides and proteins.
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Pls help science
Picture below with question
F represents photosynthesis
Matter is conserved because the number of atoms in the process remain the same
It is a recycling of carbon as it helps to remove carbon from the environment and incorporates it into biomass.
What is the carbon cycle?The carbon cycle is the movement of carbon atoms from one location to another and back again, as part of the natural processes that occur on Earth. Carbon is an essential element for life, and the carbon cycle plays a critical role in maintaining the balance of carbon in the atmosphere, oceans, and land masses.
The carbon cycle is a complex and dynamic process that is affected by both natural and human factors. Understanding the carbon cycle is important for predicting and mitigating the impacts of climate change, as well as for developing sustainable practices for the use of natural resources.
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which of the following methods should the farmers choose to minimize the cost for efficient pest removal while still reaching their goal of reducing the amount of pollution in the river?
The greatest way for farmers to reduce the expense of effective pest control while still achieving their goal of lowering river pollution is through the use of Integrated Pest Management (IPM).
What is pollution?The presence or introduction of dangerous substances into the environment that have a negative impact on nature and living things is known as pollution. Human activities like industrial processes, transportation, agriculture, and waste disposal are some of the many sources of pollution. Common types of pollution include air, water, and soil pollution, all of which can have a negative effect on ecosystems, wildlife, human health, and the climate.
IPM is a way for managing pests with the least amount of expense and negative impact on the environment by combining several pest management techniques, such as cultural, biological, and chemical control. This method entails keeping an eye on pest populations, identifying when and if control measures are required, and choosing the best method of management based on the biology, behavior, and economic thresholds of the pests. The adoption of IPM techniques can lessen the demand for pesticides and the risks to human health and the environment while also lowering expenses by cutting out treatments that aren't necessary.
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miller's classic experiment demonstrated that a discharge of sparks through a mixture of gases could result in the formation of a large variety of organic compounds. miller did not use which one of the following gases in his experiment? group of answer choices methane oxygen water ammonia
Miller did not use the oxygen gas in his classic experiments which he conducted in order to demonstrate the discharge of sparks through a mixture of gases.
The correct option is option b.
The Miller–Urey experiment which is also known as the classic Miller experiment is a famous chemistry experiment which basically attempted to simulated the conditions which were thought at the time to be present in the early atmosphere of the prebiotic Earth.
This was done in order to test the hypothesis about the chemical origin of life which happened on Earth under those conditions. The experiment basically used water, methane, ammonia, hydrogen, as well as an electric arc for simulating lightning. Oxygen was not used in this experiment.
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reservoir hosts who are unaware of their ability to spread an infectious disease are identified as carriers.T/F
True. Carriers are defined as reservoir hosts who are not aware of their capacity to transmit an infectious disease.
The immune system's specialized cells and organelles provide the body with disease defense. We refer to this defense as immunity. PPE items like gloves, masks, and goggles operate as physical barriers to keep infectious agents away from the hands, skin, clothes, eyes, nose, and mouth.
An infectious agent is conveyed from a reservoir to a susceptible host through direct touch or droplet dispersal in direct transmission. Skin-to-skin contact, kissing, and sexual touch are examples of direct contact. Personal protective equipment usage (e.g., gloves, masks, eyewear).
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art d - summary: components of skin layers each layer of the skin is composed of a different type of tissue and contains different components. drag and drop the labels to their appropriate location in the skin.
Art d - summary: components of skin layers each layer of the skin is composed of a different type of tissue and contains different components. drag and drop the labels to their appropriate location in the skin is the skin consists of three layers namely episermis, dermis, and hypodermis.
The skin is the limiting organ between humans and the external environment which consists of three layers, namely the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. The skin functions to keep substances in the body such as water from coming out and protects the body from foreign particles so they don't enter the body.
The epidermis is the outermost tissue which is composed of the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum. The dermis is a layer composed of collagen and elastin fibers that lies between the epidermis and the hypodermis. The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessel endings. While the hypodermis is composed of connective and adipose tissue in which there is fatty tissue and functions to give shape to the body and maintain body temperature.
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In the absence of crossing over, which formula best represents the number of possible different arrangements of chromosomes generated by independent assortment? A. 2^n, where n represents the number of chromosomes per cell entering meiosis B. n^2, where n represents the number of homologous chromosome pairs per cell entering meiosis C. 2^n, where n represents the number of homologous chromosome pairs per cell entering meiosis D. 2n, where n represents the number of chromosomes per cell entering meiosis E. 2n, where n represents the number of homologous chromosome pairs per cell entering meiosis
The best formula that represent the number of possible different arrangements of chromosomes generated by independent assortment, in the absence of crossing over is: (E) 2n, where n represents the number of pairs of homologous chromosome in each cell entering meiosis.
Independent assortment was the law given by Mendel. It states that the sorting of alleles of two or more genes into the gametes is independent of each other. Thus, one allele does not interfere the sorting of other one.
Meiosis is the process of cell division where one cell divides to give rise to 4 daughter cells which have half the number of chromosomes than the parent cell. This is why it is also called reduction division.
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How many atoms and of which type would be found in a single molecule of methane?
For each of the following statements, determine whether it refers to the theory of spontaneous generation or to biogenesis
1. Living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells. 2. Living cells can arise from nonliving matter under favorable conditions. 3. Microorganisms present in nonliving matter can lead to new microorganisms 4. Vital forces in nonliving matter can load to new life 5. Lite can arise spontaneously from nonliving matter. 6. Life can arise as a result of microorganisms present in nonliving matter.
Spontaneous generation= Biogenesis=
The concept that live things can spontaneously develop from inert materials is known as the notion of spontaneous generation, or abiogenesis. The idea of biogenesis holds that living things can only develop from other living things.
Living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells. - BiogenesisLiving cells can arise from nonliving matter under favorable conditions. - Theory of Spontaneous GenerationMicroorganisms present in the non-living matter can lead to new microorganisms - Theory of Spontaneous GenerationVital forces in the non-living matter can load to new life - Theory of Spontaneous GenerationLite can arise spontaneously from nonliving matter. - Theory of Spontaneous GenerationLife can arise as a result of microorganisms present in nonliving matter. - Theory of Spontaneous Generation (this statement implies that microorganisms can arise spontaneously from nonliving matter, which is part of the theory of spontaneous generation)To know more about the Theory of Spontaneous Generation:
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Which statement identifies a reason to preserve wetlands?
Wetlands store floodwaters, So, the correct option is B.
What are Wetlands?Wetlands are defined as areas where water covers the soil all of the time or partially that are important because they protect and improve water quality, provide habitat for fish and wildlife, reduce flooding store water and maintain surface water flow during dry periods.
Wetlands play a vital role in maintaining many natural cycles and supporting a wide range of biodiversity that purify and replenish our water, and provide the fish and rice which feed billions. They store floodwaters.
Thus, Wetlands store floodwaters, So, the correct option is B.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
Which statement identifies a reason to preserve wetlands?
They supply water to river systems.They store floodwaters.They divide different watersheds.They are used for hydroelectricity.Between the Red blood cells and white blood cells which cells moves on its own
Answer:
white blood cells move on their own
category C agents such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, hantavirus, and yellow fever viruses differ from category A and B agents in that____.
Hantaviruses, yellow fever viruses, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are different among type A and B agents in this regard. new outbreaks of infectious diseases such the hantavirus and nipah virus.
What exactly are bioterrorism Category C agents?Zika virus, Bloodborne diseases, sneeze coronavirus pathogens, arthropod edema (TBE) virus complicated, yellow fever, plus multidrug-resistant tuberculosis are the current agents that the CDC has classified as category C. (MDR-TB).
The reason anthrax is in Category A?Based on the National cancer Institute and Prevention, anthrax is a Category A agent. Due to their ease of distribution and high probability of mortality or serious sickness, Category A agents are regarded as the greatest threat to national security.
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of the various arrangements in the image, a strep arrangement is statistically most likely to give rise to all of the other arrangements if the cells were randomly spread on a slide.
Strep (short for streptococcus) is a type of bacteria that tends to grow in chains or clusters, rather than in random arrangements.
This means that if strep cells were randomly spread on a slide, they are more likely to form a strep arrangement than any other arrangement. This is because neighboring cells in a chain or cluster can more easily divide and grow in the same direction, leading to the formation of longer chains or clusters. In contrast, random cell arrangements are less likely to result in the formation of regular, patterned structures. Therefore, a strep arrangement is statistically most likely to give rise to all of the other arrangements if the cells were randomly spread on a slide. Strep (short for streptococcus) is a type of bacteria that tends to grow in chains or clusters, rather than in random arrangements.
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A couple has a daughter with Turner syndrome, a condition in which only a single copy of the X chromosome is present. This results from nondisjunction, the failure of the X chromosome to segregate properly during meiosis.
During which meiotic division, and in which parent, could nondisjunction have occurred to produce a child with this condition?
Select all that apply..
Meiosis I in the mother
Meiosis II in the mother
Meiosis I in the father
Meiosis II in the father
The meiotic division and parent in which this nondisjunction could have occurred to produce a child with Turner syndrome, a condition in which only a single copy of the X chromosome is present should be Meiosis I in the mother, Meiosis II in the mother and Meiosis I in the father.
Why X non disjunction does not affect meiosis II in males?X non-disjunction does not affect meiosis II in males because males have one X chromosome while the second homolog chromosome is the Y chromosome.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that Turner syndrome does not affect Meiosis II in males.
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Suppose that a single gene in a population has three alleles, or variants, A1, A2, and A3. In a mating pair of birds, the male has alleles Aį and A2, and the female has alleles A and A3. AA2 А.Аз What is the probability that A3 will be passed to any offspring?
Answer:
Explanation: The probability of any offspring inheriting allele A3 from the female is 50%. Since the offspring will either inherit the allele from the mother's first chromosome or the second chromosome. This is because the female has one A1 allele and one A3 allele, and each chromosome that a parent contributes to the offspring is chosen randomly.
In this mating pair, the offspring will receive one allele from each parent, which means that each offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting A1 from the father, a 50% chance of inheriting A2 from the father, a 50% chance of inheriting A1 from the mother, and a 50% chance of inheriting A3 from the mother.
So, to find the probability of the offspring inheriting A3, we multiply the probabilities of each event:
P(A3) = P(A3 from mother) * P(A1 or A2 from father)
= 0.5 * 0.5
= 0.25
Therefore, the probability of any offspring inheriting allele A3 from the female is 0.25 or 25%.
The regolith is View Available Hint(s) A) all the unconsolidated layers of our soil B) clay, sand, and silt C) the A horizon D) clay, sand, silt, and small rocks E) the part of the soil that supports life
A) all the unconsolidated layers of our soil. Regolith is a zone of loose, unconsolidated rock and dust that lies on top of a layer of bedrock.
On Earth, regolith also comprises soil, a biologically active medium and an essential element in plant development. Several geologic resources, including aluminium, iron, clays, diamonds, and rare earth elements, can be found in regolith. Despite the fact that soil has not yet been discovered on any other celestial bodies that have been investigated, it can be found on the Moon, other planets, and asteroids.
Regolith on Earth is mostly a result of weathering. Bedrock can be exposed to water or other substances that seep through the soil, or it can appear as an outcrop (a deposit of rock that is exposed at the Earth's surface).
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5.
How many fragments were
produced by the restriction
enzyme Hindlll?
8 fragments are produced by the restriction enzyme Hindlll.
What are restriction enzymes?An isolated bacterial protein known as a restriction enzyme cleaves DNA at sequence-specific locations to create DNA fragments with a known sequence at each end. For several laboratory techniques, such as genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technologies, restriction enzymes are essential.
The phosphodiester linkages between the phosphate and the pentose sugar in the sugar-phosphate backbone are broken at a specific point by restriction enzymes.
HindIII is a type 2 restriction enzyme and it produces 8 fragments.
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when looking at an object, each individual eye calculates the physical location as being different. this indicates that the object is
The difference in picture where an object is viewed by left and right eyes as a result of the eye' horizontal separation is known as binocular disparity (parallax).
Why does the image that is created in our eyes differ from what we actually see?Images are created on each eye's retina during a process known as binocular vision. So because object is being seen from somewhat various perspectives, these photos are slightly different. The brain receives nerve signals from each vision, which it interprets as two perspectives of the same item.
What part of the eye is in charge of focusing light onto the retina?The term "cornea" refers to the transparent, spherical part of the eye. The light as enters the eye is refracted onto lens and then focussed onto the retina as a result of it. The cornea lacks blood vessels and is excruciatingly uncomfortable.
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The humoral control of hormone release may be triggered which of the following factors? A) blood level of an ion like calciumB) blood level of a pituitary hormoneC) blood level of a hypothalamic hormone
D) nervous stimuliE) neurotransmitter activation
The blood level of an ion like calcium factors may cause the humoral control of hormone release to be activated.
A humoral stimulus is a change in the extracellular fluids, such as blood, or the ion concentration in the blood, which affects the release of hormones. For instance, a rise in blood glucose levels causes the release of insulin from the pancreas.
The amount of each hormone released is controlled by the endocrine system. The amount of hormones already present in the blood as well as other blood constituents, such as calcium, may play a role in this. Stress, infections, and alterations in the fluid and mineral balance of the blood are just a few of the many factors that can affect hormone levels.
Calcium from the duodenum walls is absorbed into the bloodstream by vitamin D in the digestive tract.
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The picture shows a group of muscle cells. They can contract to cause movement. How does the structure of a muscle cell support its function? O A. Its flexible walls allow it to pass through tight spaces. OB. Its size allows it to store many lipid molecules. OC. It contains long fibers that can lengthen and shorten. OD. Its long, narrow shape allows it to send signals.
If individual 2 is married to a woman with no family history of the disease, which of the following is most likely to happen to their children?
a. one of the children will have a disease
b. both children will have the disease
c. None of the children will have the disease
No offspring of person 2 would get the condition if they married a lady who had no history of the illness in her family.
How can a person's family history affect their health?Family history is regarded as one of the most important risk factors for health problems such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and various psychiatric conditions. Beyond only DNA, family members share many other traits. Additionally, their environments, lifestyles, and private habits are similar.
What exactly does the term "family health" mean?Family health encompasses more than just the overall physical and mental health of the family's members, including the father; it also takes into account how the family interacts with one another in terms of physical and mental health, how the family interacts with its social environment, and how the family develops at all stages.
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Arrange the three stages of glycolysis in the correct order. Begin with the initial phase at the top of the list.
1. Energy investment phase
2. Cleavage phase
3. Energy liberation phase
The correct order of three stages of glycolysis is energy investment phase> cleavage phase> energy liberation phase.
The initial glucose molecule undergoes a rearrangement during energy investment phase, and two phosphate groups are linked to it. Because of the phosphate groups comes from ATP, two molecules of ATP get used up.
Glycolysis, which translates to "splitting sugars," is the process through which sugars release their stored energy. A six-carbon sugar called glucose is broken into two molecules of a three-carbon sugar called pyruvate during the process of glycolysis.
This multi-step process produces two molecules of free-energy-containing ATP, two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of high-energy, electron-carrying NADH, and two molecules of water.
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Endosymbiosis is the internalization of one species by a host species. According to the endosymbiotic hypothesis, Internalized prokaryotes eventually evolved into eukaryotic organelles Drag the images to the targets of Group 1 in the order of the endosymbiotic hypothesis. Then match each description with the appropriate step. Reset Photos posaryote begins to be onged by ancestral Photosynth pro wly gueros in a wood with orges Oxygen abolizing bacterium begins to be onquilled by ancestral Ancora colli nucleus and Endomembrane wyelem Ootabong bacteris fuayened in the ball Photosynthetic Oxygen metaboling bacterium 2 Group Group Group 1 Group Group Gro2 Group 2 Group 2 Group 2 Group 2
Assimilated prokaryotes in the long run developed into eukaryotic organelles Drag the pictures to the objectives of Gruap 1 in the request for the endosymbiotic speculation.
The Endosymbiotic Hypothesis expresses that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once oxygen-consuming microscopic organisms (prokaryotes) that were ingested by an enormous anaerobic microorganism (prokaryote). The oxygen-consuming microscopic organisms were at first free-living prokaryotes, prior to being ingested by anaerobic microorganisms.
The main speculation, called the endosymbiotic hypothesis, is that eukaryotes emerged because of a combination of Archaean cells with microscopic organisms, where an old Archaean overwhelmed (but didn't eat) an old, oxygen-consuming bacterial cell.
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