(Legal restrictions on dividend payments) Describe the types of limitations firms can face from legal restrictions on dividend payments Which of the following statements describe the types of limitations firms can face from legal restrictions on dividend payments? (Select all that apply.) A. A corporation may not pay a dividend if the amount of the dividend exceeds the firm's retained earnings. C. A corporation may not pay a dividend if the dividend is being paid from capital invested in the firm. E. A corporation may not pay a dividend when any preferred dividends are delinquent. B. A corporation may not pay a dividend if the firm's liabilities exceed its assets. D. A corporation may not pay a dividend before the debt is repaid

The effect of the declaration of a cash dividend on a company's financial statements is to decrease both stockholders' equity and total assets.

Dividends are cash payments made to the stockholders of a public company. Stockholders are individuals who purchase shares in a public company.

Dividends are paid with cash, thus, the assets of a company would decline. Since assets is positively related to stockholders equity, stock holder's equity would also decline.

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You establish objectives for a risk management plan long before you allocate any capital.

In order to reduce, monitor, and control the likelihood or impact of unpleasant events or to optimize the realization of possibilities, risk management involves the identification, evaluation, and prioritizing of risks. This is followed by the coordinated and efficient use of resources.

The process of discovering, evaluating, and controlling risks to an organization's resources and profits is known as risk management. These dangers can be caused by a number of things, such as monetary unpredictability, legal responsibilities, technological problems, strategic management blunders, accidents, and natural calamities.

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We should establish objectives for a risk management plan establishing when clear goals and risk factors for a potential investment are early on, and striving to achieve those goals and reduce or eliminate risk factors, can help you come up with new strategies on the fly when investment problems arise. It is almost always financially wiser than adopting.

As a management process, risk management takes a proactive and structured approach to identify and avoid the potential cost, schedule, and performance/technical risks to a system and manage negative outcomes, It is used to address them and identify potential opportunities as they arise. may be hidden in the situation

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Journal entries based on the bank reconciliation are required in the company's accounts for additions to the balance according to the company's records and deductions from the balance according to the company's records and as well as for book errors.

When there are changes to the balance according to the books, a bank reconciliation needs journal entries.

These adjustments are the result of things that were on the bank statement but were not reflected in the general ledger accounts of the business.

The following are examples of common adjustments to the balance per books:

bank fees or service costs for keeping the account, fees for executing wire transfers, printing checks, and so forth, accrued bank interest, Paying back loans, Electronic payments or charges made by suppliers and others and Previously deposited customer cheques that are now being returned due to insufficient money.

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For pdp medication home delivery, the Medicare part D plan will continue to offer a discount for 90-day tier 2, tier 3 and tier 6 prescriptions.

Medicare can be defined as a  medical insurance coverage that help to cover the medical costs  of those people under the plan.

Therefore, For prescription drug plan medication home delivery, the Medicare part D plan will  continue to offer a 90-day tier 2, tier 3 and tier 6 prescriptions discount.

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A coca- cola ad that highlights the firm's growing use of recyclable materials and other investments in sustainability is an example of institutional advertising.

Institutional advertising is  described as promotional activities which  are used to improve the reputation of brand, and also build a positive image of a brand, or in order to encourage the support of a specific brand or organization.

Institutional advertising is different from other  forms of advertising as it is not used to sell a specific product or service.

Institutional advertising is used to promote the brand or organization itself so that a sense of trust or respect can be created. The goal of institutional advertising is just to get the viewers to know about the brand in a very positive way .

When institutional advertising is implemented, a target group is determined. For this a proper message and a  proper method of communication is also required.

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The famous Oreo cookie has added to its brand. The Oreo company now sells piecrusts, ice cream cones, and cookie dough. Now Oreo can compete more broadly in the industry because of its product line extension.

The product lines are characterized as a marketing strategy used by companies with the objective of gaining market and increasing sales of products through current and new consumers.

This strategy occurs when a company makes available on the market a group of differentiated products sold by the same brand, but with different features and benefits to meet the needs of different types of target audience. The expansion of the product line is an effective strategy to increase brand value and customer loyalty, since there is a greater likelihood of consumers returning to consume a brand they admire and have had good experiences in previous purchases.

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The major difference between a corporation and other kinds of businesses. Many, if not all, companies are joint-stock companies and vice versa. The company or other company may attempt to be incorporated. As a company, the company exists as a legal entity separate from the owner. Best of all, this means that the owner cannot be held liable for the company's debt.

A corporation is an entity owned by shareholders who elect a board of directors that oversees the activities of the organization. A company is responsible for its actions and finances, but its shareholders are not.

Unlike sole proprietorships, corporations are subject to limited liability.

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It is true that principal has a duty to pay an agent in a timely manner under the customary compensation for services rendered.

This is when two parties have agreed that an agent will act on behalf of the principal in negotiating and transacting business with third parties.

With regards to compensation, when a principal requests certain services from an agent, the principal has a duty to pay the agent, in a timely manner, for those services rendered.

Some of the duties of principal to its agent are:

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Beta = Covariance/Variance where: Covariance=A measure of an investment's return in relation to the market Variance is a measurement of how the market deviates from its mean.

Compute the beta for ABC Company stock ?

The standard deviation of returns for the asset could be divided by the standard deviation of returns for the benchmark to determine beta. The correlation between the security's returns and the benchmark's returns of 32.21 percent is multiplied to arrive at the final number.

Given that AAPL's beta of 0.6035 suggests the stock theoretically experiences 40 percent less volatility than SPY, AAPL would be regarded as being less volatile than SPY in this situation.

A stock with a beta greater than 1.0 fluctuates more than the market over time. A stock's beta is less than 1.0 if it moves less than the market. High-beta equities typically carry higher risks but also have a bigger potential reward. Although they carry less risk, low-beta equities often offer lesser returns.

Because of this, beta is frequently employed as a risk-reward ratio, which aids investors in deciding how much risk they are ready to accept in order to reap the potential rewards. It's crucial to take stock price volatility into account when determining risk. Beta is a useful proximate for risk if you view of risk as the likelihood that a stock would depreciate in value.

Beta = Covariance/Variance where: Covariance=A measure of an investment's return in relation to the market Variance is a measurement of how the market deviates from its mean.

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If the demand for product x is inelastic, a 15 percent decrease in the price of x will: Reduce by more than 15 percent the amount of X that is being requested. Reduce by less than 15 percent the amount of X that is being requested.

This is further explained below.

Generally, An economic concept known as inelastic refers to an item or service's static quantity when its price varies. When a product's price increases or decreases, customers' purchasing patterns are said to be inelastic, which indicates that neither change affects the other.

In conclusion,If there is no elasticity in the demand for product x, then a price reduction of 15% for product x will have the following effects: The quantity of X that is being requested should be decreased by more than 15 percent. The quantity of X that is being sought should be decreased by more than 10 but less than 15 percent.

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Also, national saving is the income of the nation that is left after paying. Therefore, national saving (S) is defined as National saving is the nation's income that is left after paying for current consumption and government purchases, that is: S = Y-C-G

How is national wealth linked to national saving?

The difference between private national wealth and government wealth is known as national saving. A nation's physical assets domestically plus its net overseas assets make up its national wealth.

Why is saving important to the economy?

All other things being equal, a higher personal saving rate will eventually translate into a larger level of physical capital, enabling the economy to create more goods and services. Personal saving also adds to investment.

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Answer: True

Explanation:

Under the purchasing power parity theory, an increase in the U.S. price level of 10% relative to the Japanese price level will result in a 10% appreciation of the yen.

Rising US price levels mean that the value of the dollar has fallen. It means there will be an appreciation of the yen.

Purchasing power parity theory means that the prices of goods after currency exchange will be the same in each country. For example, if the price of Coca-Cola is 100 pence in the UK and $ 1.50 in the US, then according to PPP theory (US price divided by UK price), the GBP / USD exchange rate will be 1.50.

PPP is a currency conversion rate that equalizes the purchasing power of different currencies by eliminating price level differences between countries.

The base commodity PPP for each economic pair can be calculated directly by taking the geometric mean of the relative prices of the two rice varieties. A side-by-side comparison. PPP between economy B and A can be calculated indirectly: PPP C/A × PPP B/C = PPP B/A.

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Total variable cost is -44000 ,0, 244000.

TR = P * Q

TC = FC + VC

Profit = TR - TC

Price Q                        TR                       FC              VC

10      6000 6000 * 10 = 60000 44000 =10 * 6000 = 60000    

16 8000 16 * 8000 = 128000 44000 =10.5 * 8000 = 84000

40 12000 40 * 12000 = 480000 44000 =16*12000 = 192000

Profit

-44000

0

244000.

The main goal of a perfect competitor to maximize profits is to calculate the optimum production level where marginal cost (MC) = market price (P). As shown in the graph above, the point of profit maximization is where the MC intersects the MR or P.

This is the output when the marginal revenue from the last sold unit is equal to the marginal cost to produce it.

In order to maximize profits, companies need to produce in a place where marginal revenue and marginal cost are equal. The company's marginal production cost is $ 20 per unit. If the company produces 4 units, its marginal revenue is $ 20. Therefore, the company needs to produce 4 production units.

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Suppose an interest group offers you a discount on car repairs for joining. The kind of benefit which is being offered is called solidary benefit.

A solidary benefit is another type of benefit offered to members of an interest group. A solidary benefit is one in which the rewards for participation are social and created out of the act of association.

Solidary benefit also social rewards, which lead people to join local or state political organizations. Those who find politics fun and they have interest in politics are sent to respond to Solidary incentives.

When you join an interest group, you are offered with a discount which is highly based on the kind of interest group which a person is joining. Suppose an interest group can offer you a discount on car repairs for joining.

Hence, this kind of benefit is called solidary benefit.

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The time lag for monetary policy is typically shorter than the time lag for fiscal policy.

Monetary policy changes normally take a certain amount of time to have an effect on the economy. The time lag could span anywhere from ​nine months up to two years​.

Fiscal policy and its effects on output have a shorter time lag. When monetary policy attempts to stimulate the economy by lowering interest rates, it may take up to ​18 months​ for evidence of any improvement in economic conditions to show up. Additionally, if the government changes its fiscal policy and chooses to increase spending, for example, the fiscal stimulus may still take several months to have any effect on the economy.

Therefore, we can conclude that the correct option is A.

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was:

The time lag for monetary policy is typically ________________ the time lag for fiscal policy. Select one:

a. shorter than

b. longer than

c. about the same as

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A recession within a nation will reduce imports directly, but the impact on the national economy is negative.

Monetary policy. monetary policy consists of the steps the central bank of a nation can take in order to regulate the nation's money supply. For example, a central bank might reduce interest rates during a recession in order to make loans more readily available to other banks and thus stimulate economic recovery.

During a recession, the economic struggles, people lose work, companies make fewer sales, and the country's overall economic output decline. The point at which the financial system officially falls right into a recession relies upon an expansion of things.

Monetary policy can offset a downturn due to the fact that decreased interest rates reduce consumers' cost of borrowing to shop for large-ticket objects such as cars or homes. For firms, the economic policy also can reduce the value of an investment.

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The correct option is (b) negligent hiring.

State courts have ruled that companies can be held liable for negligent hiring if they fail to do adequate background checks.

According to the doctrine of negligent hiring, a company is responsible for any injury its workers do to third parties if they knew or should have known that the employee posed a danger of doing so, or if a reasonable investigation would have revealed the risk.

The causes of negligence hiring are-

An employer be concerned about negligent hiring and retention because-

The elements of a negligent retention claim include all of the following:

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Answer:

The answer to your question is 42%

Explanation:

In 2009, the national center for statistics and analysis estimates alcohol was involved in 42% of fatal crashes.

I hope this helps and have a good day!

Answer:Decrease

Explanation:

journal entry to record the collection of the note would be:

debit to Notes Receivable for $20,000

credit to Notes Receivable for $20,300

debit to Interest Receivable for $300

*credit to Interest Revenue for $300

More about journal entry:

A journal entry is a record of a business transaction in an organization's accounting system. Journal entries are the foundation of the double-entry accounting method, which has been used to keep financial records for centuries. They allow a company to track what its resources have been used for and where those resources came from.

More about Notes Receivable:

Amounts owed by customers for which a formal credit agreement has been written and signed Typically used when payment is not expected for more than 60 days. A formal credit account requiring interest is sometimes used to settle an account receivable. Depending on the term of the note, it can be a current or noncurrent asset. The borrower on a note is referred to as the "Maker." The "payee" is the party making the loan.

Interest Receivable:

It is the interest earned by the company, but not yet collected in cash.

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The common people affected by the surplus:

The common people were affected by this surplus by being put into cities rather than their property on the farm. This separated families because the men, women, and children were all working long days at the factories rather than the family dynamic that they had when working on the farm together.

The definition of surplus is something this is in excess of what you need. An example of surplus goods is gadgets you do not need and haven't any use for. An instance of surplus cash is money left over after you have got paid all of your payments.

A budget surplus occurs while government brings in extra from taxation than it spends. finances surpluses aren't always beneficial as they could create deflation and monetary growth. finances surpluses aren't always terrible or right, but extended intervals of surpluses or deficits can cause vast problems.

Army surplus is goods, typically matériel, which can be offered or in any other case disposed of when now not needed by the military. marketers often buy these goods and resell them at surplus shops.

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The cost object in a job order system is the Specific Job and the cost object in a process costing system is the Process.

With process costing, companies determine item cost by tracking the cost of each stage in the production process, instead of tracking costs for each individual item. After adding up the cost of all the steps in the process, they divide the total cost by the number of items. This is called the cost per unit.

For example, a paper company might track the cost of each stage in the process of turning wood pulp into reams of paper, then divide the total cost by the number of reams to get the cost per ream.

Job order costing accumulates all costs associated with one specific job, order, or project. It is most often used for customized jobs with easily traceable costs. The job, order, or project is the cost object in job order costing. Direct materials and direct labor are traced to the individual job and manufacturing overhead is allocated to the job based on a given cost driver activity used for the job multiplied by an overhead rate. The overhead rate is found at the beginning of the period using estimated overhead costs and estimated total cost driver activity.

For example, a company manufactures custom prefabricated stairs for builders. Since each house is slightly different, each house gets measured, and each staircase has slightly different widths, rises, and runs to fit the unique home.

Hence, Job order costing is a costing system in which each product or job has traceable costs. Process costing is a costing system in which a product is mass produced, so costs are determined by equivalent units produced.

Therefore , we can conclude that the correct option is specific job, process.

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There are two grounds for suspicion when credibility is the issue are claim itself and its source. A claim is when you assert your ownership of something, such as your medical records or the deed to your home. When you make a claim or assert something, you are demanding it or asserting that it is true.

On their tax returns, people claim dependents and deductions. In court, you could argue that you are owed money by an employer who cheated you. You could claim to be able to juggle chainsaws. You must demonstrate the veracity of any claim. When you assert your right to something, you are claiming it.

An insurance claim is a formal request to your insurance company for reimbursement for losses covered by your policy. Insurance is a contract between you and your insurer.

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An example of blockbusting is causing panic selling by telling people that value in a neighborhood will decline due to the purchase of homes by minorities.

blockbusting can be regarded as the act of profiteering through  inducing property owners to sell hastily  which do occur at a loss by appeals to fears of depressed values.

In this case, An example of blockbusting is causing panic selling by telling people that value in a neighborhood will decline due to the purchase of homes by minorities.

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The bureaucrates directly elected by the people in any case make them judiciary to take and implement several decisions.

They exist to perform various unctions of people matters and administration making the law more effective and efficient. They are heart and soul of the organisation contemplating and analyzing all the rules.

If it is directly elected with the public leaders as it is easier both or the government to make decisions and implement policies and procedures in easiest way.

Performing of the duties can be done through executive and legislature also but judiciary comes in order or legal rules and regulations through bureaucratic manner.

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This type of financing by the seller is called junior financing.

Having a lesser priority for repayment than senior debt, junior debt is a type of financing provided by the corporation. It is a category of corporate debt that, in the event of default, has a lower priority for repayment than senior debt. Junior debt may take the shape of bonds, debentures, or other debt securities.

They are extremely dangerous because they receive less preference for repayment. Junior debt carries higher interest rates compared to Senior debt (which receives first priority for repayment in the event of default). Here, the maxim High Risk/High Returns is also applicable. Mezzanine debt or Subordinated debt are the other names for junior debt.

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In applying the lower cost or market method to LIFO inventory costing market is defined as replacement cost.

The Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) approach is predicated on the idea that the most recent or most recent unit to enter inventory gets sold first.

For many businesses, LIFO is not feasible because they wouldn't keep their older inventory sitting around in stock.

Since LIFO values COGS (Cost of Goods SOld) using the most recent inventory received, the remaining inventory may be severely dated or out of date.

Because the valuation is substantially lower than the cost of inventory items today, LIFO does not provide an accurate or up-to-date value of inventory.

When valuing inventory, many businesses may claim that they employ the "lower of cost or market."

This implies that, in the event that inventory values fell, their valuations would instead reflect market value (or replacement cost) as opposed to LIFO, FIFO, or average cost.

Hence, In applying the lower of cost or market method to LIFO inventory costing market is defined as replacement cost.

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If output = 1,500 when planned aggregate expenditure = 1,200, the unplanned change in inventories will be positive and output will decrease to adjust to the disequilibrium. Planned expenditure is provided via the Aggregate Expenditure function (AE).

In a contemporary industrial economy, actual output and income could deviate from projections, either in terms of output or in terms of purchases and sales. Plans in some areas of the economy have not been achieved, and there is an incentive to adjust production, if planned expenditure (AE) and GDP are not the same. However, when planned expenditure and actual output are equal, the plans for both are successful.

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