Answer:
sexual reproduction
Explanation:
Sexual reproduction involves the formation of gametes and gametes are produced from the diploid germ cells by process of Meiosis . During Meiosis recombination of genetic material occurs which leads to variation.
Whereas asexual reproduction does not involve any such process.
Hope this helps!
In dna, phosphodiester bonds form with hydroxyl groups of carbons number ________ and ________ of each deoxyribose sugar.
In DNA phosphodiester bonds form with hydroxyl groups of carbons number 3' and 5' of each deoxyribose sugar.
A nucleotide is basically basic building block of the acids like the RNA and the DNA. A nucleotide basically consists of a sugar molecule which can be either ribose as in the case of RNA or deoxyribose as in the case of DNA, which is attached to the phosphate group as well as a nitrogen-containing base. The bases which make up a DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) as well as thymine (T).
In DNA, the phosphodiester bonds are there which link the nucleotides together and are basically formed with the hydroxyl groups of the carbon number 3' and 5' of each of the deoxyribose sugar.
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One end has a specific binding site for a particular amino acid and the other end has the sequence that can pair with a codon, called an anticodon.
tRNA molecules are adaptor molecules that have one end that can read the codon sequence of an mRNA molecule, while the other end has the binding site for a particular amino acid.
This codon-amino acid pairing is mediated by an anticodon, which is a sequence of three nucleotides located on the tRNA molecule that is complementary to the codon on the mRNA.
The anticodon of a given tRNA can bind to one or a few specific mRNA codons and is responsible for pairing the correct amino acid to the polypeptide chain that the ribosome is assembling.
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the movement of water across the plasma membrane can be described by all of the following except . question 9 options: a) simple diffusion b) facilitated diffusion through aquaporins c) passive membrane transport d) carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion
The movement of water across the plasma membrane can be described by all of the following except carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion (d)
Water is able to across the plasma membrane through some mechanisms. Water pass through membranes via two pathways: simple diffusion through the lipid bilayer, or water-selective facilitated diffusion. Both of them depict the passive transport. In other word, water crosses the membrane through passive transport only.
Since, the carrier-mediated transport can be active transport, this type of transport is excluded as the way for water crossing the membrane.
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describe how the muscle ca2 atpase pumps ca2 ions from the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Ca²⁺-ATPase use to pumps back the released Ca²⁺ into the SR to cause relaxation.
In general , the Ca²⁺ binds to the protein that use to participate in muscle contraction they also induce muscle contraction and gets reabsorbed inside the sarcoplasmic reticulum via Ca²⁺ATPase.
In muscle cells, the excitation and contraction cycle is regulated with an increase in the deliberation of free cytoplasmic Ca(2+). These Ca²⁺-ATPase when present in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) helps to pumps Ca²⁺ out of the cytosol inside the intracellular compartment, helps in promoting muscle relaxation.
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which structure is highlighted? a model of an ovary is shown. an cloud-like structure without the inner content is highlighted.which structure is highlighted? oocyte corpus albicans graafian follicle corpus luteum
The female reproductive structure highlighted in the given image: (4) corpus luteum.
Female reproductive system majorly comprises of a pair of ovaries, a uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix and vagina. The fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus while the cervix connects the uterus to the vagina.
Corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine organ present in the female body during their menstrual age. The gland is responsible for the synthesis of hormone progesterone and is very crucial after the ovulation, during the luteal phase. Corpus luteum is a yellow colored simple mass of cells like structure synthesized by the ovaries.
The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
Which structure of the female reproductive system is highlighted in the given image?
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if we ran single stranded dna fragments in a lane of our gel, would be able to see it with the help of uv light?
Answer: no
Explanation: DNA is to small
how does the differences in starting allelic frequencies between the two populations affect the changes in frequencies? explain your reasoning.
The differences in starting allelic frequencies between the two populations affect the changes in frequencies is gene flow will cause the dominant allele to affect frequency changes.
Allele frequency is the proportion of an allele present in a population. Changes in an allele can be caused by several things such as migration, mutation, non-random mating, or natural selection.
Migration can be due to the presence of genes in and out of the two populations which can cause gene flow to the two populations. Due to marriage or so on gene flow will change the allele and genotype frequencies of the original population. The dominant allele will curb the recessive allele so that what appears is a few differences and has a lot in common. Changes in allele and genotype frequencies of a population are an indication of microevolution.
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All of the following describe transport proteins EXCEPT
Group of answer choices
they are very specific in the type of molecule they transfer.
they are embedded in the cell membrane.
they allow large molecules to pass across the cell membrane.
they help small hydrophobic molecules to pass across the cell membrane.
there are hundreds of types in the human body.
The cell membrane contains transport proteins that enable the selective transit of particular molecules from the surrounding environment. Every transport protein is particular to a certain type of molecule.
Which three transporter proteins are there?Transport proteins that participate in assisted diffusion include channel proteins, gating carrier proteins, and carrier proteins. An example of a transport protein is a channel protein, which functions as a pore inside the membrane to allow water molecules or tiny ions to pass through fast.
What kinds of transporters are there?ABC transporters, P-type ATPases, and the solute carrier family are the three primary families of membrane transporters (SLC). Primary active transporters known as ABC transporters move a variety of substrates, primarily to the exterior of a cell membrane and organelle.
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new plant species are sometimes formed by the hybridization of existing species. a new species retains all of the genes of each parent. for example, the variety of wheat used to make bread is a hybrid of three grass species. explain how such hybridization affects the family tree of these plants
Hybridization is the scientific procedure in which breeding of two distinct organisms is done so as to produce genetically modified species.
When the plant species are grown, they develop adaptations and evolve as per the changing environment either by speciation or natural selection process. However in hybridization, the plant or animals species with best genetic structure are selected and then they are mated either by artificial insemination (in animals) or grafting (in plants).
Through this method, the required genes are kept intact and they can also be transferred to future species. This method is also adopted for preventing extinction of species by growing them in large numbers in laboratory conditions or by hydroponics.
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How many answer are there to a question in a dichotomous key flowchart?
Two answers are there to a question in a dichotomous key flowchart. Option A is correct.
Dichotomous keys are one sort of flowchart that aids in the identification of a conclusion by providing two viable responses. The shapes & lines flow in a series of yes/no questions until a conclusion is reached. A dichotomous key would be a useful scientific tool for identifying various organisms based on their visible characteristics.
Dichotomous keys are composed of a series of assertions, each with two alternatives, that direct users to the correct identification. The four most frequent forms of flowcharts are excellent for representing corporate, manufacturing, and administrative processes, as well as how an organization runs or even how different departments collaborate.
The complete question is
How many answers are there to a question in a dichotomous key flowchart?
Any number of answers are possible.
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) One
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On the basis of energy requirement, which does NOT belong to the group? a) The Na/k pump. b) Pure water rushing into celery stalks and bulking them up. c) GLUTS moving glucose molecules from the bloodstream into cells. d) Spraying lysol in one room and over time smelling it in a room where is wasn't sprayed.
Pure water running into celery stalks and bulking them up; spraying Lysol in one room and over time smelling it in a room where is not sprayed.
The correct option is B and D.
Where is the bloodstream located?It originates from the heart, moves through the ascending aorta of the chest, and then descends into stomach (descending aorta). The aorta, from which the coronary arteries originate, splits into smaller arteries (arterioles) as it moves out from the heart. Blood that has lost oxygen is returned to the heart through veins.
How does the bloodstream work?Blood arteries in the circulatory system move blood away to and towards the heart. Blood leaves the heart through arteries and returns through veins. Cells get oxygen, nutrition, and hormones through the circulatory system, which also eliminates wastes like carbon dioxide.
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Where does a competitive inhibitor bind to an enzyme?
The competitive inhibitor binds to the active site and inhibits substrate binding.
The noncompetitive inhibitor binds to a different site on the enzyme; it does not prevent substrate binding, but it causes other changes in the enzyme that prevent it from efficiently catalyzing the reaction. A competitive inhibitor is an inhibitor that competes with the substrate for binding to an active site. When the inhibitor binds to the active site, it forms an enzyme-inhibitor complex, preventing the enzyme from reacting .
An inhibitor molecule that is similar enough to a substrate to bind to the enzyme's active site and prevent it from binding to the substrate is used in competitive inhibition. To bind to the enzyme, it "competes" with the substrate. In non-competitive inhibition, inhibitor molecules bind to the allosteric site of an enzyme.
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What makes a tree parsimonious?
The parsimony principle, which is fundamental to all research, instructs us to select the most straightforward scientific explanation that explains the data.
Maximum parsimony is an optimality criteria in phylogenetics that determines which phylogenetic tree has the fewest character-state changes overall (or minimises the cost of differentially weighted character-state changes).
The ideal tree will reduce homoplasy in accordance with the maximum-parsimony criteria (i.e., convergent evolution, parallel evolution, and evolutionary reversals). In other words, the smallest tree that adequately describes the data is preferred under this criterion. James S. Farris and Walter M. Fitch both articulated some of the fundamental concepts of maximal parsimony in 1970 and 1971, respectively.
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What method would a scientist use to learn about the number of individuals of a strawberry plants
Answer:
mendelian law of segregation
6. Cause and Effect How do unequal heating
and the movement of air at the equator and at
the poles produce global wind patterns?
now crease
Answer:At the Equator, the sun warms the water and land more than it does the rest of the globe. Warm equatorial air rises higher into the atmosphere and migrates toward the poles. This is a low-pressure system. At the same time, cooler, denser air moves over Earth's surface toward the Equator to replace the heated air
Explanation:
Cell fractionation separates individual cellular organelles by which property?
Cells are divided into the component parts through cell fractionation. Centrifugation is typically used to separate the organelles.
What procedure is utilized to separate the organelles of cells?The separation of the cellular organelles from of the cell homogenate is suggested to be accomplished using differential centrifugation. The fundamental idea underlying this procedure is that the particles were allowed to settle in the suspension using centrifugal force.
What is the cell fractionation procedure?It is the development of a uniform cells mass . It entails grinding the cells in an appropriate medium with specific enzymes present and at the proper temperature, pH, and ionic composition. Pectinase, for instance, breaks down the central lamella in plant cells.
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A student wants to know if a Kangaroo rat (Diapodomys compactus) and a Kangaroo (Macropus osphranter) have the same genus. Based on the provided names, what can the student conclude about the organisms and relation to the genus?
this is science btw help!!
Since the genus is different for the two organisms (Diapodomys and Macropus), they are not in the same genus and are not closely related.
The learner can determine that the Kangaroo rat (Diapodomys compactus) and the Kangaroo (Macropus osphranter) do not belong to the same genus based on the stated scientific names.
The genus and the species make up the two sections of an organism's scientific name. The scientific name's first component, genus, is used to classify species that are closely related to one another. The second component of a scientific name, species, is used to identify an organism's distinctive traits. The genus and species names for the kangaroo rat (Diapodomys compactus) are Diapodomys and compactus, respectively. The genus and species names for the kangaroo (Macropus osphranter) are Macropus and osphranter, respectively.
The two creatures (Diapodomys and Macropus) are not in the same genus and are not closely related because of this.
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How can observing the natural world help us find solutions to human problems?
The action of observing the natural world helps us find solutions to human problems because it is the first step of the scientific method.
What is the observational procedure in the scientific method?The observational procedure in the scientific method is the first step that requires to raise questions that are answered by plausible explanations called hypotheses, a fundamental series of stages in order to obtain scientific knowledge.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that observational procedure in the scientific method is key in order to gain scientific knowledge through the application of the scientific method.
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Why must you follow directions when applying fertilizer?
Answer:
Fertilizer isn't a problem if it's used carefully. If you use too much fertilizer or apply it at the wrong time, it can easily wash off your lawn or garden into storm drains and then flow untreated into lakes or streams.
Explanation:
Small lipid soluble molecules would move through the plasma membrane by:_________
Small lipid soluble molecules would move through the plasma membrane by diffusion.
The construction of the lipid bilayer permits little, uncharged substances like oxygen and carbon dioxide, and hydrophobic particles like lipids, to go through the phone film, down their focus slope, by straightforward diffusion.Osmosis is a sort of basic dispersion where water atoms diffuse through a specifically penetrable layer from areas of high water fixation to areas of lower water concentration.
Water goes through the lipid bilayer by dissemination and without really trying, yet the vast majority of it travels through exceptional protein channels called aquaporins.Lipid solvent substances can enter a phone by dissolving in the lipid piece of the layer and diffusing through it. The more prominent the lipid dissolvability, the more promptly a particle will go through the layer.
Likewise in the event that its s tiny particle it can get straightforwardly through the phospholipid bilayer.The water streams down its own focus angle, with a net development toward the locale that has a higher convergence of solutes. This development of water across a semipermeable layer because of an unevenness of solute is called assimilation.
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which phrase best defines the term homologous structures? question 3 options: structures that have the same features structures that had a function in an ancestor but don't have that function today structures that are so similar that they imply a common ancestor structures that have the exact same features and functions
Homologous structure are the structures that are similar in different species of common ancestry and Homologous structures have the same structure, but may have a different function.
A not unusual place instance of homologous systems in evolutionary biology are the wings of bats and the fingers of primates. Although those systems do now no longer appearance comparable or have the equal function, genetically, they arrive from the equal shape of the final not common ancestor. Homologous systems are organs or skeletal factors of animals and organisms that, via way of means of distinctive feature in their similarity, advise their connection to a not unusual place ancestor. These systems do now no longer must appearance precisely the equal, or have the equal function.
Thus, the phrase that best describe the homologous structure is given above.
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Complete question:
Which statements describe homologous structures? Check all that apply. An example of a homologous structure is the wing of a bird and an insect. An example of a homologous structure is the forelimb of a whale, a human, and a dog. Homologous structures have the same function but a different structure. Homologous structures have the same structure, but may have a different function. Homologous structures indicate a common ancestor. Homologous structures do not indicate a common ancestor.
Dave Duerson, the football player discussed in the opening vignette as well as later
in the chapter, suffered from another type of brain injury, chronic traumatic
encephalopathy or CTE. While some recovery often occurs after a stroke, depending
on the extent of the damage, there is little hope of recovery with CTE. CTE tends to
result from repeated head
trauma.
Why is there such a poor prospect for recovery from CTE?
A.CTE tends to affect a very small area of the brain, but that area tends to be
totally destroyed.
B.The damage tends to be extensive and it often triggers a continuing disease
process in the brain.
C.The brains of adults in this age range are less plastic than the brains of older
people who are more likely to experience a stroke.
D.The particular part of the brain that tends to be affected is less likely to recover.
There is poor prospect for recovery from CTE is that the damage tends to be extensive and it often triggers a continuing disease process in the brain.
What is chronic traumatic encephalopathy?
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive degenerative brain disease that is caused by repeated head trauma. It is characterized by symptoms such as memory loss, confusion, impaired judgment, aggression, depression, and progressive dementia. CTE has been found in athletes and military veterans who have experienced repetitive head trauma over time.
CTE is caused when an individual experiences multiple head injuries and trauma, which can lead to the formation of protein deposits in the brain that cause and/or contribute to a range of neurological, physical, and psychological symptoms. The damage caused by CTE is often extensive and can trigger a continuing disease process in the brain that is difficult to reverse or recover from.
Therefore, the damage tends to be extensive and it often triggers a continuing disease process in the brain is the correct answer.
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Which of the following is NOT true regarding allergens?
Poultry food is not considered a major food allergen among the top eight
Which of the following is not an allergen?Food Allergen Labeling and user Protection Act of 2004 law identifies eight foods as major food allergens: milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybean. the convention passed the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA). This law recognized eight foods as major food allergens: milk, eggs, fish, Crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans.
More than 170 foods have been announced to cause allergic reactions, according to Food Allergy Research & Education. but the vast most are caused by the “Big Nine”: milk, eggs, nuts, fish, crustaceans, shellfish, wheat, soy, and sesame.
So we can conclude that The following foods are contemplated to have a low potential for causing allergies:
Meat: Lamb, chicken.
Vegetables: Rice, sweet potato, carrots, rhubarb, and asparagus.
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explain the advantage of ovovivipary over ovipary as a reproductive strategy
Answer:
ovoviviparous fish, the eggs are fertilized inside of the female. The eggs remain within the mother while they develop allowing for a greater degree of protection from predators and difficult environmental conditions than in oviparous fish.
Explanation:
Oviparity is a mode of reproduction in which animals lay eggs. Ovoviviparity is a mode in which animals lay eggs and keep them inside the mother's body until hatching. Viviparity is the mode of reproduction in which animals directly give birth to young ones
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what do you think about this value? do you produce this much urine in one day? what must be happening to some of the fluid that is being filtered by the glomerulus?
No, I do not think I produce this much urine in one day. The excess fluid that is being filtered by the glomerulus is likely being reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
What is bloodstream?The bloodstream is a major component of the circulatory system and is responsible for the transport of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and cells throughout the body. It is composed of a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries which work together to transport these substances to and from the cells and organs of the body. The bloodstream is a closed system, meaning that the blood circulates within the body and does not leave it. Blood is composed of a liquid called plasma, and within it are red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, all of which are vital to the functioning of the human body. Red blood cells, or erythrocytes, are responsible for transporting oxygen, while white blood cells, or leukocytes, play a role in defending the body against infection. Platelets are important for clotting and healing of wounds.
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the flavor of a food is due to: the activation of specialized receptors in the taste buds. the combination of aroma, taste, texture, and temperature. the proportion of sweet, sour, salty, and bitter tastes in a particular food. the relative responsiveness of different types of taste receptors.
The flavor of a food is due to the combination of aroma, taste, texture, and temperature, as well as the proportion of sweet, sour, salty, and bitter tastes in a particular food.
The relative responsiveness of different types of taste receptors also plays an important role in the flavor of a food, as different tastes will activate different receptors in the taste buds.
In addition to taste receptors, aroma also plays a role in the flavor of a food. Aromatic compounds are released when food is cooked or heated, and these compounds can contribute to the overall flavor of the food. For example, the smell of a roasted chicken can be a major component of its flavor. Similarly, the texture of a food can also play a role in its flavor. The crunchiness of a potato chip, for example, can be an important factor in its flavor.
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What made the discovery of penicillin significant?
The discovery of Penicillin is significant because Penicillin wаs the first effective аntibiotic thаt could be used to kill bаcteriа.
The discovery of penicillin wаs а mаjor medicаl breаkthrough. Penicillin wаs the first effective аntibiotic thаt could be used to kill bаcteriа. This meаnt thаt cures for serious illnesses were possible even if the pаtient hаd the diseаse. Penicillin hаd been discovered during the 19th century, but it wаs Аlexаnder Fleming who first reаlised its greаt importаnce in 1928. During World Wаr I, he noticed thаt аntiseptics seemed unаble to prevent infection, pаrticulаrly in deep wounds. He decided to try to find something thаt could kill the bаcteriа which cаused infections like septicаemiа.
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is it possible to predict the frequencies of subsequent generations when genetic drift occurs? explain your response.
Although the precise results of genetic drift are difficult to anticipate, we can understand how it may influence the frequency of alleles in a population and how this may effect evolution.
When genetic drift occurs, it is challenging to estimate the frequencies of succeeding generations. A population's gene frequency may change over time due to genetic drift, a random process. It is impossible to foresee the process' precise end because it is a random process.
But it is possible to see how, over time, genetic drift might impact the frequency of alleles (gene versions) in a population. Over several generations, genetic drift can have a considerable impact on the frequency of alleles in a population by randomly increasing or decreasing the frequency of an allele.
Furthermore, it's crucial to keep in mind that genetic drift can interact with other evolutionary forces like natural selection, migration, and mutation to further impact the frequency of alleles in a population.
Genetic drift can influence the frequency of alleles in a population and have an impact on evolution, even if it is difficult to forecast exactly how it will behave.
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What are the evolutionary origins of eukaryotes?
Answer:
Explanation:
The evolutionary origins of eukaryotes are still a subject of research and debate among scientists. However, there are several hypotheses about how eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotic cells.
One hypothesis is the endosymbiotic theory, which proposes that eukaryotic cells evolved from a symbiotic relationship between different types of prokaryotic cells. Specifically, the theory suggests that mitochondria evolved from free-living bacteria that were engulfed by larger cells and became dependent on their host cells for survival. Over time, the two cells evolved a mutually beneficial relationship, with the bacteria providing the host cell with energy in exchange for protection and nutrients. Similarly, chloroplasts in plant cells are thought to have evolved from photosynthetic bacteria that were engulfed by other cells.
Another hypothesis is the fusion theory, which suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved from the fusion of multiple prokaryotic cells. This theory proposes that a host cell engulfed several other cells and that, over time, the different cells fused their genetic material and metabolic pathways, leading to the evolution of a more complex eukaryotic cell.
There is also evidence to suggest that eukaryotic cells may have evolved through a combination of both endosymbiosis and fusion events, as well as other mechanisms. However, the exact process by which eukaryotic cells evolved is still not fully understood and remains an active area of research in evolutionary biology.
Regenerate response
the central rule of molecular biology states that dna is transcribed into rna, which is translated into protein
DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is then translated into protein, according to the fundamental principle of molecular biology.
What does DNA actually do?DNA is the molecule of information. These instructions are dispersed throughout 46 large structures called chromosomes found in each of your cells. These chromosomes are made up of numerous smaller genes, which are made up of DNA.
Where can one find DNA and what is it?The nucleus is a specific region of the cell where DNA is located in eukaryotic species. Because organisms have many DNA molecules per cell and because cells are so small, each DNA molecule needs to be well wrapped. This tightly packed DNA is known as chromosomes.
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