If you observe that Event A happens before Event B happens, and you conclude that Event A caused Event B, you would be guilty of an error called post hoc, ergo prompter hoc fallacy.
Give a brief account on post hoc, ergo prompter hoc fallacy.An informal fallacy known as post hoc ergo propter hoc holds that since event Y happened after event X, it must have been brought on by the former. Post hoc fallacy is a common abbreviation for it. It differs slightly from the error hoc ergo propter hoc, in which two events occur simultaneously or the temporal ordering is irrelevant or unknowable, in that it is a logical fallacy of the doubtful cause sort. A post hoc argument asserts that because an earlier event happened, a later occurrence must have been caused by it. Correlation can appear to imply causality. The mistake is in drawing a conclusion entirely based on the sequence of events, without than accounting for other factors that might be responsible for the outcome and rule out a connection. "The rooster crows just before daybreak; hence, the rooster causes the sun to rise," is a straightforward illustration.
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Because Carlos had always done well in school, he knew that his parents and teachers
Answer: Because Carlos had always done well in school he know that his parents and teachers expected him to get all A’s
Explanation: make sense
___ are the degree of reliability, completeness, and consistency varies from source to source and from report to report. a. Personal Biases
b. Organizational Biases
c. Culture Biases
d. Cognitive Biases
Cognitive biases is a systematic thought process caused by the tendency of the human brain to simplify information processing through a filter a filter of personal experience and preferences.
The concept of Cognitive bias was first introduced by Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman in 1972.Since then, researchers have described a number of different types of biases that effect decision-making in a wide range of areas including social behavior , behavioral economics, education, management, healthcare business, and finance. It might be easier to spot in others, but it is importent to know that it is something that also affects your thinking.
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which of the following would the respondents who constitute the majority in this survey least likely support?
Executive order would the respondents who constitute the majority in this survey least likely support.
What do executive orders entail?The President of the United States directs the activities of the Federal Government using "executive orders (EOs)," which are legal documents. The directions refer to the President's power granted by the Constitution and law (sometimes specified). The Executive Branch of the United States Government is instructed through executive orders, which are issued by the White House. Executive orders specify necessary conditions for the Executive Branch and have legal force.
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Which of the following factors is considered important for learning to occur through the associative process, according to classical conditioning?
The four stages of selective perception are selective exposure, selective attention, selective comprehension, and selective retention.
What are some examples of comprehension?
One comprehension technique that can be taught and applied in any reading situation is summarizing.
Sequencing.
Making judgments via inferring, contrasting, and comparing.
Self-questioning.
Problem-solving.
important historical background
What stage of communication is most important?
Comments - Since it allows the sender to gauge the effectiveness of the message, feedback is an essential component of the communication process. It helps the sender verify if the decoder correctly interpreted the message. Input might be communicated vocally or non verbally (in form of smiles, sighs, etc.).
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he foreign policy ideas in the excerpt are best explained by which of the following nineteenth-century developments?
B. An attempt to end Reconstruction policies
C. A reaction to expanding United States economic activity
Fοreign and military policies are covered in The American Century: A History οf the United States since the 1890s (2013). which of the subsequent is mοre fitting.
What dοes the conversation mean?Cοnversation is interactive cοmmunication between two or more people. The develοpment of conversational skills and etiquette is an important part of sοcialization. The development of conversational skills in a new language is a frequent fοcus of language teaching and learning.
Cοnversation analysis is a branch οf sociology which studies the structure and οrganization of human interaction, with a more specific focus οn conversational interaction.
Is it debated οr debated?Sometimes peοple use the phrase "talk about something." However, the majority of peοple, teachers, and test takers still believe this to be untrue. Instead, say "discuss" οr "have a debate about": I told my parents about my issue. My parents and I spοke about my situation.
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Jason is a sales rep with an computer company that sells customized laptops to the public. He is opening a ticket to help resolve a customer issue with a malfunctioning laptop, which was purchased by an important customer who is relying on the laptop to complete a critical project. Which of the following items in the ticket can Jason use to help the support team immediately determine the time sensitivity of resolving this issue?
Jason can include the following information in the ticket to help the support team immediately determine the time sensitivity of resolving the issue:
Customer's name: Jason can include the name of the important customer, so that the support team is aware of the urgency of the issue.
Description of the issue: Jason can provide a detailed description of the malfunctioning laptop and the issue that the customer is facing.
Customer's deadline: If the customer has a critical project that they need to complete and the laptop is critical to their success, Jason can include the customer's deadline in the ticket.
Customer's impact: Jason can explain the impact that the malfunctioning laptop is having on the customer's work and why it is important to resolve the issue as soon as possible.
Customer's urgency level: Jason can indicate the level of urgency that the customer has requested, such as "High priority" or "Urgent."
Including this information in the ticket will help the support team quickly understand the time sensitivity of the issue and prioritize their workload accordingly.
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which of the following descriptors retains a modern day relevance when identifying a mental disorder?a) crazyb) insanityc) hystericald) nervous breakdown
When describing a mental disorder, insanity descriptions are still relevant today.
A mental sickness is a pattern of behavior or thought that considerably hinders human functioning or results in extreme misery. It is also referred to as a mental illness or psychiatric condition.There have been many illnesses identified, and each one has a different set of signs and symptoms. Such problems can be identified by a mental health specialist, usually a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist. Many often, the underlying causes of mental diseases are not known. Theories can integrate data from a wide range of fields. Usually, a person's actions, feelings, perceptions, or ideas will reveal a mental condition. This may have an association with particular brain regions or functions, typically in a social setting.
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Hiromi continually tries to get his employees to willingly understand and manage the organization and its task environment. In doing so, Hiromi feels his employees will be able to make decisions that will continually _______.
Hiromi continually tries to get his employees to willingly understand and manage the organization and its task environment. In doing so, Hiromi feels his employees will be able to make decisions that will continually raise organizational effectiveness.
What does an organizational effectiveness means?Organizational effectiveness is a concept that organizations use to determine how effective they are at achieving their goals. Organizational effectiveness embodies the extent to which firms achieve the goals they have set for themselves, a question that is influenced by a variety of factors.
Talent management, leadership development, organizational design and structure, measurement and scorecard design, change and transformation implementation, deploying smart processes and smart technology to manage the firms' human capital, and the formulation of the broader Human Resources agenda are among them.
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If you want to change your GPA (independent variable), you must change certain dependent variables such as amount of time devoted to study, class attendance, reading your text, and listening while in class.a. Trueb. False
If you want to change your GPA (independent variable), you must change certain dependent variables such as amount of time devoted to study, class attendance, reading your text, and listening while in class. statement is false.
What does GPA mean?The grade point average (GPA) on a 4.0 scale is frequently reported by high schools. The highest grade is an A, which is equal to 4.0. By averaging the grades from all of your classes, you may get your overall GPA. Most colleges utilise this measure, and many high schools do as well. Divide the total grade points achieved by the total number of letter-graded units attempted to arrive at your GPA.
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Discuss the Historical relevance between the present day struggle by Native Hawaiians to regain the right to access water as a natural resource and the expansionism of the sugar industry and plantation system.
Include:
How is the struggle over water rights in Hawaii today tied to the plantation system and the expansionism in Hawaii during the late 19th thru early 20th century?
What is the "historical relevance?" (*Evaluating what was significant about the selected events and developments of the past to a contemporary issue.)
What role do the plantation era irrigation systems play in Hawaii's today and how are they compromising the cultural practices of Native Hawaiians?
What will all people living in Hawaii have to learn more about before being able to resolve or address future issue like the fight over water rights in the years ahead?
Answer:
The struggle over water rights in Hawaii today is directly tied to the plantation system and the expansionism that took place during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. During this time, large sugar plantations were established in Hawaii and the sugar industry became a dominant force in the economy. In order to support the sugar industry, large-scale irrigation systems were built to provide water to the sugar cane fields.
The historical relevance of the sugar industry and plantation system lies in the fact that the expansion of these industries resulted in the dispossession of Native Hawaiian land and resources, including access to water. The irrigation systems built for the sugar industry took over vast amounts of land and resources, including water, which was traditionally used by Native Hawaiians for agricultural and cultural practices.
Today, these irrigation systems continue to play a major role in Hawaii's water distribution system and are compromising the cultural practices of Native Hawaiians. Many Native Hawaiian communities are still fighting to regain access to water, which is critical for the preservation of their cultural practices, including traditional agriculture.
In order to resolve future issues like the fight over water rights in Hawaii, all people living in Hawaii will have to learn more about the historical context of the struggle and the impacts of the plantation system and expansionism on the land and resources of Native Hawaiians. This includes understanding the role that irrigation systems have played in the dispossession of Native Hawaiian resources and the ongoing efforts by Native Hawaiian communities to reclaim their rights to water and other resources. Additionally, all people living in Hawaii will have to engage in ongoing dialogue and collaboration to develop equitable and sustainable solutions for the future.
Businessmen who committed exploitative acts were labeled _____ by E. A. Ross in Sin and Society. a. criminaloids b. robber barons c. muckrakers d. white collar criminals
Businessmen committing exploitative acts were labeled "robber barons" by E. A. Ross in Sin and Society. So option b is correct.
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this word was used to designate a tiny number of affluent and powerful corporate executives who were seen to have obtained their money and influence by immoral and frequently unlawful ways. These company titans were accused of price fixing, monopolisation of markets, and exploitation of labour and other resources. Ross's use of the term "robber barons" was meant to convey the idea that these business leaders were not just successful entrepreneurs, but rather were individuals who used their wealth and power to oppress and exploit others for their own gain. The term remains in use today as a way to describe those who use their wealth and power for unethical purposes.
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Explain the key impact of multinational corporations on market economies.
A) Multinational corporations minimize costs by constructing production facilities in less developed economies where wages are lower.
B) Multinational corporations maximize profit by having all of their operations and production in well-developed economies through increased revenues.
C) Multinational corporations minimize costs by having production facilities and operations within a region of one nation, minimizing transportation costs among the facilities.
D) Multinational corporations maximize revenues by operating in less developed economies and producing goods and services in well-developed economies.
Multinational corporations can drop prices and boost consumers' purchasing power around the world by producing the same quality goods at lower costs. Indirect financial investments abroad and the expansion of local economies' employment sectors are further advantages.
How do multinational corporations affect the economy?MNCs increase the host nation's GDP through their capital investments and spending, such as with local suppliers. Domestic companies in the host country are encouraged to increase their competitiveness by boosting quality and/or efficiency in response to MNC competition.
How do multinational firms fit into the economic system?MNEs are thought to support growth and employment by bringing in new technology, generating new investments, and enabling host economies to integrate and upgrade in global value chains (GVCs).
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What does never assign to malice what can be attributed to incompetence mean?
This phrase means that when something goes wrong, it is more likely to be caused by incompetence or lack of skill than intentional malice or ill will. It is important to remember that mistakes can be made without malicious intent.
This phrase is a reminder that not all mistakes are made with malicious intent. It is important to recognize that sometimes things can go wrong due to simple mistakes or lack of skill, rather than intentional malice.
We should always consider that the cause of a problem may be due to incompetence rather than malice. It is also important to remember that criticism and blame should be appropriately distributed in such cases.
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At a large community college, full-time students enroll in a minimum of 12 credit hours and a maximum of 18 credit hours each semester. Students must petition for approval to enroll in more than 18 credit hours. The histogram shows the distribution of credit hours for 31 randomly selected full-time students.
Which is the most appropriate description of how to determine a typical number of credit hours for full-time students?
1. The median is halfway between the smallest and the largest number of credit hours, so the median is 17. Since the bulk of the data is to the left of the median, the mean is pulled left. The mean is about 16. X
2. Students must petition for approval to enroll in more than 18 hours, so any values above 18 are outliers and should be disregarded. This makes the data approximately symmetrical with a central peak. Therefore the mean and the median are both about 15, and both are appropriate representations of the typical number of credit hours.
3. The median is 15. The distribution is skewed right, so the mean will be greater than the median. For this reason, the median is a better representation of the typical number of credit hours.
31 credit hours of data are available because there are 31 students. 15 data points will be below the median and 15 will be above it (31/2 = 15.5).
The 15th and 16th pupils are in the 5th bin, and there are 10 students total in the first three bins. The median amount of credit hours is 15, so the fifth bin equals 15 credit hours.
Because the data are right-handedly skewed, the mean will be shifted to the right. Thus, the median is the most accurate way to depict the normal number of credits.
When values are organized in ascending or descending order, the median is the value that falls in the middle of the distribution. The distribution is split in half by the median (there are 50% of observations on either side of the median value).
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this theory suggests that hypnosis is a product of social pressure for people to act like they think someone hypnotized would act because they are being watching by others. it is called by ____
According to the social influence theory, people are hypnotised as a result of peer pressure to behave in a way they would expect someone under hypnosis to act.
Who made the notion of social influence?In a model of social influence that was put forth fifty years ago by Herbert Kelman, it was demonstrated how a person's orientation towards a social system might be used to forecast the circumstances in which they would comply with the demands of the influencing agent.
What three factors influence social behaviour?Conformity, compliance, and obedience are three social influencers. Conformity is altering your behaviour to match that of others. This appeals to our wants for esteem and belonging as we seek for others' acceptance and friendship.
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An organization is concerned about intellectual property theft by employees who leave the organization. Which of the following should the organization most likely implement?
Answer:
The organization should most likely implement a comprehensive non-disclosure agreement (NDA) for all employees, including provisions for the protection of confidential information and restrictions on the use and dissemination of such information after the employee leaves the organization. Additionally, the organization may consider implementing technical measures, such as encryption and secure file sharing, to protect sensitive information stored on company systems. Regular employee training on the importance of protecting intellectual property and the consequences of theft may also help to prevent such incidents.
An organization can combat intellectual property theft by implementing strong policies, having employees sign non-disclosure agreements ( NDA) , enforcing secure information management practices, and providing continuous training and awareness programs.
Explanation:To prevent intellectual property s theft by departing employees, an organization can implement a variety of strategies. First, it should have strong policies in place that clearly define what information is considered proprietary and the consequences of misappropriation. Second, it could use non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) signed by employees, ensuring they understand the seriousness of sharing confidential information. They should also ensure secure information management practices, including controlling access to sensitive data, monitoring data use, and employing exit protocols when employees leave. Lastly, the organization can provide continuous training and awareness programs to reinforce the importance of respecting intellectual property.
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Complete question as follows:
An organization is concerned about intellectual property theft by employees who leave the organization. Which of the following will the organization MOST likely implement?
A. CBT
B. NDA
C. MOU
D. AUP
In the United States, the degree to which people have the power to choose, emphasize, or alter their multiple ethnic identities depends mostly upon ______.
In the United States, the degree to which people have the power to choose, emphasize, or alter their multiple ethnic identities depends mostly upon the social and cultural context in which they live.
This context includes factors such as race, class, gender, religion, and the political climate of the time. Individuals may feel more empowered to express their ethnic identities in environments that are diverse and accepting of multiple cultures, while they may feel constrained in environments that are homogeneous and culturally homogenizing. Additionally, individual experiences and personal circumstances, such as immigration or intermarriage, can also play a role in shaping an individual's ability to express their ethnic identities. Ultimately, the degree of power and control an individual has over their ethnic identities is a complex and dynamic interplay of social and cultural context, personal experience, and individual choice.
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Which of the following is one reason individual accountabilities are defined for team members?a. To ensure participation with people related to the projectb. To allocate people resourcesc. To provide task descriptions for work to be completedd. To create a safe environment for team members to communicate
One reason individual accountabilities are defined for team members is to provide task descriptions for work to be completed. (Option C)
Accountability in the workplace implies that all employees are responsible for their behaviors, actions, decisions, and performance. It is associated with an increase in commitment to work and employee morale, which leads to higher performance. Employee accountability refers to holding all levels of employees responsible for accomplishing business goals.
Individual accountability motivates every member to engage actively in the tasks, thus preventing “social loafing,”. Furthermore, individual accountability being defined for team members also helps provide task descriptions for work to be completed as each individual ensures that they know the work they need to complete and are responsible for.
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Discuss which age group your character most appeals to and why. hint: think erikson and/or piaget's developmental tasks based on Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development.
My character most appeals to late adolescents and young adults (18–35 years old), as they are in the process of establishing their identity, forming intimate relationships, and exploring their personal beliefs and values.
This age group is in the stage of identity vs. role confusion, as defined by Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development. They are searching for a sense of self and trying to understand who they are, which makes them more receptive to stories that challenge or reinforce their beliefs and values.
They are often exploring intimate relationships and trying to establish a sense of belonging, so stories that involve romantic relationships and personal growth can be particularly appealing to this age group. They are also at a point where they are still forming their beliefs and values, so they may be more open to new ideas and perspectives, which can make them more interested in stories that challenge the status quo.
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How did the Democracy set up by the agent Athens limit people's rights
Answer:
Explanation:In ancient Athens, the democracy established was a direct democracy, meaning that citizens had the direct opportunity to participate in the decision-making process. However, this system had limitations, particularly with regards to who was considered a citizen. Only free-born adult males who owned property were considered citizens and had the right to participate in the political process. Women, slaves, and foreigners were excluded from citizenship and had limited political rights.
This meant that a large portion of the population was excluded from the democratic process, and their rights and interests were not represented. Additionally, the Athenian democracy was prone to mob rule and political extremism, as decisions were made by a majority vote rather than by a representative body, leading to a lack of stability and consistency in government policies.
Therefore, while the Athenian democracy was considered groundbreaking and influential in its time, it was limited in its scope and did not fully extend political rights and representation to all members of society.
____ teaches individuals how to anticipate and cope with inevitable setbacks they will encounter backon the job.a.transfer of trainingb.relapse ...
Resiliency training teaches individuals how to anticipate and cope with inevitable setbacks they will encounter back on the job.
Resiliency training is an important tool for individuals in the workplace. It helps prepare them to cope with setbacks they may face, while also building their confidence and resilience skills.
Through resiliency training, individuals learn how to anticipate difficult situations and develop strategies to manage them. They also learn how to recognize the triggers that can lead to setbacks and how to take steps to avoid them.
This type of training is essential for anyone looking to develop their ability to overcome and succeed in challenging work environments.
Here's the full task:
____ teaches individuals how to anticipate and cope with inevitable setbacks they will encounter back on the job.
Choose the right answer:
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In the context of the 10 qualities that mark a leader and help influence the leadership process, identify the first requirement for a leader. A) An innate and learned competency B) A strong sense of purpose C) Concern for others D) Strength and stamina to fulfill the tasks of leadership
A strong sense of purpose is the first requirement from the 10 qualities of a leader that mark a leader and help influence the leadership process.
The correct option is B.
Sense of purpose includes the capacity to understand the big picture of where the organization or team they are working within is headed, what it is capable of, and what it will take to get there.
A declaration of your leadership purpose describes who you are as a person and how you use those special attributes into your leadership so you can succeed as a leader.
A leader's values and the things in life that are most important to her/him are at the forefront of their leadership mission. It's often referred to as a "why" statement, which is the cause, reason, or ideals that drives one to do the best work every day.
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A person's own belief system that tells him or her what to do if or when the laws and/or any pertinent codes of values are silent is termed _____.A. reputationB. associationC. business ethicD. personal ethic
A person's own belief system that tells him or her what to do if or when the laws and/or any relevant code of values are silent is called D. personal ethics.
What are personal ethics?It is the way of acting of any person before society, it should be emphasized that personal ethics is acquired by any individual in a specific moment of life.
Personal ethics is considered an attitude that a person develops and uses with his family, at work or in society. The latter is related to living in harmony with other people.
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Which of the following best explains why Texans have a consistently more positive view of the state government than of the national government?a.) National leaders are often more responsive to local issues, but voters are unaware of what policies are being put in place by the national government.b.) Individuals tend to feel that the actions of state governments better reflect the will of the people than the actions of the national government do.c.) Voters see the national government as dishonest and subject to gridlock.d.) Texas leaders are more in tune with how the voters feel nationwide about the kinds of policies government should be pursuing.
Texans have more positive view of the state government because Individuals tend to feel that the actions of state governments better reflect the will of the people than the actions of the national government do.
The Texas government is governed by the Texas Constitution and is made up of a unitary democratic state government that uses the Dillon Rule and a presidential system, as well as governments at the county and municipal levels. Texas's capital is Austin. The State Capitol is similar to the US Capitol in Washington, DC, however it has Texas pink granite as its exterior and a statue of Lady Liberty perched atop it with a five-point Texas star. The capitol is famous for being purposefully seven feet taller than the national capitol of the United States.
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Which of the following statements highlights the best use of a proposal as a method of communication?a.) It is an effective tool used to communicate small amounts of information swiftly throughout an organization.b.) It is an effective tool used to motivate its readers to pursue their dreams and ambitions.c.) It is an effective tool used to express narratives or opinions in a manner that entertains and engages its readers.d.) It is an effective tool used to persuade people to adopt the suggested solutions to overcome existing problems.
It is an effective tool used to persuade people to adopt the suggested solutions to overcome existing problems the best use of a proposal as a method of communication.
Option d is correct.
Why is it important to communicate?By enabling us to connect with people and share our needs and experiences, communication supports relationship building in daily life. The ability to communicate our thoughts, share information, and express our emotions is at the core of existence. We must all communicate.
Effective communication is what?Clear, accurate, thorough, succinct, and empathetic communication is essential for effective communication. Although they may differ depending on who you ask, we think of these as the "5 C's of communication."
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Select the correct statement regarding activity-based costing (ABC). A. ABC does not use cost drivers. B. ABC uses a single activity center but multiple cost drivers. C. ABC uses multiple activity cost centers and multiple cost drivers. D. ABC uses multiple activity cost centers but a single cost driver.
C) C is the right choice in the activity-based costing system because the cost driver has a cause-and-effect relationship with the company's expenses.
What is an ABC system for activity-based costing?Product and service overhead and indirect costs, such as salaries and utility bills, can be assigned using activity-based costing (ABC). The ABC method of cost accounting is based on activities, which are anything that has a specific goal and can be thought of as an event, unit of work, or task.
A costing strategy known as activity-based costing (ABC) assigns overhead and indirect costs to products and services that are related.
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Flooding attacks take a variety of forms based on which network protocol is being used to implement the attack.
t
The given statement "Flooding attacks take a variety of forms based on which network protocol is being used to implement the attack." is true because flooding attacks are a type of Denial of Service (DoS) attack that overwhelms a network with requests, making it unable to process legitimate traffic.
Different network protocols can be used to implement this attack, such as TCP, UDP, ICMP, and others. The type of attack and the protocol used to implement the attack will determine the form of the attack.
For example, a UDP flooding attack sends large amounts of UDP packets to random ports, while a TCP flooding attack uses a combination of SYN and ACK flags to overwhelm the target.
Additionally, ICMP flooding involves sending large amounts of ICMP echo requests to the target. Each of these protocols has a different way of conducting the attack, which is why flooding attacks come in many forms.
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Flooding attacks take a variety of forms based on which network protocol is being used to implement the attack.
T/F
True or False: Active resistance should be the immediate response to an active shooter incident. (Antiterrorism Scenario Training, Page 4)TrueFalse
The statement that active resistance should be the immediate response to an active shooter incident is false.
In active resistance, the person may use force or verbal actions to change the situation which can even result in harmful and dangerous conditions because in cases of terrorism (or shooting incident), the wrong doer may get instigated to do greater wrong without any haste. It may pose threat to the combating officers and normal residents/ public as well. In such cases, actions with peace making and calming approach need to be taken so as to handle the issues with logical backing. Active resistance can be beneficial only if the attacker and the person going for resistance action are in close proximity with each other.
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according to the contingencies of the self-worth account of self-esteem (crocker and wolfe, 2001), a person's self-evaluations group of answer choices O are stable across situations and time. O depend on success and failure in important life domains. O are learned through principles of classical conditioning. O are a direct result of parenting styles.
According to the contingencies of the self-worth account of self-esteem (crocker and Wolfe, 2001), a person's self-evaluations b) depend on success and failure in important life domains.
The self-worth account of self-esteem proposed by Crocker and Wolfe (2001) suggests that a person's self-evaluations are determined by their success or failure in important life domains.
In other words, a person's self-esteem is determined by how they think they perform in these domains, such as academic, social, and professional. If they think they are doing well, they will have higher self-esteem.
Conversely, if they think they are doing poorly, they will have lower self-esteem. This suggests that self-evaluations are not stable across situations and time, as they can change depending on how a person views their performance in important life domains.
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What are the stages of Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation?
- Equity to justice
- Performance to outcomes
- Hygiene factors to motivating factors
- Effort to performance
The choice of how much effort to put out in a particular task scenario, in Vroom's opinion, is the essence of motivation. A two-stage expectation sequence (effort —> performance and performance —> outcome) underlies this decision.
Why did Victor Vroom develop his expectation theory of motivation?According to Vroom's expectation theory of motivation, conduct arises from conscious decisions made between alternatives with the goals of maximising pleasure and minimising pain. Vroom came to the realisation that a worker's performance is based on their unique personality, skills, knowledge, experience, and abilities.
What constitutes the core components of the motivational expectancy theory?Expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are the three elements that make up expectancy theory. The belief of a person that their efforts will result in their desired performance goals is known as expectation.
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