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There are both similarities and differences between thermionic emission and liquid evaporation elaborated below.

Vapourization is the process by which the liquid state transforms into the vapour state, and thermonic emission is the thermally induced inflow of charge carriers.

The thermally convinced ingress of charge carriers from a face or over an implicit-energy barrier is known as thermionic emission. This happens because, as we are aware, the thermal energy applied to the carrier overrides the material's ability to perform its intended function.

The process through which a liquid transforms into a gas is known as vaporisation. The molecules' kinetic energy increases along with the temperature. The force of attraction between the molecules weakens as a result of this increase in kinetic energy, allowing them to escape into the environment as vapours.

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The correct option is D. Solid phase of matter is made up of particles that are packed closely together, with both a definite shape and a definite volume.

In physics, a Solid is a state of matter characterized by its ability to maintain a fixed shape and volume when subjected to external forces. The particles in a solid are tightly packed together and have a fixed position relative to each other, giving the solid its rigidity.

Solids have a definite shape because their particles cannot move past one another, and they have a definite volume because the particles are tightly packed together. The properties of solids, such as density, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity, depending on the arrangement of their particles and the forces between them.

Solids can exist in different crystal structures, depending on the arrangement of their atoms or molecules. Examples of solids include metals, minerals, and rocks, as well as everyday objects such as tables, chairs, and buildings. Solids are important in many areas of physics, including materials science, condensed matter physics, and solid-state electronics.

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The efficiency of a petrol car engine is 40%. The speed of the car is 9.0 m s−1 when the power developed by the engine is 20 kW. the car can go with one liter of petrol when driven at this speed is  9.0 m/s.

The amount of energy in one liter of petrol is 45 MJ. The efficiency of the engine is 40%. Therefore, the amount of energy converted to useful work is 18 MJ.   The power developed by the engine is 20 kW. Therefore, the time taken for the car to travel one kilometer is Time = (1 km)/(9.0 m/s) = 111.11 s  .

The amount of energy used to travel one kilometer is   Energy = (20 kW)(111.11 s) = 2222.2 kJ   Therefore, the amount of energy available from one liter of petrol is   Energy = (45 MJ)(1000 kJ/MJ) = 45000 kJ   The car can travel  Distance = (45000 kJ)/(2222.2 kJ/km) = 20.22 km with one liter of petrol when driven at a speed of 9.0 m/s.

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The volume of the aluminum ball is 297 cm³.

The volume of an object changes with temperature, according to the law of linear thermal expansion.

The volume of the aluminum ball is calculated as follows;

V = V₀ ( 1 + 3αΔθ )

where;

V = 300 cm³ ( 1 +   3 x 23 x 10⁻⁶ x  (-150 ) )

V = 297 cm³

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Answer:

Dear driver,

I hope this message finds you well. I am writing to you today because I noticed that you have parked your car in the open on this hot day. I understand that you are planning to go for lunch in the town, but I would like to respectfully offer you some advice.

I strongly recommend that you park your car under the shade of a tree. There are several reasons for this that I would like to share with you. Firstly, parking your car in direct sunlight can cause the interior to become extremely hot and uncomfortable, which can make it difficult to get back into your vehicle after lunch. This can also cause the steering wheel and other interior surfaces to become too hot to touch, which can be dangerous.

Furthermore, parking your car in direct sunlight can also have a negative impact on the health of your car. The intense heat can cause the dashboard, upholstery, and other materials to fade and deteriorate over time. It can also increase the risk of interior damage from sun exposure and make the car look older than it actually is.

Finally, parking under the shade of a tree will help to keep your car cooler, which can make it more comfortable for you to get back into and drive when you are ready to leave. This can also help to extend the life of your car and maintain its appearance.

I hope that these reasons have convinced you to park your car under the shade of a tree during your time in the town. If you have any further questions or concerns, please don't hesitate to reach out to me.

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Explanation:

The directional speed of an item in motion, as measured by a specific unit of time and observed from a certain point of reference, is what is referred to as velocity.

How to define velocity?

It will take the trout 2.8 minutes to reach the boat.

Use the following formula to solve for the time it takes the trout to reach the boat:

time = distance/velocity

distance = 9,800 centimeters (the starting distance between the trout and the boat)

velocity = 3,500 centimeters per minute (the velocity of the trout swimming toward the boat)

put in the values:

time = 9,800 / 3,500

time = 2.8 minutes

So, it will take the trout 2.8 minutes to reach the boat.

The directional speed of an item in motion, as measured by a specific unit of time and observed from a certain point of reference, is what is referred to as velocity. Velocity is the pace and direction of an object's movement, whereas speed is the time rate at which an object is traveling along a path. In other words, velocity is a vector, whereas speed is a scalar value. Since it is a vector quantity, the definition of velocity requires both magnitude (speed) and direction.

We can say that forces produce changes in velocity because they alter an object's speed or direction. Keep in mind that acceleration is a modification of velocity.

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The constant force required to cause the 0.5-kg slider to have a speed at position 2 is proportional to the square root of the product of the modulus of the spring and the mass of the slider, and is directly proportional to the speed of the slider at position 2.

The kinetic energy of the slider at position 2 can be expressed as:

[tex]Ek = 0.5 * m * v^2[/tex]

where m is the mass of the slider and v is its speed at position 2.

[tex]0.5 * k * x^2 = 0.5 * m * v^2[/tex]

[tex]k * x^2 = m * v^2[/tex]

[tex]x = sqrt(m * v^2 / k)[/tex]

The force required to compress the spring by a distance x is equal to:

[tex]F = k * x[/tex]

Substituting the value of x, we get:

[tex]F = k * sqrt(m * v^2 / k)[/tex]

Simplifying this expression, we get:

[tex]F = sqrt(k * m) * v[/tex]

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Radio telescopes must be larger than optical telescopes because of the longer wavelengths of radio waves, which result in a lower diffraction limit.

The diffraction limit of a telescope is determined by its aperture size, or the diameter of its collecting area. For the Hubble Space Telescope, the diffraction limit for visible light is approximately 0.05 arcseconds. This means that the telescope can resolve structures or details that are separated by at least 0.05 arcseconds of an angle.

On the other hand, radio telescopes are much larger than optical telescopes because radio waves have longer wavelengths than visible light. The diffraction limit of a radio telescope is proportional to the wavelength of the radiation it observes. Because radio wavelengths are much longer than those of visible light, radio telescopes must be much larger in order to achieve the same level of resolution as optical telescopes.

In addition, radio telescopes can detect emissions from much larger structures in space, such as galaxies and clusters of galaxies. These emissions are typically very weak and difficult to detect, so radio telescopes must have a large collecting area in order to detect them.

To sum up, radio telescopes must be larger than optical telescopes because of the longer wavelengths of radio waves, which result in a lower diffraction limit, and the need to detect weak radio emissions from large structures in space.

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Answer:

16.37 kg.

Explanation:

The formula for kinetic energy is:

KE = (1/2) * m * v^2

where KE is kinetic energy, m is mass, and v is velocity.

We are given KE = 4.33 × 10³ J and v = 23 m/s.

Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

4.33 × 10³ J = (1/2) * m * (23 m/s)^2

Simplifying and solving for m, we get:

m = 4.33 × 10³ J / [(1/2) * (23 m/s)^2]

m = 4.33 × 10³ J / (0.5 * 529 m^2/s^2)

m = 4.33 × 10³ J / 264.5 J/(kg·m^2/s^2)

m = 16.37 kg

Therefore, the mass of the car is approximately 16.37 kg.

Answer:

Explanation:

The kinetic energy of an object is equivalent to 1/2 times its mass times the square of its velocity. K.E. = 1/2(m)(v^2), m is in kg, and v is in m/s.

4,330J = (1/2)(m)(529)

m = 8,660/529 = 16.37kg

We find this to be a very small mass; but then there is no description of the car proper.

The two objects are approximately 22,201.86 meters apart.

The formula we use to determine the gravitational force between objects is;

where;

Rearrange this formula to solve for the distance between the objects, we get;

The two objects are roughly 22,201.86 meters apart, according to the calculation.

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Increases it because it pushes it farther away, yet the absolute magnitude stays the same. It causes it to grow since it is being moved further away, but the magnitude in absolute terms remains constant.

In terms of physics, magnitude is just “distance or quantity.” It displays an object's size, direction, or motion in absolute or relative terms.

In physics, the term “magnitude of force” refers to the sum of all applied forces. If the star is more than 10 parsecs away, the apparent magnitude will be higher (dimmer) than the absolute magnitude, and m – M will have a positive value.

When all forces are pulling in the same direction, the force becomes stronger. If an object is subjected to a variety of forces acting in different directions.

Therefore, used to indicate the size or scope of something. In physics, the term “magnitude” often refers to a size or amount.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The collision between the 93kg fullback and the 127kg defensive tackle is an example of an inelastic collision. In an inelastic collision, the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved as some of the energy is transformed into other forms such as heat or sound. The resulting final speed of both players would be 0m/s, indicating that they have come to a stop after the collision.

Answer:

A simple cell can be made by connecting two different metals in contact with an electrolyte

The maximum angle at which the cup can be tilted without falling over is when the gravitational torque is equal and opposite to the torque produced by the weight of the cup acting on the point of contact with the table.

The maximum angle at which a cup can be tilted before it falls over depends on the ratio of the radius of the base of the cup to its height. If the cup is a uniform circular cylinder, then its center of mass is located at a distance of half the height of the cup from the origin. When the cup is tilted, the gravitational force acting on the cup produces a torque that tends to rotate the cup around the point where it touches the table.

By setting these two torques equal to each other and solving for the maximum angle, we can determine how far the cup can be tilted before it falls over.

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The ratio of car speeds at the bottom of the slope would be 2:1 for release heights of 15 cm and 60 cm, respectively. Thus, option D is correct.

The variable for velocity is also bold because it is a vector, as opposed to the variable for speed, which is italics since it is a scalar quantity.

Gravity continuously accelerates an object (increases its velocity) during free fall until it reaches terminal velocity. In particular, for every second that passes, gravity accelerates a falling item by 9.8 meters per second (m/s).

The rate at which the location of an object shifts in any direction. Speed is measured as the ratio of the distance travelled to the time it took to cover that distance.

Therefore, Similar to speed, velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), but because it is a vector, you must also take direction into account.

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Answer:

An Alphabet with an arrow on top

Explanation:

Vectors are denoted by alphabets in boldface or alphabets with arrows above them

An object in SHM oscillates with a period of 4.0 s and an amplitude of 10 cm. The object takes to move is 0.409s.

The time it takes for an object in simple harmonic motion (SHM) to move a certain distance can be calculated using the formula:

x = A sin ωt

where,

t is the time to move a distance x, time period T = 4 s

A is the amplitude of the oscillation

ω is Angular frequency = 2π/T= 1.57 rad/s

Then,

x = A sin ωt

6 = 10 sin(1.57t)

sin(1.57t) = 0.6

1.57 t = 0.6435

t= 0.409s.

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There would be an increase in the maximum order.

If you change the source wavelength to a longer wavelength, for example, from 500 nm to 600 nm, the distance between the zero order maximum and the third order maximum would increase.

The distance between the diffraction peaks in a diffraction grating is proportional to the wavelength of the light. As the wavelength increases, the distance between the diffraction peaks also increases. The diffraction peaks are also proportional to the order of the diffraction. Therefore, as the wavelength increases, the distance between the zero order maximum and the third order maximum also increases.

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Answer:

A. Applied force

B. Normal force

C. Frictional force

D. Gravitational force

Explanation of the forces with examples shown in the diagram:

A. Applied force:- A pushing or pulling force used to move an object. A person or any other object in this situation applies a force to an object. A chair being moved to the opposite side of the room, as an example.

B. Normal force:- This force is applied to a moving object when it comes into contact with a steady object. A normal force is typically applied horizontally between two objects that are in touch. An illustration would be a book on a table or a person leaning against a wall.

C. Frictional force:- Friction is created as an object moves across a surface. Slider or static forces can cause friction. The characteristics of the two interacting surfaces determine friction. A ball rolling on the floor is one example, as is a book sliding over the table.

D. Gravitational force:- This is the force that causes the Earth, the moon, and other extraordinarily large objects to pull other objects toward them. Every object on Earth is subject to gravity, which pulls objects downward and toward the planet's centre.

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Answer:

[tex]1.0 \times 10 {}^{16} per \: second[/tex]

or simply

Explanation:

Greetings !!

speed of light= 3×10⁸

wavelength= 3×10-⁸

frequency= ?

Firstly, recall the velocity-wavelenght equation

Substitute known variables into the equation

Solve for frequency

If you have any questions or unclear ideas tag on comment box

Hope it helps!!!

The statement given is true. The angular resolution of a telescope is never less than its diffraction limit.

The larger telescope will always have the higher spectral resolution than the smaller telescope while observing at the same wavelength. The angular resolution of a telescope is at no time smaller than its diffraction limit.

Generally, many telescopes are devices that gather all the light within some aperture of diameter d and bring it to a focus. The limit to the angular resolution of a telescope is settled by diffraction. The angular resolving power or the resolution of a telescope is the smallest angle among the close objects which can be seen clearly to be separate.

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Answer:

1.02 m

Explanation:

We are here given that ,

We need to find out the compression in the spring. As we know that,

[tex]\longrightarrow E = \dfrac{1}{2}kx^2 \\[/tex]

where [tex]x[/tex] is the compression in the spring. So that,

[tex]\longrightarrow 30,000 J = \dfrac{1}{2}\times 50,000 \times x^2 \\[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow x^2=\dfrac{60,000}{50,000} \\[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow x^2=\dfrac{6}{5}= 1.2m^2\\[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow x=\sqrt{1.2} m \\[/tex]

[tex]\longrightarrow \underline{\underline{ x \approx 1.02 \ m }} \\[/tex]

and we are done!

The diffraction limit of the 130-meter radio telescope observing radio waves with a wavelength of 21 centimeters is 0.0022 meters.

The diffraction limit of a radio telescope is defined as the minimum size of the telescope's aperture that is necessary to produce a diffraction-limited image of an incoming wave. It is given by the formula:

d = 1.22 * λ / D

where d is the diffraction limit, λ is the wavelength of the incoming wave, and D is the diameter of the telescope's aperture.

In this case, the wavelength of the incoming wave is 21 centimeters, or 0.21 meters, and the diameter of the telescope's aperture is 130 meters. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

d = 1.22 * 0.21 / 130 = 0.0022 m

So, the diffraction limit of the 130-meter radio telescope observing radio waves with a wavelength of 21 centimeters is 0.0022 meters.

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Answer:

100g

Explanation:

Use the formula,

momentum = mass* velocity

Now substitute the respective values,

10,000g - cm/s = m * 100 cm/s

m = 10⁴ g-cm/s / 100 cm/s

m = 100g

And we are done!

The kinetic energy at the lowest point is 52 J

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It is equal to the work done on an object to increase its speed.. It is related to the concept of work, as the amount of work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is an important concept in many areas of physics.

From the law of the conservation of energy we know that tghe kinetic energy is;

62 J - 10 J

= 52 J

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At absolute zero temperature, the pressure of a fluid will approach zero.

What is absolute zero?

Absolute zero is the lowest temperature that can be reached in the universe and is defined as 0 Kelvin (K) on the Kelvin scale. It is equivalent to -273.15°C on the Celsius scale and -459.67°F on the Fahrenheit scale.

At absolute zero temperature (0 Kelvin), an object has zero thermal energy. This is because the definition of absolute zero temperature is the point at which an object has the minimum possible amount of thermal energy. At this temperature, all matter is in its lowest energy state and all random thermal motion has stopped.

Regarding the pressure of a fluid at absolute zero temperature, it is important to note that absolute zero temperature does not necessarily mean that the fluid is at a pressure of zero. The pressure of a fluid is determined by its temperature and its volume, not by its absolute temperature alone. The pressure of a fluid in a container is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules in the fluid and their number density.

So, At absolute zero temperature, the pressure of a fluid will approach zero, but it will not be exactly zero because even at this temperature, the fluid molecules still have a non-zero kinetic energy due to their quantum mechanical motion.

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Both are dangerous on their own, but as they float through the air in Southern California's sunny climate, the sun bakes them into a new molecule called ozone, better known as smog.

Smog development and infiltration over Los Angeles. haze and air pollution in the entire community.

Burning sulfur-containing fossil fuels, particularly coal, causes sulfurous smog, also referred to as "London smog," which is characterized by a high concentration of sulfur oxides in the atmosphere.

The two primary substances in automotive exhaust are nitrogen oxides, which are created in scorching internal combustion engines, and hydrocarbons, which are derived from gasoline.

Therefore, Both are dangerous on their own, but as they float through the air in Southern California's sunny climate, the sun bakes them into a new molecule called ozone, better known as smog.

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The statement that would best describe the forces acting on the rope is that forces are in equilibrium.

Equilibrium force refers to a state in which the net force acting on an object is zero, meaning the object is either at rest or moving at a constant velocity.

This means that the sum of all forces acting on an object is equal to zero and there is no net acceleration. The object is said to be in a state of mechanical equilibrium.

So if both teams are pulling on the rope, but the rope is not moving, it simply means that the rope is in equilibrium, that is all the forces are equal.

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The water in the tank has become superheated and is in the vapour phase.

Water has a saturation pressure of 4.69 MPa at 260°C. The water pressure in the tank is 5.5 MPa, which is larger than the saturation pressure. So, the water in the tank has become superheated.

Superheated water is water that is in the vapour phase but at a temperature greater than its typical boiling point. This can happen when water is heated at a continuous pressure higher than the saturation pressure for that temperature. Despite being beyond the typical boiling point, the water molecules in this state have a lot of energy and are not condensing into a liquid.

Understanding the phase of water in a given circumstance is critical in a variety of engineering and scientific applications. Understanding the phase of water in a steam turbine, for example, is critical for effective operation and minimising equipment damage in power plants. Understanding the phase of water in food preparation can effect the quality and preservation of the product.

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No. Calculating the potential is difficult if the electric field disappears. Drawing an equipotential surface in this situation is therefore impossible.

Any sort of charge causes an electric field to be associated to a location in space. The strength and direction of the electric field are expressed by the value of E, also referred to as the electric field strength, electric field intensity, or simply the electric field.

The field lines never cross each other. The surface of the charge is parallel to the field lines. The number of field lines and the charge's magnitude are inversely correlated.

Fields at the centre will be equal and opposite because they will have the same charges at the opposite two corners. The centre will have a zero net field.

Therefore,  A positive point charge is pointed straight away by the electric field, and a negative point charge is pointed directly in.

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