Students who make connections while reading are better able to comprehend the text. It is critical for students to connect with the text by drawing on prior knowledge and experiences.
What is reading?Reading is defined as a cognitive process that entails decoding symbols in order to derive meaning. Reading is an active process of constructing word meanings. Reading with a goal assists the reader in directing information and focusing their attention.
Students must engage with the text by drawing on prior knowledge and experiences. When students connect, they think, which increases their reading engagement.
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while learning about corticosteroids in pharmacology class, a student asks the instructor what a clinical indication for the use of corticosteroids would be. what would be the instructor's best response?
The instructor's best response would be: "Cortico-steroids are indicated for a wide range of clinical conditions, including inflammation, autoimmune disorders, allergies, and certain cancers. They can also be used to suppress the immune system and prevent organ transplantation rejection".
Steroids specially corticosteroids a group of medications that are prescribed to address different medical issues. They have anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-aldosterone properties and are comparable to the hormones made by the adrenal glands. Inflammation, autoimmune disorders, allergies, certain malignancies, adrenal insufficiency, and organ transplant rejection are just a few of the ailments that can be treated with corticosteroids. They can be taken orally, topically, inhaled, or intravenously, and are frequently prescribed by a doctor or other healthcare professional. They can also be utilized to reduce immunological response and stop organ rejection. As a replacement therapy for adrenal crisis or insufficiency, corticosteroids are also employed.
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ammonium ions are converted into nitrate ions by bacteria. what is the change in the oxidation number of nitrogen?
The change in the oxidation number of nitrogen is +5 to +7.
Ammonium ions (NH4+) contain nitrogen with an oxidation number of +5. However, through a series of biological and chemical processes, bacteria can convert ammonium into nitrate ions (NO3-), in which nitrogen has an oxidation number of +7. This process is known as nitrification and is an important step in the nitrogen cycle, which is the process by which nitrogen moves from the atmosphere into the soil and then into plants and animals.
During nitrification, bacteria known as nitrifiers oxidize ammonium ions to nitrite ions (NO2-) and then further oxidize nitrite ions to nitrate ions. The oxidation of ammonium ions to nitrate ions is a key step in the nitrogen cycle because it makes the nitrogen available in a form that can be easily taken up by plants, which in turn allows it to be passed up the food chain.
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Observe the above diagram and identify the process shown.
The process shown in the diagram is kidney dialysis.
What is kidney dialysis?When the kidneys cease functioning properly, a treatment called dialysis is used to eliminate waste materials and extra fluid from the blood. Blood is frequently directed to a machine to be cleansed in this process.
Depending on your underlying medical conditions and how closely you adhere to your treatment plan, your life expectancy on dialysis may change.
Although patients should expect to remain on dialysis for 5 to 10 years on average, many have successfully maintained their health for 20 or even 30 years.
Therefore, the process shown in the diagram is kidney dialysis.
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What is the genotype of albinism?
Answer: aa
Explanation: The genotype of albinism is aa.
The genotype of albinism is typically caused by mutations in the genes responsible for producing the pigment melanin.
What is pigment melanin ?Pigment melanin is a natural pigment found in the skin, eyes, and hair of humans and animals. It is produced by specialized skin cells called melanocytes and is responsible for the natural color of the skin, eyes, and hair. The amount of pigment melanin determines the darkness of the skin, eyes, and hair. It also plays an important role in protecting the skin from the harmful ultraviolet radiation of the sun. Melanin is a complex polymer made from the amino acid tyrosine, which is found in the cells of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. Melanocytes are the cells responsible for producing the melanin and they are sensitive to ultraviolet radiation. When exposed to UV rays, melanocytes produce more melanin to protect the skin from sun damage. This is why people with darker skin tones are less prone to sunburns and other skin damage.
These genes are referred to as melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) genes, and their mutations result in a lack of pigment production in the skin, hair, and eyes. The most common form of albinism is caused by a mutation on both copies of the MC1R gene, which is expressed as a recessive trait. Therefore, the genotype of albinism is typically expressed as homozygous recessive (i.e. two copies of the same mutated MC1R gene).
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TRUE/FALSE. doubled-stranded dna consists of two antiparallel strands, meaning that one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction, while the other is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction.
DNA molecule has an antiparralel structure in which both strands are orientated opposite to each other. The statement is TRUE. Doubled-stranded dna consists of two antiparallel strands, meaning that one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction, while the other is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction.
What is DNA molecule?
DNA is a nucleic acid molecule known as deoxyribonucleic acid. It is composed of paired nitrogenated bases that correspond to purines and pyrimidines and are arranged in two antiparallel strands.
These strands have different poles,
One of the extremes has a phosphate group, which is named 5'. The other extreme has a hydroxyl OH named 3'.
Both strands are readen in the 5' to 3' direction, but their orientation is opposite to each other, meaning they run in opposite directions.
The statement is TRUE. The doubled-stranded dna consists of two antiparallel strands, meaning that one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction, while the other is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction.
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True. A double-stranded DNA consists of two antiparallel strands, meaning that one strand is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction, while the other is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction.
Structure of DNADNA is a double-stranded molecule in which the two strands are twisted around each other to form a double-helix structure.
The two strands in a DNA double-helix are antiparallel to each other with one strand, usually called the leading strand, oriented in the 5' to 3' direction while the other strand, otherwise known as the lagging strand, oriented in the 3' to 5' direction.
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Explore: which other samples in the gizmo do you think represent unicellular organisms?.
Extra parts in Gadget that preach unicellular organic entities are: - Other Unicellular organic entities mix yeast, microorganisms, and protists.- Unicellular organic entities are kept as organic entities whose body starts a solo cell.
Keep in mind, a unicellular organic entity is an organic entity (any living thing) that has quite recently been a solitary cell. At the end of the day, in contrast to people/creatures that have and recover a large number of cells, a unicellular organic entity makes due through a solitary cell.
One-celled critters, Microscopic fish, and Microorganisms are normal instances of single-cell living things. On account of Single adaptable cells, this single-cell structure empowers the organic entity not to keep an unmistakable shape; so it can without much of a stretch change its shape.
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Simple diffusion of a molecule down its concentration gradient requires an input of energy to the system.
It is False that Simple diffusion of a molecule down its concentration gradient requires an input of energy to the system.
Simple diffusion occurs when solutes traverse a semipermeable membrane through a solution's concentration gradient. Passive transport across a membrane is the simplest form of transport. Passive transport involves a substance diffusing down its concentration gradient across a membrane and does not require the cell to expend any energy. A concentration gradient is simply a region of space over which a substance's concentration changes. Substances naturally move down concentration gradients, from higher to lower concentration areas.
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(complete question)
Simple diffusion of a molecule down its concentration gradient requires an input of energy to the system.
true or false.
Which of the following statements is true? In adhesion_ water molecules are attracted to each other
In cohesion water molecules are attracted to other types of molecules In cohesion_ water molecules are attracted to each other
Cohesion and adhesion are caused by the non-polar nature of water molecules.
It's indeed accurate that water molecules become drawn to one another in cohesion.
Describe cohesion.The behavior, state, or activity of similar molecules or things adhering to one another is known as cohesion. Water droplets are one illustration. The propensity of hydrogen atoms to adhere to one another is known as cohesion, and a supportive force like a strong hydrogen bond holds them together.
What makes cohesiveness crucial?Cohesion is a feature of water molecules that results from this bonding, which is significant. Plants can absorb moisture at their roots thanks to the cohesiveness of water molecules. Water's high melting and boiling point, which aids animals in controlling body heat, is also a result of cohesion. It results from the strong attractive forces between molecules that are similar.
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how might the transduction process increase the genetic variation of a virus?
Answer:
bacteriophage transfers genetic material from one host cell to another
Explanation:
When this virus infects another bacterial cell, the part of bacterial DNA present in viral DNA can insert in the second bacterial cell through homologous recombination. As a result, bacteriophage transfers genetic material from one host cell to another and increase genetic diversity.
The portion of bacterial DNA existing in the viral DNA can insert into the second bacterial cell by homologous recombination when this virus infects another bacterial cell.
Bacteriophages boost genetic variety by spreading genetic material from one host cell to another. Prokaryotes have three different types of gene transfer, which broadens their genetic diversity. Transduction, conjugation, and transformation are them. Because of the ramifications for scientific study and bacterial antibiotic resistance, transduction is significant. A variety of processes can produce virus variation. Genetic recombination can result in significant changes to the organisation and structure of the genome. Additionally, there are gene adoptions, gene swaps, and gene duplications. However, mutation via nucleotide substitution is the most typical type of change.
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during translation, how does the mrna strand physically interact with trnas carrying amino acids?
The mRNA strand physically interacts with tRNAs transporting amino acids during translation, since tRNAs deliver their amino acids to the mRNA in a specified order.
The cell uses the genetic information contained in mRNA to generate the proteins that carry out the cell's activity during translation. The code in the mRNA is translated by the cell into a new language, the language of proteins, which is based on amino acids. Other forms of RNA exist, such as transfer RNA.
RNA (tRNA) also plays a role in protein building. tRNA is an RNA that has been folded into a three-dimensional structure. It transports and carries an amino acid to the polypeptide chain being assembled by the ribosome An anticodon is a three-nucleotide sequence that is complementary to the three-nucleotide sequence in the corresponding codon on the mRNA. Each anticodon is unique to a single codon.
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genes determine a person’s eye color by coding for nitrogenous bases that affect eye color. (T/F)
False In order to modify nitrogenous bases that affect eye color, genes code for them.
Are there introns that affect eye color that are coded for by genes that determine a person's eye color?The introns that affect eye color are coded for by genes, which define a person's eye color. An operon in prokaryotes is a collection of genes that are controlled collectively. In comparison to prokaryotes, eukaryotes have simpler gene regulation.
Which form of RNA serves as the genetic code's architectural blueprint?Particularly, messenger RNA (mRNA) transports the instructions for building proteins from a cell's DNA to its ribosomes, the "machines" that carry out protein synthesis.
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Which of the following amino acids would be positively charged at physiological pH?
(A)Methionine
(B)Glutamate
(C)Asparagine
(D)Lysine
(E)Tryptophan
The lysine amino acid will be positively charged. Here option D is the correct answer.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The properties of an amino acid, including its charge, are determined by its side chain or "R" group. At physiological pH (approximately 7.4), amino acids can be either positively charged (basic), negatively charged (acidic), or neutral (neutral or zwitterionic).
Lysine (Lys or K) is an example of a basic amino acid. Basic amino acids have a positive charge at physiological pH because they contain a nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons in their side chain. This nitrogen atom can accept a hydrogen ion, making the amino acid positively charged.
Glutamate (Glu or E) is an example of an acidic amino acid, while asparagine (Asn or N) and tryptophan (Trp or W) are neutral amino acids. Methionine (Met or M) is neutral at physiological pH, but it can become positively charged at higher pH values.
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Which of the following are influenced by the size of a population? (Choose all that apply)
genetic diversity
evolution over time
susceptibility to disease
migration to other places
Answer: All of the following are influenced by the size of a population
Explanation:
The size of a population can impact the amount of genetic diversity within that population, which in turn affects its ability to adapt and evolve over time. Smaller populations are generally more susceptible to disease outbreaks, as they lack the genetic diversity to resist the spread of a pathogen. Migration to other places can also be influenced by population size, as larger populations may be more likely to move to new areas to seek resources or escape environmental stressors.
Answer: its susceptibility to disease and genetic diversity.
Explanation: took the test and got it right.
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A cross between two mice with long tails and brown fur produced the four types of offspring listed below.
long-tailed with brown fur
long-tailed with white fur
short-tailed with brown fur
short-tailed with white fur
Which genetic law best explains the results of this cross?
Segregation
Independent assortment
Dominance
Incomplete dominance
Answer:The genetic law that best explains the results of this cross is Segregation.
In Segregation, each parent has two copies of a gene, one from each parent, and each offspring receives one copy of the gene from each parent. In this cross between two mice with long tails and brown fur, the two genes for tail length (long or short) and fur color (brown or white) have separated, or segregated, during gamete formation, and each offspring has received one copy of each gene.
The fact that the offspring have different combinations of these genes (long-tailed with brown fur, long-tailed with white fur, etc.) suggests that the genes for tail length and fur color are located on different chromosomes and are assorting independently of each other, which is also in line with the law of Independent Assortment. However, the fact that the offspring display four distinct phenotypes (appearance) implies that the genes for tail length and fur color are dominant or recessive and not codominant, which would be seen in Incomplete Dominance.
Explanation:
The genetic law that best explains the results of this cross is Segregation.
In Segregation, each parent has two copies of a gene, one from each parent, and each offspring receives one copy of the gene from each parent. In this cross between two mice with long tails and brown fur, the two genes for tail length (long or short) and fur color (brown or white) have separated, or segregated, during gamete formation, and each offspring has received one copy of each gene.
The fact that the offspring have different combinations of these genes (long-tailed with brown fur, long-tailed with white fur, etc.) suggests that the genes for tail length and fur color are located on different chromosomes and are assorting independently of each other, which is also in line with the law of Independent Assortment. However, the fact that the offspring display four distinct phenotypes (appearance) implies that the genes for tail length and fur color are dominant or recessive and not codominant, which would be seen in Incomplete Dominance.
TRUE/FALSE. hallucinogens distort an individual's perceptions of reality.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Hallucinogens profound distortions in a person's perceptions of reality
Does glycolysis occur in the cytosol or cytoplasm?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol.
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is an aerobic metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing energy in the form of ATP. It is the first step in cellular respiration, and takes place in the cytoplasm of cells. Glycolysis is composed of 10 steps that involve the use of enzymes to convert the 6-carbon glucose molecule into two 3-carbon molecules of pyruvate. During each step, some of the energy released is captured in the form of ATP. At the end of glycolysis, the cells are left with two molecules of pyruvate and two molecules of ATP. These molecules can then be used as building blocks in further metabolic pathways.
Therefore, Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol.
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Why is heating a first step in pcr amplification of extracted dna?
structural formulas show the arrangement_______ of in molecules
Structural formulas show the arrangement of atoms of in molecules. These formulas show the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, including their bonds and the arrangement of bonds in 3-dimensional space. They are used by chemists to understand the behavior and properties of molecules.
In biology, atoms play a fundamental role in the structure and function of biological molecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. The combination and arrangement of atoms in these molecules determine their properties and functions, which are essential for life processes such as energy production, cellular communication, and DNA replication. Understanding the structure and properties of biological atoms and molecules is essential for studying various biological disciplines such as biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology.
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how can two separate populations of the same species increase genetic variety? what does increased genetic variety do to the population over generations?
Which ONE of the following statements is FALSE about amino acid metabolism?
A) Amino acids from degraded proteins can be recycled for new protein synthesis.
B) Amino acids contain nitrogen, but most organisms have no storage form of nitrogen and thus rely on consistent dietary intake.
C) Amino acids can be used in energy metabolism.
D) The first step for the use of amino acids used in energy metabolism is oxidation of the amine group.
Which of the following claims concerning amino acid metabolism is FALSE Amino acids from broken down proteins can be reused for the creation of new proteins.
Where can you find protein in a human body?
Keratin, bones, and other tissues with such a low amount of water contain higher protein concentrations.
Why is protein important? What is it?
Describe protein. The body is made up of protein, which may be found in almost every organ, tissue, and body part, including muscle, bone, skin, and hair. It contributes to the production of hemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood, and enzymes, which drive numerous chemical reactions. You are made up of at least 10,000 distinct proteins, which also keep you that manner.
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a textile manufacturer obtained a sample of 50 bolts of cloth from a day’s output. each bolt is carefully inspected and the number of imperfections is recorded as follows:
The mean of the data set is calculated by summing up the number of imperfections for each bolt and dividing by the total number of bolts, which is 50.
(0 x 32 + 1 x 12 + 2 x 5 + 3 x 1)/50 = 0.9
The median of the data set is the middle value when the data is arranged in numerical order. In this case, the median is 1 since it has 25 bolts with 0 imperfections and 25 bolts with 1 or more imperfections.
The mode of the data set is the value that appears most frequently. In this case, the mode is 0 since it is the value with the highest frequency (32 bolts).
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Complete quetion:
A textile manufacturer obtained a sample of 50 bolts of cloth from a? day's output. Each bolt is carefully inspected and the number of imperfections is recorded in the accompanying table. Find the? mean, median, and mode for these sample data.
Number of imperfections: 0 1 2 3
Number of bolts: 32 12 5 1
The mean of the data set is_________ (Type an integer or a decimal)
The median of the data set is _________.
The mode of the data set is ___________
Premature babies are especially likely to gain weight if stimulated by?
Premature babies are especially likely to gain weight if stimulated by touch and massage by their parents.
The findings revealed that kids who had regular physical contact with their parents gained an average of 1.5 ounces per week, which is nearly three times more than those who did not. Touch and massage are two most common physical contacts provided to premature babies which can help them gain weight. When a baby is born before 37 weeks of pregnancy, it is preterm.
A premature infant may be small and require special care, but this does not guarantee that the child will be less intelligent or experience health issues as they age. Your premature baby's health depends on gaining weight at the proper rate. Infants who are fed breast milk or formula instead of intravenously are more likely to acquire weight.
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How does the iris help the eye function?
The iris (the colored part of the eye) controls how much light the pupil lets in.
What is the function of the iris in the human eye?
Iris restricts the light to pass through the eye over to the retina.Iris provides protection to the eye from microorganisms.Iris controls the size of the pupil and hence the amount of light entering the eye.Iris allows color detection in the eye.How does an iris work?
These muscles control the size of the pupil and thus determine how much light reaches the sensory tissue of the retina. The sphincter muscle of the iris is a circular muscle that constricts the pupil in bright light, whereas the dilator muscle of the iris expands the opening when it contracts.
What is the function of the iris?
The colored part of the eye helps regulate the amount of light entering the eye. When there is a bright light, the iris closes the pupil to let in less light. And when there is low light, the iris opens up the pupil to let in more light. Focuses light rays onto the retina.
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The iris helps regulate the amount of light entering the eye, which aids in eye function. Control the size of the pupil by contracting or dilating it to adjust the amount of light passing through the lens.
What is the function of the eye?
The function of the eye is the ability of the eyes to work together to produce clear vision and the ability to perceive and interpret visual information received from the environment. The eye is a complex organ made up of multiple structures that work together to provide vision and the perception of light.The eyeball consists of three main layers: the sclera, the cornea, and the retina. The sclera is the outer white part of the eye and provides structural support. The cornea is the clear, curved window at the front of the eye and is responsible for focusing light onto the retina.
The retina is the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye and is responsible for converting light into nerve signals, which are then sent to the brain.
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Accurately calculating the rate at which a particular drug will enter or leave the body is.
Accurately calculating the rate at which a particular drug will enter or leave the body is primarily based on the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, level of ionization, and degree of protein binding.
A medication is delivered to the body's tissues once it has reached the systemic circulation. Due to variations in tissue binding, blood perfusion, regional pH, and cell membrane permeability, distribution is typically unequal. The medication's lipid-water partition coefficient, level of ionization, and degree of protein binding are the main factors that determine how quickly a specific drug will enter or leave the body.
In densely vascularized areas, distribution equilibrium (where entry and exit rates are equal) between blood and tissue is reached faster, unless diffusion across cell membranes is the rate-limiting step. Following equilibrium, the plasma concentration of a drug reflects the drug concentrations in tissues and extracellular fluids. The simultaneous occurrence of distribution, metabolism, and excretion makes the process dynamic and complex.
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if there are 2.54 cm in one inch how many centimeters are in 2 feet?
Answer:
60.96 centimeters
Explanation:
There are 12 inches in one foot, so 2 feet is equal to 2 × 12 = 24 inches.
To convert inches to centimeters, multiply the number of inches by 2.54:
[tex]\sf:\implies{ 24 \: inches × 2.54 cm/inch = 60.96 cm}[/tex]
Therefore, 2 feet is equal to 60.96 centimeters.
used to identify different sections of the body; mid-sagittal (median), coronal (frontal), and transverse (horizontal) - section is named form the plane along which it is cut
The Median Plane is a mid-sagittal plane that divides the body into two halves (left and right) [head, neck, trunk, tail].
Any vertical plane that separates the body into front and posterior (belly and back) parts is referred to as a coronal plane. Any plane that separates the body into superior and inferior halves and is nearly perpendicular to the spine is referred to as a transverse plane. Any imaginary plane parallel to the median plane is referred to as the sagittal plane.
The coronal or frontal planes are x-y planes that divide the body into front and rear (also known as dorsal and ventral or posterior and anterior) parts. Transversal planes, also known as axial planes or horizontal planes, run parallel to the ground and split the body into top and bottom halves.
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1. True or False: Evolution requires that an immense amount of new genetic information had to have arisen out of nothing in order for a bacterium to transform into a man.
a. True
b. False
The statement as shown in the question is false.
What is evolution?Evolution is the process by which species of organisms change over generations through natural selection, leading to the development of new species.
It is the central concept in biology explaining the diversity of life on earth and the adaptations of organisms to their environments. Evolution is supported by a large body of scientific evidence from many different fields of study.
We know that evolution would take place gradually and does not take place out of nothing.
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Why are nutrients needed for living things? Describe the difference between living and nonliving things.
Can I have a good answer.
Nutrients are required for living beings for survival as nutrients play important role in various biological activities.
What is the difference between living and nonliving things?Anything that is alive today or has ever been alive is referred to as a "living thing."
Anything that has never been alive is considered non-living. Something must be able to grow and develop, consume energy, reproduce, have cells, react to its surroundings, and adapt in order to be categorized as life.
All living things have senses, and can breathe, consume, grow, move, and reproduce. Non-living things cannot breathe, move, grow, eat, or reproduce. They have no senses.
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Answer:
living things: reproduce, grows, uses energy, and uses nutrients.
nonliving things: can't do anything living things can.
Explanation:
READ THE TEXT BOOK!!!
the polymerase chain reaction can only be employed on bacterial samples for pathogen diagnoses. True or false?
This statement that the polymerase chain reaction can only be used with bacterial samples for pathogen diagnosis is incorrect.
The polymerase chain reaction is a widely used method for rapidly making millions to billions of copies of a given DNA sample, allowing scientists to take very small samples of DNA and can be amplified to a sufficient amount for detailed study. PCR is a highly sensitive technique that allows rapid amplification of specific DNA segments. PCR creates billions of copies of a specific DNA fragment or gene, allowing the detection and identification of gene sequences using visual techniques based on size and charge. This statement that the polymerase chain reaction can only be used with bacterial samples for pathogen diagnosis is incorrect.
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how many rubp are used in one turn in calvin cycle
One Calvin Cycle cycle requires the utilization of three RuBP molecules. As the primary CO 2 acceptor in plants, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) is an organic compound that is important in photosynthesis.
The Calvin cycle: what is it?In order to "fix" carbon and CO2 into 3 sugars, vegetation go through a chain of chemical reactions known as the Calvin cycle. These three-carbon substances can later be transformed by mammals and plants into organic molecules, nucleotide, and also more complex carbohydrates like starches.
What results from the Calvin cycle?RuBP is a straightforward five-carbon compound that gains carbon through the Calvin cycle's processes. These processes utilize the NADPH and ATP created during the light reactions as a source of chemical energy. Glucose is the Calvin cycle's end result.
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