1.554442238816872 moles
Mental wanted to find out if the color of the seed of a pea plant affected the seed shape. What experiment did he perform to test this idea?
Answer:
Explanation:
Mental likely performed a genetic cross between pea plants with different colored seeds to test his hypothesis that the color of the seed of a pea plant affects seed shape. This is a classic example of Gregor Mendel's pea plant experiments, which laid the foundation for the science of genetics.
Mendel selected two pure-breeding pea plants that had different seed colors, one with yellow seeds and the other with green seeds. He then performed a cross between these two plants, where he carefully controlled the pollination process to ensure that each plant was only fertilized by the other. He then recorded the traits of the offspring, including the color and shape of the seeds.
By analyzing the offspring and comparing their traits to those of the parents, Mendel was able to determine if there was a relationship between seed color and seed shape. He found that the offspring all had yellow seeds, indicating that the gene for seed color was dominant, and that the gene for seed shape was not influenced by the gene for seed color.
Mendel's experiments with pea plants showed that the traits of an organism are determined by its genes, and that these genes are passed from generation to generation in a predictable way. His work provided the basis for the laws of inheritance, which are still widely used today to understand the transmission of traits from parent to offspring.
Using the words "cell theory" create an acrostic poem to describe your knowledge of cell theory.
I put 10 points cause people always troll me and I hate it
Acrostic poem with the words "cell theory":
C: Cells are the basic building blocks of life E: Every organism is composed of cells. L: Life processes occur within cells. L: Little compartments known as organelles.T: The nucleus of a cell holds its genetic information.H: Homeostasis is important for cell health. E: Energy is needed for cell processes. O: Organelles work together to carry out tasks.R: Reproduction is essential for the life cycle. b: Yeast and bacteria are examples of single-celled organisms.
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the terms psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic are used to categorize microorganisms based on their _______________ requirements.
The terms psychrophilic, mesophilic, and thermophilic are used to categorize microorganisms based on their temperature requirements.
The range of temperatures at which microbes may grow can be used to generally categorise them. At the temperature where the organism can develop the fastest, growth rates are at their highest. The organism's minimal growth temperature is the lowest temperature at which it can continue to exist and reproduce. Its maximal growth temperature is the highest temperature that can cause growth.
The optimal growth temperatures for mesophiles (or "middle-loving") range from room temperature (about 20 °C) to around 45 °C. Mesophiles are organisms that are acclimated to moderate temperatures.
Psychrotrophic organisms, also known as psychrotolerant organisms, prefer cooler settings, with a temperature range of 25 °C to 4 °C for refrigeration.
Thermophiles, or "heat lovers," are organisms that thrive at temperatures between 50 and 80 °C. At room temperature, they do not multiply.
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What is a phenotype?
Answer:
D. An individual's expressed traits.
Explanation:
It refers to the physical and functional characteristics of an organism, including its appearance, anatomy, physiology, and behavior, that can be seen and measured.
What would happen if a native protein was run in a gel next to a denatured sample of the same protein?
If an native protein is run on a gel next to a denatured sample of the same protein, both proteins will run normally in the gel.
What are Native and Denatured proteins?
Proteins found in biological systems with a unique 3D structure and biological activity are called native proteins. When a native protein undergoes physical and chemical changes, the protein loses its biological activity and is called denatured protein.
If an non-denatured(Native) protein is run on a gel next to a denatured sample of the same protein, both proteins will run normally in the gel, but the weight of the denatured protein will be less than the non-denatured(Native) protein.This is because the denatured protein that has undergone weak bond cleavage is completely degraded and has lost its function as a functionally active protein. Aside from protein weight, a denatured protein loses some of its charge by losing some bonds.Hence, the protein walks normally in the gel because of its charge. That is, proteins with more positive charges move faster.
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Lipids with shorter tails contribute to _______ plasma membrane fluidity.
Answer: Increased.
Explanation: The shorter tails increase the plasma membrane.
Structures and Functions The drawing below show the appearance of a red blood cell and an plant cell in isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic environment. label each environment in the space below.
The appearance of a red blood cell and a plant cell according to the diagram is;
a. Hypotonic, b. Hypertonic, c. Isotonic.
d. Hypertonic, e. Isotonic, f. Hypotonic.
What is an Isotonic environment?An isotonic environment is a solution in which the concentration of solutes is equal on both sides of a semi-permeable membrane. In this environment, the water moves freely across the membrane to balance the solute concentration, but the cells remain in their original shape and size, as there is no net gain or loss of water.
This type of solution is in contrast to hypotonic and hypertonic solutions, in which the solute concentration is lower or higher, respectively, on one side of the membrane, causing the cells to swell or shrink.
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the double membrane structure is unique to the
The double membrane structure is unique to the mitochondria and it is made up of inner and outer mitochondrial membranes that are separated by an intermembrane gap.
Numerous folds (called cristae) in the inner membrane extend into the matrix of the organelle. The inner membrane and matrix are the two main functioning compartments of mitochondria, and each of these parts has a specific functional purpose. Along with the enzymes in charge of the key oxidative metabolic processes, the matrix houses the mitochondrial genetic system. In animal cells, the primary source of metabolic energy is the oxidative breakdown of glucose and fatty acids. Glucose is converted to pyruvate in the cytosol during the first stages of glucose metabolism (glycolysis). The majority of the usable energy (ATP) produced by the metabolism of glucose is then produced after pyruvate has been delivered into mitochondria and completely oxidized to CO2.
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The complete question is:
The double membrane structure is unique to the
A) lysosome.
B) peroxisome.
C) mitochondrion.
D) nucleolus.
Match each description to the trait it demonstrates.
birds migrating from colder to warmer climates
a person consuming only those crops they produce while farming
sharper vision to see at night
cat hissing at its enemy
nocturnal behavior
arrowRight
predation defense
arrowRight
cultural adaptation
arrowRight
swarm behavior
arrowRight
The correct matching of the description to its trait is given below:
birds migrating from colder to warmer climates swarm behaviora person consuming only those crops they produce while farming cultural adaptationsharper vision to see at night nocturnal behavior.cat hissing at its enemy predation defenseWhat is Swarm Behavior?Swarm behavior is collective behavior exhibited by animals that aggregate together. It is characteristic for birds.
Hence, it can be seen that swarm behavior is a feature that is used by birds when they migrate or move from one place to another and the nocturnal behavior has to do with moving better at night.
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According to the adaptation, migration, and defense behavior concepts, 1) birds migrating from colder to warmer climates ⇒ swarm behavior. 2) a person consuming only those crops they produce while farming ⇒ cultural adaptation. 3) sharper vision to see at night ⇒ nocturnal behavior. 4) cat hissing at its enemy ⇒ predation defense
What are adaptation, migration, and defense behavior?Adaptation might be defined as the mechanism of organisms to improve their fitness in the environment in which they live, adjusting to different changes and selective pressures acting on them. It involves molecular, physiological, morphological, behavioral, and cultural changes.
Migration is an ecological process. This instinctive behavior occurs during certain seasons, and is carried out by some animal and insect species that displace from one region to another one to reproduce or to find better environmental conditions.
Defense behavior refers to the way in which different species can denfend themselves or their family members from predation or any other threaten factor. Animal species can avoid predation by expressing certain colors, defensive structures (like claws, fangs, spikes), or by making alert noices.
According to this framework, we can assume that matches are as follows,
birds migrating from colder to warmer climates ⇒ swarm behavior a person consuming only those crops they produce while farming ⇒ cultural adaptation sharper vision to see at night ⇒ nocturnal behaviorcat hissing at its enemy ⇒ predation defenseYou can learn more about adaptations at
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How many gametes will have a recombinant chromosome?
Thus, the four haploid gametes (also called a "tetrad") have genotypes of four types, two of which are recombinant and two of which are nonrecombinant.
What are gametes?
Gametes are the reproductive cells of an organism, also referred to as sex cells.In species that produce two morphologically distinct types of gametes, and in which each individual produces only one type, each individual that produces the larger type of gamete—called an egg—is female, and the male that produces the smaller type—called sperm.To know more about gametes, click the link given below:
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The splitting of water at photosystem 2 is known as ___________ and results in the production of ______photolysis; oxygen, hydrogen ions(protons), and the electrons that are given to photosystem 2
Oxygen, hydrogen ions (protons), and the electrons required to power photosystem 2 are produced during photolysis, the splitting of water at photosystem 2.
In the chemical process of photolysis, molecules are broken down into smaller pieces via light absorption. The most well-known example of a photolytic process is the experimental technique known as flash photolysis, which is used to investigate transient chemical intermediates produced in several photochemical reactions.
The first light separates the absorbing chemical into transitory molecular fragments, and the second flash enables spectrophotometric analysis of these fragments. The method is helpful for locating transient chemical intermediaries and, as a result, for studying the mechanisms of rapid chemical reactions.
Thus, oxygen, hydrogen ions (protons), and the electrons that are transferred to photosystem 2 are produced during photolysis, the splitting of water at photosystem 2.
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chromosomes line up in the middle and make sure sister chromatids are prepared to split evenly. true or false
Answer:
Metaphase. Chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate, under tension from the mitotic spindle
Explanation:
majority of atp in aerobic respiration is generated thanks to nadph produced during
Majority of atp in aerobic respiration is generated thanks to nadph produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
NADPH is an electron carrier that donates electrons and protons to the electron transport chain during cellular respiration. This donation drives the production of ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria. The energy released by the oxidation of NADPH is used to power the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthase to generate ATP. Therefore, the NADPH produced during photosynthesis is crucial in powering the production of ATP during aerobic respiration, making it a vital component in maintaining energy balance in cells.
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3. under which of the following conditions do you expect to see treadmilling of an actin filament? the critical concentrations of f-actin are: ( )end: 0.12 microm (-)end: 0.6 microm a: the cytosolic concentration of g-actin-atp is 0.4 microm, but you have added 0.3 microm of the sequestering protein thymosin to your reaction. thymosin binds to g-actin atp at a ratio of 1:1 b: the cytosolic concentration of g-actin-atp is 0.15 microm and of g-actin adp is 0.6 microm c: the cytosolic concentration of g-actin-atp is 0.7 microm, but your reaction also contains profilin, an enzyme that converts g-actin-adp into g-actin-atp d: the cytosolic concentration of g-actin-atp is 0.4 microm, but you have added the (-)-end capping protein tropomodulin to your reaction e: the cytosolic concentration of g-actin-atp is 0.1 microm
The cytosolic concentration of G-actin-ATP is 0.15 microM and of G-actin ADP is 0.2 microM.
The cytoplasmic G-actin concentration (100 M) in most live cells is far greater than the critical concentration (Cc) of actin filaments (0.1 M) (Pollard et al., 2000).
The critical concentration of actin monomers in the cytosol will either promote disassembly or formation of the actin filament (Cc). Filament elongation happens spontaneously when the concentration of free subunits exceeds the Cc.
Actin concentrations in non-muscle cells are generally 2-3 mg/ml (46-70 M). In muscle cells, the concentration is generally 10-30 mg/ml (230-960 M).
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A car starts from rest and accelerates along a straight line path in one minute. It finally attains a velocity of 40 meters/second. What is the car's average acceleration?
A.
1.5 meters/second2
B.
1.5 meters/second
C.
0.66 meters/second2
D.
0.66 meters/second
Answer:
A car starts from rest and accelerates along a straight line path in one minute. It finally attains a veloity of 40 meters/second. the answer is D0.66 meters/second
Explanation:
you multiply 1.5x 2 which equals 3 then divide 3 by 40 which gives you 75 then 75-9 =66 so the answer is D
Which of these are characteristics of simple squamous epithelium?
-Simple squamous cells exist only as individual, independent cells, and not as part of a population of simple squamous cells.
-Simple squamous epithelium is found next to free space called the lumen.
-Simple squamous cells attach to form a sheet-like arrangement.
-Simple squamous epithelium consists of multiple layers of cells.
-Simple squamous epithelium is always found wedged between other tissue types
The following are characteristics of simple squamous epithelium:
A: Simple squamous cells exist only as individual, independent cells, and not as part of a population of simple squamous cells.
B: Simple squamous epithelium is found next to free space called the lumen.
C: Simple squamous cells attach to form a sheet-like arrangement.
Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flattened cells, making it the thinnest type of epithelial tissue. It is typically found in areas where diffusion and filtration occur, such as in the air sacs of the lungs, the walls of blood vessels, and the renal corpuscles in the kidneys.
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during what phase of cell division does nondisjunction occur?
Nondisjunction occurs during the phase of cell division called meiosis. Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by half, resulting in the formation of reproductive cells, also known as gametes.
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes, which carry the same genes, pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing over. After crossing over, the chromosomes separate into two different cells. Nondisjunction occurs when one or both of the homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during meiosis, resulting in an unequal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter cells. This can lead to cells with too many or too few chromosomes, which can cause genetic disorders such as Down syndrome. Cell division is the process by which a single cell divides into two or more daughter cells. It is an essential part of growth, reproduction, and tissue repair in all living organisms. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis
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what will the result be if a purebred tall pea plant is mixed with a purebred short pea plant?
A pure tall pea plant is crossed with a pure short pea plant. All of the resulting offspring were tall.
If a pea plant with a tall pea (TT) is crossed with a pea plant with a short pea (tt), where the tall stem is dominant, then the cross is as follows:
Parents: TT >< tt
Gametes: T >< t
Descendants: Tt
Thus, the crossing of the two parents produces all tall offspring.
This cross is called a monohybrid cross, which is a cross with one different trait. The point is that in this cross, only pay attention to one characteristic, such as flower color (red, white, etc.) or fruit shape (round, oval, etc.).
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according to this tree, which group or groups of organisms are most closely related to frogs?
Compared to lizards, humans and frogs are more distantly connected. Fishes are the taxon with which frogs have the most recent shared ancestor.
What qualifies someone as an ancestor?An ancestor is a parent or (successively) the parent of a precursor and is often referred to as a founding father, about to, or forebear . A a progenitor "any individual from whom one descends. The individual who might have inherited an estate, according to law."
A family exists in ancestor?A family member's antecedent is their ancestor. Any individual that wealth is inherited either legal act or succession is an ancestor in a legal sense, notably there under law of inheritance. Only natural individuals are considered ancestors in this context.
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what is the different between a neuron and a muscle cell in the same organism?
Answer:
Muscle cells and nerve cells (neurons) are two very different types of cells. Muscle cells (myocytes) contract to produce movement while nerve cells send messages from receptor cells to either glandular cells or muscle cells relaying messages throughout the body.
Explanation:
In the posterior view, the cubital region is _______ to the carpal region.
Distal
Proximal
Medial
Superficial
The cubital district is the back piece of the elbow. The Carpal alludes to the wrist bones, so this construction is the most distal of the areas recorded.
The brachial district is better than the antebrachial locale. The brachial section comprises the upper arm and is characterized as the region between the shoulder and elbow joints. The antebrachial district lies between the hand and the elbow of the arm.
The proximal column of carpal bones (moving from outspread to ulnar) are the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform. In contrast, the distal line of carpal bones (additionally from spiral to ulnar) involves the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.
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select the term used to describe the field of science that employs the human manipulation of microbes for use in industrial processes
The term used to describe the field of science that employs the human manipulation of microbes for use in industrial processes is biotechnology.
Biotechnology is a broad field of science that encompasses the use of living organisms or their components (such as enzymes, DNA, or cells) to create new products or technologies. In the context of industrial processes, biotechnology often involves the manipulation of microbes (such as bacteria, yeast, or algae) to produce a wide range of products, including fuels, chemicals, food and beverages, and pharmaceuticals. Biotechnology uses the unique properties of these microorganisms to convert raw materials into valuable products, and it plays an important role in many areas of modern industry.
So, option C is the one that is correct.
The complete question is:-
Select the term used to describe the field of science that employs the human manipulation of microbes for use in industrial processes.
a. biological magnification
b. gene pharming
c. biotechnology
d. eutrophication
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Select the correct pairing of an antifungal drug and its application.a) ketoconazole, AIDS-relatedmycoses b) fluconazole, cutaneousmycosesc) miconazole, vaginal infections d) penicillin, blood-borne infections
The correct pairing of an antifungal drug and its application is miconazole, vaginal infections.A topical antifungal drug is miconazole. A topical form of miconazole stops skin fungus from proliferating.
Skin infections including athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm, tinea versicolor (a fungus that discolors the skin), and yeast infections of the skin are all treated with miconazole topical (for the skin). The topical form of miconazole may also be used for other conditions not included in this pharmaceutical guide. A medicine's label and box should contain all instructions. Inform all of your medical professionals about all of your illnesses, allergies, and medications you use. Prior to using this medication, If you are allergic to miconazole, you shouldn't take miconazole topical.
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Using the forked-line, or branch diagram, method, determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of these trihybrid crosses: a.AaBbCc X AaBBCC b.AaBBCc X aaBBCc
Using the forked-line, or branch diagram, method, the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of these trihybrid crosses is AaBbCc X AaBBCC
Forked-line, or branch diagram, method is used to predict the outcome of genetic crosses and calculate the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of offspring. In this cross, the parent plants, where A and B are codominant, and C is dominant. The forked-line method starts with drawing a single line for each parent, and then dividing each line into two branches for each allele of the gene. The dominant alleles are represented by a capital letter, while the recessive alleles are represented by a lowercase letter.
The two lines are then crossed to form a single line that represents the offspring:
A B C
| | |
AaBbCc AaBBCC
The offspring will receive one allele from each parent for each gene. The genotypic ratio of the offspring can be calculated by counting the number of each genotype.
The phenotypic ratio of the offspring can be calculated by counting the number of each phenotype. Since A and B are codominant, the offspring will show both alleles when both are present. C is dominant, so the offspring will show the dominant phenotype when a dominant allele is present.
In this cross, the parent plants are AaBBCc and aaBBCc.
a | a
B | B
C | C
The two lines are then crossed to form a single line that represents the offspring:
A B C
| | |
AaBBCc aaBBCc
The genotypic ratio of the offspring can be calculated by counting the number of each genotype:
The phenotypic ratio of the offspring can be calculated by counting the number of each phenotype. This is a simplified explanation of the forked-line method, which assumes that only one gene is being analyzed at a time. In real life, multiple genes may be involved in a cross, making the calculation more complex.
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compare the birth rate death rate and population growth rate for different regions world for science
The birth rate, death rate, and population growth rate vary greatly between different regions of the world.
How do the birth and death rates compare?In general, developed countries tend to have low birth rates and death rates, resulting in a slower rate of population growth
On the other hand, many developing countries have higher birth rates and death rates, leading to a higher rate of population growth
It's important to note that population growth rates can also be influenced by migration patterns and natural disasters, which can impact both birth and death rates.
Overall, the birth rate, death rate, and population growth rate are complex and interconnected factors that are influenced by a variety of social, economic, and environmental factors.
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A large number of sperm cells are produced by males every day. This large number of sperm cells increases the chance that.
Answer:
conception, getting more of your sperm closer to an egg means there's more of a chance that the male will be the one passing down his genetics and not another competiting male. The genes of the smaller sperm producers are eventually weeded out of the population and forgotten. It is not the only thing that matters in terms of fertilization but is a major reason to why the large count.
1. the flow of genetic information from dna to protein in eukaryotic cells is called the central dogma of biology. cells regulate both protein synthesis and protein activity. discuss two specific mechanisms of protein regulation in eukaryotic cells.
The core dogma of biology is the passage of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryotic cells.
The basic dogma of molecular biology is a belief that genetic information only goes in one direction, from DNA to RNA, to protein, or from RNA straight to protein.
Methylation and environmental circumstances are two distinct processes of protein regulation in eukaryotic cells. The addition of methyl groups in methylation suppresses transcription. Cells employ epigenetic mechanisms to control gene expression and to turn genes on and off, as well as to create, preserve, and repair DNA.
The DNA sequence of a gene is replicated during transcription to create an RNA molecule. This process is known as transcription because it requires rewriting, often known as transcribing.
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Atoms of an element decay with a half-life of 20,000 years. If there are 10,000 atoms to being with, how long will it take for there to be 2,500 atoms?.
There will be 2,500 atoms after 40,000 years.At the level of individual atoms, radioactive decay is a stochastic (i.e. random) method.
No matter how long an atom has been there for, quantum theory says it is impossible to determine the time it will decay.
However, the overall decay rate can be stated as a half-life or as a decay constant for a sizable number of similar atoms.
There is a wide variation in the half-lives of radioactive atoms, from almost instantaneous to much longer than the age of the universe.
The process generates at least one daughter radionuclide, and the decaying nucleus is known as the parent radionuclide (or parent radioisotope).
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If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals 0%, what is the gene variability and number of alleles at that locus?
(A) gene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 0
(B) gene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 1
(C) gene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 2
(D) gene variability 7 0%; number of alleles = 2
a.The option âgene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 0â is false.
b.The option âgene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 1â is true.
c. The option âgene variability = 0%; number of alleles = 2â is false.
d.The option âgene variability = 7 0%; number of alleles = 2â is false.
A locus's gene variability and total number of alleles are both zero if its nucleotide variability is zero percent. c. Gene variability is 0%, with 1 allele per gene.
What happens when a locus' nucleotide variability is 0%?By comparing that nucleotide sequence of people who belong to the same population and have the same allele, one can determine that gene variability is the same when nucleotide variation is zero.
How is the variation in genes measured?Measurement.The percentage of polymorphism gene loci or the proportion of heterozygous people at a given gene locus are two typical ways to quantify genetic diversity within a population.The findings can be very helpful in understanding how each person in the population adapts to their surroundings.
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If the heat-fixation step is omitted during a simple stain procedure, what will happen?
a) The cells may wash off the slide
b) The staining process will destroy the cells
c) The dye will not be taken up by the cells
d) The cell morphology will change
If the heat-fixation step is omitted during a simple stain procedure, the cells may wash off the slide.
Simple staining is a technique that can be utilised, in which only one stain is applied, and all varieties of bacteria appear under the microscope as that stain's colour. Safranin, methylene blue, and crystal violet are a few stains that are frequently used for straightforward staining. Simple stains can be used to analyse a bacterial species' morphology (cell shape) and arrangement (single, chains, clusters, etc.), but they don't provide any extra details.
Cells must be fastened to the slide before being stained with a dye in order to prevent them from washing away with the excess dye. The act of attaching cells to a slide is referred to as "fixing" a sample. Fixation not only secures the specimen to the slide but also kills the microorganisms within it, halting their mobility and metabolism while maintaining the integrity of their cellular components for examination.
Heat fixing or chemically treating the material are two common methods for achieving fixation. Heat fixing renders the smear's germs inert, securely binds it to the slide, and enhances the sample's ability to absorb stains.
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