how many grams of solute are present in 35.0 ml of 0.236 m sodium sulfate? a. what is the molarity of the sodium ions?
Answers
The molarity of sodium ions is 0.118
Molarity (M) is the amount of a substance in a sure extent of solution. Molarity is described because the moles of a solute are in keeping with the liters of an answer. Molarity is also referred to as the molar concentration of an answer.
The molarity of a given solution is described as the overall quantity of moles of solute per liter of answer. The molality of an answer is depending on the adjustments in physical properties of the machine along with strain and temperature as unlike mass, the volume of the gadget adjusts with the change in bodily situations of the gadget. Molarity is represented through M, that's termed as molar. One molar is the molarity of a solution wherein one gram of solute is dissolved in a liter of answer.
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Related Questions
what gas is produced in the reaction thus necessitating the need for loosely capped vials to allow it to escape?
Answers
The gas produced in the reaction thus necessitating the need for loosely capped vials to allow it to escape is nitrogen.
What are the main uses of nitrogen?
1. Fertilizer: Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plants, and is often added to fertilizers to help plants grow.
2. Refrigerant: Nitrogen is used as a refrigerant in air conditioning and refrigeration systems.
3. Industrial Production: Nitrogen is used in a variety of industrial processes, such as the production of steel, rubber, plastics and other products.
4. Fuel: Nitrogen is used in the production of liquid fuels such as diesel and jet fuel.
5. Food Preservation: Nitrogen is used to preserve food by preventing the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms.
6. Medical: Nitrogen is used as a medical gas in the treatment of certain medical conditions.
When nitrogen is produced in a chemical reaction, it must be allowed to escape from the reaction vessel. If the reaction vessel is tightly capped, the pressure inside the reaction vessel will increase due to the presence of the nitrogen gas, which can cause the vessel to rupture. To prevent this from happening, the reaction vessel must be loosely capped to allow the nitrogen gas to escape.
Therefore, nitrogen is the correct answer.
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Are group 1 metals chlorides bases?
Answers
Answer: True I guess
Explanation: I’m new here but I guess it’s it’s true?
cerium has four stable naturally occurring isotopes which are listed in the table with their isotopic masses and their percent abundances. isotope mass (u) percent abundance (%) ce136 135.907 0.186 ce138 137.905 0.251 ce140 139.905 88.449 ce142 141.909 11.114 calculate the average atomic mass for cerium.
Answers
The correct answer is cerium 141,911amu.
A unit atomic mass is defined as one-twelfth of the mass of a single carbon-12 atom. The atomic mass of an element is the atomic mass. Average atomic mass is the weighted average of the atomic masses of all isotopes of that element.
To answer this question, a formula is written to calculate the average atomic mass of cerium. (135.90714 amu × 0.0019 )+ ( 137.90599 amu × 0.0025 )+ ( 139.90543 amu * 0.8843 )+(Ce−142 × 0.1113)
= 140.116
Solving the equation for Ce-142 gives an atomic weight of 141.911 amu.
The correct answer is 141,911 amu.
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a flask contains four gases: ch4, o2, c2h5, and n2. when the stopper is removed, which gas will diffuse the fastest? responses c2h5 uppercase c subscript 2 end subscript uppercase h subscript 5 end subscript o2 uppercase o subscript 2 end subscript ch4 uppercase c h subscript 4 end subscript n2
Answers
The gas that will diffuse the fastest is O2 (oxygen). Gases diffuse from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Oxygen has a relatively small molecular size compared to the other gases.
So, it is more likely to move quickly through the container and escape through the opening. Methane (CH4) and Ethane (C2H5) are larger, and thus will diffuse slower than oxygen.
Nitrogen (N2) is an even larger gas, and it will diffuse the slowest of all the gases in the flask.
Methane is a chemical composite with the chemical formula CH₄. It is a group-14 hydride, the simplest alkane, and the main basic of natural gas.
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what percent of the global atmosphere is carbon dioxide (co2)? lab 5 and other subsequent labs have an emphasis on co2.
Answers
The percentage of the global atmosphere is the carbon dioxide that CO₂ is 0.04 %.
The CO₂ that is carbon dioxide makes up the only about 0.04% of the atmosphere, and the water vapor can vary the range from the 0 to 4%. The water vapor is the concentrated lower in atmosphere. The higher will be the greenhouse gas, the more effective will be the trapping heat from the Earth’s surface.
The burning of fossil fuels will affects the concentration of the CO₂ in the earth atmosphere. Before the industrial revolution, the amount of the carbon dioxide in the earth atmosphere was about the 288 ppm.
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if 5 half-lives have gone by and you have .03125 grams of an unstable parent substance, how many grams of stable daughter product should you have?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The amount of daughter product that should be present after 5 half-lives depends on the specific radioactive decay process involved and the initial amount of the parent substance. In general, after each half-life, the amount of the parent substance decreases by half, and the corresponding amount of the daughter product increases by half.
In this case, with 5 half-lives gone by, the amount of the parent substance should have decreased by a factor of 2^5 = 32. Hence, the amount of the parent substance should be .03125/32 = 0.0009765625 grams.
Since the amount of daughter product is proportional to the amount of the parent substance that decays, the amount of daughter product should be 0.0009765625 * 32 = 0.03125 grams.
7. From the following enthalpy changes,
Xe (g) + F2 (g) → XeF2 (s)
Xe (g) + 2F2 (g) → XeF4 (s)
calculate the value of AH° for the reaction XeF2 (s) + F2 (g) →→→ XeF4 (s).
AH° = -123 kJ
ΔΗ° = -262 kJ
Answers
In the standard enthalpy of formation, all the substances are represented in their standard states. The enthalpy of formation for the reaction is -139 kJ.
What is enthalpy of formation?The standard enthalpy of formation of a compound is defined as the enthalpy change accompanying the formation of one mole of the compound from its constituent elements.
In order to calculate the enthalpy of formation of XeF₄, we want XeF₂ on the reactant side. For this reverse the equation (1).
XeF₂ → Xe (g) + F₂ (g) ΔH = 123 J
By reversing, the sign of ΔH change as well.
Xe (g) and F₂ (g) of equation (1) cancels out with Xe and one of the F₂ of equation (2).
Now left is XeF₂ (s) + F₂ (g) → XeF₄ (s)
ΔH = 123 - 262 = -139 kJ
Thus the value of ΔH⁰ is -139 kJ.
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a container with rigid walls holds n moles of a monatomic ideal gas. part a in terms of n , how many moles of the gas must be removed from the container to double the pressure while also doubling the rms speed of the gas atoms? express your answer in terms of n .
Answers
A container with rigid walls holds n moles of a monatomic ideal gas. part a in terms of n. The number of moles of the gas to be removed is n/3.
The pressure of a monatomic ideal gas is proportional to its number of atoms, and the root-mean-square (rms) speed of its atoms is proportional to the square root of its temperature. Doubling the pressure and rms speed of the gas atoms requires a 4-fold increase in the temperature. To increase the temperature, we need to remove a certain number of moles of gas from the container.
Since the number of atoms in the container determines the pressure, removing moles of gas from the container reduces the pressure. To double the pressure, we need to remove half of the initial number of moles, or n/2 moles, from the container.
To also double the rms speed, we need to further remove n/4 moles, so that the final number of moles is n/4.
Thus, the total number of moles to be removed is n/2 + n/4 = n/3.
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the thermite reaction is performed using 8.6 g fe2o3 and 1.8 g powdered al metal. which reactant is in excess and by how much?
Answers
E. Fe2O3 ; 3.3 g is correct, Fe2O3 is the reactant and 3.3 g is excess .
The equation shows that for every 1.8 g of Al, 8.6 g of Fe2O3 is needed. Fe2O3 is an oxide of iron and is also known as ferric oxide or hematite. It is a red-brown material that is insoluble in water and is used in a variety of industrial applications.In this reaction, 1.8 g Al is used, meaning 8.6 g of Fe2O3 is needed. Since only 8.6 g of Fe2O3 is used, there is an excess of 3.3 g of Fe2O3.
Equation: 8.6 g Fe2O3 + 1.8 g Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe
Therefore 3.3g of the reactant Fe2O3 is excesss
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complete question:The thermite reaction is performed using 8.6 g Fe 2O 3 and 1.8 g powdered Al metal. Which reactant is in excess and by how much?
Fe2O3 + 2 Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe
A. Al; 0.3 g
B. Fe2O3; 2.0 g
C. Al; 2.1 g
D. Al; 1.1 g
E. Fe2O3; 3.3 g
Comparing the grams of each reactant needed to the number of grams actually used in the lab, the limiting reaction is _______ and the excess reaction is _________.
Answers
Answer:
The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction and the excess reactant is the reactant that remains after the limiting reactant is used up.
in non-ionized hydrogen, for instance, what does a higher orbital state have more of than a lower orbital state?
Answers
In non-ionized hydrogen, a higher orbital state refers to an electron in a higher energy level or shell.
What are orbital states?
Orbital states in physics and chemistry define the energy and position of an electron in an atom. An electron in an atom is typically described by its orbital state, which includes the energy level, the angular momentum, and the magnetic moment of the electron.
In a hydrogen atom, for example, an electron can occupy different energy levels or shells, which correspond to different orbital states. Each orbital state is characterized by a unique set of quantum numbers that describe the energy, angular momentum, and magnetic moment of the electron in that state.
In comparison to a lower orbital state, a higher orbital state has a higher energy and is farther away from the nucleus of the hydrogen atom.
The main difference between a higher and lower orbital state is their energy and the distance between the electron and the nucleus. Electrons in higher orbital states have more energy and are farther away from the nucleus than those in lower orbital states. This means that electrons in higher orbital states are less likely to be held by the positively charged nucleus and are therefore more likely to participate in chemical reactions or interactions with other atoms.
So, In non-ionized hydrogen, a higher orbital state refers to an electron in a higher energy level or shell.
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g a flask contains a mixture of 0.67 mol he and 4.46 mol ne gases. determine the partial pressure of ne (in mm) if the total pressure is 296 mm.
Answers
Partial pressure equals total pressure minus the mole fraction. It demonstrates how a component's mole fraction and partial pressure are related.
The partial pressure of Ne is what?Neon has a partial pressure of 0.4 atm, while krypton has a partial pressure of 1.20 atm. The mole fraction has no units. He and Ne gases together have a total pressure of 1.
If the overall pressure is 760 mmHg, what is the partial pressure of argon?7.6 mmHg As a result, it can be calculated that the partial pressures of the various gases at sea level, where the atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg, are roughly 593 mmHg for nitrogen, 160 mmHg for oxygen, and 7.6 mmHg for argon.
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simple bread recipe calls for
g of flour, 8 g of salt, 1 g of yeast, 400
and 0.3 L of water. The recipe
produces 1 loaf of bread. The data
table shows the amounts of
each ingredient you have. Identify the
limiting reagent. What is the
theoretical yield, assuming you could
make partial loaves? How many
whole loaves of bread can you actually
make? What is the percent
yield? How much of each ingredient do
you have left over?
Answers
We would produce a loaf of bread, the limiting reagent is water and the percent yield is 30%
What is the limiting reagent?The limiting reagent, also known as the limiting reactant, is the reactant that determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed in a chemical reaction. It is the reactant that is completely consumed first and therefore determines the amount of product that can be formed.
Since we have 0.3 g of the water, the theoretical yield would now be;
0.3 g/1 g * 100/1
= 30 %
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What do we do with the extra 0.24 days each year upon the completion of Earth's revolution?
A. Every year on New Year's Day we get an extra 4 hours added to our day.
B. Nothing is done with them and our yearly calendar always has 365 days.
C. Every 4 years they are put together and we add one day to our yearly calendar.
D. We move our clocks back an hour in the fall and ahead an hour in the spring.
Answers
Answer:
C. Every 4 years they are put together and we add one day to our yearly calendar.
Answer:C. Every 4 years they are put together and we add one day to our yearly calendar (leap year).
Explanation:
if the experiment was started with a wet flask, would the experimental value of the enthalpy of vaporization be higher, lower, or the same as the actual value? explain.
Answers
If the experiment was started with a wet flask, the experimental value of the enthalpy of vaporization would likely be lower than the actual value.
The enthalpy of vaporization, also known as the heat of vaporization, is the amount of heat energy required to change a substance from a liquid to a gas at a constant temperature. In a wet flask, some of the heat energy supplied to the substance will be absorbed by the water on the flask and will not be used to vaporize the substance. This means that it will take more heat energy to vaporize the substance than the amount recorded in the experiment, leading to a lower experimental value of the enthalpy of vaporization. Therefore, starting the experiment with a wet flask can introduce measurement errors and lower the accuracy of the experimental value of the enthalpy of vaporization. It is important to carefully control all variables and avoid any potential sources of error in experiments like this.
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suppose that aqueous solutions of cesium hydroxide and iron nitrate are mixed. what is the name of the compound or compounds that precipitate?
Answers
When aqueous solutions of cesium hydroxide (CsOH) and iron nitrate (Fe(NO3)2) are mixed, a reaction occurs resulting in the precipitation of a compound. The chemical reaction is as follows:
CsOH + Fe(NO3)2 -> CsNO3 + Fe(OH)2
The precipitate that forms is Fe(OH)2, which is ferrous hydroxide. This compound is an insoluble salt that separates from the solution as a solid.
The solubility of Fe (OH)2 depends on the conditions of the reaction, including the concentration of the reactants, the temperature, and the pH of the solution. In general, Fe (OH)2 is not very soluble in water, so it readily forms a precipitate when it is produced in excess.
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In the following acid-base reaction,
OH- is the
CH3NH2(g) + H2O(1)
→
CH3NH3(aq) + OH¯(aq)
Conjugate base
Acid
Conjugate acid
Answers
The base in the following chemical interaction is CH3NH2, which is methyl amine. It creates its conjugate acid, the methyl ammonium ion, when it receives a proton.
How is the conjugate base discovered?The conjugate base's formula is the acid's formula less one hydrogen. The base that reacts changes into its conjugate acid. The conjugate acid's formula is the base's formula adds one hydrogen ion.
Is ch3oh a base for Bronsted-Lowry?Because it is categorized as both a Lewis acid and a Bronsted-Lowry acid, methanol. It will become a Bronsted-Lowry acid as a result of the proton donation, and the methanol will also take electrons as a result.
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what is the freezing point of a solution formed by dissolving 0.75 moles naphthalene in 2.0 kg benzene g
Answers
The freezing point of a solution is dependent on the concentration of solute particles in the solvent. The presence of solute particles in a solvent decreases its ability to freeze, and as a result, the freezing point of the solution is lowered.So, the freezing point of the solution would be lower than that of pure benzene by 1.91 °C.
The freezing point depression of a solution can be calculated using the equation:
ΔTf = Kf x molality
where ΔTf is the change in freezing point, Kf is the freezing point depression constant for the solvent, and molality is the concentration of solute particles in the solution expressed in moles per kilogram of solvent.
In this case, the solvent is benzene and its freezing point depression constant, Kf, is 5.12 °C/m. The molality of the solution can be calculated as follows:
molality = moles of solute / kilograms of solvent
= 0.75 moles / 2.0 kg
= 0.375 moles/kg
Substituting these values into the equation, we get:
ΔTf = 5.12 °C/m x 0.375 moles/kg
= 1.91 °C
So,the freezing point of the solution is 1.91 °C.
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2 C8H18 + 25 O2 > 16 CO2 + 18 H2O how many moles of O2 are needed to react fully with 4 moles of octane
Answers
Answer:
100 moles of O2 are needed to react fully with 4 moles of octane.
Explanation:
Answer:
50
Explanation:
To find the number of moles of O2 needed to react fully with 4 moles of octane (C8H18), we need to balance the equation first:
2 C8H18 + 25 O2 -> 16 CO2 + 18 H2O
So, the balanced equation tells us that for every 2 moles of C8H18, 25 moles of O2 are needed. Thus, to react with 4 moles of C8H18, we need 25 * (4/2) = 50 moles of O2.
if 17.3 g of ammonia is produced by the reaction of 20.2 g of nitrogen with an excess of hydrogen, what is the percent yield of the reaction?
Answers
The theoretical yield of the reaction is 17.3 g of ammonia. The percent yield of the reaction is 85.6%.
This means that 85.6% of the theoretical yield of ammonia (17.3 g) was actually produced in the reaction.
The percent yield of a reaction can be calculated by dividing the actual yield of the reaction (in grams) by the theoretical yield (in grams) and multiplying by 100%. This number is a useful metric for determining the efficiency of a reaction, as it tells us how much of the theoretical yield was actually produced in the reaction. Additionally, it can be used to compare the efficiency of different reactions, as it allows us to compare the actual yields of different reactions.
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Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
(01.01 LC)
Which of the following is usually done last in the scientific method of investigation?
1. Ask a question
2. Test with an experiment
3. Analyze data and draw conclusions
3. Do background research and 4.construct a hypothesis
Answers
Answer:
33333333333333333333333
When 16.68 grams of methane (CH4) are burned (see equation below), how many moles of oxygen gas (O2) will be used? Please round your answer to two digits after the decimal point and don't forget units and substance!
CH4 + 2 O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O
Please help me with this! thank you a bunch in advance!!
Answers
When 16.68 grams of methane (CH4) are burned. Therefore, 2.06moles of oxygen gas will be used.
What is mole?A mole is merely a measuring unit. In reality, it is one of the International System of Units' seven foundation units (SI). When basically determines are insufficient, new units are created.
Chemical reactions frequently occur at levels that use grams would be inappropriate, but using actual figures of atoms/molecules/ions could also be misleading. As a result, scientists devised the moles to bridge the divide between extremely small and extremely huge numbers.
CH[tex]_4[/tex] + 2 O[tex]_2[/tex] [tex]\rightarrow[/tex]CO[tex]_2[/tex]+ 2 H[tex]_2[/tex]O
moles of methane = 16.68 /16.04=1.03moles
the mole ratio between methane and oxygen is 1:2
mole of oxygen = 2×1.03=2.06moles
Therefore, 2.06moles of oxygen gas will be used.
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how many ml of 1.5 m naoh are required to neutralize 220 ml 0.8 m hcl? select one: a. 94.6 ml b. 144.8 ml c. 117.3 ml d. 180.1 ml
Answers
It takes 117.3 ml NaOH to neutralize 220 ml and 0.8 M HCl.
The dilution process is a process carried out by mixing a solvent that is larger than the substance it is dissolving. In principle, dilution only adds solvent, so that the number of moles of solute before dilution is the same as the number of moles of solute after dilution.
Formula:
V₁ × M₁ = V₂ × M₂
Information:
M₁ = Molarity of the solution before dissolution/dilution
V₁ = Volume of solution before dissolution/dilution
M₂ = Molarity of the solution after dissolution/dilution
V₂ = Volume molarity of the solution after dissolution/dilution
In the given question
M₁ = 1.5 M
V₂ = 220 ml
M₂ = 0.8 M
So, the required volume of NaOH is
V₁ × M₁ = V₂ × M₂
V₁ × 1.5 = 220 × 0.8
V₁ × 1.5 = 176
V₁ = 176/1.5
V₁ = 117.3 ml NaOH
So, the correct answer is C.
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This diagram shows an oceanic plate plunging beneath a continental plate at a subduction zone. Subduction in this setting causes parts of the overriding continental plate to melt into magma, which rises upward through the plate.
An example of this process can be seen at the subduction zone along the western edge of South America. The Nazca plate (oceanic) plunges beneath the South American plate (continental). As in other oceanic-continental subduction zones, this process causes magma to rise and form a volcanic arc on the overriding continental plate (not on the subducting oceanic plate). Also, a trench does indeed form in a subduction zone setting. However, the trench forms on the ocean floor where the two plates meet.
Answers
Note that the phenomenon described above is called the Volcanic Arc Formation at a Subduction Zone.
What is the Subduction Zone and what is a Volcanic Arc?A volcanic arc (also called as a magmatic arc[1]: 6.2 ) is a belt of volcanoes created above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate, with the belt organized in the shape of an arc as seen from above. Volcanic arcs often run parallel to oceanic trenches, with the arc being further away from the subducting plate than the trench.
Plate tectonic boundaries where two plates converge and one plate is shoved beneath the other are known as subduction zones. Geohazards such as earthquakes and volcanoes are the outcome of this process.
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which gases contribute to the greenhouse effect?nitrogen and heliumcarbon dioxide and methanecarbon dioxide and heliumnitrogen and methane
Answers
The gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect are carbon dioxide and methane.
What is greenhouse effect?The term "greenhouse effect" refers to the phenomenon that takes place when gases in the atmosphere of Earth capture heat from the sun. The result of this process is that the Earth is significantly warmer than it would be if its atmosphere did not exist. One of the factors that contributes to the fact that Earth is a suitable place to live is the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and ozone in the lower atmosphere are the primary greenhouse gases whose concentrations are rising.
The natural greenhouse effect on Earth is being altered as a result of human activity. The release of more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere results from the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal and oil. The amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in our atmosphere has been shown to be rising, according to observations made by NASA. An excessive amount of these greenhouse gases can cause the atmosphere of the Earth to trap more and more heat, which in turn causes the temperature of the Earth to rise.
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An element X after reacting with
Answers
Answer:
Magnesium + Hydrochloric Acid → Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen
you are conducting the acetophenetidin reaction and just finished your hot gravity filtration. you notice that you have some activated carbon in your filtrate solution. what is the best way to address this problem?
Answers
Use a fresh funnel and fresh filter paper to repeat the hot gravity filtration.
The best way to address this problem is to perform a cold gravity filtration. This will allow the activated carbon to settle at the bottom of the container, making it easier to filter out. After the cold gravity filtration, you may also want to consider running the solution through a filter paper to remove any remaining activated carbon particles. Recrystallization is accomplished using hot gravity filtration. It is specifically used to clean the sample of any insoluble contaminants. The stemless funnel is ideal for this method because it prevents crystallization on the stem of the funnel (since stemless).
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what is the poh of 2.95 m ba(oh)2 solution? is the solution neutral, acidic, or basic? the poh of the solution is: g
Answers
Three often used definitions of bases in chemistry are Arrhenius bases, Bronsted bases, and Lewis bases. pOH is equal to -log (OH-)/-log (3.67 x 10-5)/-log (4, 44).
Bases are substances that interact with acids, as stated by all definitions, and as G.-F. Rouelle initially proposed in the middle of the 18th century. In 1884, Svante Arrhenius stated that a base is a substance that, in an aqueous solution, separates into Hydroxide ions (OH). These ions can mix with hydrogen ions (H+), which are formed during the dissociation of acids, to form water in an acid-base process. Therefore, a base was a metal hydroxide, such NaOH or Ca (OH)2. Additionally, these aqueous hydroxide solutions have a few distinctive qualities. The answer is rather straightforward. The solution is basic with a pOH of 4, 44. The amount of OH (hydroxyl) ions in the solution is determined by the pOH value.
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a compound has the empirical formula c2h4s. its molecular weight is 120 g/mol. identify the molecular
Answers
The molecular formula of the compound with empirical formula C2H4S and molecular weight of 120 g/mol is C6H12S2.
The empirical formula represents the simplest ratio of atoms in a compound. It is determined from the elemental analysis of the compound. The molecular weight of the compound is the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in the molecular formula. To find the molecular formula, the molecular weight is used to determine the number of atoms in the empirical formula.
In this case, the molecular weight of 120 g/mol can be used to find the molecular formula by dividing the molecular weight by the empirical formula weight. The empirical formula weight of C2H4S is 40 g/mol, which means that the molecular formula must have a weight of three times the empirical formula weight, or 120 g/mol.
This leads to the molecular formula of C6H12S2, which has a molecular weight of 120 g/mol.
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JUST 43 PLEASE
Consider a solution contains both c5h5n and c5h5nhno3. Calculate the ratio [c5h5n]/[c5h5nhno3+] if the solution has the following pH values
Answers
The pOH expresses the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution. We can find out the value of pOH from the given values of pH.
What is pH?The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm to the base 10 of the value of hydronium ion concentration in moles per litre.
pH = -log [ H₃O⁺]
pH + pOH = 14
According to Henderson Hasselbalch equation:
pOH = pKb + log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N]
a. pOH = 14 - 4.50 = 9.5
9.5 = 9.42 + log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N]
log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N] = 0.08
[C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N] = 1.20
[C₆H₅N] / [C₆H₅NH⁺] = 0.83
b. pOH = 8.77
-0.65 = log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N]
[C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N] = 0.22
[C₆H₅N] / [C₆H₅NH⁺] = 4.54
c. pOH = 9
-0.42 = log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N]
[C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N] = 0.38
[C₆H₅N] / [C₆H₅NH⁺] = 2.63
d. pOH = 8.5
-0.92 = log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N]
log [C₆H₅NH⁺] / [C₆H₅N] = 0.12
[C₆H₅N] / [C₆H₅NH⁺] = 8.33
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