How did catholicism first come to the 13 colonies

Answer:

he Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.

What Were the Crusades?

By the end of the 11th century, Western Europe had emerged as a significant power in its own right, though it still lagged behind other Mediterranean civilizations, such as that of the Byzantine Empire (formerly the eastern half of the Roman Empire) and the Islamic Empire of the Middle East and North Africa.

However, Byzantium had lost considerable territory to the invading Seljuk Turks. After years of chaos and civil war, the general Alexius Comnenus seized the Byzantine throne in 1081 and consolidated control over the remaining empire as Emperor Alexius I.

In 1095, Alexius sent envoys to Pope Urban II asking for mercenary troops from the West to help confront the Turkish threat. Though relations between Christians in the East and West had long been fractious, Alexius’s request came at a time when the situation was improving.

In November 1095, at the Council of Clermont in southern France, the Pope called on Western Christians to take up arms to aid the Byzantines and recapture the Holy Land from Muslim control. This marked the beginning of the Crusades.

Pope Urban’s plea was met with a tremendous response, both among the military elite as well as ordinary citizens. Those who joined the armed pilgrimage wore a cross as a symbol of the Church.

The Crusades set the stage for several religious knightly military orders, including the Knights Templar, the Teutonic Knights, and the Hospitallers. These groups defended the Holy Land and protected pilgrims traveling to and from the region.

Did you know? In a popular movement known as the Children's Crusade (1212), a motley crew including children, adolescents, women, the elderly and the poor marched all the way from the Rhineland to Italy behind a young man named Nicholas, who said he had received divine instruction to march toward the Holy Land.

First Crusade (1096-99)

Four armies of Crusaders were formed from troops of different Western European regions, led by Raymond of Saint-Gilles, Godfrey of Bouillon, Hugh of Vermandois and Bohemond of Taranto (with his nephew Tancred). These groups departed for Byzantium in August 1096.

A less organized band of knights and commoners known as the “People’s Crusade” set off before the others under the command of a popular preacher known as Peter the Hermit.

Ignoring Alexius’ advice to wait for the rest of the Crusaders, Peter’s army crossed the Bosporus in early August. In the first major clash between the Crusaders and Muslims, Turkish forces crushed the invading Europeans at Cibotus.

Another group of Crusaders, led by the notorious Count Emicho, carried out a series of massacres of Jews in various towns in the Rhineland in 1096, drawing widespread outrage and causing a major crisis in Jewish-Christian relations.

When the four main armies of Crusaders arrived in Constantinople, Alexius insisted that their leaders swear an oath of loyalty to him and recognize his authority over any land regained from the Turks, as well as any other territory they might conquer. All but Bohemond resisted taking the oath.

In May 1097, the Crusaders and their Byzantine allies attacked Nicea (now Iznik, Turkey), the Seljuk capital in Anatolia. The city surrendered in late June.

The Fall of Jerusalem

Despite deteriorating relations between the Crusaders and Byzantine leaders, the combined force continued its march through Anatolia, capturing the great Syrian city of Antioch in June 1098.

After various internal struggles over control of Antioch, the Crusaders began their march toward Jerusalem, then occupied by Egyptian Fatimids (who as Shi’ite Muslims were enemies of the Sunni Seljuks).

Encamping before Jerusalem in June 1099, the Christians forced the besieged city’s governor to surrender by mid-July.

Despite Tancred’s promise of protection, the Crusaders slaughtered hundreds of men, women, and children in their victorious entrance into Jerusalem.

Second Crusade (1147-49)

Having achieved their goal in an unexpectedly short period of time after the First Crusade, many of the Crusaders departed for home. To govern the conquered territory, those who remained established four large western settlements, or Crusader states, in Jerusalem, Edessa, Antioch and Tripoli.

Guarded by formidable castles, the Crusader states retained the upper hand in the region until around 1130, when Muslim forces began gaining ground in their own holy war (or jihad) against the Christians, whom they called “Franks.”

Explanation:

the Spanish man who came to the new World to conquer the land was Herńan Cortés

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Answer:

Japan's ultimate goal in attacking Pearl Harbor was to create war with America. Tojo prepared himself for questioning by going so far as to writing down answers to questions he believed he would be asked during an interrogation. One such question related to the reasoning behind declaring war with America.

Answer:

The Japanese attack had several major aims. First, it intended to destroy important American fleet units, thereby preventing the Pacific Fleet from interfering with Japanese conquest of the Dutch East Indies and Malaya and to enable Japan to conquer Southeast Asia without interference.

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Explanation:

Answer:

United Nations Peacekeeping helps countries torn by conflict create conditions for lasting peace.  UN peacekeepers also provide security and the political and peacebuilding support to help countries make the difficult, early transition from conflict to peace.

The Given statement is describing the establishment of United Nations, because of the unsuccessful formation of League of Nations.

The need for United Nations was arise because of two reasons, firstly the failure of League of Nation in stopping second World War, secondly  the United States could not remain isolated from the world.

Hence the given statement says about UN as "Many people were concerned it would fail, after what happened at the end of World War I. But opinion in the United States had changed in those thirty years.”

Your Question is incomplete. The Complete Question is :-

Which of the three post-World War II developments (United Nations, Marshall Plan, or MacArthur’s Plan for Japan) is the speaker describing? Circle the correct answer and explain why you chose it.  

"Many people were concerned it would fail, after what happened at the end of World War I. But opinion in the United States had changed in those thirty years.”

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Answer:

Both the Incas and Aztecs believed in and worshipped the sun god. Huitzilopochtli, also spelled Uitzilopochtli, also called Xiuhpilli and Totec “Our Lord”, Aztec sun and war god, one of the two principal deities of Aztec religion, often represented in art as either a hummingbird or an eagle. And Inti, also called Apu-punchau, in Inca religion, the sun god; he was believed to be the ancestor of the Incas. Inti was at the head of the state cult, and his worship was imposed throughout the Inca empire. He was usually represented in human form, his face portrayed as a gold disk from which rays and flames extended.

 They both practiced and participated in human sacrifices. And had built large temples to do the sacrifices in and had built special temples to worship their god. The Incas and Aztecs both had a polytheistic religion meaning they only believed in one god.

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Answer: They were strong, and many states enacted laws that nullified its effect, making it worthless. In cases where the law was enforced, threats or acts of mob violence often required the dispatch of federal troops.

Explanation:

Explanation:

OK

Answer:

The Cabinet's role is to advise the President on any subject he or she may require relating to the duties of each member's respective office.

Explanation:

Answer:

Ordinary people were only following the lead, after all, of the nation's most powerful figures. The federal government was now dominated by men who considered business the lifeblood of the United States. One of the most famous remarks of the 1920s was made by President Calvin Coolidge (1872–1933; served 1923–29), who declared in a

Explanation:

hope helps brainliest

Yup to the comment

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Answer:On June 15, 1898, the Anti-imperialist league formed to fight U.S. annexation of the Philippines, citing a variety of reasons ranging from the economic to the legal to the racial to the moral.

Answer:

The answer is D. use of initiatives

hope this helps you :)

Use of initiatives, progressive reform had the effect of allowing direct democracy. Thus, option (d) is correct.

The term democracy refers to the independence. The citizen of the country are right to choose the appropriate government. The citizen is various right to freedom of the country. There are various country to well-developed and based on democracy. The citizen is main right to vote, and equal right to male and female.

The use of initiatives was the Progressive change that ultimately allowed for direct democracy. By using initiatives, which are a kind of direct democracy, voters can propose and vote on legislation or revisions to state constitutions without the help of the state government.

As a result, the significance of the Progressive reform had the effect of allowing direct democracy are the aforementioned. Therefore, option (d) is correct.

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Answer:

hey give a unique perspective into the electoral process, as well as the cares and concerns of elected officials and the American public

Explanation:

On a supply and demand graph, the demand curve generally  slopes downward from left to right. Thus option (3)is correct.

A demand of a product or a commodity is how much a consumer is willing and able to pay for a product at a given time.

The law of demand states the relationship between price and quantity demanded, ceterius paribus. It states that when the price of a product increases its demand decreases, other things remaining constant and vice versa.

The graphical representation of the law of demand is known as demand curve . When the tuition fees of a college falls then the demand for college enrollment will rise. It will lead to upward movement along the demand curve of the college enrollment.

On a supply and demand graph, the demand curve generally  slopes downward from left to right. Therefore, option (3) is correct.

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Answer:

Modern Texas agriculture evolved from the agriculture of prehistoric Texans and agricultural practices transferred from Europe, Asia, and Africa. Crops native to North America included the food staples corn, beans, and squash, and such diverse vegetables as tomatoes, "Irish" potatoes, chili peppers, yams, peanuts, and pumpkins. Spanish colonists introduced wheat, oats, barley, onions, peas, watermelons, and domestic animals, including cattle, horses, and hogs. Most agriculture before the Civil War involved small, subsistence family farms. The great majority of people were nonslaveholders. Germans established small farms and communities such as New Braunfels, Brenham, and Boerne. Czechs settled heavily in Fayette and Brazos counties. Other settlers streamed in from the South and Midwest and spread across the Blackland Prairies and Cross Timbers of north central Texas by 1860. Advanced cultivation practices, improved plant varieties, the mechanization of agriculture, and the greater availability of capital contributed to both higher yields and increased acreage in cultivation. Bonanza farming and large-scale cattle operations, often funded by foreign investors, developed in Texas in the 1880s. Many of these ventures failed in the depression of the 1890s. New corporate operations developed intermittently after 1900. After the Civil War falling prices, high credit and transportation costs, and after 1893 a national depression, precipitated farm organization and revolt. Although some farmers in the state joined the Grange (the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry), first established in 1867 in the Midwest, Texas participation in that group was weak. The Grange sought to impose state regulation on railroad freight rates and grain-elevator charges, to lower credit costs and put more money in circulation, and to reduce tariffs on nonfarm products. Texas farmers began to seek these measures through their own association, the Farmers' Alliance, which originated in Lampasas County in 1872. Under the leadership of Charles W. Macune, the Texas Farmers' Alliance embraced the Grange objectives and stressed the development of farm cooperatives.

The merger of the Texas Farmers' Alliance and the Louisiana Farmers' Union in January 1887 resulted in the creation of the National Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union of America (better known as the Southern Alliance). This organization grew rapidly throughout the South and into the Midwest. The independent Colored Farmers' Alliance and Cooperative Union was organized in Houston in 1886. These organizations, like the Northern Farmers' Alliance, advocated paper money as legal tender, the unlimited coinage of silver, government control or ownership of railroads and telegraph systems, lower tariffs, a graduated income tax, the Australian or secret ballot, and the direct election of United States senators, as well as expanded public education. The Alliance movement, in turn, led to the organization of a national farmers' political party called the People's party of America or Populist party. Although the party generally failed to achieve its objectives, by the time of its demise after 1896 Populism had began to influence the programs of the major political parties.

Explanation:

• the value of farm goods and changes in

farming costs

• the effects of the law of supply and

demand on farmers

Answer:

louis armstrong

Explanation:

Answer:

Answer:

Hitler and the Nazis

Explanation:

Because they saw that the jews had threatened the racial purity

Answer:Unlike earlier immigrants, who mainly came from northern and western Europe, the "new immigrants" came largely from southern and eastern Europe. Largely Catholic and Jewish in religion, the new immigrants came from the Balkans, Italy, Poland, and Russia.

Explanation:

Answer: D

Explanation: All companies listed are major businesses