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Inter-species competition is when multiple species use the same resource in different ways or at different times.

When two species can not exist at indefinite at same niches. The multiple species are use the same resources in a different ways or different time. After primary succession has occurred then species is the first to colonize the area.

When organisms of two same species use the limited resources and have a negative impact on each other,then it is known as competition.There are some examples or species which compete for resources such as sharks, dolphins,seabirds ,etc they all are same type of fish in ocean ecosystem.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The articulating surfaces of fibrous joints are kept together by thick regular connective tissue.

During cardiac arrest the AHA direct healthcare providers obtain 12-leads ECG immediately after the return of spontaneous circulation to identify those patients with ST- segment myocardial infarction or new or presumably new bundle branch block.

12-leas electrocardiography use which perform to diagnose ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. It is a medical test that recorded using leads or nodes which attached to the body. Vasopressin should be effective in patients of cardiac arrest after the treatment.

ECGs captured the electrical activity of heart and transfer it to graphed paper. Use to diagnose cardiovascular disease ,acute myocardial infarction in clinics and hospital based practice.

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After incubation, the antibiotic extends to the agar beyond the zone of inhibition, but in lower concentrations, indicating that the microorganism can grow in small concentrations of the tested drug.

It is one of the simplest, most reliable and most used susceptibility methods in microbiology laboratories. Its basic principle is the diffusion of the antimicrobial on the surface of the agar, from a disc impregnated with the same antimicrobial.

The agar disk diffusion test was described in 1966 by Bauer and Kirby. It is one of the simplest and most reliable sensitivity methods. It is performed by dispensing the antimicrobial discs onto the agar plate after applying the bacterial inoculum with approximately 1 to 2 x 10 CFU/mL.

With this information, we can conclude that The purpose of the disk diffusion method is to assess the sensitivity or resistance of a microorganism to a particular antimicrobial agent.

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The location of an allele on a homologous chromosome is the same, but the allele information may be different

For genes with the same corresponding loci, homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs that are roughly the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern. The organism inherits one homologous chromosome from its mother and the other from its father.

The same genes are found in the same places all along the length of homologous chromosomes, which are paired together. A diploid organism has a full set of chromosomes since each homologous chromosome is inherited in one copy from each parent. A homologous set of chromosomes are identical in size and form and are highly similar to one another.

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When a hairpin loop forms in the nascent mRNA: The hairpin will destabilize the interaction and possibly lead to  transcriptional termination.

Transcription in prokaryotes like E. coli is terminated either by a rho-dependent process or a rho-independent process. Intrinsic termination is controlled by the specific sequences of RNA .

When the termination process starts, the transcribed mRNA forms a stable secondary structural hairpin loop, also known as a stem-loop. Several uracil nucleotides follow this RNA hairpin. The uracil and adenine connections are exceedingly weak. NusA, a protein attached to RNA polymerase, attaches to the stem-loop structure so firmly that it momentarily stalls the polymerase.

The polymerase is pausing at the same time that the poly-uracil sequence is being transcribed. The RNA-DNA duplex can unwind and separate from the RNA polymerase because the weak adenine-uracil interactions reduce the energy of destabilization for the RNA-DNA duplex. Overall, transcription is terminated by the modified RNA structure.

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Aristotle

According to Aristotle "Happiness is the meaning and purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence"

Happiness is a life that is being well led through virtue, living well and acting well.

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Answer:

Immune tolerance

Explanation:

The morphological trait that shows the most variation among organisms exhibiting protostome development is the type of body cavity.

Protostomes are animals having bilateral symmetry in which the mouth is developed before the anus.

The organisms (protostomes) represent the main classification feature of animals according to the type of embryo development.

The genetic analysis of molecular sequences has shown that protostomes emerged first in the evolution in the animal kingdom.

Protostomes include diverse groups of animals such as annelids, nematodes, arthropods,  mollusks, flatworms, etc.

In conclusion, the morphological trait that shows the most variation among protostomes is the type of body cavity.

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Most cytochrome p450 enzymes can alter the activity of drugs by oxidizing them.

The cytochrome p450 enzyme is a family of monooxygenases that act during the electron transport chain of the process of cellular respiration.

This enzyme (cytochrome p450 enzyme) is able to oxide different types of molecules such as lipids and steroids during oxide reduction (redox) chemical reactions.

The inhibition of the activity of the cytochrome p450 enzyme can alter cellular activity, thereby the cell cannot survive.

In conclusion, most cytochrome p450 enzymes can alter the activity of drugs by oxidizing them.

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The force that is shown by the muscular strength of the fiqure skater is the gravitational force.

The solar system is composed of the sun and the planets. The sun is at the center of the solar system and it is surrounded by the planets. There are nine planets that surround the sun in the solar system and the planets move round the sun in concentric orbits.

We know that the solar system is held together by the gravitational force that acts between the sun and the planets. This is why the solar system is said to  be heliocentric.

Coming back to our analogy in the question, the skater is being used as a model for understanding the solar system. Thus, the force that is shown by the muscular strength of the fiqure skater is the gravitational force.

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Lemurs are prosimians and some of them are nocturnal while others are diurnal.

Prosimians

Prosimians are primates that include lemurs, lorisoids, galagos, etc. They are considered less developed compared to primates such as humans, apes, and monkeys. The advanced primates are called simians. They are mostly nocturnal but some are diurnal. They are mostly tree-dwellers and have a keen sense of smell. Their sense of smell is greater than their sense of vision. They have long snouts and moist noses.

Lemurs

Lemurs belong to the prosimians and they have a large diversity of diurnal and nocturnal. Some others are cathemeral as they can stay active both day and night. The cathemeral lemurs can show variation as the season changes. As such changes are often affected by the availability of food and the weather.

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From the table, we can see that;  1 = beta; 2 = alpha, 3 = gamma. Option A

Radiation is a form of energy that can not be seen. We know that beta radiation can be stopped by such things as a piece of cloth while alpha particles can be stopped by an aluminums foil. Also, gamma rays can only be stopped by thick concrete or lead.

Hence; we can conclude that; 1 = beta; 2 = alpha, 3 = gamma. Option A.

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Samir should work on his communication and presenting skills in the language to become more effective at participating in a formal discussion.

A group discussion is a conversation about a certain subject among a number of people. Be confident, relevant to the issue, considerate of others, and use good, clear English when speaking during a group conversation.

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The most ideal parameters for optimal glucose production are insulin sensitivity SI, glucose effectiveness SG, insulin action p2 and the volume of distribution of glucose V.

Insulin, glucagon, and hepatocyte-derived factors are used in these activities. Gut: Hormones are released in the gut in response to nutrition intake. These hormones affect hunger, stomach emptying, glucose production, and glucose elimination.

After eating, the beta cells release insulin into the bloodstream as your blood glucose levels rise. In order for glucose to enter muscle, fat, and liver cells, insulin works as a key to unlocking those cells. The majority of the cells in your body use glucose, lipids, and amino acids (the components of protein) as fuel.

By converting glycogen into glucose, a process known as glycogenolysis, the liver produces sugar or glucose. Additionally, the liver may produce the sugar or glucose that is required by harvesting amino acids, waste, and fat.

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Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record, it is estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages around 25 mya.

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Answer:

when altitude increase the temprature become low,so that most of higher mountains usually covered by ice

Answer:

the more you go upwards the more temperature will decrease because the amount of oxygen will decrease and about eh low altitude have warm air because the air inside is hot due to the layer of earth with is extremely hot

Metabolic acidosis is when the kidneys produce too much hydrogen or retain too much hydrogen which leads to an increase in carbonic acid production. Or the kidneys excrete too much base.

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the source of the filtrate is Loop of Henle.

The Henle loop is surrounded by tissue fluid with a high ion concentration. Osmosis causes water to move out of the descending limb. As a result of the more concentrated filtrate, ions move out of the loop in the thin ascending limb.

The nephron consists of a single long tubule and a ball of capillaries called the glomerulus. Using hydrostatic pressure, plasma is forced through the walls of the glomerulus, becoming filtrate as it crosses, and then collecting within Bowman's capsule. The fluid that enters vertebrate nephrons is called the filtrate.

A million nephrons are the filtering units of the human kidney, which is a complex and highly vascular organ. Each filters water and solutes from the blood that flows through it into the surrounding space and is the cavity between the cup's walls. The other part resembles a U-shaped loop that transports the filtered fluid deep into the medulla.

The primary function of the Nephron is to flush out waste products from the blood, which include solid waste and other excesses. This blood is transformed into urine through secretion and excretion.

The nephron, a basic structural unit of the kidney, is a microscopic structure composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.

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Answer: Sedimentary

Explanation: As a result of which the sediments are accumulated over one another, forming layers. These sediments over a due course of time undergoes compaction and solidification due to the weight of the overlying rocks

According to the research, the central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord (c).

It is made up of the brain and spinal cord, these are the main information and control centers of the body.

The brain is the organ contained within the skull, which integrates and controls all the functions of the body, from the sensory, motor and integrative part.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord (c).

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High efficiency particulate arrestor is a type of air filter that can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, mold, bacteria, and any airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns. The HEPA filter does not remove vapors or gases.

HEPA air purifiers have some level of activated carbon-based material to absorb odors and chemicals .HEPA filters claim to remove particles like dust, allergens and mold spores from the air. HEPA filters are made by haphazardly arranging the polypropylene or fiberglass fibers (between 0.5 and 2.0 µm). While sometimes the fibers are arranged in a mess, the fibers can pass air through and trap some of the particles.

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Interphase and mitosis are the two main phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle where the cells spends most of time as well as as its metabolic energy.

The cell cycle involves the different stages which a cell goes through as it grows and divides in order to form new cells. Cell cycle requires metabolic energy as well as the availability of nutrients. In eukaryotes, this cycle is basically divided into interphase and mitosis.

The interphase can be subdivided into G1, S and G2 phases. The cell spends most of its time in this stage. It involves the duplication of the nuclear DNA which is present in the cell and during this stage the cell grows in size. No division of the cell takes place during interphase. This stage is succeeded by mitosis. This stage involves the division of the cell, that is, the single eukaryotic cell divides and results in the formation of two daughter cells which are genetically identical to their parent cell.

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Associations that were detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity is shown below;

Further result from the study of Amber L. Pearson et al., (2020) reveal that the outcome for the mouth microbiome, she shows that a little effect of percent trees was seen on diversity and Clay loam soil was said to be negatively and positively associated or linked with rectum microbiome diversity, when liken to loam soil.

The study reveals that  no potential indicator taxon among NDVI quartiles was found and further research is needed.

Work citation

Amber L. Pearson, Jennifer Pechal, Zihan Lin, M. Eric Benbow, Carl Schmidt, Suzanne Mavoa,  (2020) Associations detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity, science direct, page 1-29.

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The correct option is (e) sensory neuron to motor neuron, responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response.

The central nervous system receives the excitation from a sensory neuron that has been stimulated by its nociceptors. Notably, these fibres deliver excitement to the sensory neuron's cell body, which is located in the spinal cord's dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neuron in the dorsal root ganglion transmits excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) to motor neurons and interneurons after receiving the action potential from these fibres.

By releasing neurotransmitters into the central nervous system, the sensory neuron does this. Excited somatic motor neurons contract and depolarize the targeted muscles to complete the withdrawal reflex. The motor neuron, which leaves the spinal cord and enters the peripheral nervous system, is where this depolarization travels.

Therefore, sensory neuron to motor neuron is responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response.

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In divergent boundaries, plates separate from each other and new crust is created between them. The boundary these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate is the divergent boundary.

I. Divergent

A new crust is created by the rising molten materials coming from the mantle.

Two plates separate, and a stream of hot material creates a new seabed between them. It occurs in an expansion of the sea bottom.

As old plates get separated, new and young crust instantaneously gets formed. The emerging mantle occupies the space left by the separation of the two plates.

II. Convergent.

When two plates move forward to each other, they end up colliding and causing the deformation of one or both plates.

Three possible collisions might occur,

• Two oceanic plates might collide ⇒ subduction

• Two continental plates might collide ⇒ obduction

• Oceanic plate and continental plates collide ⇒ Subduction

III. Transforming.

The plates slide laterally with each other, and they are usually called faults.

It is associated, in general, with the oceanic ridge, although it might also occur on the continental plate.

In the exposed example, the African plate is splitting up into two parts, meaning these two parts are separating from each other. A new seabed is created between the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate.

Since these plates are also separating from the Arabian Plate, we can also assume a new seabed is emerging between them.

The boundary these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate is the divergent boundary. Plates are separating from each other. They are not converging nor sliding.  

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Based on the information given, the two new plates (Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate) are moving away from each other, which suggests that they share a divergent boundary. Additionally, both plates are also moving away from the Arabian Plate, which suggests that they share another divergent boundary with the Arabian Plate. Therefore, both the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate share a divergent boundary with each other and the Arabian Plate.

Plant tissue is groups of organized cells of similar structure that perform a collective function.

The pancreas and stomach of the human digestive tract can be classified as endocrine glands since they produce hormones.

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The next eclipse in the Saros cycle will be at 22nd of August 2017.

Eclipse is an astronomical phenomenon marked by the total or partial darkening of a star due to the passage of some celestial body in front of a light source. There are two categories of eclipse: the solar eclipse and the lunar eclipse.

With that being said it is possible to notice that all eclipses are happening with an interval of 18 years. So as the last eclipse was in 1999, the next one will be in 2017. As for the day, it is possible to notice that they are happening 11 days after the last one. So as the last one was in 11th of August, the next one will be in 22nd of August.

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The filtrate is first refined and concentrated by the processes of reabsorption and secretion, which form the urine that leaves the body.

The glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule restores necessary substances to your blood while removing waste. The glomerulus is nestled within a region of the kidney called the Bowman's Capsule. This is where filtration occurs. The high pressure causes some substances to pass through the capillary walls when blood is forced through the tiny capillaries. The walls serve as a filter or sieve. This is how the function of the nephron. A glomerulus filters your blood, while a tubule restores necessary substances to your circulation while removing extra waste. Each nephron has both of these functions.

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