For the reaction given in Part A, ΔS∘rxn 25.0 J/K . What is the standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction, ΔG∘rxn∘? Express your answer numerically in kilojoules.

E. Carboxyl. Amino acids contain a carboxyl group, which is an acidic functional group.

This group contains a COOH group, which is composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom. When in solution, the carboxyl group will donate a hydrogen ion, making it acidicCarboxyl is a functional group in organic chemistry composed of a carbonyl group (C=O) with a hydroxyl group (O-H). It is found in many organic compounds such as amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates. Carboxyl groups are responsible for the acids found in many organic compounds, and they can also act as a source of energy for many metabolic reactions. They are also involved in the formation of hydrogen bonds, which is essential for the formation of proteins and other biological molecules.

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complete question: Amino acids are acids because they always possess which functional group?

A. Phosphate B. Hydroxyl C. Amino D. Carbonyl E. Carboxyl

The half ionic equation is as follows:

A half-equation shows you what happens at one of the electrodes during electrolysis. Electrons are shown as e.

A half-equation is balanced by adding, or taking away, a number of electrons equal to the total number of charges on the ions in the equation.

An ionic equation is a chemical equation in which the electrolytes in aqueous solution are expressed as dissociated ions.

According to this question, an ionic reaction occurs between lead and silver nitrate to produce lead nitrate and silver.

The half ionic equation of the reaction is represented above.

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The goodyear blimp is filled with 5.74 X 10^6 liters of Helium at STP. 256 × 10⁶ moles of helium.

The term mole is defined as the amount of a substance that includes the same number of elementary particles that are ions, molecules, or atoms as the number of atoms present in carbon.

One mole of any substance is equal to the 6.023 x 10²³ particles.

6.023 x 10²³ particles (1 mole) of any gas contains 22.4 Liters at STP. No matter what gas it is. The quantity 22.4 Liters is called the molar volume of a gas.

Therefore,

= 5.74 × 10⁶ liters of Helium 1mole / 22.4 litres

= 0.256 × 10⁶

Thus, The goodyear blimp is filled with 5.74 X 10^6 liters of Helium at STP 256 × 10⁶ moles of helium.

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The empirical formula of a compound found to contain 26.56% potassium, 35.41% chromium, and the remainder oxygen is K₂Cr₂O₇.

The term an Empirical formula is defined as the chemical formula of a compound that gives the ratios of the elements present in the compound but not the actual numbers or arrangement of atoms.

The number of mole of each element in the compound can be identified by dividing each element's percentage with their respective molar weights:

Potassium K = 26.56%

= 26.56 / 39.1        

= 0.68

Chromium, Cr = 35.41%                

= 35.41/52

= 0.68

Oxygen,

O = 100 - 26.56+35.41                      

= 38.03/16

= 2.38

Divide each number of moles by the smallest.

K = 0.68/0.68  

= 1                                                            

Cr = 0.68/0.68

= 1    

O = 2.38/0.68

= 3.5      

Thus, the empirical formula would be KCrO₃.₅

Multiply all by 2 to remove the fraction:

Then the empirical formula would be K₂Cr₂O₇.

Thus, the empirical formula of a compound found to contain 26.56% potassium, 35.41% chromium, and the remainder oxygen is K₂Cr₂O₇.

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The given reaction proceeds faster in the presence of manganese oxide.

catalyst:

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a reaction without causing a permanent chemical or quantitative change. This is done by lowering the activation energy or going through another reaction pathway.

Activation energy:

The minimum energy above the normal energy that molecules must acquire when they collide to react with each other is known as the activation energy.

This reaction is carried out in the presence of acetanilide. Here, a low activation energy means a fast reaction.

Diploma:

A given reaction will proceed faster in the presence of manganese oxide because the activation energy for the reaction is lower in the presence of manganese oxide than in the presence of acetanilide. 

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Calculating for mass given moles:

Generally: [tex]n=\frac{n}{M} }[/tex]

Rearranging the equation we get:

[tex]m=nM[/tex]

1. Finding the molar mass of a compound

[tex]1(12.0g/mol) +4(1.01g/mol) = 16.05g/mol[/tex]

2. Insert the known values and solve

[tex]m=(0.10mol)(16.05g/mol)[/tex]

[tex]m=1.60 g[/tex]

Reacting metals with hot hydrochloric acid (HCl) can produce hazardous and potentially explosive gas releases, and it can also cause the release of harmful fumes. Therefore, it is not a good idea to use hot hydrochloric acid in this type of experiment without proper safety measures and equipment.

Additionally, the reaction of metals with hydrochloric acid can produce different products depending on the metal, which could make the results of the experiment difficult to interpret or unreliable.

It is important to carefully consider the potential hazards and limitations of any experimental design, and to take appropriate safety precautions when conducting experiments that involve reactive chemicals. Before conducting any experiment, it is advisable to consult with a knowledgeable individual and to thoroughly research the potential risks and safety considerations involved.

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When a large enough electric field is applied to an insulator, the electric field can cause the electrons in the atoms of the insulator to become separated from their nuclei. This process is called ionization, and it results in the formation of ions, which are atoms or molecules that have lost or gained electrons and have a net electrical charge.

In the case of lightning discharges, the electric field created by the buildup of static electricity in the atmosphere can be extremely high, reaching several million volts per meter. When this electric field is applied to the air, which is an insulator, it can cause ionization of the nitrogen and oxygen molecules in the air. The ions created by this process are free to move and carry an electric current, allowing the electric discharge to occur.

So, in summary, the ionization of an insulator due to the application of an electric field occurs because the electric field can separate electrons from their nuclei, forming ions that are free to move and carry an electric current. This process is what allows lightning discharges to occur through the air.

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The model could not explain the reason because of which how alpha particles could be deflected at large angles.

Rutherford demonstrate that J.J Thompson's Plum Pudding model was not accurate and did not provide accurate results.

Rutherford made a theory that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus.

This was famous Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment. He actually bombarded thin foil of gold with positive alpha particles which are helium atom particles and it totally consist of two protons and two neutrons.  

Rutherford observed the deflection of alpha particles on the photographic film. It notices that most of alpha particles passed straight through foil.

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The average rate of all 3 experimental run is [tex]2.38 \times 10^{-6} \text { M/s}[/tex] , [tex]3.98 \times 10^{-6} \text { M/s}[/tex] and [tex]6.04 \times 10^{-6} \text { M/s}[/tex].

Run 1st Exp.

The average rate

[tex]\frac{ \text { 0.00125 M} }{ \left ( \text { 8 minutes } \times \text { 60 seconds/minute } \right ) + \text { 45 seconds } } = 2.38 \times 10^{-6} \text { M/s}[/tex]

Run 2nd Exp.

The average rate

[tex]\frac{ \text { 0.00125 M} }{ \left ( \text { 5 minutes } \times \text { 14 seconds/minute } \right ) + \text { 45 seconds } } = 3.98 \times 10^{-6} \text { M/s}[/tex]

Run 3rd Exp.

The average rate

[tex]\frac{ \text { 0.00125 M} }{ \left ( \text { 3 minutes } \times \text { 27 seconds/minute } \right ) + \text { 45 seconds } } = 6.04 \times 10^{-6} \text { M/s}[/tex]

The average rate in chemistry refers to the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place. It is defined as the change in the concentration of a reactant or product over time. The average rate is calculated by dividing the change in concentration by the time elapsed during the reaction.

The average rate can also be used to compare the reaction rates of different chemical reactions. For example, if two reactions have the same change in concentration of a reactant, but one reaction takes twice as long as the other, then the reaction that takes less time will have a higher average rate. It is important to note that the average rate of a reaction can change over time, especially if the reaction involves multiple steps.

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The amount of heat needed to melt 165 g of ice (H₂O) and bring it to a temperature of 87.1 °C is 115 kJ.

The mass = 165 h

The final temperature, T = 87.1 °C

The heat of fusion , ΔH = 333 J/g

The heat is as follows :

q melt = 165 × 333

           = 5.50 × 10⁴ J

The equation is :

q₂ = m c ΔT

q₂ = 165 ×4.184 × ( 87.1 - 0)

     = 6.01 × 10⁴ J

The total heat required for the process is as :

q = q melt + q₂

q = 5.50 × 10⁴ J + 6.01 × 10⁴ J

q  = 1.15 × 10⁵ J = 115 kJ

This question is incomplete the complete question is :

calculate the amount of heat needed to melt 165 g of ice (H₂O) and bring it to a temperature of 87.1 °C . be sure your answer has a unit symbol and the correct number of significant digits.

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Answer:

The solution density will decrease because the volume is the same but the mass is less

Explanation:

Density=mass÷voulme

Malhomme will catch Blonde in a car chase at time 3 hours and distance 468 km.            

The distance travelled divided by the time passed represents an object's average speed. Average velocity can be calculated by dividing the displacement by the time. Velocity is a vector quantity. The average velocity has the following form for the unique case of straight line motion in the x direction:

From the definition, it can be inferred that the units for velocity are metres per second or, more generally, any distance unit over any time unit.

By taking the limit as the time interval gets smaller and smaller, you can get close to an expression for the instantaneous velocity at any point along the path.

At first Blonde has a 24-km lead, so at t = 0  he is at 24 km

and in the rest of the hours we can simply add the velocity.

At

t(hours)     D(Blonde)   D(Malhomme )  

   0                 24                      0

   1                  172                    156

   2                 320                   312

   3                 468                   468

   4                  616                    624

Thus, Malhomme will catch Blonde in a car chase at time 3 hours and distance 468.                  

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Nuclear energy production generates radioactive waste as a byproduct. The waste can come in various forms, such as spent nuclear fuel, contaminated equipment, and soil. The radioactive waste is highly toxic and must be managed carefully to minimize the risk of harm to human health and the environment.

There are several options for disposing of radioactive waste, but none of them is perfect. The most common options include:

Deep geological repositories: This involves burying the waste in deep underground mines. This is considered to be the safest option as the waste is isolated from the biosphere.

Surface disposal: This involves storing the waste temporarily on the surface of the Earth until a permanent disposal solution is found. This is a relatively simple and cheap solution, but it is not ideal as the waste is vulnerable to theft and accidental release.

Reprocessing: This involves separating the waste into its component parts to recover valuable materials and reduce the volume of waste. This is a controversial option as it creates additional radioactive waste and increases the risk of nuclear weapons proliferation.

Long-term storage: This involves storing the waste in specially designed facilities until the radioactivity has declined to safe levels. This is a simple solution, but it requires the waste to be stored for hundreds of thousands of years, which is a long time for human societies to manage.

Each option has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of disposal method depends on many factors, such as the type and amount of waste, the availability of suitable disposal sites, and the local political and social context.

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This mixture is not saturated. Considering that CuSO4 has a solubility of 1.38 mol/L, adding 26.4 g of CuSO4 to 250 g of water would provide a concentration of 0.33 mol/L, which is less than CuSO4's solubility.

Concentration is the ability to focus on a single task or activity and block out distractions. It requires the individual to pay attention and commit to a task, ignoring outside influences and irrelevant stimuli.

By developing the ability to concentrate, individuals can enhance their productivity and improve their performance in both academic and professional settings.

Concentration also allows individuals to better engage with material, understand its complexity, and remember the information for longer periods of time. It is a skill that can be developed and improved with practice, as well as by creating a healthy environment to focus in.

This could include limiting distractions, setting aside dedicated times for studying or working, and breaking down complex tasks into smaller, more manageable chunks.

Therefore, With the right strategies and habits, individuals can significantly improve their concentration, and in turn, increase their success.

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Triose phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate through an intermediate with a carbon-carbon double bond is the correction is a) True.

The Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) will converted to the glyceradehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) by the enzyme called as the  triose phosphate isomerase.  this enzyme will catalyzes the isomerization of the three-carbon sugar into the another three-carbon sugar. as the molecular formulas of the DHAP and the G3P are the same, that the reason that they are isomers of the each other.

The trio Phosphate Isomers will  catalyzes the transfer of the hydrogen atom from the carbon 1 to other carbon 2.

This question is incomplete, the complete question is :

Triose phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate through an intermediate with a carbon-carbon double bond ?

a) True

b) False

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75.46 milliliters of 0.1681 m BaOH₂ are needed to titrate 26.91 ml of 0.4714 m HCl to the equivalence point.

Equivalence point is a point in titration at which the amount of titrant added is just enough to completely neutralize the analyte solution. At the equivalence point in an acid-base titration,

moles of base = moles of acid and

the solution only contains salt and water.

1 mole of barium hydroxide will neutralize 2 moles of HCl.

Let V ml of 0.1681 M barium hydroxide is required to neutralize 26.91 mL of 0.4714 M HCl.

Then,

0.1681M × V = 0.4714M×26.91mL

V = 75.46 mL

The volume required is 75.46 mL.

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The correct option is C. The density of an irregularly shaped object weighs 1.09 g/mL.

Mass = 15.324 g

The volume of the object = final volume - initial volume

= 34.8 mL - 20.8 mL

= 14 mL

Now use:

density = mass/volume

= 15.324 g / 14 mL

= 1.09 g/mL

Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is the substance's mass in line with a unit of volume. The symbol most usually used for density is ρ (the decreased case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter D also can be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by using extent:

The density of cloth varies with temperature and stress. this alteration is commonly small for solids and liquids but a great deal more for gases. increasing the stress on an object decreases the volume of the object and for that reason increases its density. increasing the temperature of a substance (with a few exceptions) decreases its density by growing its volume. In maximum substances, heating the bottom of fluid results in convection of the heat from the bottom to the top, because of the lower density of the heated fluid, which reasons it to rise relative to the denser unheated fabric.

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Complete Question:

Calculate the density of an irregularly shaped object that weighs 15.324 g. The volume of the object was measured through displacement. The initial volume in the graduated cylinder was 20.8 mL and the final volume was 34.8 mL.

A).0.914g/ml

B).0.737g/ml

C).1.09g/ml

D).0.440g/ml

The initial rate of formation of product c is 0.1008 M/s.

The rate of formation of product c in a chemical reaction can be determined by using the rate law. The rate law is an equation that describes the relationship between the rate of the reaction and the concentrations of the reactants involved in the reaction. In this case, the rate law is given as rate = k[a][b], where,

Given the initial concentrations of reactants "a" and "b" are both 0.42 M, and the value of the rate constant, k, is 1.2 x 10^-3 s^-1, we can calculate the initial rate of formation of product "c" as follows:

rate = k[a][b] = (1.2 x 10^-3 s^-1)(0.42 M)(0.42 M)

= 0.1008 M/s.

So the initial rate of formation of product "c" is 0.1008 M/s.

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The complete question is:

What is the initial rate of formation of product "c" in a reaction where the initial concentrations of reactants "a" and "b" are both 0.42 M, given the rate law: rate = k[a][b], and the value of the rate constant, k, is 1.2 x 10^-3 s^-1?

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131 mL of the original volume should be diluted with 131 mL - 49.0 mL = 82.0 mL of water to obtain the desired concentration.

What is volume?

Volume is a measure of the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object or substance. It is typically measured in cubic units, such as cubic centimeters (cm^3), cubic meters (m^3), or milliliters (mL).

To solve this problem, we need to first calculate the amount of CuCl2 in 49.0 mL of the original solution, and then determine the volume that should be added to dilute the solution to this concentration.

First, let's calculate the amount of CuCl2 in 49.0 mL of the original solution. Using the concentration of the solution (7.95 mM), we can calculate the number of moles of CuCl2 in 49.0 mL of the solution:

(7.95 mM) * (49.0 mL) * (10^-3 L/mL) = 0.388 moles CuCl2

Next, we can use the moles of CuCl2 to calculate the mass in grams:

0.388 moles * (134.45 g/mol) = 51.99 g

So, 49.0 mL of the original solution contains 51.99 g of CuCl2.

Next, we want to find the volume that should be added to dilute the solution to a concentration such that 49.0 mL of the diluted solution contains 4.56 g of CuCl2. We can use the formula:

C1V1 = C2V2

where C1 is the concentration of the original solution, V1 is the volume of the original solution, C2 is the concentration of the diluted solution, and V2 is the volume of the diluted solution. Rearranging the formula to solve for V2:

V2 = (C1V1) / C2

Plugging in the known values:

V2 = (7.95 mM * 49.0 mL) / (4.56 g / (49.0 mL))

Converting the concentration from mM to g/mL:

V2 = (7.95 mM * 49.0 mL) / (4.56 g / (49.0 mL)) = (7.95 * 10^-3 * 49.0) / (4.56 / 49.0)

V2 = 49.0 mL * (7.95 * 10^-3) / (4.56 / 49.0 g/mL) = 49.0 mL * (7.95 * 10^-3) * (49.0 g/mL) / 4.56 g

V2 = 49.0 mL * 7.95 * 10^-3 * 49.0 / 4.56 = 49.0 mL * 3.52

So, 131 mL of the original volume should be diluted with 131 mL - 49.0 mL = 82.0 mL of water to obtain the desired concentration.

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The concentration of a solution is expressed in terms of molarity. The quantity of moles of solute (the substance dissolved) per liter of solution is known as molarity, often referred to as molar concentration. The concentration of H₂SO₄ is 0.095 M.

M, sometimes known as a molar, stands for molarity. When one gram of solute dissolves in one liter of solution, the solution has a molarity of one. Since the solvent and solute combine to form a solution in a solution, the total volume of the solution is measured.

The balanced chemical equation is:

H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Number of moles of NaOH used = Molarity × volume

n = 0.1147 M × 33.09 mL

n = 3.7954 mol

one mole of H₂SO₄ reacts with two moles of NaOH. Therefore,

Number of moles of H₂SO₄ = 3.7954 ÷ 2 = 1.8977 mol

Volume of H₂SO₄ = 20.00 mL

Concentration of H₂SO₄ = Number of moles ÷ volume

C = 1.8977 mol / 20.00 = 0.09488 M

0.09488 M ≈ 0.095 M

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The statement which is not correct is the correct option is 1 mole of Cl₂ has 35.45 g of Cl.

The number of the moles is expressed as :

The number of moles = mass / molar mass

Where,

The moles of the chlorine molecule = 1 mole

The molar mass of the Cl = 35.45 g/mol

The molar mass of the Cl₂ = 2 × 35.45

The molar mass of the Cl₂ = 71 g

The mass of the chlorine = moles × molar mass

The mass of the chlorine = 1 mol × 71 g/mol

The mass of the chlorine = 71 g

Thus the grams of the chlorine molecule present in the 1 mole of the chlorine molecule is 71 g.

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7.71×10¹¹g of Sodium Chloride are present in 8 x 10³³ particles. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is indeed an ionic compound.

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is indeed an ionic compound with the chemical name (NaCl), signifying a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. Sodium chloride is the salt chiefly responsible for seawater saltiness and the interstitial matrix of numerous multicellular organisms.

In its edible form, table salt, it is extensively employed as a condiment as well as food preservative. Massive volumes of NaCl are employed in a variety of industrial processes and serve as a primary source of salt and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks in subsequent chemical synthesis.

mole = number of atoms/  6.022×10²³

        =8 x 10³³/ 6.022×10²³

       =1.32×10¹⁰mole

mass =1.32×10¹⁰×58.44

         =7.71×10¹¹g

Therefore, 7.71×10¹¹g of Sodium Chloride are present in 8 x 10³³ particles.

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340 grams of K₂Cr₂O₇ is used, the theoretical yield of potassium would be 78.2 grams.

Potassium can be extracted from potassium dichromate ( K₂Cr₂O₇ ) by reducing it with a metal, such as aluminum or zinc.

K₂Cr₂O₇ + 6Al + 14H⁺ → 2 Cr³⁺ + 3K⁺ + 7 H₂O + 6 Al³⁺

or

K₂Cr₂O₇ + 14H⁺ + 6Zn → 2 Cr³⁺ + 3K⁺ + 7 H₂O + 6 Zn²⁺

The number of grams of potassium that can be extracted from 340 grams of  K₂Cr₂O₇ depends on the stoichiometry of the reaction and the amount of reducing agent used. However, assuming a complete reaction, it is possible to calculate the theoretical yield of potassium.

In this case, one mole of K₂Cr₂O₇ yields 2 moles of potassium ions, so the number of grams of potassium produced can be calculated using the formula:

grams of K = 2 moles K × 39.1 g/mol = 78.2 g

Therefore, if 340 grams of K₂Cr₂O₇ is used, the theoretical yield of potassium would be 78.2 grams.

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--The given question is incorrect, the correct question is

"How many grams of  theoretical yield of Potassium can be extracted from 340 grams of K2Cr2O7?"--

Our atmosphere contains 78 percent nitrogen, but plants can only utilise it once microorganisms have changed it.

Nitrogen (N2) makes up 78% of our atmosphere, but it cannot be used by plants directly. Nitrogen must be transformed into a usable form, such as nitrate (NO3-), by bacteria through the process of nitrogen fixation. The equation for this process is:

N2 + 8H+ + 8e- → 2NH3 + H2

This reaction requires energy, which is usually derived from the oxidation of organic compounds.

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Yes, because the number of moles is not dependent on the mass or the volume.

What is Avogadro's law?

Avogadro's law states that "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules". For a given mass of an ideal gas, the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the temperature and pressure are constant.

Does the number of moles depend on volume?

The volume (V) of an ideal gas varies directly with the number of moles of the gas (n) when the pressure (P) and the temperature (T) are constant.

Does mole depend on mass?

Because of the way in which the mole is defined, for every element, the number of grams in a mole is the same as the number of atomic mass units in the atomic mass of the element.

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Answer:

Hex-3-ene of Question no 5

Au[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex]  is empirical formula of a compound which consists of 89.14% Au and 10,80% of oxygen.

A compound's empirical equation is defined as both the formula that displays the ratio of substances contained in the compound rather than the actual number of atoms contained in the molecule. Subscripts adjacent towards the element symbols indicate the ratios.

So because subscripts are really the fewest whole integers that reflect the ratio of components, the empirical formula also was called as the simplest formula.

moles of Au = 0.8914 g/ (196.97 g/mol) = 4.5255 x 10⁻³ mols

moles of oxygen= (0.1080 g)/ (16 g/mol) = 6.75 x 10⁻³mols

Simplest whole number ratio

Au = 4.5255 x 10⁻³  /  4.5255 x 10⁻³  moles = 1

O = 6.75 x 10⁻³ mols/  4.5255 x 10⁻³  moles = 1.5

empirical formula= Au[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex]

Therefore, empirical formula is Au[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex].

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The energy change is 30994.2 J that is associated with the temperature change is calculated below.

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree. The given parameters are-

T1= 365 K

T2= 298 K

m= 514.0 g

c(Aluminum)=0.900

The formula for calculating the energy change associated with this temperature change from the standpoint of the block of aluminum can be expressed as follows-

Q= m*C*del T

  =514.0*0.900*(365-298)

  =514*0.900*67

  =30994.2 J

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