The mitochondria is the cell organelle responsible for ATP generation in most cells and is in higher quantity in the cells of highly active tissues such as muscle and brain.
Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell as they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP generation ), a molecule that provides energy for many cellular processes. They contain enzymes that drive the process of cellular respiration, which generates ATP from the breakdown of glucose and other fuels. Cells in tissues with high energy demands, such as muscle and brain cells, have more mitochondria to meet their energy needs. This is because these tissues are highly active and require large amounts of ATP to support their functions. By generating ATP, mitochondria play a critical role in maintaining the energy balance of cells and organisms as a whole.
Learn more about ATP generation/production here:
https://brainly.com/question/787522
#SPJ4
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins have high amounts of potential energy. Where is the potential energy found in these energy nutrient classes?A. Between the carbon-carbon bondsB. Between the carbon-oxygen bondsC. Between the oxygen-hydrogen bondsD Between the carbon-hydrogen bonds
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins have high amounts of potential energy. the potential energy found in these energy nutrient classes is between the carbon- hydrogen bond.
Potential energy is found in food. Chemical energy, a subset of potential energy, is what makes up food energy. Through energy metabolism, the chemical energy from food must be transformed into kinetic energy. Utilizing oxygen and/or nutrients, energy metabolism creates energy for each cell process in the body. A crucial aspect of nutrition is the amount of energy a particular food releases. Excessive calorie intake has been linked to a number of chronic conditions, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. To help consumers manage their energy consumption, all food manufacturers are now required to label the energy content of their products.
Learn more about nutrients
brainly.com/question/1268939
#SPJ4
In what part of the brain does top-down processing occur?
A. the subcortical structures
B. the brain stem
C. the higher levels
D. the lower levels
C- Top - down processing occurs in the higher levels.
Top-down computing perceives the world around us by using what we already know to interpret new information (Gregory, 1970).Top -down theories are based on assumptions and emphasize the importance of higher thought processes such as expectations, beliefs, values and social influences.
Throughout our lives we build schemas made up of patterns of experience, prior knowledge, emotions and Expectations exist, and then we use these models to formulate hypotheses after new information arrives. It occurs in the precortex region of the brain that is the frontal lobe.
To know more about Brain:
https://brainly.in/question/3280198
The Top - down processing occurs in the higher levels of the brain.
Top-down computing perceives the world around us by using what we already know to interpret new information (Gregory, 1970).Top -down theories are based on assumptions and emphasize the importance of higher thought processes such as expectations, beliefs, values and social influences.
Throughout our lives we have build schemas made up of patterns of experience, prior knowledge, emotions and Expectations exist, and then we use these models to formulate hypotheses after new information arrives. It occurs in the precortex region of the brain that is the frontal lobe.
Learn more about Brain:
brainly.com/question/11950231
#SPJ4
Which of the following are pharmacological factors that help us to understand the drug experience?
a. the individual's genetic make-up
b. the physical environment where the drug is taken
c. the route of drug administration
d. all of these
e. none of these
ALL of these are pharmacological factors that help us to understand the drug experience so the correct option is D.
In pharmacological effect is an existent's inheritable make- up can impact how their body reacts to certain medicines, and how snappily or sluggishly the medicine is metabolized. The physical terrain in which the medicine is taken can also play a part, as certain environmental variables similar as temperature and moisture can affect the medicine's immersion rate.
Eventually, the route of medicine administration can also play a part, as the medicine may be metabolized else depending on whether it's taken orally, intravenously, or through another route. All of these factors can impact the medicine experience and should be taken into account when determining the stylish course of action for medicine use.
To know more about pharmacological effects visit:
https://brainly.com/question/4950051
#SPJ4
Choose the aldehyde that is the most toxic, limiting its clinical usefulness. ethylene oxidehydrogen peroxideortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA)glutaraldehde formaldehyde/formalin
The clinical utility of ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA), one of the aldehydes on the list, is constrained because it is thought to be the most poisonous. OPA is a severe irritant that has been linked to irritation of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract as well as potential cancer-causing effects. .
In healthcare settings, ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a sterilant and powerful disinfectant. It is renowned for its broad-spectrum effectiveness against spores and germs, including bacterial spores and spores that are very hard to kill, such hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus. OPA is frequently used to sterilise medical devices that are sensitive to heat because it doesn't call for high temperatures or protracted exposure times. It is also a better option for medical equipment with delicate materials because it is kinder to medical devices than other sterilants and disinfectants. However, OPA is very reactive and can irritate the skin and eyes, thus utilising it requires the appropriate safety clothing.
Learn more about Ortho-phthalaldehyde here:
https://brainly.com/question/30076119
#SPJ4
identify a factor that might limit the efficacy of continuing ddt use to prevent malaria?
DDT is applied to indoor surfaces with a spray application in IRS. This persistent coating efficiently stops or interrupts the spread of malaria by acting as a spatial repellent, a contact irritant, or by killing mosquitoes.
Increased insect resistance, the development of more potent substitute pesticides, growing public concern over negative environmental side effects, and expanding regulatory limits on DDT use are all factors that contributed to the fall in DDT use.
DDT exposure at low ambient concentrations may have unclear consequences on human health. Human symptoms after exposure to large levels may include nausea, tremors or shakiness, and seizures. The liver and reproduction were affected, according to laboratory animal studies. DDT is thought to be a potential human carcinogen.
Learn more about malaria Visit: brainly.com/question/17033567
#SPJ4
The main conductive cells in phloem are the cylindrical ______ ______ members. Closely associated with them are narrower, more tapered ______ cells.
The main conductive cells in phloem are the cylindrical sieve tube members. These cells, known as sieve elements, are elongated tubes that transport organic compounds (such as sugars) companion cells.
The source regions of a plant to its sink regions. Closely associated with the sieve tube members are narrower, more tapered companion cells. Companion cells are specialized parenchyma cells that are responsible for metabolic and regulatory activities in the phloem tissue. They provide metabolic support to the sieve tube members and play a role in controlling the flow of organic compounds through the phloem. Companion cells are located next to the phloem sieve tube members and are physically connected to them by cytoplasmic bridges, allowing metabolic exchange between the two cell types. The combination of sieve tube members and companion cells allows for efficient and effective transport of organic compounds in the phloem.
Learn more about phloem here:
https://brainly.com/question/15342686
#SPJ4
What placentation does a pear fruit have
A berry with arillate seeds serves as the fruit of a parietal placentation. The axile placentation in all the varieties shows that the Capsicum annuum ovary is plurilocular and the carpel sides are fused together in septa.
How does a pear placenta look like?The ovules attaching inside the ovary is called placentation in flowering plants. Placenta is the term used to describe the portion of the ovary where the funiculus attaches. Ovule placement inside an ovary is the most frequent use of the term "placentation" in botany.
What kind of placentation is seen in plums?Paraventricular placentation An illustration of a parietal placentation is this. The pit of plums and other stone fruits, such as cherries, is made of a tough endocarp that encloses the seed.
To learn more about Paraventricular placentation here:
https://brainly.com/question/28212317
#SPJ1
3. does the plant expend any energy (atp) to do this once the water has entered the roots? explain.
Yes, the plant does expend energy (ATP) to transport water from the roots to the rest of the plant. The process of water transport from the roots to the leaves is known as transpiration. Transpiration is a vital part of the plant's water uptake and delivery system and plays a crucial role in maintaining plant turgor, or pressure, and promoting photosynthesis.
Transportation of water from the roots to the rest of the plant requires energy, which is provided by ATP. ATP provides the energy necessary to drive the transport of water across the plasma membrane of the root cells and the xylem vessels in the stem.
This energy is used to create a concentration gradient, which allows the water to move from areas of high concentration in the roots to areas of low concentration in the leaves.
In summary, the plant does expend ATP to transport water from the roots to the rest of the plant through transpiration. This energy is necessary to drive the transport of water across the plasma membrane and xylem vessels and maintain the concentration gradient that allows water to move from the roots to the leaves.
to know more about plant refer here
https://brainly.com/question/13052059#
#SPJ11
as oxygenated blood leaves the heart, what is the order of vessels it passes through in systemic circulation?
The order of vessels it passes through in systemic circulation is
Enters the aortaEnters elastic arteriesEnters muscular arteriesEnters arteriolesEnters systemic capillariesEnters venulesEnters veinsEnters either the superior or inferior vena cavaThe systemic circulаtion provides the functionаl of blood supply to аll body tissue. It cаrries oxygen аnd nutrients to the cells аnd picks up cаrbon dioxide аnd wаste products. Systemic circulаtion cаrries oxygenаted blood from the left ventricle, through the аrteries, to the cаpillаries in the tissues of the body. From the tissue cаpillаries, the deoxygenаted blood returns through а system of veins to the right аtrium of the heаrt.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question can be seen in the Attachment.
For more information about systemic circulation refers to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/811428
#SPJ4
Plates that have only ampicillin-resistant bacteria growing include which of the following? (A) I only (B) III only (C) IV only (D) I and II
Plates that have only ampicillin-resistant bacteria growing include IV only. So, the correct option is C.
What is Antibiotic resistant bacteria?Antibiotic resistant bacteria are types of bacteria that are not controlled or killed by antibiotics that are able to survive and even multiply in the presence of an antibiotic.
Antibiotic resistant bacteria can be prevented by reducing unnecessary prescribing and overprescribing of antibiotics, correct use of prescribed antibiotics and good hygiene and infection control.
Thus, plates that have only ampicillin-resistant bacteria growing include IV only. So, the correct option is C.
Learn more about Antibiotic resistant bacteria, here:
https://brainly.com/question/29524820
#SPJ1
in the year 2000, what was the value of greenhouse gas emissions in co2-equivalent per year?
In the time 2000, the value of greenhouse gas emigrations in CO2- fellow was roughly 6.35 gigatons per time.
This number was calculated from the data handed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This number represents a combination of all the greenhouse feasts emitted into the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and other feasts.
These feasts trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. As emigrations of these feasts have increased since the time 2000, the series of heat trapped in the atmosphere has also increased, leading to a rise in global temperatures.
To know more about greenhouse gas visit:
https://brainly.com/question/4509458
#SPJ4
describe the pattern of brain development and why it matters.
The pattern of brain development is a complex process that's largely grounded on genetics and environmental factors. During immaturity and early nonage.
The brain is fleetly developing, allowing for new chops and capacities to be acquired. It's during this period that the brain is most vulnerable to environmental influences. This can include nutrition, physical exertion, as well as social and emotional relations. As a child grows, their brain continues to develop, allowing them to learn new chops,
Suppose more abstractly, and form meaningful connections. It's important to understand the pattern of brain development as it affects an existent's capability to learn and serve in day- to- day life.
To know more about brain development visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10203470?referrer=searchResults
#SPJ4
what red cell morphology is indicative of globin denaturation caused by increased intracellular oxidants?
The red cell morphology indicative of globin denaturation caused by increased intracellular oxidants is Heinz bodies, which means option B is correct.
Red cell morphology refers to the method of identifying the various kind of cells found in the blood which differ in shape, size, growth and distribution. These cells can be platelets, basophiles, hemoglobin C cells, or some other cells as well. The shapes can be star like, distorted, macrocytes, sickle cells or even fragmented RBC.
It is vital during blood test where the decline of cells especially platelets is measured. Heinz body are the oxidative breakdown of RBC against the infections which enter into the body. This may include symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and pain in body. These cells can also be referred to as damaged RBC present in the blood cells.
Learn more about red cell morphology at:
brainly.com/question/29358797
#SPJ4
Refer to complete question below:
What red cell morphology is indicative of globin denaturation caused by increased intracellular oxidants?
A) bite cells
B) heinz bodies
C) spherocytes
D) target cells
cystic fibrosis results from the misfolding of proteins that never get the chance to properly insert into the membranes of lung epithelial cells and perform their function. this is generally referred to as a
When cystic fibrosis results from the misfolding of proteins that never get the chance to properly insert into the membranes of lung epithelial cells and perform their function, this generally referred to as a protein folding disorder or a protein misfolding disease.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which encodes a chloride channel that regulates the movement of salt and water in and out of cells. When the CFTR protein is improperly folded, it is unable to properly insert into the membranes of lung epithelial cells and perform its function, leading to the characteristic symptoms of cystic fibrosis, such as thick and sticky mucus buildup in the lungs, which can lead to infections, lung damage, and respiratory failure.
Learn more about cystic fibrosis here: https://brainly.com/question/25129734
#SPJ4
xperimental Insight 2.1 describes data on the kernel color distribution of bicolor corn, collected by a genetics class like yours. To test the hypothesis that the kernel color of bicolor corn is the result of the segregation of two alleles at a single genetic locus, the class counted 9882 kernels and found that 7506 were yellow and 2376 were white. Use chi-square analysis to evaluate the fit between the segregation hypothesis and the class results. Calculate the chi-square value for this experiment.
A chi-square test is a quantifiable test used to split gotten results and the hoped results. The inspiration driving this test is to fix whether a glory between saw information and hoped information relies on ought to risk.
The examination of such two-layered plausibility tables every now and again incorporates testing for the differentiation between the two social occasions using the unmistakable Chi-square (χ2) test and its varieties.
The chi-square test is a hypothesis test expected to test for a quantifiably basic association among apparent and ordinal variables facilitated in a bivariate table. Toward the day's end, it tells us whether two variables are independent of one another.
It is a quantifiable test used to conclude whether a basic relationship is accessible between two variables like the ordinary frequencies and saw frequencies of a general population, assess in case these elements are liberated from one another, and if the model size is palatable.
To learn more about the segregation hypothesis here
brainly.com/question/29237985
#SPJ4
create a pedigree showing the occurrence of nf1 in kai’s family. include all roman and arabic numerals.
A pedigree, as related to genetics, is a chart that diagrams the inheritance of a trait or health condition through generations of a family.
What is pedigree ?The ties between family members are shown in a pedigree, which also identifies the members of a family who have particular genetic pathogenic variations, features, and diseases as well as their current health. A family's lineage might reveal how diseases are inherited within it.
Pedigree analysis examines how a trait is passed down across the generations of a family. Uses are It demonstrates how a trait develops through time within a family and where it came from.It is employed to determine the likelihood of an expressive or recessive allele that may result in a genetic disease, such as colour blindness.
Learn more about Pedigree here:
https://brainly.com/question/3772471
#SPJ4
In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major, the Grants noted that each generation of finches had beaks:A. best suited for their parents' environment.B. best suited for their current environment.C. smaller than those of the previous generation.D. larger than those of the previous generation.
In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major, the Grants found that each generation of finches had beaks D: "larger than those of the previous generation".
The Grants observed a phenomenon of evolution in action while studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major. They noted that each generation of finches had beaks that were larger than those of the previous generation. This observation supports the theory of natural selection, as the finches with larger beaks were better suited for their environment and were more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their advantageous traits to their offspring.
Over time, this led to a gradual increase in the size of the beaks in the population. This type of gradual change in a species over time through the accumulation of small, favorable variations is known as microevolution.
You can learn more about medium ground finch at
https://brainly.com/question/15524820
#SPJ4
If a firm retains the same product for domestic and foreign markets, the company is demonstrating which type of product strategy?
A corporation is using a straight extension plan if it keeps the same product for both domestic and international markets. This tactic entails promoting the same product around the globe without altering it in any way.
This strategy is predicated on the idea that the product will continue to appeal to customers in several nations with no modifications. To sell the product in new areas, the corporation depends on its current brand awareness and marketing initiatives. The straight extension approach can help a business enter new markets rapidly and make the most of its current resources, but it may not be appropriate for all goods or markets, and in other circumstances, it may need considerable modifications to be successful.
To learn more about corporation, click here: -
https://brainly.com/question/14500833
#SPJ4
Fertilizers are classified as which kind of water pollutant?
answer choices
a. organic chemicals
b. inorganic chemicals
c. heavy metals
d. physical agents
Fertilizers are classified as organic chemicals water pollutant.
Therefore, correct answer will be a. organic chemicals
Organic fertilizers are compounds made from the byproducts or leftovers of living things. The microorganisms in the soil use organic fertilizers to break them down and release the vital nutrients. Phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium are abundant in organic nutrients, but in different ratios.
Cottonseed meal, blood meal, fish emulsion, manure, and sewage sludge are a few examples of organic fertilizers. There are two types of organic fertilizers: natural organic fertilizers and synthetic organic fertilizers. A typical natural organic fertilizer contains 100% elements that are obtained from nature. Urea is an example of a synthetic organic fertilizer (e.g., fish extract, seaweed and manure, guano, and compost materials).
know more about fertilizers here
https://brainly.com/question/3204813#
#SPJ4
the suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by
The anterior fontanelle typically closes between 9-18 months of baby age and is an indication of cranial bone growth and brain maturation.
The anterior fontanelle, also known as the anterior fontanel, is a soft spot on the skull of a baby that allows the bones to overlap and allow for the skull to expand during birth. The suture of the anterior fontanelle is typically closed by the time a baby is 18 to 24 months old, as the skull bones fuse and the fontanelle disappears. The rate of closure can vary from baby to baby, but it typically closes from the center outwards. If the suture is still open after 24 months, a pediatrician may evaluate the baby for any underlying health concerns.
Learn more about anterior fontanelle here:
https://brainly.com/question/12776789
#SPJ4
The double-reciprocal transformation of the Michaelis-Menten equation, also called the Lineweaver- Burk plot, is given by
1/V_0 = K_m /(V_max[S]) + 1/V_max
To determine Km from a double-reciprocal plot, you would:
To determine Km from a double-reciprocal plot, you would find the x-intercept of the plot.
What do you mean by Michaelis-Menten equation?The Michaelis-Menten equation is a mathematical formula that describes the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body, and the Michaelis-Menten equation provides a way to quantify the rate at which the reaction occurs in terms of the concentration of the substrate (the molecule that the enzyme acts on) and the enzyme itself.
The equation is expressed as:
V = Vmax × [S] / (Km + [S])
Where:
V is the reaction rate (velocity)
Vmax is the maximum reaction rate achieved when the substrate concentration is high and the enzyme is fully saturated
[S] is the concentration of the substrate
Km is the Michaelis-Menten constant, which represents the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax
The double-reciprocal transformation of the Michaelis-Menten equation, also called the Lineweaver- Burk plot, is given by 1/V0 = Km /(Vmax[S]) + 1/Vmax, where V0 is the initial rate of reaction, Vmax is the maximum rate of reaction, [S] is the substrate concentration, and Km is the Michaelis constant. The Michaelis constant, Km, is a measure of the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate and is directly proportional to the x-intercept of the plot. The x-intercept occurs at 1/V0 = 0, and represents the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is equal to half of the maximum reaction rate. Hence, to determine Km from a double-reciprocal plot, you would find the x-intercept of the plot and use the equation Km = -1/x-intercept to calculate Km.
To know more about enzyme visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17292676
#SPJ4
Which of these places is an example of an island arc along a trench?
A) Aleutian Islands
B) Galápagos Islands
C) Hawaiian Islands
D) Australia
D) Bermuda
There are countless kilometers in both arcs and trenches. In Lesser Antilles with in Caribbean, Japan, the Andaman Islands of Alaska, and the Mariana Islands are a few well-known examples for island arcs.
Island is what kind of thing?Any piece of land that is encircled by water is an island. Even though they are encircled by water, continents are not categorized as islands because of their size.
How significant are islands?Islands contain a variety of distinct ecosystems, from forest areas to wetlands or beyond, that offer food, clean water, wood, fiber, medicines, fuel, tools, and other essential raw materials, through addition to artistic, spiritual, educational, and recreational values that support isle livelihoods and economies.
To know more about islands visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30353204
#SPJ4
What amino acids are found on the interior?
The amino acids which are found on the interior of the protein and these are the building block of the life.
They're composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and occasionally sulfur. The twenty amino acids that make up proteins are essential to life and are divided into two orders essential and unnecessary. Essential amino acids can not be synthesized by the body, so they must be taken in through diet, while unnecessary amino acids can be synthesized by the body.
Essential amino acids include isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. unnecessary amino acids are alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine etc.
To know more about amino acids visit:
https://brainly.com/question/15687833
#SPJ4
how does acetone affect the carbonic acid system
A bicarbonate buffer was used, and the initial concentration of acetone was increased so that it would not influence the rate of acetate accumulation during the early stages of the reaction.
About AcetoneAcetone is a colorless liquid also known as propanone which is usually used as a solvent in the manufacture of plastics and other industrial products.
Acetone can also be used in household products, including cosmetics and personal care products, where its most common use is in nail polish remover formulations.
Another characteristic of acetone besides being clear is that it has a sharp aroma and is flammable.
This chemical also contains several components such as isopropyl alcohol, propylene carbonate, ethyl acetate.
Apart from being made synthetically, acetone can also be formed naturally, one of which is the result of the metabolism of the human body.
Learn more about acetone at https://brainly.com/question/14667825
#SPJ1
Freckles are caused by a dominant allele. A man has freckles but one of his parents does not have freckles. The man has fathered a child with a woman that does not have freckles. Draw out a pedigree with the genotypes of grandparents and parents (use ""_"" when one allele is unknown) (1 point) What is the probability that their child has freckles?
The probability that their child will have the genotype of freckles is 50%.
determine men's genotype ?
The man's genotype is likely Ff (since he has freckles, which is determined by the dominant allele F, and one of his parents doesn't have freckles, meaning they likely have the recessive allele f). The woman's genotype is likely ff.
The probability that their child will have freckles can be determined using a Punnett square. If we let F represent the dominant allele for freckles and f represent the recessive allele for no freckles, the Punnett square would look like this:
| F | f
--|---|--
f | Ff| ff
f | Ff| ff
The probability that their child will have the genotype of freckles is 50%.
To learn more about genotype follow the given link: https://brainly.com/question/29636263
#SPJ4
What is the maximum permissible RF exposure limit for human body?
The SAR is a worth that compares to the overall bar of RF energy consumed in the top of a client of a small handset. As far as possible public candor from cell phones is a SAR level of 1.6 watts per kilogram.
Openness to exceptionally high RF powers can bring about the warming of natural tissue and an expansion in internal heat levels. Tissue harm in people could happen during openness to high RF levels as a result of the body's powerlessness to adapt to or disseminate the over-the-top intensity that could be produced.
Notwithstanding the appearance of various extra exploration concentrates on RF fields and wellbeing, the main laid out antagonistic wellbeing impacts related to RF field openings in the recurrence range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz connect with the event of tissue warming and nerve excitement (NS) from present moment (intense) openings.
To learn more about RF exposure here
https://brainly.com/question/28346475
#SPJ4
identify the part of the water cycle when ocean water may end up in the river
Answer:
Most precipitation falls back into the oceans or onto land, because of gravity, the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff. A portion of runoff enters rivers.
15
Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
Janice is drawing a rough sketch of the crime scene. In which direction should the top of the page point?
Janice should ensure that the top of the page points
Answer: north is the correct answer.
Which activity would be within the field of biology? O A. Measuring the rate of squirrel births in a woodland habitat O B. Measuring the amount of energy used by a building OC. Measuring the growth of a bank account OD. Measuring the size of a star
Answer:A. Measuring the rate of squirrel births in a woodland habitat
Explanation:Measuring the rate of squirrel births in a woodland habitat would be an activity within the field of biology because it involves the study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.
how does the pH scale work
Answer:
pH is really a measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the water
Explanation: