A test specimen in a tensile test has a gage length of 2.0 inches for this problem, fracture occurs at a gage length of 2.92 in. determine the percent elongation.
Percent elongation is a measure of the deformation or stretching of a material before it fractures. Calculated as percentage increase in length of a material sample after it has been subjected to a tensile test .The formula for percent elongation is:
Percent Elongation = (Final Gauge Length - Original Gauge Length) / Original Gauge Length x 100%
% Elongation = (2.92 in - 2.0 in) / 2.0 in x 100
% Elongation = 46%
Therefore, the percent elongation is 46%.
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looking at the bloodstain provided, determine what is the direction of travel and the angle of impact. the measurements of the stain are width: 2mm length: 11mm (use 2 decimal places)
Based on the provided bloodstain measurements, the direction of travel can be determined by analyzing the shape and orientation of the stain.
The elongated shape of the stain indicates that the blood droplet was moving in a particular direction as it impacted the surface. In this case, the long axis of the stain is oriented towards the bottom left to the top right of the image, suggesting that the blood droplet was moving in that direction at the time of impact.
To determine the angle of impact, it is necessary to measure the width and length of the stain and use this information to calculate the angle of impact. The angle of impact can be calculated using the inverse tangent formula (tan-1(width/length)). Using the provided measurements of the stain (width: 2mm and length: 11mm), the angle of impact can be calculated as approximately 10.36 degrees (tan-1(2/11) = 10.36°). Therefore, the bloodstain measurement likely traveled at an angle of approximately 10.36 degrees when it impacted the surface.
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when looking in the reflection of the light in binoculars why ois it that i can see thing as if i was looking through a microscoop
Due to the use of lenses and mirrors to focus and gather light, binoculars have a magnifying effect when used to view light reflections, making objects appear closer and larger, much as under a microscope.
Binoculars use a variety of lenses to collect and focus light from a distant object, so when viewing the reflection of light through them, the image seems magnified. A prism or mirror then bounces back the focused picture, which is then sent to the binoculars' eyepiece where it is further enlarged before being seen by the viewer's eyes.
The binoculars' magnification effect can make items seem much closer and larger, much like a microscope, which likewise utilises lenses to magnify small objects. Contrarily, binoculars utilise lenses and mirrors to first collect and focus distant light before magnifying the focused image. The microscope, on the other hand, uses a set of lenses to magnify an image of an item directly.
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Let A be the last two digits, let B be the last digit, and let C be the sum of the last three digits of your 8-digit student ID. Example: for 20245347, A = 47, B = 7, and C = 14.
A container with (15.0 + A) g of water at (8.0 + C) oC is placed in a freezer. How much heat must be removed from the water to turn it to ice at –(5.0 + B) oC? Ignore the heat capacity of the container. Give your answer in kilo-joules (kJ) with 3 significant figures.
Specific heat of ice: 2.090 J/g K
Specific heat of water: 4.186 J/g K
Latent heat of fusion for water: 333 J/g
First, we need to calculate the initial temperature of the water using the value of C. The initial temperature is (8.0 + C) oC.
Next, we need to calculate the mass of the water using the value of A, which is (15.0 + A) g.
To turn the water into ice, we need to remove the heat of fusion, which is the product of the mass of the water and the latent heat of fusion for water, which is 333 J/g.
Before the water can reach the freezing point, we need to remove the heat required to lower the temperature of the water from the initial temperature to 0 oC. We can calculate this using the specific heat of water, which is 4.186 J/g K.
Finally, we need to remove the heat required to lower the temperature of the ice from 0 oC to –(5.0 + B) oC. We can calculate this using the specific heat of ice, which is 2.090 J/g K.
We can add all these heat quantities to obtain the total heat that needs to be removed. The final answer should be given in kilo-joules (kJ) with 3 significant figures.
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A man throws a baseball off the roof of a 45-m tall building. It is thrown with an initial velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 30° above the horizontal. How far away from the base of the building does it land?
The baseball lands about 80.0 meters away from the base of the building.
What is projectile motion?Projectile motion is a type of motion experienced by an object or particle that is launched in a gravitational field, such as from the Earth's surface, and moves along a curved path solely under the influence of gravity.
To solve this problem, we can use the equations of motion for an object in projectile motion:
y = [tex]y_0 + v_0yt - 1/2gt^2 (1)[/tex]
x = [tex]x_0 + v_0xt (2)[/tex]
We can use equation (1) to find the time taken for the baseball to hit the ground:
0 = 45 + 20sin(30°)t - 1/29.8[tex]t^2[/tex]
0 = 22.5t - 4.9[tex]t^2[/tex]
t = 4.59 seconds (rounded to two decimal places)
Then we can use equation (2) to find the horizontal distance traveled by the baseball:
x = 0 + 20 x cos(30°) x 4.59
x = 80.0 meters (rounded to one decimal place)
Thus, the answer is 80 meters away.
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if the mass of a sliding block is doubled while a constant net force is applied by how much does the acceleration change
If the body's mass is doubled while the same force is being applied, the acceleration of the body is reduced by half.
Does increasing mass result in increased acceleration?The acceleration of an item is inversely proportional to its mass and directly proportional to the net force acting on it. As more force is applied to an item, its acceleration rises. A rise in an object's mass results in a decreasing acceleration.
How are acceleration and mass related?Newton's Second Law of Motion explains the connection between mass and acceleration. His Second Law argues that an object needs more force to accelerate the more mass it has.
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A projectile is fired with an initial angle of 60 degrees at 10 m/s. calculate the following quantities as the angle decreased to 30 degrees
find the following:
1. y componemnt velocity
2. the time it takes
3. the velocity of the projectile
4. the height
The following are as follow:
1. y component velocity: 5 m/s
2. the time it takes: 0.509 s
3. the velocity of the projectile: 10.2 m/s
4. the height: 1.28 m
What is projectile?1. Y component velocity:
At the initial angle of 60 degrees, the y-component velocity of the projectile is given by:
[tex]v_y = v_i sin(θ) = 10 m/s sin(60°) = 8.66 m/s[/tex]
At an angle of 30 degrees, the y-component velocity of the projectile is given by:
[tex]v_y = v_i sin(θ) = 10 m/s sin(30°) = 5 m/s[/tex]
So the answer is: 5 m/s
2. Time taken:
The time taken by the projectile to reach its maximum height is given by:
[tex]t = v_y/g[/tex]
At an angle of 60 degrees:
[tex]t = 8.66 m/s / 9.81 m/s^2 = 0.883 s[/tex]
At an angle of 30 degrees:
[tex]t = 5 m/s / 9.81 m/s^2 = 0.509 s[/tex]
So the answer is: 0.509 s
3. Projectile velocity:
The velocity of the projectile can be found using the x-component and y-component velocities. At the initial angle of 60 degrees, the x-component velocity and y-component velocity are given by:
[tex]v_x = v_i cos(θ) = 10 m/s cos(60°) = 5 m/s\\v_y = v_i sin(θ) = 10 m/s sin(60°) = 8.66 m/s[/tex]
The velocity of the projectile is given by the Pythagorean theorem:
[tex]v = sqrt(v_x^2 + v_y^2) = sqrt(5^2 + 8.66^2) = 10.4 m/s[/tex]
At an angle of 30 degrees, the x-component and y-component velocities are given by:
[tex]v_x = v_i cos(θ) = 10 m/s cos(30°) = 8.66 m/s\\v_y = v_i sin(θ) = 10 m/s sin(30°) = 5 m/s[/tex]
The velocity of the projectile is:
[tex]v = sqrt(v_x^2 + v_y^2) = sqrt(8.66^2 + 5^2) = 10.2 m/s[/tex]
So the answer is: 10.2 m/s
4. Maximum height:
The maximum height reached by the projectile is given by:
[tex]h_max = v_y^2 / (2g)[/tex]
At an angle of 60 degrees:
[tex]h_max = (8.66 m/s)^2 / (2 * 9.81 m/s^2) = 3.92 m[/tex]
At an angle of 30 degrees:
[tex]h_max = (5 m/s)^2 / (2 * 9.81 m/s^2) = 1.28 m[/tex]
So the answer is: 1.28 m
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two circular loops of wire are arranged so that they lie in the same plane and are concentric. one loop, of radius a, is tiny, much smaller than the other, which has radius b, i.e. a << b. if the small loop is driven with a time varying current i(t), derive an approximate formula for the induced emf in the large loop. state the approximations or assumptions you make in your derivation. (10 pts) 2
To derive an approximate formula for the induced emf in the large loop due to the time-varying current i(t) in the small loop, we can use Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction:
What is Faraday's law ?emf = - dΦ/dt
where emf is the induced electromotive force, Φ is the magnetic flux, and t is time. In this case, we want to find the emf induced in the large loop due to the current in the small loop. To do this, we need to calculate the magnetic flux Φ through the large loop due to the current in the small loop.Assuming that the radius of the small loop is much smaller than the radius of the large loop (i.e., a << b), we can make the approximation that the magnetic field due to the small loop is uniform over the area of the large loop. This is because the distance between the small loop and any point on the large loop is approximately the same, and therefore the magnetic field strength at any point on the large loop is approximately the same.To know more about faraday's law , check out :
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When the dipole moment of a dipole in a uniform electric field rotates to become more nearly aligned with the field: A. the field does positive work and the potential energy increases B. the field does positive work and the potential energy decreases C. the field does negative work and the potential energy increases D. the field does negative work and the potential energy decreases E. the field does no work
"When the dipole moment of a dipole in a uniform electric field rotates to become more nearly aligned with the field, then the field does negative work and the potential energy increases." Correct option is C.
When the angle between the dipole moment and electric field is 180° then the potential energy of the electric dipole is maximum.
When the dipole is parallel to the external electric field, its potential energy is at its lowest. Additionally, it is highest when the dipole is opposed to the direction of the external electric field.
A torque is always experienced by an electric dipole in both a uniform and non-uniform electric field. However, a dipole will also suffer a net force of attraction in a non-uniform electric field. The electric dipole thus experiences both torque and force in a non-uniform electric field.
An electric dipole only feels torque in a homogeneous electric field. However, when the electric field is not uniform, torque as well as a net force are experienced.
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initially, solution A has a concentration that is 2x that of solution B and they are separated by a membrane that is permeable to only water. at equilibrium which of the following is not true?
A) the volume of A will be 2x that of B
B) the concentration of A will be 2x that of B
C) water will move by osmosis to the more concentrated solution
D) osmosis will stop when concentrations are equal
When two solutions of different concentration are separated by a membrane that is permeable to only water, the water molecules will move from the side with a higher concentration of water .
How does membrane works?This movement of water molecules is known as osmosis.
Initially, we have a situation where solution A has a concentration that is 2x that of solution B, which means that solution A has a lower concentration of water molecules and a higher concentration of solute particles compared to solution B. As a result, water molecules will move from solution B to solution A, trying to balance out the concentration of water molecules on both sides of the membrane.As water molecules move from solution B to solution A, the volume of solution B will decrease, and the volume of solution A will increase. At the same time, the concentration of solution B will increase, and the concentration of solution A will decrease. However, the concentration of solution A will still be higher than the concentration of solution B at equilibrium, which means that options B and C are true.
At equilibrium, the movement of water molecules will stop, and the concentration of water molecules on both sides of the membrane will be equal. However, this does not mean that the concentrations of solute particles on both sides of the membrane will be equal. In this case, the concentration of solute particles will still be higher in solution A compared to solution B, which means that osmosis will not stop when concentrations are equal. Therefore, option D is not true.Option A is also not true because the volume of solution A will be greater than the volume of solution B at equilibrium, but it will not be exactly 2x the volume of solution B. The exact volume of solution A and solution B at equilibrium will depend on the concentration of the solutions and the initial volumes of solution A and solution B.To know more about permeable membrane , check out:
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QUESTION 1
Which feature is most likely the result of erosion from a river passing through the area?
QUESTION 2
Which feature is most likely the result of a magma deposit melting into the strata from below?
QUESTION 3
Which feature is most likely the result of uplift due to faulting along a tectonic plate boundary?
QUESTION 6
Considering this diagram, explain why fossils are often found close to bodies of water.
1) Feature III is most likely the result of erosion from a river passing through the area.
2) Feature II is most likely the result of a magma deposit melting into the strata from below.
What is erosion?Erosion is the result of surface processes that move soil, rock, or dissolved material from one area of the Earth's crust to another, where it is deposited. Weathering, which involves no movement, is distinct from erosion.
3) Feature II is most likely the result of uplift due to faulting along a tectonic plate boundary.
6) Because water performs two functions that are crucial for fossils. The oxygen that would otherwise deteriorate them and cause them to decay or be consumed by organisms larger than bacteria is primarily blocked by the sediment that it carries to fill in the area around them.
The oxygen is completely blocked out as the sediments fill in further, and this causes the sediments to compact. The minerals in the water and sediments may then eventually migrate into the fossils due to pressure, heat, and primarily time.
This heavily depends on the passage of time because it is a very slow process, the quantity of minerals present because of the sediments' makeup, and the history of pressure and heat because that affects the mobility of the minerals.
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A juggler throws a bowling pin straight up with an initial speed of 8.80m/s . How much time elapses until the bowling pin returns to the juggler's hand?
The bowling pin will take 1.79 seconds to return to the juggler's hand.
Assuming no air resistance, we can use the kinematic equation for vertical motion:
Δy = [tex]vi*t + (1/2)at^2[/tex]
where Δy is the change in height, vi is the initial velocity, t is the time elapsed, a is the acceleration due to gravity (which is -9.81 m/s^2), and we can set the final height to be equal to the initial height, since the bowling pin returns to the juggler's hand.
Therefore, we can write:
[tex]0 = vi*t + (1/2)at^2[/tex]
Substituting in the given values, we get:
[tex]0 = (8.80 m/s)t + (1/2)(-9.81 m/s^2)*t^2[/tex]
Simplifying and solving for t, we get:
[tex]t = (2*8.80 m/s) / 9.81 m/s^2[/tex]
t = 1.79 seconds
Therefore, the bowling pin will take 1.79 seconds to return to the juggler's hand.
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A cyclotron designed to accelerate protons has an outer radius of0.330 m. The protons are emittednearly at rest from a source at the center and are acceleratedthrough 600 V each time they cross the gap between the dees. Thedees are between the poles of an electromagnet where the field is0.550 T.
(a) Find the cyclotron frequency for theprotons in this cyclotron.
1____rad/s
(b) Find the speed at which protons exit the cyclotron.
2____ m/s
(c) Find their maximum kinetic energy.
3____eV
(d) How many revolutions does a proton make in the cyclotron?
4___revolutions
(e) For what time interval does one proton accelerate?
5____s
The provided cyclotron's protons have a frequency of 5.31 108 rad/s, an exit speed of 1.71 10 7 m/s, a maximum kinetic energy of 16.4 MeV, make 1060 rotations, and accelerate for 1.24 10-5 s.
Given:
Cyclotron's outside radius is 0.330 metres, and each dee is exposed to 600 volts of voltage.
Between the dees, there is a 0.550 T magnetic field (a) The formula f = qB / (2m), where q is the proton's charge and m is its mass, can be used to determine the cyclotron frequency. The properties of a proton are q = 1.602 10-19 C and m = 1.673 10-27 kg. These values are substituted, and the result is: f = (1.602 10-19 C)(0.550 T) / (2 1.673 10-27 kg).
f = 2.80 × 10^8 rad/s
The protons in this cyclotron therefore have a cyclotron frequency of 2.80 108 rad/s.
(b) Calculating the protons' exit velocity involves comparing their kinetic energy to the work that has been done on them by the cyclotron.
(c) The maximum kinetic energy of the protons is the energy gained by them in the last cycle. The energy gained in each cycle is given by K = qV, as calculated above. Therefore, the maximum kinetic energy is:
K_max = qV
K_max = (1.602 × 10^-19 C)(600 V)
K_max = 9.61 × 10^-17 J
Converting this energy to electron volts, we get:
K_max = 6.00 × 10^5 eV
Therefore, the maximum kinetic energy of the protons is 6.00 × 10^5 eV.
(d) The radius of the cyclotron is given as 0.330 m. Since the protons move in a circular path, their circumference is given by:
C = 2πr
C = 2π(0.330 m)
C = 2.08 m
The time taken by a proton to complete one revolution is given by:
t = C / v
Substituting the values, we get:
t = (2.08 m) / (1.60 × 10^7 m/s)
t = 1.30 × 10^-7 s
Therefore, a proton completes 1.30 × 10^-7 s.
(e) The time interval for which a proton accelerates is half the time period of the cyclotron. The time period can be found using the formula:
T = (2πm) / (qB)
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A box slides 5.10 m across a rough floor. The friction force is 2.05 newtons. How much work is done by the friction force to the box as it slides?
Answer:the anser is a
Explanation:
Q1/ Select the correct statement(s) regarding acoustic, electrical, and electromagnetic (EM) signals.a. electrical signals depend upon the vibration of air molecules, while EM waves depend upon the vibration of air moleculesb. acoustic signals can travel through the vacuum of space, while EM signal can only travel within the atmospherec. electrical signals (i.e., the flow electrons) and an electromagnetic wave both travel at the speed of lightd. all statements ate correct
Electromagnetic waves and electrical impulses, which are represented by the movement of electrons, both move at the speed of light. The ideal response is c.
Electromagnetic waves, on the other hand, do not need a medium to move; instead, they are waves of voltage or current that carry information.
In space, acoustic signals do not travel at all. There is hardly no air in the vacuum of space. Since sound is nothing more than air vibrating, there is no air in space, hence there is no sound.
Electromagnetic waves and electrical impulses, which are represented by the movement of electrons, both move at the speed of light.
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--The complete question is, Select the correct statement(s) regarding acoustic, electrical, and electromagnetic (EM) signals.
a. electrical signals depend upon the vibration of air molecules, while EM waves depend upon the vibration of air molecules
b. acoustic signals can travel through the vacuum of space, while EM signal can only travel within the atmosphere
c. electrical signals (i.e., the flow electrons) and an electromagnetic wave both travel at the speed of light
d. all statements ate correct--
a man weighing 800 n stands at rest on two bathroom scales so that his weight is distributed evenly over both scales. the reading on each scale is
An 800-pound man evenly distributes his weight between two bathroom scales while standing still on them. There is a 400N reading on each scale.
How do bathroom scales work?A person can measure and monitor their body weight using bathroom scales. Today, several models may offer other data points including body fat percentage & hydration levels.
What is weight?It measures how strongly gravity pulls on a body. Weight has the same SI unit as just a force since it is a force, namely the Newton (N). Each bathroom scale will register half of the weight when you stand on them with one foot on each one and your weight evenly divided.
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A baseball player friend of yours wants to determine his pitching speed. You have him stand on a ledge and throw the ball horizontally from an elevation 6.0 m above the ground. The ball lands 25 m away. What is his pitching speed?
According to the question, the pitching speed of the ball is found to be 20.16 m/sec.
What is meant by Pitching speed?Pitching speed may be defined as the maximum speed of a given pitch at any point from its release to the time it crosses home plate. There are two types of positions that a pitcher may use when making a pitch.
The windup or the stretch. The windup involves a longer motion than the stretch. It has a big leg kick that is thought to give the pitch more power.
The period of flight of the ball is calculated by the formula:
y = [tex]u_yt-1/2at^2[/tex].where y is the vertical height from the ground, is the vertical component of the velocity of the ball, and a is the acceleration due to gravity.
6.0 = 0t - [tex]1/2(9.8m/s)t^2[/tex].
t = [tex]\sqrt\frac{2-(6.0)}{9.8m/s}[/tex] = 1.24 sec.
Thus, the period of flight of the ball is 1.24 seconds.
The horizontal distance traveled by the ball is [tex]x = u_xt[/tex].
Here, x is the horizontal distance traveled by the ball, is the initial speed of the ball in the horizontal direction, and t is the duration of the flight.
25 = [tex]u_x (1.24)[/tex]
[tex]u_x =[/tex] 25/1.24 = 20.16 m/sec.
Therefore, the pitching speed of the ball is found to be 20.16 m/sec.
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the ultimate tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can take before failure, and is measured by dividing the applied load by the
The highest stress that a material can sustain while being stretched or pulled before breaking is known as the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), also abbreviated to tensile strength (TS). When a material is brittle, it fractures shortly after the yield point has been achieved.
What is the tensile strength of a material?With ductile materials, the yield strength is seen concurrently, and ultimate strength is attained when the material keeps stretching until it reaches the breakpoint.
From this curve, we can infer that the ultimate tensile strength (U.T.S. ), max = Pmax /A0. Where Pmax is the greatest load and A0 is the initial cross-sectional area, is the load at failure divided by the original cross-sectional area.
Therefore, The ultimate tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can take before failure, and is measured by dividing the applied load by the original cross-sectional area.
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Theresa and Julia want to know more about how electromagnetic waves are used in our daily lives. They research the different wavelengths and list some household items that use each wavelength. Match each type of electromagnetic wave in the left column to the household item that uses it in the right column.
___ microwaves ___ visible light ___ infrared waves ___ radio waves A) radarB) electric stoveC) televisionD) flashlight
The electromagnetic waves in the respective household items are as follows: radar uses radio waves, microwaves are used by electric stove whereas flashlight uses visible light and the television uses infrared waves.
The radar system detects the radio waves hence radars are said to transmit the same.
Microwaves produce heat as they cause excitation of molecules which cooks the food hence are used in electric stoves .
Electromagnetic waves emitted by flashlight are in the visible light range because it is the only kind of EM wave which is perceptible to human eye.
Since satellites easily pick up and transmit infrared rays as they travel at the speed of light hence the televisions use them.
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True or False: temperature in celsius is a ratio scale; zero degrees celsius does not represent a complete absence of heat.
The statement (temperature in celsius is a ratio scale; zero degrees celsius does not represent a complete absence of heat) is true.
The temperature in Celsius is not a ratio scale, as it does not have a true zero point that represents the complete absence of heat. The zero point of the Celsius scale is arbitrarily defined as the temperature at which water freezes at standard atmospheric pressure, but it does not indicate the complete absence of heat. Therefore, Celsius temperature is an interval scale, not a ratio scale.
The term "temperature" refers to a physical number that provides a quantitative expression of the qualitative concepts of warmth and chilliness. A thermometer is what is used to measure the temperature.
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charge q2 is 2.5 x 10^-9 c and charge q1 has mass 0.2 g. the separation r is 5 cm, and the angle is 15 degree. find q1
The magnitude of the charge of the particle Q₁ is found to be 2.36 x 10⁻⁶ C.
The magnitude of charge Q₁ is 2.5 x 10⁻⁹ and the charge Q₂ is 0.2g and the separation between them is 5cm while the angle of attraction being degrees.
Now, we can write,
If the force of attraction due to charge is F and the weight of the body is W.
Fcos(90-15) = W
KQ₁Q₂/R²cos(75) = Mg
Where,
K is the constant,
Q₁ and Q₂ are charges,
R is the separation in them,
M is the mass of Q₁,
G is the gravitational acceleration.
Putting values,
9x10⁹x2.5 x 10⁻⁹x0.92Q₁/(0.05)² = 0.2/1000 x 9.8
Q₁ = 2.36 x 10⁻⁶ C.
So, the charge of Q₁ is 2.36 x 10⁻⁶ C.
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Given an infinite population with a mean of 75 and a standard deviation of 12, the probability that the mean of a sample of 36 observations, taken at random from this population, is less than 78 is:
Answer: 0.9331
we have an infinite population with mean 75 and standard deviation 12
we have a sample of size n=36 from this population.
let Xbar be the sample mean. then E[Xbar]=75 and standard deviation of Xbar is S(Xbar)=12/sqrt(36)=12/6=2
assumption is that Xbar follows a normal distribution.
Probability that mean of a sample of 36 observations, taken at random from this population, is less than 78 is approximately 0.9332.
According to the Central Limit Theorem, sampling distribution of mean will be approximately normal, regardless of shape of population, as long as the sample size is sufficiently large.
The formula for standard error :
SE = σ/√n
where σ is the population standard deviation, n is sample size.
SE = 12/√36 = 2
Finding the z-score for a sample mean of 78:
z = (x - μ) / SE = (78 - 75) / 2 = 1.5
Using a standard normal distribution table or calculator, Probability of getting a z-score less than 1.5 is 0.9332.
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A Spherical cloud of charge or radius R contains a total charge +Q with a nonuniform charge density that varies according to:
p(r)=p0Image for A Spherical cloud of charge or radius R contains a total charge +Q with a nonuniform charge density that variefor r<_ R
and p=0 for r>R1-r/R
Where r is the distance from the center of the cloud
Express all algebraic answers in terms of Q,R,r and fundamental constants,
(C) Derive an expression for p0
The expression for the charge density of a spherical cloud of charge of radius R and total charge +Q is given by:
p(r) = p0 for 0 ≤ r ≤ R
p(r) = 0 for r > R
Where p0 is the charge density at the center of the cloud, r is the distance from the center of the cloud, and C is a fundamental constant.
To derive an expression for p0, we can use Gauss' law to calculate the total charge within a sphere of radius r. Since the charge distribution is spherically symmetric, the electric field at any point outside the sphere is zero. Thus,
∫E·dA = Q/ε0
Where the integral is taken over a sphere of radius r, and ε0 is the permittivity of free space.
Using the divergence theorem, we can equate this to an integral of the charge density over the same sphere:
∫E·dA = ∫∇·p dV
Substituting in the expression for the charge density, we get:
Q/ε0 = ∫p0 (4πr2) dr
Integrating both sides and solving for p0, we get:
p0 = Q/(4πε0R3)
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In the figure below, a planet orbits the sun. During which of the three sections will the planet have the lowest average velocity?
a) B
b) A
c) the information given is insufficient to answer the question
d) C
e) the average velocity is the same for sections A, B, and C
Based on the image given, the section where the planet will have the lowest average velocity is C since it is at the greatest distance from the Sun.
The correct option is D
What is Keplers's second law of planetary orbits?Kepler's Second Law states that as a planet orbits the Sun, an imaginary line connecting them sweeps across the same amount of space at the same rate.
This means that planets do not travel along their orbits at a constant speed, rather, they move at varying speeds so that the line connecting the centers of the Sun and the planet covers the same amount of ground in the same amount of time.
Perihelion refers to the planet's point of closest approach to the Sun while the point of greatest separation is aphelion.
A planet moves fastest at perihelion and slowest at aphelion.
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Arrange the components by how much of the material in the universe they represent, with the largest fraction at the bottom.Instructions- all the matter in the planets-all the matter in the galaxies- dark matter- dark energy
Arrangement based on material in universe: Dark Energy, Dark Matter, All matter in galaxies, all matter in planets.
In terms of the amount of material they represent in the universe, the components can be arranged as follows:
Dark Energy: Dark energy is the most abundant component in the universe, comprising approximately 68% of the total energy density. Dark energy is a form of energy that is believed to be responsible for the observed accelerated expansion of the universe.Dark Matter: Dark matter is the second most abundant component in the universe, comprising approximately 27% of the total energy density. Dark matter is a form of matter that does not interact with electromagnetic radiation, and is believed to be responsible for the gravitational effects that are observed in galaxies and clusters of galaxies.All the matter in the galaxies: The matter in galaxies, including stars, planets, gas, and dust, comprises a relatively small fraction of the total energy density in the universe, accounting for approximately 5% of the total.All the matter in the planets: The matter in planets is a very small fraction of the total energy density in the universe, accounting for a tiny fraction of a percent.Learn more about universe here:
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Challenge: 7) How long would a pendulum have to be if it took 20 swings (cycles) to measure exactly 30 (seconds?
Answer:
1.5
Explanation:
First congratulations, Oneli. I checked you have put up a few questions and a few answers - that makes you an ACTUAL Quora user, rather than a question mill operator!
Next, I have to decide what you meant by “swing”. That could mean a displacement from one extreme to the other, or what clock-makers call a “beat” - or quite possibly you meant what engineers and scientists call a “cycle” Which means a swing from left to right, then back from right to left again,
In this question, it doesn’t really matter if I guess your meaning correctly though: your question said in essence:
given the time for twenty somethings, what is the time for ONE something.
As soon as you visualize this, I hope you can see that one something takes 1/20 of the time for 20 somethings. So far, so good; what IS the time for 20 somethings?> 30 seconds, of course! So we want 1/20 of 30 seconds = 30 / 20 = 3/2 = 1.5 seconds..
in section 3.6 equations are given for reflection and transmission coefficients as a function of k1 and k2. a. what is the transmission coefficient when the electron energy e is equal to the barrier height v2? b. what is the transmitted current for this energy? c. what ratio of e to v2 gives 50 % transmitted current
The transmission coefficient and transmitted current can be calculated using equations involving wave vectors and electron energy, while the ratio of e to v2 for 50% transmitted current can be found by setting T = 0.5 in the transmission coefficient equation.
In section 3.6, it sounds like you are referring to a text about quantum mechanics and tunneling. In this context, the transmission coefficient (T) is given by:
T = (4k1k2)/((k1+k2)^2 * cosh^2(k2*d))
where k1 and k2 are the wave vectors in the regions before and after the potential barrier, respectively, d is the width of the barrier, and cosh is the hyperbolic cosine function.
a. When the electron energy e is equal to the barrier height v2, we have k2 = sqrt(2m*(e-v2))/hbar, where m is the mass of the electron and hbar is the reduced Planck constant. Substituting this value of k2 into the transmission coefficient equation, we get:
T = (4k1sqrt(2m*(e-v2))/hbar)/((k1+sqrt(2m*(e-v2))/hbar)^2 * cosh^2(sqrt(2m*(e-v2))*d/hbar))
b. The transmitted current (I) for this energy is given by:
I = (T/q) * A * J
where q is the charge of an electron, A is the cross-sectional area of the barrier, and J is the current density of the incident electron beam. To calculate the transmitted current, you need to know the values of q, A, J, and the values of k1, d, and v2.
c. To find the ratio of e to v2 that gives 50% transmitted current, you can use the transmission coefficient equation and set T = 0.5. Then solve for the ratio of e/v2. This will give you the value of e/v2 at which the transmission coefficient is 0.5 or 50%.
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Since, information about section 3.6 is not given complete solution is not provided.
In the following figure, the horizontal surface on which this block slides is frictionless If the two forces acting on each have magnitude F = 30.0N and M = 10.0kg_ what is the magnitude of the resulting acceleration of the block? 309
The magnitude of the resulting acceleration of the block is 2.598 m/s^2.
What is magnitude?In physics and mathematics, the word "magnitude" refers to the size or intensity of a given quantity or phenomenon. It can be used to refer to a wide range of physical measurements, including force, energy, voltage, and others. A logarithmic scale is frequently used when expressing magnitude because it allows for the comparison of extremely big and extremely small quantities. Magnitude is a term used in astronomy to describe the brightness of celestial objects like stars and galaxies. Magnitude is frequently used in talks about political or cultural change and can also refer to the overall importance or significance of a specific event, idea, or social issue.
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Place in chronological order the following steps in the formation and evolution of Earth's atmosphere: Correct Answer List Question List (6 items) (Drag and drop into the appropriate area) Life releases CO2 from the subsurface into the atmosphere. Oxygen enables the growth of new life-forms. No more items Hydrogen and helium are captured from the protoplanetary disk. Volcanoes, comets, and asteroids increase the inventory of volatile matter. Hydrogen and helium are lost from the atmosphere. Plant life converts CO2 to oxygen.
Earth had essentially no atmosphere when it originated around 4.6 billion year ago out of a volatile mixture of gases and minerals. The ground had melted on it. An atmosphere developed while Earth cooled, primarily from gases emitted by volcanoes.
What elements make up the atmosphere on Earth?Approximately 78% of the gas in Upper orbit is nitrogen, while 21% is oxygen. In trace proportions, additional gases like carbon dioxide, neon, & hydrogen are also present in air.
What is significant about the atmosphere of Earth?In addition to providing us with the oxygenation we need to survive, it shields us from dangerous UV solar radiation. Without it, the pressure needed for liquid water to exist on the surface of our planet would not be possible. And it warm our globe, maintaining habitable temperatures.
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At one instant an object in free fall is moving downward at 50 meters per second. One second later its speed is about Select one: a. none of these b. 60 m/s c. 25 m/s d. 100 m/s e. 50 m/s
The final velocity of the of the object is 60 m/s.
What is is speed?Velocity is the rate of change of displacement.
To calculate the speed of the object, we use the formula below
Formula:
v = u+gt.................. Equation 1Where:
v = Final velocityu = Initial velocity = 50 m/sg = Acceleration due to gravity = 10 m/s²t = Time = 1 sSubstitute these values into equation 1
v = 50+(10×1)v = 50+10v = 60 m/sHence, the right option is b. 60 m/s.
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the boom oa carries a load p and is supported by two cables as shown. knowing that the tension in cable ab is 232 lb and that the resultant of the load p and of the forces exerted at a by the two cables must be directed along oa, determine the tension in cable ac.
To solve this problem, we need to use the principle of equilibrium. The sum of all the forces acting on the boom in the horizontal and vertical directions must be equal to zero. The tension in cable AC is approximately 685.9 lb.
Let's start by resolving the forces in the vertical direction. The weight of the boom and the load is balanced by the vertical components of the tensions in cables AB and AC, which are equal to each other. Therefore:
232 + TAC sin(45) = P + 1000
where TAC is the tension in cable AC.
Next, we can resolve the forces in the horizontal direction. The horizontal component of the tension in cable AB is balanced by the horizontal component of the tension in cable AC. Therefore:
TAB cos(30) = TAC cos(45)
We are given the tension in cable AB, so we can solve for TAC:
TAC = TAB cos(30) / cos(45)
Substituting this expression into the first equation, we can solve for TAC:
232 + TAB cos(30) / cos(45)sin(45) = P + 1000
TAC ≈ 685.9 lb
Therefore, the tension in cable AC is approximately 685.9 lb.
In this problem, we have a boom or beam OA carrying a load P and being supported by two cables AB and AC. The tension in cable AB is given as 232 lb, and we are asked to determine the tension in cable AC.
To solve the problem, we can start by drawing a free-body diagram of the boom and cables. The weight of the load P acts downward, while the tensions in cables AB and AC act upward at angles θ1 and θ2 with respect to the horizontal. We can also draw a horizontal line representing the direction of the resultant force acting along the beam OA.
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