Express your answers as integers separated by commas.

1. Determine the total number of valence electrons in the molecule or ion.

• Add together the valence electrons from each atom. (Recall that the number of valence electrons is indicated by the position of the element in the periodic table.)

•If the species is a polyatomic ion, remember to add or subtract the number of electrons necessary to give the total charge on the ion.

2. Arrange the atoms to show specific connections.

• When there is a central atom, it is usually the least electronegative element in the compound.

• Chemists usually list this central atom first in the chemical formula, which is another clue to the compound’s structure.

• Hydrogen and the halogens are almost always connected to only one other atom, so they are usually terminal rather than central.

3. Place a bonding pair of electrons between each pair of adjacent atoms to give a single bond.

• In H2O, for example, there is a bonding pair of electrons between oxygen and each hydrogen.

4. Beginning with the terminal atoms, add enough electrons to each atom to give each atom an octet (two for hydrogen).

• These electrons will usually be lone pairs.

5. If any electrons are left over, place them on the central atom.

• Some atoms are able to accommodate more than eight electrons.

6. If the central atom has fewer electrons than an octet, use lone pairs from terminal atoms to form multiple (double or triple) bonds to the central atom to achieve an octet.

• This will not change the number of electrons on the terminal atoms.

7. Final check

• Always make sure all valence electrons are accounted for and each atom has an octet of electrons except for hydrogen (with two electrons).

To prove the chemical formula of a compound using the Lewis structure, you need to follow these steps:

1. Draw the Lewis structure of the compound: Start by drawing the Lewis structure of the compound using the valence electrons of each atom. The valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom, which participate in chemical bonding. To determine the valence electrons of an atom, you can refer to its position in the periodic table.

2. Determine the number of electrons in the compound: Count the total number of valence electrons in the compound by adding up the valence electrons of each atom in the compound. This number is equal to the sum of the valence electrons of all the atoms in the compound.

3. Determine the number of electron pairs in the compound: Count the number of electron pairs in the compound by dividing the total number of valence electrons by 2. This gives you the number of electron pairs in the compound.

4. Determine the connectivity of the atoms: Identify the connectivity of the atoms in the compound by drawing the lines that connect the atoms in the Lewis structure. Each line represents a bond between the atoms.

5. Determine the formal charge of each atom: Calculate the formal charge of each atom in the compound by subtracting the number of lone pair electrons and half the number of bonding electrons from the total number of valence electrons for that atom. The formal charge of an atom should be as close to zero as possible.

6. Write the chemical formula: Write the chemical formula of the compound by using the symbol of each atom in the compound, along with its subscript, which corresponds to the number of atoms of each element present in the compound.

By following these steps, you can use the Lewis structure of a compound to prove its chemical formula.

Answer:

Endothermic reactions: Heat is absorbed.

1) Photosynthesis: Plants absorb heat energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. 2) Cooking an egg: Heat energy is absorbed from the pan to cook the egg.

Explanation:

The decomposition of 2 moles of ammonia gas will give one mole of nitrogen gas and 3 moles of hydrogen gas. This is an endothermic reaction.  

Ammonia is an inorganic gas formed by the combination of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas. The industrial synthesis of ammonia gas is known as Haber process.

The formation of ammonia is a reversible process and ammonia can decompose to form the constituent gases nitrogen and hydrogen.

The balanced chemical equation of the decomposition of ammonia gas is written as follows:

[tex]\rm 2NH_{3} \rightarrow 3H_{2} + N_{2}[/tex]

Therefore, the decomposition of 2 moles of ammonia gas will produce one mole of nitrogen gas.

Find more on Haber process:

https://brainly.com/question/21867752

#SPJ1

Explanation:

The theoretical volume of ammonia that should be produced in the Haber process if we start with 5.0 L of nitrogen (N2) at standard temperature and pressure (STP) can be calculated as follows:

1 mole of N2 reacts with 3 moles of H2 to form 2 moles of NH3

Thus, the number of moles of N2 present can be calculated using the Ideal Gas Law:

PV = nRT

Where n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, P is the pressure in atmospheres, and V is the volume in liters.

At STP (0°C and 1 atm), the volume of one mole of gas is 24.45 L.

Given 5.0 L of N2 at STP, the number of moles of N2 can be calculated as:

n = (PV)/RT = (1 atm)(5.0 L)/(0.0821 atmL/molK)(273 K) = 1.96 moles

The number of moles of NH3 produced can then be calculated as:

n = (2 moles of NH3)/(1 mole of N2) = 2 moles/1 mole = 2 moles

The volume of NH3 can be calculated as:

V = nRT/P = (2 moles)(0.0821 atmL/molK)(273 K)/(1 atm) = 44.8 L

So, the theoretical volume of ammonia (NH3) that should be produced if we start with 5.0 L of N2 at STP is 44.8 L.

The correct identification of the units is given below:

The SI units and the physical quantities they represent are the meter for length, the second for time, the kilogram for mass, the kelvin for temperature, the candela for light intensity, the ampere for current flow, and the mole for substance amount.

US customary units refer to the system of measures used in the US to measure objects. All other measures are conventional, including the gallon for volume, mile for length, pound for mass, and degree Fahrenheit for temperature.

Read more about SI units here:

https://brainly.com/question/15657466

#SPJ1

identify each unit as belonging to si units or us customary units. gallon. mile. meter. pound. kilogram. degrees farenheight. kelvin.

The major organic product of the given reaction is buten-2-one. Its structure is attached in image below. Therefore, option III is correct.

A chemical reaction is a hydration reaction. Water is one of the reactants converted into products. The hydration of alkenes to produce alcohols is one of the most common hydration reactions. The hydration of ethene, for example, produces industrial ethanol.

Hydration of alkynes by H₂SO₄ and HgSO₄ considers the addition reaction following Markovnikov's rule. Addition here is two times and the water get take away from the carbon resulting formation of buten-2-one as product.

Thus, option III is correct.

To learn more about the hydration, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/23880721

#SPJ1

The reaction has a first order in Cl 2 and a second order in NO. The general order of reactions is 2+1 = 3.

We must ascertain the values of the exponents n, m, and p as well as the rate constant, k, in order to derive a rate law. The values of the coefficients required to formulate the rate law are available to us if the reaction orders for a reaction are provided.

The reaction's rate law is rate, starting from the slow step

k'[NOCl2][NO] - (1).

Fast step is used to determine the concentration of NOCl 2, which is an intermediate.

[NOCl 2]=K[NO][Cl2] - (2)

Substitute (2) in (1)

rate=k'K[NO][Cl2][NO]

Hence, rate =k[NO]2[Cl]

The reaction has a first order in Cl 2 and a second order in NO. The general order of reactions is 2+1=3

To know more about concentration, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/17206790

#SPJ1

A flask with a volume of 250.0 mL contains air with a density of 1.126 g/L. The mass of the air contained in the flask is 0.28 gram.

The density of a material is the measure of how tightly it is packed together. It is expressed as mass per unit volume. Density Symbol is D or

Formula Density = m/V, where is the density, m is the object's mass, and V is the object's volume.

Given:

Volume = 250.0 mL

Convert 250.0 mL in Liters :

250. 0 / 1000 = 0,25 L

Density = 1.126 g/L

Mass = g ?

Mass =  Density × Volume

Mass = 0.25 × 1.126

Mass = 0.28 gram

Thus, the mass of the air contained in the flask is 0.28 gram.

To learn more about density, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/29775886

#SPJ1

An illustration of beta decay is the decay of technetium-99, which has too many neutrons to be stable. A proton and a beta particle are created from a neutron in the nucleus.

Along with the beta particle, the nucleus also releases some gamma radiation. The new atom has 44 protons rather than the same number of mass protons.

β A high-speed electron known as a beta particle () is released from an atom's nucleus during various types of radioactive decay. In an equation, the symbol for a beta particle is either or e01. The beta decay of carbon-14 transforms it into a nitrogen-14 nucleus.

To learn more about beta decay here:

https://brainly.com/question/25455333

#SPJ1

Answer: +2

Explanation::)

The block on your desk given that it measures 3 cm by 4 cm by 6 cm and has a mass of 184.32 grams is made of marble

To know what the block is made of, we shall determine the density of the block. Details below:

Density = mass / volume

Density of block = 184.32 grams / 72 cm³

Density of block = 2.56 g/mL cm³

Thus, from the calculation made above and also considering the table of densities given, we can conclude that the block is made of marble.

Learn more about density:

https://brainly.com/question/952755

#SPJ1

Missing part of question:

See attached photo

Taking into account the definition of significant figures, 8.4×10⁻² g  expressed using two significant figures is 8.4×10⁻² g

Significant figures are the digits of a number that are considered nonzero and have a real meaning and, therefore, provide some information.

To establish the significant figures you must bear in mind that:

Scientific notation is useful because it makes it easier to understand the value of measurements, especially when they have very large or very small values, and it helps to identify significant figures.

To express a measurement in scientific notation, the first significant figure is placed starting from the left in the units position, followed by the decimal point and the rest of the significant figures. The number obtained is then multiplied by the power of 10 needed to retrieve the original number.

Then, in this case, 8.4×10⁻² g  expressed using two significant figures is 8.4×10⁻² g, since 8 and 4 are the two significant digits.

Learn more about significant figures:

brainly.com/question/14804345

#SPJ1

Answer:

4.02 kJ

Explanation:

We must convert the answer to kJ 4023.25 J . 1kJ /1000 =4.02kJ

The density of the gas is 1.65 g/L.

We know that in this case that we would need to use the ideal gas equation and this is the one that would deal with the pressure and the density of the gas and the formula that is to be used is the one that saya that;

d =MP/RT

M = molar mass of the gas

P = pressure of the gas

P = pressure of the gas

R = gas constant

T = temperature of the gas

We would then have that;

d = 38 * 1.26/0.082 * 354

= 1.65 g/L

The gas would have a density of about 1.65 g/L.

Learn more about density:https://brainly.com/question/29775886

#SPJ1

No, that is not correct. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and pyrophosphoric acid (H4P2O7) are two different chemical compounds. Phosphoric acid is a tri-protic acid with three acidic hydrogens, while pyrophosphoric acid is a diphosphoric acid with two acidic hydrogens.

When phosphoric acid is mixed with water, it dissolves to form a solution of hydrogen ions (H+) and phosphate ions (PO4-). The concentration of hydrogen ions can be adjusted by adding more or less water to the solution, which changes the pH of the solution.

Pyrophosphoric acid is a more complex molecule than phosphoric acid, and its behavior in water is different.

To know more about phosphoric acid , refer

https://brainly.com/question/28856040

#SPJ1

If you put 1.50 moles of N2 and 4.00 moles of O2 gas in a 45.0 L container at a temperature of 45°C, the total pressure of the system is 323.1 atm.

The ideal gas law, also known as the general gas equation, is the state equation for a hypothetical ideal gas. Although it has several limitations, it is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions.

Given;

N = 5.50 moles

V = 45.0 L

R = gas constant 8.314

T = 318 kelvin

P = ?

By an Ideal gas equation,

PV = nRT

By substituting this values in ideal gas equation, and we get as follows:

P = nRT / V

= 5.50 × 8.314 × 318 / 45.0

= 323.1 atm

Thus, the total pressure of the system is 323.1 atm.

To learn more about the ideal gas law follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/13821925

#SPJ1

1876.5J is the amount of heat released. Heat is the energy that moves through one body to another when temperatures are different.

Heat is the energy that moves through one body to another when temperatures are different. Heat passes from the hotter to the colder body when two bodies with differing temperatures are brought together.

By transitioning through one physical state (or phase) to another, such as from a phase from solid to liquid (melting), from such a solids to a vapour (sublimation), from either a liquid to a vapour (boiling), either from from solid form to another, a substance can absorb heat without increasing in temperature (usually called a crystalline transition).

q=m×c×ΔT

q=99.7632× 0.45×(64.4°C-22.6°C )    

q=99.7632× 0.45×41.8=1876.5J

Therefore, 1876.5J is the amount of heat released.

To learn more about heat, here:

https://brainly.com/question/13411214

#SPJ1

1056644.36 calories are in 4421 kilojoules.

As,

1 Kilojoule = 1000 joule

4421 Kilojoule = 4421000 joule

4.184 J = 1 cal

1 J = 1/4.184 cal

4421000 J = 4421000/4.184

So,

4421000 J = 1056644.35 Cal

Know more about Energy.

https://brainly.com/question/2003548

Answer:

The reactant that determines how much product can be made

Explanation:

The limiting reactant in a chemical reaction is the one that is consumed first and restricts the amount of product that may be produced (or limiting reagent).

Dichotomous keys for the above can be:

A dichotomous key is a tool used to identify species of plants, animals, or other objects based on a series of choices between pairs of contrasting characters.

To create a dichotomous key, follow these steps:

Learn more on dichotomous key here: https://brainly.com/question/24807939

#SPJ1

Food safety guidelines recommended that a beef rib roast bone in should cook for 23.0 minutes per pound based on 325°F oven setting. 2 hours should it take to cook a 5.17 pound roast.

Food safety is concerned with how food is handled, stored, and prepared in order to prevent infection and ensure that our food contains enough nutrients for us to maintain a healthy diet.

It takes 23 min per one lb (pound)

Then it takes how many min for 5.17 pound

= 23 min / pound x 5.17pound

= 118.91 min x 1hr / 60 min

= 1.982hr

≅ 2 hrs

Thus, 2  hours should it take to cook a 5.17 pound roast.

To learn more about the food safety, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/16360633

#SPJ1

According to the electronic configuration , gold and silver are inert metals and hence withstand the elements of the sea differently.

Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons which are present in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.It describes how each electron moves independently in an orbital.

Knowledge of electronic configuration is necessary for understanding the structure of periodic table.It helps in understanding the chemical properties of elements.

Elements undergo chemical reactions in order to achieve stability. Main group elements obey the octet rule in their electronic configuration while the transition elements follow the 18 electron rule.

Learn more about electronic configuration,here:

https://brainly.com/question/29757010

#SPJ1

179.43 g/mol is the maximum amount of CO₂ which could be formed from 3.67 mol of C and 4.23 mol of O₂.

What is chemical reaction?

When molecules in a reactant undergo a chemical reaction, their bonds are broken, and molecules in the product undergo a similar process, new bonds are created, creating a new substance.

We are surrounded by chemical reactions on a daily basis, whether it be in our bodies as they process food or in the sun as they produce the light we see. Prior to starting with chemical reactions, it's crucial to understand physical and chemical changes.

C + O₂ → CO₂

carbon =  12.01g/mol

12.01  × 3.67

= 44.07 g/mol

O₂ = 32/mol

= 32 × 4.23

= 135.36 g/mol

44.07 g/mol + 135.36 g/mol

= 179.43 g/mol

Thus, 179.43 g/mol is the maximum amount of CO₂ which could be formed from 3.67 mol of C and 4.23 mol of O₂.

To know more about chemical reaction  , click the link below ;

https://brainly.com/question/11231920

#SPJ1

Answer:

Explanation:

liquid

The IUPAC was founded in 1919 by academics and researchers who realized the need for chemical standardization. Therefore, in the below given ways molecules can be named.

The International Union of Pure as well as Applied Chemistry is abbreviated as IUPAC. It belongs to an international scientific publication with no government affiliation. The IUPAC works to develop chemistry by, among other things, establishing international quality standards for nomenclature, symbols, as well as units.

The IUPAC was founded in 1919 by academics and researchers who realized the need for chemical standardization. The International Union of Pharmaceutical Societies (IACS), the IUPAC's forerunner, convened in Paris in 1911 to discuss topics that needed to also be addressed.

CH[tex]_3[/tex] methane

CH[tex]_3[/tex]CH[tex]_3[/tex] ethane

CH[tex]_3[/tex]CH[tex]_2[/tex]CH[tex]_3[/tex] propane

Therefore, in the above given ways molecules can be named.

To learn more about IUPAC , here:

https://brainly.com/question/30086566

#SPJ1

The enthalpy of this reaction is 1.48 kJ/mol.

The formula to calculate heat energy is

Q = m × c × ΔT

ΔT = T₂ - T₁

ΔT = T₂ - T₁ = 24.70 - 21.00 = 3.70 °C

Q = m × c × ΔT

Q = 191 × 4.184 × 3.70

Q = 2,956.83 J

Q = (2,956.83 ÷ 1,000) kJ

Q = 2.96 kJ

The enthalpy ΔH = Q ÷ n

ΔH = Q ÷ n

ΔH = 2.96 ÷ 2.00

ΔH = 1.48 kJ/mol

Learn more about heat energy here: brainly.com/question/28842664

#SPJ1

Answer:

B- Active volcano

Explanation:

The molar mass of H2O is 18.02 g/mol. Therefore, 122.4g is the mass of 6.80 moles H₂O. Water is a gaseous, liquid, as well as solid material.

Water is a gaseous, liquid, as well as solid material made of something like the chemical elements oxygen and hydrogen. It is one among the most abundant and necessary chemicals.

At room temp, it is a tasteless and odorless liquid with the critical capacity to dissolve several other compounds. Water's flexibility as either a solvent is critical to living creatures.

mass = moles × Molar mass

        = 6.80  × 18

         =122.4g

Therefore, 122.4g is the mass of 6.80 moles H₂O.

To learn more about water, here:

https://brainly.com/question/16630851

#SPJ1

Air escape from a tire when tire valve is opened because the pressure from the weight of the car is forcing the already pressurized air out .

When air is filled in tires, it get into more compact area than the outer atmosphere, therefore particles in tire are close to each other and exert pressure continuously on tire walls to get out of it. Thus, material of the tire need to be pressure resistant as much possible.

After opening the tire valve, air starts leaving with huge sound as strain outside the tire is weaker than that inside the tire. Molecules strike with the same force on larger area and pressure starts diminishing.

To know more about tire valve, refer

https://brainly.com/question/3720473

#SPJ1

Note: The question given on the portal is incomplete. Here is the complete question.

Question: Air leaves a tire when the tire valve is opened because

A. the pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire.

B. the pressure outside the tire is greater than the pressure inside the tire.

C. the temperature is higher outside the tire than inside the tire.

D. there are more gas particles outside the tire than inside the tire.