1) London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding are all intermolecular forces that exist between molecules.
London dispersion forces (also called Van der Waals forces) are the weakest type of intermolecular force. They occur due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution, resulting in the formation of temporary dipoles. These temporary dipoles induce other temporary dipoles in neighboring molecules, leading to attractive forces between them. London dispersion forces are present in all molecules, regardless of polarity.
Dipole-dipole interactions occur between polar molecules. These molecules have a permanent dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds. The positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule, resulting in dipole-dipole interactions. Dipole-dipole interactions are stronger than London dispersion forces.
Hydrogen bonding is a specific type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative elements like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. In hydrogen bonding, the hydrogen atom forms a polar covalent bond with the electronegative atom, and the partially positive hydrogen atom is attracted to the lone pairs of electrons on another electronegative atom in a different molecule. Hydrogen bonding is the strongest type of intermolecular force and plays a crucial role in many biological and chemical systems.
2) For hydrogen bonding to occur, there must be a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a highly electronegative element (nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine). The hydrogen atom must have a partial positive charge due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and the electronegative atom. The electronegative atom must also have lone pairs of electrons available to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
3) The student is incorrect. CH2O (formaldehyde) does not have hydrogen bonding. Although it contains hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom in formaldehyde is not bonded to the hydrogen atom. In order for hydrogen bonding to occur, the hydrogen atom must be directly bonded to the highly electronegative atom. In formaldehyde, the oxygen atom is bonded to the carbon atom, and the hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbon atom. Thus, formaldehyde does not have the necessary covalent bonds for hydrogen bonding to take place.
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Step 9: Measure Pressure and Volume with the Book and 4 kg of Weight Total the mass on the syringe. Record it in the correct row of the data table. kg
Answer:
498 g
0.498 kg
Explanation:
Answer:
4.498 kg
1.47
35.0
51.5
Explanation:
the number of molecules present in 0.036g of water
Answer:
5
Explanation:
Why might an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases be a concern? What
might be the effect of an increase? Use the diagram to help you answer.
Answer:
too many greenhouse gases can cause the temperature to increase out of control. ... The increased greenhouse effect is causing changes in our planet that can affect our lives. The major Greenhouse Gas, carbon dioxide, emitted naturally and by the burning of fossil fuels, stays in the atmosphere a long
Effects: By increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we’re amplifying the planet’s natural greenhouse effect and turning up the dial on global warming.
The atmosphere of the Earth may begin to trap more and more heat if these greenhouse gases are present in excess. Earth warms as a result of this.
What are Greenhouse gases?A greenhouse gas is a gas that produces the greenhouse effect by both absorbing and emitting radiant energy at thermal wavelengths that are infrared. The five main greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of Earth are ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapour.
Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, and water vapour are examples of greenhouse gases. (A "feedback" is the term used to describe water vapor, which reacts chemically or physically to changes in temperature.) Scientists have found that the warming effect of carbon dioxide contributes to the stabilisation of Earth's atmosphere.
Thus, the atmosphere of the Earth may begin to trap more and more heat if these greenhouse gases are present in excess. Earth warms as a result of this.
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If 276 g of dinitrogen tetroxide and 64.0 g of hydrazine are mixed, how many grams of nitrogen gas can you produce?
Answer:
84 g of N₂
Explanation:
We begin from the reaction:
N₂O₄ + 2N₂H₄ → 3N₂ + 4H₂O
1st step: Find out the limiting reactant.
We convert the mass to moles.
276 g . 1mol/ 92g = 3 moles of N₂O₄
64 g . 1mol / 32g = 2 moles of hidrazine
Limiting reactant is the hydrazine. Ratio is 1:2, then for 3 moles of tetroixde I may need 6 moles of N₂H₄. (But I only have 2).
To determine the grams of produced nitrogen we see stoichiometry (2:3)
2 moles of hydrazine can produce 3 moles of N₂
Definetaly our 2 moles make 3 moles of gas.
We convert the moles to mass.
3 mol . 28g /1mol = 84 g of N₂
H2 + Cl2 --> 2HCl
If 500 molecules of H2 react with 400 molecules of Cl2, how many of HCl will be produced?
Answer:
c20 will be there ok
Explanation:
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What element has the following Electron Configuration?
How do magnets move objects?
Answer: Magnets have a force which is known as no contact force. This force tries to attract the metallic objects near it, which makes it move.
Explanation:
If I react 4.2mol N2 with H2, how many moles of NH3 would I produce?
Answer:
first balance the reaction
n2 + 3h2 --> 2NH3
then you have your ratios
so for every mole of N2 you get 2 NH3
so 8.4mol is your answer
Explanation:
PLEASE HELP ME
Anything that has mass and takes up space is
A. Volume
B. Mass
C. Matter
Choose one option
A, B, C
Answer:
C. Matter
Explanation:
Will a nucleus of Zn-65 be stable or unstable?
Answer:
Unstable
Explanation:
What is the concentration of a solution containing 2.4 mol of NaCl dissolved in 3.0L of water?
Answer:
0.500 liters
Explanation:
in sublimation which state of matter is absent
sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the state without passing through the liquid state
how many atoms are in 1.2x10^5 moles of neon?
Answer:
7.224 × 10^28 atoms
Explanation:
The number of moles contained in a substance (n) can be calculated from this expression:
nA = n × 6.02 × 10^23 atoms
Where;
nA = number of atoms of substance
n = number of moles of substance
Avagadro's number or constant = 6.02 × 10^23 atoms
Using nA = n × 6.02 × 10^23 atoms
In this question, there are 1.2 x 10^5 moles of neon (N). The number of atoms (nA) is as follows:
nA of neon = 1.2 x 10^5 × 6.02 × 10^23
nA = 7.224 × 10^ (5 + 23)
nA = 7.224 × 10^28 atoms
The number of neon atoms in 1.2 x 10^5 is 7.224 × 10^28 atoms.
what is light energy
Answer:
Light energy is a form of electromagnetic radiation. Light consists of photons, which are produced when an object's atoms heat up.
Explanation:
Answer:
Light energy is a kind of kinetic energy with the ability to make types of light visible to human eyes. Light is defined as a form of electromagnetic radiation emitted by hot objects like lasers, bulbs, and the sun. Light contains photons which are minute packets of energy.
Explanation:
hope it's helpful for you.
7. C2H4O2 is what? vinegar
Answer:
Yes its vinegar
Explanation:
Actually [tex] \bold{\red {C_2H_4O_2}} [/tex] is the formula for acetic acid which is found in vinegar.
Thea is doing a chemistry experiment. The instructions say she needs to use pure water. Hamza offer her a bottle labelled “100% Pure Spring Water”. Suggest why this water is unlikely to be suitable for the experiment [2]
A scientist is comparing 2 samples of the same compound. One is pure and the other is impure. The compound is a solid at room temperature. Explain how the scientist could tell which is the pure compound. [2]
The melting point of pure asprin is 136oC. The melting point of a sample of asprin is measured as being between 128 – 132oC. Give two reasons that suggest the sample is not pure asprin. [2]
Gunpowder is a formulation of potassium nitrate, charcoal and sulphur in the ratio 15 : 3 : 2
What is meant by the term “formulation” [2]
Calculate the mass of charcoal in 40g of gunpowder [1]
if you can just give me hints that would be great
Please help! I will give brainliest.
What are the three types of Covalent bonds? and what is the difference between them?
Help!!!
Plsss fastt
Answer:
Covalent bonds can be single, double, and triple bonds.
Explanation:
Single bonds occur when two electrons are shared and are composed of one sigma bond between the two atoms. Double bonds occur when four electrons are shared between the two atoms and consist of one sigma bond and one pi bond.
In a lab, a scientist mixes a purple powder-like substance and a clear liquid together. The scientist observes that the two substances begin combining together, and he notices a gas begin to bubble out of the mixture. Did the scientist witness a chemical reaction? Why or why not?
The scientist witnessed a chemical reaction because a gas was evolved when the two substances were mixed.
A chemical reaction is the same as a chemical change. When a chemical change occurs, atoms recombine to form new substances. Certain occurrences may accompany a chemical reaction such as;
Change in colorEvolution of gasAppearance of a solid in an aqueous phase reactionSudden change in the temperature of the system.When the scientist mixed purple powder-like substance and a clear liquid together, he noticed that a gas began to bubble out of the mixture. This implies that new substance has been formed so a chemical reaction has taken place.
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How does the nervous system work with the digestive system?
A: The muscular and nervous systems enable the involuntary breathing mechanism.
B: It doesn't
C: The enteric nervous system's network of nerves, neurons and neurotransmitters extends along the entire digestive tract - from
the esophagus, through the stomach and intestines, and down to the anus.
D: Gets nutrients (good) from food and hands it over to the blood
Anyone help I’m failing :(
Answer:
Enteric Nervous System
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) that directly controls the gastrointestinal system.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Describe the structure and function of the enteric nervous system (ENS)
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Key Points
The enteric nervous system (ENS), which is embedded in the lining of the gastrointestinal system, can operate independently of the brain and the spinal cord.
The ENS consists of two plexuses, the submucosal and the myenteric. The myenteric plexus increases the tone of the gut and the velocity and intensity of contractions. The submucosal plexus is involved with local conditions and controls local secretion, absorption, and muscle movements.
While described as a second brain, the enteric nervous system normally communicates with the central nervous system (CNS) through the parasympathetic (via the vagus nerve ) and sympathetic (via the prevertebral ganglia) nervous systems, but can still function when the vagus nerve is severed.
The ENS includes efferent neurons, afferent neurons, and interneurons, all of which make the ENS capable of carrying reflexes and acting as an integrating center in the absence of CNS input.
The ENS contains support cells, which are similar to the astroglia of the brain, and a diffusion barrier around the capillaries surrounding the ganglia, which is similar to the blood –brain barrier of cerebral blood vessels.
Key Terms
enteric nervous system: A subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that directly controls the gastrointestinal system.
EXAMPLES
The second brain of the enteric nervous system is the reason we get butterflies in our stomach or need to use the restroom more frequently when we are nervous and/or under stress.
The gastrointestinal (GI) system has its own nervous system, the enteric nervous system (ENS). Neurogastroenterology is the study of the enteric nervous system, a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) that directly controls the gastrointestinal system. The ENS is capable of autonomous functions such as the coordination of reflexes.
Although it receives considerable innervation from the autonomic nervous system, it can and does operate independently of the brain and the spinal cord. The ENS consists of some 100 million neurons, one-thousandth of the number of neurons in the brain, and about one-tenth the number of neurons in the spinal cord. The enteric nervous system is embedded in the lining of the gastrointestinal system.
Ganglia of the ENS
The neurons of the ENS are collected into two types of ganglia:
The myenteric (Auerbach’s) plexus, located between the inner and outer layers of the muscularis externa
The submucosal (Meissner’s) plexus, located in the submucosa
The Myenteric Plexus
The myenteric plexus is mainly organized as a longitudinal chains of neurons. When stimulated, this plexus increases the tone of the gut as well as the velocity and intensity of its contractions. This plexus is concerned with motility throughout the whole gut. Inhibition of the myenteric system helps to relax the sphincters —the muscular rings that control the flow of digested food or food waste.
The Submucosal Plexus
The submucosal plexus is more involved with local conditions and controls local secretion and absorption, as well as local muscle movements. The mucosa and epithelial tissue associated with the submucosal plexus have sensory nerve endings that feed signals to both layers of the enteric plexus. These tissues also send information back to the sympathetic pre-vertebral ganglia, the spinal cord, and the brain stem.
This is an illustration of neural control of the gut wall by the autonomic nervous system and the enteric nervous system. A sensory neuron is shown to stimulate the nerves in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses, which are connected to nerves in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sensory neuron is also shown signal the ganglia and central nervous system.
Neural control of the gut: An illustration of neural control of the gut wall by the autonomic nervous system and the enteric nervous system.
Function and Structure of the ENS
The enteric nervous system has been described as a second brain. There are several reasons for this. For instance, the enteric nervous system can operate autonomously. It normally communicates with the central nervous system (CNS) through the parasympathetic (e.g., via the vagus nerve) and sympathetic (e.g., via the prevertebral ganglia) nervous systems. However, vertebrate studies show that when the vagus nerve is severed, the enteric nervous system continues to function.
Explanation:
PLSSSSSS HELPPPPPPP FAST WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST I NEED A 3 PARAGRPAH ESSAY ON THIS SCIENCE ARTICLE!! INTRODUCION BODY AND CONCLUSION EACH PARAGRAPH 5 SENTENCES OR MORE!!!!!!
Answer:
jst do the work
Explanation:
its not complicated,ask your teacher for help
Do number 5 vote you brainlest thanks
Answer:
DNA
Explanation:
because genetics come from DNA
Which statement is best illustrated in the diagram above regarding how the Sun's energy affects the Earth's surface from June through September in the Northern Hemisphere? The season changes from autumn to winter, daylight hours decrease, and infrared radiation is the weakest during the June solstice. B The season changes from winter to spring, daylight hours increase, and infrared radiation is the weakest during the September equinox. C The season changes from summer to autumn, daylight hours decrease, and infrared radiation is the strongest during the June solstice. The season changes from spring to summer, daylight hours increase, and infrared radiation is the strongest during the September equinox.
Answer:
I'm sorry but there is no diagram above.
How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in calcium?
Answer:
20 protons , 20 electrons and 20 neutrons
4. How is a lead storage battery recharged?
a. It is heated up.
b. The pressure on it is increased.
c. A direct current is applied to it.
d. A magnet is held close to it.
Pascal’s Law states that when pressure is applied from an outside source to a contained fluid, the force is
a. transferred through the liquid in a single direction
b. transferred through the liquid in the opposite direction
c. transferred unequally through the liquid in all directions
d. transferred equally through the liquid in all directions
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Answer:
a.....................
Which have a mass of 0 amu ?
I give Brainliest!!!!
Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
Protons and Neutrons have an amu of 1
Answer:
c. Electrons
Explanation:
Electrons are found outside the nucleus and are the lightest.
Petroleum is a mixture of many alkanes. The alkanes are separated and purified at oil refineries. What process decribes what happens in an oil refinery?
Answer:
Fractional distillation
Explanation:
The process of separating petroleum products into its fractions is called fractional distillation.
Fractional distillation is a method of separating a mixture of substances based on the differences in their boiling points.
Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbons separated in a large fractionation tower having many trays maintained at different temperatures.
As the vapor containing the petroleum mixture ascends the fractionation tower, the mixture is separated at each tray to yield the various fractions of petroleum.
why and how do ions form?
Answer and Explanation:
Ions are electrically charged particles that are formed from the removing and addition of electrons. It can be a positively or negatively charged atom.
Need Help Asap How do islands form
Explanation:
An island is formed when magma builds up and breaks the ocean's surface. In some cases, like the island of Hawaii, land masses merge together. ... For many volcanoes, formation can take thousands of years, though some volcanic islands can sometimes appear quite suddenly
Answer:
As volcanoes erupt, they build up layers of lava that may eventually break the water's surface. When the tops of the volcanoes appear above the water, an island is formed.
Explanation: