explain how the bonding model for sodium metal would differ from the bonding model for sodium chlordie, NaCl

The complete thermochemical equation of the reaction above is: 2CO₂(g) + 5H₂(g) --> C₂H₂(g) + 4H₂O(g) ∆H = +46.6 kJ.

According to the reaction above, 23.3 kJ of energy is needed (absorbed) to react 1 mole of CO₂ with H₂. The reaction given is:

2CO₂(g) + 5H₂(g) --> C₂H₂(g) + 4H₂O(g)

2 moles of CO₂ reacts with 5H₂. So, the amount of energy absorbed for this reaction is 23.3 kJ doubled (46.6 kJ). The enthalpy is written as a positive value if the energy is absorbed.

Hence, the complete thermochemical equation is as follows:

2CO₂(g) + 5H₂(g) --> C₂H₂(g) + 4H₂O(g) ∆H = +46.6 kJ

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The benedict's test is used to analysis the sugar sample. The correct choice for the limitations of the benedict's test are option(A) , (B), (C) and (E).

The Benedict test is a chemical analysis procedure that can be used to determine the reduced sugar content of a solution. Benedict's test is a qualitative test that distinguishes between reducing and non-reducing carbohydrates (sugars/saccharides). The limitations of the Benedict test include:

Therefore, the limitations of benedict's test are A,B, C, E.

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Complete question:

When testing for the presence of sugar, what are the limitations of the Benedict's test? (select all that apply)

A. It could not be used with intensely colored samples.

B. There is not a clear color change

C. You cannot tell which reducing sugar is present (i.e. glucose vs fructose vs maltose)

D. It cannot be used on a solid sample unless the sugars are extracted first

E. It doesn't detect sucrose and other non-reducing sugars, only small reducing sugars

F. You might burn your hand if you are not careful

Polymers are formed by linking monomers together through condensation reactions

Are monomers joined together by condensation?

Monomers are linked together by a type of reaction called a dehydration or condensation reaction. In this type of reaction, a water molecule is lost and a bond is formed between the two monomers.

How are polymers formed?

Monomers join together to make polymer chains by forming covalent bonds—that is, by sharing electrons. Other bonds then hold the groups of chains together to form a polymer material.

What happens in a condensation reaction?

Condensation reaction: A reaction in which two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule, with the simultaneous loss of a small molecule such as water or methanol. While this occurs in many reactions, the term is usually reserved for reactions in which a new carbon-carbon bond is formed.

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The mass percentage of water in hydrated magnesium sulfate (MnSO4 . H2O) will be 10.6%.

Percentage mass: The percentage mass is the ratio of the mass of the element or the molecule in the given compound.

The percentage can be given as:

Percent Mass = Mass of molecule / total mass of compound x 100%

The mass of the water is 18.02 g/mole and the molar mass of hydrated magnesium sulfate (MnSO4 . H2O) will be 169.03 g/mol.

Thus, Percent Mass = 18.02 / 169.03 x 100%

Percent Mass = 10.6 %

Therefore, the mass percentage of water in hydrated magnesium sulfate (MnSO4 . H2O) will be 10.6%.

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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"Calculate your experimentally determined percent mass of water in Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate. Report your result to 2 or 3 significant figures, e. g. 9.8% or 10.2%."--

Combining coal with purified oxygen can make it burn cleaner and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

This process is known as oxygen-enhanced combustion or oxygen-fired combustion. In this process, the purified oxygen is introduced into the combustion chamber to increase the combustion efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon dioxide emissions. However, the other fossil fuels such as natural gas, liquid petroleum gas and oil cannot be made to burn cleaner with purified oxygen as they are already primarily composed of hydrocarbons and do not require oxygen to combust.

Combining purified oxygen with a fossil fuel like coal can lead to cleaner burning and reduced carbon dioxide emissions. This process is known as oxygen enrichment or oxygen-enhanced combustion. During oxygen enrichment, the proportion of oxygen in the combustion air is increased to around 30-35%, allowing for a more complete combustion of the coal.

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The moles would be 12 moles, 4 moles and 11.34 moles

When hydrogen gas (H2) reacts with oxygen gas (O2) to produce water (H2O), the balanced chemical equation is:

2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O

So,

For every 6 moles of H2, 12 moles of H2O will be produced

For every 2 moles of H2, 4 moles of H2O will be produced

For every 5.67 moles of H2, 11.34 moles of H2O will be produced.

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Based on the moles of iron given, the mass of iron that participated in the chemical reaction is 4.48 g.

The mass of iron that took part in the reaction is determined from the molar mass and the moles of iron that took part in the reaction.

The moles of iron that took part in the reaction = 0.08 moles

The molar mass of iron = 56 g/mol

The formula below gives the relationship between, moles, molar mass, and mass of an element.

Mass = number of moles * molar mass

The mass of iron = 0.08 moles * 56 g/mol

The mass of iron = 4.48 g

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According to the balanced chemical equation, there are 2 moles of silver and potassium cyanide produced.

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .

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The kinetic energy of a cart weighing 100kg moving at a speed of 6 m/s is 1800 J.

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy that an object has because of its motion. If you want to accelerate an object, then you must apply a force. Force can be applied when work is done by us. After work has been done, the energy will get transferred to the object, and the object will be moving with a new constant speed.

Formula for kinetic energy is given as,

K.E = 1/2 mv²

m = 100 kg

v = 6 m/s

Substituting the values we get,

K.E = 1/2 × 100 × 6 × 6

⇒ K.E = 1800 J

Hence, The kinetic energy of a 100kg cart moving at a speed of 6 m/s is 1800 J.

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The equilibrium will shift to the reaction's side where there are less gas molecules as pressure increases.

The balance would then change, moving in the direction of increased pressure. This would be in the direction of the reactants, which contain more moles of the gas. As a result, the equilibrium would change and move to the left in favor of the reactants. Pressure increases cause the equilibrium position to shift to the side with the fewest molecules. Because the pressure lowers as the number of molecules decreases, the impacts of the change are lessened. Due to the forced closer proximity of the gas particles when the pressure on a gas increases, the volume of the gas decreases. On the other hand, because the gas particles may now move further apart when the pressure on a gas lowers, the gas volume rises.

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The total pressure in the apparatus be less than atm.

How do you find partial pressure in atm?

The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases is the pressure that the gas would exert if it were present alone in a container at the same temperature and volume. The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases can be found by dividing its mole fraction by the total pressure of the gas mixture. For example, if a gas mixture has a total pressure of 1 atm and the mole fraction of the gas in question is 0.4, then the partial pressure of the gas is 0.4 atm.

The volume of the container for each gas will rise when the valve is opened. Both of the gases' pressures will drop in accordance with Boyle's law. As a result, the pressure of the gas coming from valves 1 and 2 will fall, resulting in a lower than atm overall pressure in the apparatus.

Therefore,  less than atm is the correct answer.

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Water auto-ionization equilibrium shifts to the reactant side as [H3O+] falls and [OH-] grows.

Equilibrium in a process is a state in which the observable properties such as color, temperature, pressure, concentration, and so on do not change.

The word equilibrium means 'balance,' implying that a chemical reaction represents a balance between the reactants and products involved. The equilibrium state can also be observed in certain physical processes, such as the melting point of ice at 0°C, where both ice and water are present.

The equilibrium associated with physical processes, such as solid melting or salt dissolution in water, is known as physical equilibrium, whereas the equilibrium associated with chemical reactions is known as a chemical equilibrium. In a reversible reaction, the chemical equilibrium is the state in which both.

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The complete question is:

What will happen if I add a substance that dissociates to provide many hydroxide ions, such as a strong base, into pure water? (Select all that apply)

[H3O+] decreases

the equilibrium of water auto-ionization shifts to the reactant side

[OH-] increases

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. Plotting viscosity on semi-log coordinates allows for the examination of exponential relationships.

On a semi-log plot of viscosity versus temperature, the slope of the line indicates the activation energy for the viscous flow, and a straight line indicates an Arrhenius relationship.

For water, the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature and does not follow an Arrhenius relationship. Hexane also has a decreasing viscosity with temperature, but deviates significantly from an Arrhenius relationship. On the other hand, 100% glycerol has a relatively constant viscosity with temperature, and is an example of a fluid that follows an Arrhenius relationship.

In general, the viscosity of fluids depends on several factors such as molecular weight, intermolecular forces, and temperature. The deviation from an Arrhenius relationship can indicate more complex relationships between viscosity and temperature, such as the existence of multiple temperature-dependent processes that contribute to the overall viscosity of the fluid.

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A necessary trait of a good hypothesis is that it is clear and testable.

The correct option is option 2.

A hypothesis is a theory put up to explain a phenomenon.

A hypothesis must be testable according to the scientific method for it to be considered a scientific hypothesis. Scientific hypotheses are typically based on prior observations that cannot be adequately explained by the current body of knowledge.

An important trait of a good hypothesis is that it must be clear and testable.

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If the mother is Rh negative and her child is Rh positive she will form antibodies that may kill her second child

Found in the bone marrow

The Rh protein but not the A or the B proteins

Mothers must be aware of the rhesus factor in order to prevent a potentially serious condition called Rh incompatibility. The rhesus factor, also known as the Rh factor, is a protein that is found on the surface of red blood cells.

If a woman who is Rh-negative (does not have the Rh factor) becomes pregnant with a fetus who is Rh-positive (does have the Rh factor), there is a risk that the mother's immune system will recognize the Rh factor on the fetus's red blood cells as a foreign substance and produce antibodies against it.

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g(t)=-2.3t² +3.5t; The value of g(8.6) is -140.008. Two expressions that are set equal to one another in a mathematical statement are the definition of an algebraic equation.

To simplify a phrase, create an equivalent expression without any terms that are identical. The expression will then be rewritten using the fewest terms feasible.

Applying the concepts of necessity and proportionality strictly is a requirement for simplifying legislation. The practise entails eliminating outmoded laws and regulations as well as codifying, recasting, and consolidating legislation.

Given;

g(t) = -2.3t^2+3.5t

Substitute t =8.6

g(t) = -2.3(8.6)^2+3.5(8.6)

g(t) = -170.108+30.1

g(t) = -140.008

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Answer:

Explanation:

The isotope work sheet can be filled from the atomic numbers and the mass numbers of the isotopes.

An isotope worksheet is used to track and organize information about different isotopes of a given element. To fill an isotope worksheet, the following information should typically be included:

Element symbol: The symbol of the element being studied.

Atomic number: The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.

Mass number: The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.

Isotope: A unique identifier for each isotope, typically written as element symbol, mass number.

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Total 14.4 g of carbons are required produce 18.5 moles of methane, CH₄

C + 2H₂ ==> CH₄

molar mass, C = 12 g / mol

molar mass, H = 1 g / mol

molar mass, CH₄ = 12 + 4 = 16 g / mol

So,1.2 mol CH₄ x 1 mole C / mol CH₄ x 12 g C / mol C = 14.4 g C

A substance's molar mass is the mass that contains one mole of the substance. Simply put, it is the weight of one substance mole. Each substance's atomic mass is multiplied by the subscript of that element in the chemical formula to determine its molar mass.

An element's atomic mass expressed as g/mol is its characteristic molar mass. However, the atomic mass in amu can also be multiplied by the molar mass constant (1 g/mol) to obtain the molar mass. Add up all of the atomic masses of the individual atoms in a compound to get its molar mass.

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Answer: Iron is necessary for photosynthesis because it facilitates the transfer of electrons and protons within the chloroplasts, which is required for the production of ATP, which is energy.

Explanation: Biology class helped a lot with this answer.

Lines on a temperature map connecting points of equal temperature are called "isotherms."

Isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but differ in their arrangement of atoms. This means that they have the same number and type of atoms, but their atoms are arranged differently. As a result, isomers have different physical and chemical properties, even though they are composed of the same elements.

There are several types of isomers, including:

Structural isomers: Also known as constitutional isomers, these are molecules with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of their atoms.

Stereoisomers: These are isomers that have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity of their atoms, but differ in the three-dimensional arrangement of their atoms in space.

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The theoretical yield of MgO is 0.84 g. The limiting reactant or limiting reagent is a reactant in a chemical reaction.

The limiting reactant or limiting reagent is a reactant in a chemical reaction that determines the amount of product that is formed. Identification of the limiting reactant makes it possible to calculate the theoretical yield of a reaction.

The reason there is a limiting reactant is that elements and compounds react according to the mole ratio between them in a balanced chemical equation.

Mg is limiting reagent so amount of MgO depends on the amount of Mg.

Mg  +  O₂ [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] 2 MgO

1 mol                        2 mol

Molar mass of Mg = 24 g/mol

Molar mass of MgO = 24 + 16 = 40 g/mol

24 g of Mg gives 80 g of MgO

mass of Mg for trial 1

Mass of Mg = mass of Mg metal, crucible and lid - mass of empty crucible and lid

Mass of Mg = 26.931 g - 26.679 g

Mass of Mg = 0.252 g

24 g of Mg ≅ 80 g of MgO

0.252 g of Mg ≅ X g of MgO

X g of MgO = 0.84 g

theoretical yield of MgO=0.84 g

Therefore, the theoretical yield of MgO is 0.84 g.

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A candy bar has a food calorie count of 5.78.

The heat capacity is 8.72 kilocalories per degree, and 1 food calorie or his 1 nutritional calorie equals 1 kilocalorie. equation:

c=[tex]\frac{e}{dt}[/tex]

c = 8.72

Delta t is the change in temperature, reported as 16.7 degrees Celsius. so solve

e=145.624 kcal

We know that 1 kilocalorie equals 1 food calorie, so 145 equals 145,624 food calories. Now you have to divide this by the grams of chocolate or candy bar. This was 25.2 grams. 5.78. Remember you need to round up. This is food calories per gram.  

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The pressure of the NH3 gas is 2.19 atm, a sample of 4.30 moles of NH3 gas occupies 6.50 L at 45°C.

Gas pressure is the force per unit area exerted by a gas on the walls of its container. It is a measure of the number of gas molecules colliding with the container's walls per unit of time, and is proportional to the number of gas molecules and their kinetic energy. It is a result of the gas molecules moving randomly in all directions and colliding with the walls of the container. When a gas is confined in a container, its pressure is exerted equally in all directions. The pressure is a scalar quantity, which means it has only magnitude and does not have a direction.

Gas pressure can be measured in a variety of units, including atmospheres (atm), torr, pascals (Pa), and pounds per square inch (psi). The most commonly used units for measuring gas pressure are atmospheres and pascals.

To calculate the pressure of a gas, the Ideal Gas Law is used which states that [tex]PV = nRT[/tex], where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First step:  Convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

45°C + 273.15 = 318.15 [tex]K[/tex]

Second step:Plug in the values and solve for P:

[tex]P = (nRT) / V[/tex]

[tex]P = (4.30 moles * 0.0821 Latm/molK * 318.15 K) / 6.50 L[/tex]

[tex]P = 2.19 atm[/tex]

So, the pressure of the [tex]NH3[/tex] gas is 2.19 [tex]atm[/tex].

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Acetylene gas (C2H2) reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) through the following chemical reaction:

[tex]C_2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow CO_2 + H_2O.[/tex]

When 30.0 grams of acetylene is reacted with O2, 18.5 grams of water is produced as a result of the reaction. The production of 18.5 grams of water from 30.0 grams of acetylene suggests that the reaction has proceeded to completion, with all of the acetylene being consumed and transformed into its products. The reaction is exothermic, meaning that it releases heat energy. This reaction is important in various industrial processes, including welding and cutting metal

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Q)- Acetylene gas (C2H2) reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. When 30. 0 g of acetylene is reacted with O2, 18. 5 g of water is formed What do you understand by this reaction?

Except the Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN), all other options like Amonia,Sulfur dioxide, Hydrogen sulfide are primary pollutants. Thus, the correct choice for answer of this problem is option (B).

Primary pollutants: Primary pollutants are the injected into the atmosphere directly. For examples are carbon monoxide, CO, nitrogen oxide, NO, and sulfur oxide. In the following provide options , A. Ammonia C. Sulfur dioxide and D. Hydrogen sulfide are primary pollutants. But Peroxyacetyl Nitrate PAN is not a Primary pollutant. Since it form in the atmosphere after the emission of primary pollutants. It is an oxidant that is more stable than Oxone. Sources of the pollutants required to create PANs include motor vehicles, tobacco smoke, and the burning of fossil fuels. It is an secondary pollutant present in photochemical smog. Hence, the Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN) is correct answer.

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Answer:

0.0415 M

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we need to use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of CO2 formed, and then use stoichiometry to calculate the number of moles of HCl used in the reaction. Finally, we can calculate the molarity of the HCl solution using the volume and number of moles of HCl.

First, let's calculate the number of moles of CO2 formed:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure in atm, V is the volume in L, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.08206 L·atm/K·mol), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

We need to convert the volume of CO2 from mL to L, the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin, and the pressure from mmHg to atm:

V = 153.00 mL = 0.15300 L

T = 27.1 °C + 273.15 = 300.25 K

P = 772 mmHg / 760 mmHg/atm = 1.016 atm

Plugging in these values, we get:

n = PV/RT = (1.016 atm)(0.15300 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/K·mol)(300.25 K) ≈ 0.00627 mol CO2

According to the balanced chemical equation, the reaction between HCl and MgCO3 has a 1:1 stoichiometry, which means that the number of moles of HCl used in the reaction is also approximately 0.00627 mol.

The volume of HCl used is 151.10 mL, or 0.15110 L. Therefore, the molarity of the HCl solution is:

M = n/V = 0.00627 mol / 0.15110 L ≈ 0.0415 M

Therefore, the molarity of the HCl solution is approximately 0.0415 M.

Answer: 1.90834 X 10 ^ 24

Explanation:

Molar mass Na2SO4 = 23x2+ 32+16X4

= 142g/mol

Mass of Na2SO4 = 450g

Moles of Na2SO4 = mass/ molar mass

= 450g/142g/mol = 3.170 mol

Avogadro's number = 6.02X 10 ^ 23/mol

Number of molecules = moles X avogadro's number

= 3.17 X 6.02X 10^ 23 = 1.90834 X 10 ^ 24 molecules

Therefore the number of molecules of Na2SO4 is1.90834 X 10 ^ 24

The pressure of the tire at -10°C would be 220.64 kPa.

According to the pressure law, the pressure exerted by molecules of gases is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gases.

This is mathematically expressed as: P1/T1 = P2/T2

Where P1 and P2 are the initial and final pressure and T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperature of the gas.

In this case, P1 = 250 kPa, T1 =  25°C or 298K, and T2 = -10°C or 263K

P2 = P1 x T2/T1 = 250 x 263/298

                         = 220.64 kPa

In other words, the new pressure of the tire would be 220.64 kPa.

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70 g of a solid solute is added to 50 g of water at 20 °c, and it all dissolves. when additional solute is added, it does not dissolve. KI is the solute.

What is solute ?

A solute is a substance that has dissolved in a solution. Molecules of the solvent often outnumber those of the solute in a fluid solution. In our daily lives, salt and water are two of the most prevalent solutes. Salt becomes a solute when it is dissolved in water.

What is solvent?

Solvents are employed to dissolve the substances that serve as the formulation's solutes. The components of these solutes can be solids, liquids, or gases. The use of a suitable solvent in conjunction with the solute is required to create a solution.

given: 70g of solute is added to 50g of water at 20degree C

solution: at 20degree C,

since graph is for 100g of water

multiple by 2

2 x 50g of water=100g of water

similarly 2 x 70g of solute= 140g of solute

at 20degree C, The solute KI falls at 140g

Therefore , KI is the solute

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