Explain both the physical and chemical breakdown of food in any one (1) of the four main stages of the digestive system

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Table 1. Functions of the Digestive Organs

Organ Major functions Other functions

Mouth  

Ingests food

Chews and mixes food

Begins chemical breakdown of carbohydrates

Moves food into the pharynx

Begins breakdown of lipids via lingual lipase

Moistens and dissolves food, allowing you to taste it

Cleans and lubricates the teeth and oral cavity

Has some antimicrobial activity

Pharynx  

Propels food from the oral cavity to the esophagus

Lubricates food and passageways

Esophagus  

Propels food to the stomach

Lubricates food and passageways

Stomach  

Mixes and churns food with gastric juices to form chyme

Begins chemical breakdown of proteins

Releases food into the duodenum as chyme

Absorbs some fat-soluble substances (for example, alcohol, aspirin)

Possesses antimicrobial functions

Stimulates protein-digesting enzymes

Secretes intrinsic factor required for vitamin B12 absorption in small intestine

Small intestine  

Mixes chyme with digestive juices

Propels food at a rate slow enough for digestion and absorption

Absorbs breakdown products of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, along with vitamins, minerals, and water

Performs physical digestion via segmentation

Provides optimal medium for enzymatic activity

Accessory organs  

Liver: produces bile salts, which emulsify lipids, aiding their digestion and absorption

Gallbladder: stores, concentrates, and releases bile

Pancreas: produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

Bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juices help neutralize acidic chyme and provide optimal environment for enzymatic activity

Large intestine  

Further breaks down food residues

Absorbs most residual water, electrolytes, and vitamins produced by enteric bacteria

Propels feces toward rectum

Eliminates feces

Food residue is concentrated and temporarily stored prior to defecation

Mucus eases passage of feces through colon

Digestive Processes

The processes of digestion include six activities: ingestion, propulsion, mechanical or physical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation.

The first of these processes, ingestion, refers to the entry of food into the alimentary canal through the mouth. There, the food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin breaking down the carbohydrates in the food plus some lipid digestion via lingual lipase. Chewing increases the surface area of the food and allows an appropriately sized bolus to be produced.

This image shows the peristaltic movement of food. In the left image, the food bolus is towards the top of the esophagus and arrows pointing downward show the direction of movement of the peristaltic wave. In the center image, the food bolus and the wave movement are closer to the center of the esophagus and in the right image, the bolus and the wave are close to the bottom end of the esophagus.

Figure 1. Peristalsis moves food through the digestive tract with alternating waves of muscle contraction and relaxation.

Food leaves the mouth when the tongue and pharyngeal muscles propel it into the esophagus. This act of swallowing, the last voluntary act until defecation, is an example of propulsion, which refers to the movement of food through the digestive tract. It includes both the voluntary process of swallowing and the involuntary process of peristalsis. Peristalsis consists of sequential, alternating waves of contraction and relaxation of alimentary wall smooth muscles, which act to propel food along (Figure 1). These waves also play a role in mixing food with digestive juices. Peristalsis is so powerful that foods and liquids you swallow enter your stomach even if you are standing on your head.

Digestion includes both mechanical and chemical processes. Mechanical digestion is a purely physical process that does not change the chemical nature of the food. Instead, it makes the food smaller to increase both surface area and mobility. It includes mastication, or chewing, as well as tongue movements that help break food into smaller bits and mix food with saliva. Although there may be a tendency to think that mechanical digestion is limited to the first steps of the digestive process, it occurs after the food leaves the mouth, as well. The mechanical churning of food in the stomach serves to further break it apart and expose more of its surface area to digestive juices, creating an acidic “soup” called chyme. Segmentation, which occurs mainly in the small intestine, consists of localized contractions of circular muscle of the muscularis layer of the alimentary canal. These contractions isolate small sections of the intestine, moving their contents back and forth while continuously subdividing, breaking up, and mixing the contents. By moving food back and forth in the intestinal lumen, segmentation mixes food with digestive juices and facilitates absorption.


Related Questions

classify. the procedures of collecting population data

Answers

Answer:

Human population data classification and estimation:

De fact method :when the census is conducted at an individual current residence .it is known as the de fact method.

De jure method : when the census is conducted T the person permanent residence it is known as de jure method. Hope you are satisfied with my answer

Paralysis is often the result of severe spinal Injurles. Why Is this often the case?
OA. All movement begins in the spine and radiates through the body.
OB. The splne in the only part of the body that is directly connected to the brain.
OC. The spine houses much of the central nervous system, which controls movement.
OD. The bones in the spine cannot regenerate and grow, unlike other bones in the body.

Answers

It’s b because I think gush’s CNN de nvm si ynyiuo is that good morning girl and a good girl girl I love
the most bones in your body are in your spine

pangunang lunas words

Answers

Answer:

pangunang lunas meaning is first aid

Explain the role of health education to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition illness and mortalily in the society​

Answers

Hope it helps you..!

7. Which of the following choices can speed up how fast alcohol leaves your body's system?

A. a cold shower

B. coffee

C. walking it off

D. None of the choices are correct

__________________________________________

8. Cirrhosis is:

A. an addiction to alcohol.

B. cancer of the liver.

C. inflammation of the liver.

D. scarring of the liver

Answers

7. D; rest, hydration, and time

8. D

None of the choices are correct can speed up how fast alcohol leaves your body's system. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver. Hence, option D and D are correct.

What is Cirrhosis?

Cirrhosis is the term used to describe the scarring of the liver brought on by persistent liver damage. The presence of scar tissue prevents the liver from operating normally. Cirrhosis is commonly referred to as end-stage liver disease since it appears after earlier stages of liver damage from conditions like hepatitis.

The average lifespan of patients with compensated cirrhosis may exceed 12 years. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis have a worse prognosis than those with compensated cirrhosis; their typical survival time without transplantation is only about two years.

The defining characteristics of cirrhosis include weakness and exhaustion. Weight loss results from loss of appetite and illness. You might see red spots on your palms and spider-like blood vessels on your skin above the waist.

Thus, option D and D are correct.

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IDENTIFY 2 MYTHS YOU DID NOT KNOW, EXISTED?

Answers

Answer:

Theogony: Clash of the Titans  and the Three Sisters of Fate.

Explanation:

Theogony: Clash of the Titans  and the Three Sisters of Fate are the two myths that I think did not existed in the history. Theogony is the myth which  tells us how Cronus overthrew Uranus, and then how in turn Zeus overthrew Cronus and his fellow Titans. It also tells how Zeus was the final and permanent ruler of the cosmos. The three Sisters of Fate are Lahkesis, Atropos, and Clotho that is responsible for the fates of every mortal, God, and Titan. According to mythology, Clotho, Lahkesis, and Atropos were the daughters of Erebus and Nyx. I don't think so that these myths occurs in reality.

(He, Him) and (I, me) went to the park to play

Answers

Answer:

Probably way to late, but the answer is 'He and I went to the park to play.'

Hope that it wasn't to late!

1, You can catch a STI or HIV from door knobs, toilet seats, or drinking fountains. True or False
2, Statistics show the largest number of people who have Chlamydia are teenagers and young adults. True or False
3, Syphilis and gonorrhea are the only serious STI. True or False
4, The symptoms of STI/HIV are sometimes not noticed. True or False
5, When the symptoms of STI go away, you don't need to see a doctor. True or False
6, You can only have one STI at a time. True or False
7, There are things you can do to reduce your risk of a STI infection. True or False
8, You have to be 18 years or older to be treated for STI/HIV. True or False
9, Once you've had an STI you cannot get that particular STI again. True or False
10, You cannot get STI/HIV the first time you have sex. True or False
11, You have to name your sexual contacts when you receive STI/HIV treatment. True or False
12, You do not need your parent’s consent to be treated for STI/HIV. True or False
13, You can always tell if a person has a STI by looking at their genitals. True or False
14, Untreated STI can cause sterility (inability to become or get someone pregnant). True or False
15, Clean people are not likely to get an STI. True or False
16, People who choose abstinence will not get an STI. True or False
17, STI/HIV are easy to cure. True or False
18, All STIs can be cured. True or False
19, Condoms provide a good protection from STI/HIV. True or False

PLS HELP AND THANK YOU

Answers

Answer:

1. false

2. true

3. false

4.true

5.false

6.false

7.true

8.false

9.false

10.false

11.true

12.false

13.false

14.true

15.false

16.true

17.false

18.false

19.true

I need pounts rn so sorry

Select the developmentally appropriate activities a child 6 - 12 months old will master.
eating
talking
crawling
standing
walking

Answers

Crawling and eating
Crawling & standing should be mastered by one year. For sure. Walking should be between 12 months to 12 1/2 months.

So the answer is standing & crawling.

Please help me fast


if the population in 2001 of January was 5000 and same year in December last population was decreased by 500 and total live birth was 300 in that year. what could be the CBR (crude birth rate)​

Answers

Answer:

This is how you solve it.

Explanation:

The crude birth rate is calculated by dividing the number of the total population by the number of births in one year

what does unintentional and intentional injury mean?

Answers

Answer:

The term "intentional" is used to refer to injuries resulting from purposeful human action, whether directed at oneself or others. Intentional injuries include self inflicted and interpersonal acts of violence intended to cause harm.

Unintentional injuries are injuries that occur without purposeful intent, and are a leading cause of death and disability. most common types of unintentional injuries in the United States include: motor vehicle accidents, suffocation, drowning, poisoning, fire/burns, falls and sports and recreation

The term "intentional" is used to refer to injuries resulting from purposeful human action, whether directed at oneself or others. Intentional injuries include self inflicted and interpersonal acts of violence intended to cause harm.

Explanation:

Glenn has a family history of diabetes. Which lifestyle change should he adopt to lower his chances of developing diabetes?

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

cus I’m smart

Carmen tells Martina, "I had sex twice without protection and I didn't get pregnant or any STIs. I'm sure you'll be fine too."

What type of peer pressure is Carmen using?

A.
rejection
B.
reasoning
C.
put down

Answers

Answer:

B. Reasoning

Explanation:

She is obviously reasoning with her on how she will be fine is she has sex without any type of protection.

B.


Explained: she saying she hasn’t catched anything yet so whats the harm I’m not using condoms

In the space provided, describe how the intestines, liver, stomach, and pancreas all work together



1-2 sentences

Answers

Your pancreas makes a digestive juice that has enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The pancreas delivers the digestive juice to the small intestine through small tubes called ducts. Liver. Your liver makes a digestive juice called bile that helps digest fats and some vitamins.

Your pancreas makes a digestive juice that has enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The pancreas delivers the digestive juice to the small intestine through small tubes called ducts. Liver. Your liver makes a digestive juice called bile that helps digest fats and some vitamins.

What is enviromental Health????​

Answers

Answer:

Environmental health is all a about how the environment is doing and if its thriving or dying out for example pollution is bad and if there is alot of pollution that affects the environmental health making it worse

Explanation:

Environmental health is the branch of public health that: focuses on the relationships between people and their environment; promotes human health and well-being; and fosters healthy and safe communities. Environmental health is a key part of any comprehensive public health system.

What action about healthy food choices can a person make at home?

Answers

Buy less junk food and look at the calories and use less food proportions

4. What is the purpose of the maintenance phase of recovery?
A. to reduce the life-threatening effect of alcohol withdrawal
B. to help the patient choose a treatment that best suits his or her needs
C. to explain the dangers involved in continued alcohol abuse
D. to help the recovering alcoholic avoid relapse

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The maintenance phase of recovery helps alcoholic victims not to go back to their bad habits, thus improving the victims state of health.

Is brown sugar healthier then white sugar? ​

Answers

Answer:

Contrary to common belief, they are nutritionally similar. Brown sugar contains slightly more minerals than white sugar but will not provide any health benefits. In fact, your intake of all types of sugar should be limited for optimal health.

Explanation:

Hope it helps.

yes ! brown sugar is healthier than white sugar because brown sugar contain slightly more minerals than white sugar...

hope it will helpful

how can you correct other people from believing different myths and fallacies about non-communicable disease?

please help​

Answers

Let me first say that you can’t make someone believe anything they don’t want to believe so if you want to try to get them to see your side and believe differently than they do I would suggest doing extensive research and not just research on websites that are not reliable go to actual websites from doctors and hospitals etc. and even ask people with the same disease if you can.
PS don’t down the person for their beliefs or tell them that they’re believe are wrong because you don’t know the reason for their belief Just help them to see the truth but don’t push them from it

3. The brain and the spinal cord make up which part of the Nervous System?

O Peripheral Nervous System
O Central Nervous System
OExterior Nervous System
O Interior Nervous Systern​

Answers

Answer:

O. Central Nervous System.

Wish It's help you

Answer:

Central Nervous System

A 21-year-old woman presents with a 3-month history of a black mole on her right calf. She tells you that the lesion is enlarging and expanding. It began to itch about 3 weeks ago, and it has bled 2 times. She thinks that there may have been a mole near the same spot previously, but she is not certain. Her general health is good; there is no history of chronic illness, hospitalizations, or surgeries. She works as a professional model for a large advertisement agency. She does not take any prescription medication; she does not use tobacco, alcohol, or recreational drugs. Although she has dark hair, she has a fair skin, and she says that she usually burns with even short sun exposure. She does occasionally use a tanning booth prior to modeling events and vacations. There is no family history of skin cancer.
VS stable, she looks anxious, but she is otherwise well.
There is a dark brown-black nodule on the right calf 1 cm in diameter.
On the surface of the nodule, there is a tiny area of crusting. There are no hairs. The nodule is asymmetrical, and its border is sharply demarcated; the color is uniform, and the elevation is regular. There is a narrow (1-2 mm) rim of erythema around most of the nodule. She has a sprinkling (about 25-30 in all) of melanocytic nevi on her trunk and legs. There is no significant local or distal lymphadenopathy. The liver is not palpable. The remainder of the physical examination is unremarkable.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

Answers

Answer:

not a doctor or anything but to me the most likely diagnosis is that If she models, and goes for tanning, the mole might have come into contact with some chemical thought that is unlikely.

it can also be that there was prolonged sun exposure on that area which caused the ledion

A client experiencing mania who tends to be manipulative says angrily you had better let me out of here or I'm going to call my lawyer

Answers

What is the question?

Muscular endurance is a component of health related physical fitness ?

Answers

(1) body composition, (2) flexibility, (3) muscular strength, (4) muscular endurance, and (5) cardiorespiratory endurance.

A late preterm newborn is being prepared for discharge to home after being in the neonatal intensive care unit for 4 days. The nurse instructs the parents about the care of their newborn and emphasizes warning signs that should be reported to the pediatrician immediately. The nurse determines that additional teaching is needed based on which parental statement?

a. "If our newborn's skin turns yellow, it is from the treatments and our newborn is okay."
b. "If our newborn does not have a wet diaper in 12 hours, we will call our pediatrician."
c. "We will let the pediatrician know if our newborn's temperature goes above 100.4°F (38°C)."
d. "We will call 911 if we start to see that our newborn's lips or skin are looking bluish."

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

How do nutritional needs change over time?
a. The number of calories needed increases throughout a person's lifetime.
b. The number of calories needed increases from infancy to young adulthood.
c. The number of calories needed increases from young adulthood until old age.
d. The number of calories needed remains the same from young adulthood throughout old age.

Answers

Answer:

c)

Explanation:

La planificación de comidas, beber una cantidad mínima de agua y no abusar del azúcar son algunas de las pautas que los expertos recomiendan: Realizar cinco comidas al día. Además del desayuno, la comida y la cena, se deben realizar dos tentempiés más ligeros a media mañana y por la tarde

alcoholism is also known as alcohol dependence or addiction true false

Answers

Answer:

true

Explanation:

It is true that alcoholism is also known as alcohol dependence or addiction.

What is alcoholism?"A chronic disease characterised by uncontrolled drinking and preoccupation with alcohol."It increases blood pressure, heart beat and heart diseases.It increases the risk of getting disease, cause cancer, weakens immune response.It can also affect your cognitive abilities.In alcohol dependency, an individual has to drink its higher amounts to have same high. "Addiction means the condition of being addicted to a particular substance or activity."

Hence, the given statement is true.

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A food worker is cooking a whole salmon fillet.
What minimum internal temperature must the salmon reach?
a. 135°F (57°C)
O b. 145°F (63°C)
O c. 155°F (68°C)
O d. 165°F (74°C)

Answers

Answer:

145 degrees Fahrenheit

Safe Temperature

The United States Food and Drug Administration recommends cooking salmon to an internal temperature of 145 degrees Fahrenheit. Push the tip of the meat thermometer gently into the middle of the salmon fillet at its thickest part.

145°F (63°C) is the minimum internal temperature the salmon must reach.

What temperature is salmon medium-rare?

If you're unsure whether thicker fillets are ready, check the internal temperature. Insert a thermometer in the thickest part of the fillet and look for it to read a temperature of 120°F for medium-rare.

Which food must be cooked to at least 145?

145 Degrees Fahrenheit: Beef, pork, bacon, ham, seafood, fish, and eggs you intend to serve right away need to reach this temperature for proper food safety. The temperature must be maintained for a minimum of 15 seconds.

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healthy environment supports healthy and happy life.justify​

Answers

Explanation:

Explanation: Healthy environment indicates good and protective nature without hazards. This healthy environment supports life of all living organisms with out any problems. Healthy life gives happiness increasing the life span of the people.

In the 1800’s and early 1900’s, what were the leading causes of death?

Answers

Answer:

In the 1800s the leading cause of death was dysentery and in the early 1900s the leading cause of death was Tuberculosis, diarrhea and enteritis

Explanation:

____relieve pain and suppress coughing and diarrhea.
•Narcotics
•Inhalants
•Depressants
•Hallucinogens
•Stimulants

Answers

Answer:

Narcotics

Explanation:

Have a nice day

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