Draw the alkyl bromide(s) you would use in a malonic ester synthesis of ethyl 2-methylbutanoate
Answers
The structure of the alkyl bromides used in a malonic ester synthesis of ethyl 2-methyl-4-pentenoate are as drawn in the attached image.
Ethyl 2-methyl-4-pentenoate by Malonic ester synthesis.The malonic ester synthesis is a chemical reaction characterized by the alkylation of diethyl malonate or a similar ester of malonic acid at the carbon alpha (directly adjacent) to both carbonyl groups, and subsequently converted to a substituted acetic acid.
Hence, it follows from the structure of Ethyl 2-methyl-4-pentenoate that the alkyl bromides used are Ethyl bromide and methyl bromide.
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Alkyl bromide is a compound that contains a halogen atom in alkane based structure. The structure of the alkyl bromides is attached in the image below.
What is Malonic ester synthesis?Malonic ester synthesis is the alkylation of an ester of malonic acid or diethyl malonate at alpha carbon and is converted to substituted acetic acid.
In malonic ester synthesis of ethyl 2-methyl butanoate, ethyl bromide and methyl bromide are the alkyl bromides used and their images are attached below.
Therefore, alkyl bromides used in the synthesis are ethyl bromide and methyl bromide.
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Related Questions
Can anyone help me on this please.
Answers
The volume of a certain gas is 29.3 liters at STP. what would the volume of the same gas at 1.39 atmospheres and -23.0℃?
A. 23 L
B. 37.3 L
C. 19.3 L
D. 22.4 L
Answers
Option C) 19.3L is the correct answer.
Hence, the final volume of the gas at the standard atmospheres and temperature is 19.3L.
Given the data in the question;
Initial volume of gas; [tex]V_1 = 29.3L[/tex]At Standard temperature and pressure( STP)
Initial temperature; [tex]T_1 = 273.15K[/tex]Initial pressure; [tex]P_1 = 1.00atm[/tex]Then
Final pressure; [tex]P_2 = 1.39atm[/tex]Final temperature; [tex]T_2 = -23.0^0C = 250.15K[/tex]Final Volume; [tex]V_2 = \ ?[/tex]
Combined gas lawCombined gas law combines both Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It states that the ratio of the product of volume and pressure and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant.
It is expressed as;
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
To determine the new volume of the gas, we substitute our values into the expression above.
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}\\\\P_1V_1T_2 = P_2V_2T_1\\\\1.00atm * 29.3L * 250.15K = 1.39atm * V_2 * 273.15K\\\\7329.395atm.L.K = 379.6785atm.K * V_2\\\\V_2 = \frac{7329.395atm.L.K}{379.6785atm.K} \\\\V_2 = 19.3L[/tex]
Option C) 19.3L is the correct answer.
Hence, the final volume of the gas at the standard atmospheres and temperature is
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A radioactive element has a half-life of six days. What is the approximate decay rate of the element after the first day? 0. 9% 1. 5% 8. 3% 10. 9%.
Answers
A radioactive element has a half-life of six days then the approximate decay rate of the element after the first day is 8.3%.
What is the half life time?Half life time is that time during which half of the concentration of reactant will changed into the product.
According to the question:
In 6 days = 50% of the reactant will change into product
In 1 day = 50%/6 of the reactant will change into product
So, in 1 day = 8.3% of the reactant will change into product
Hence option (3) is correct.
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if you are a form of an alto cloud, where in the troposphere would you be located? high middle or low
Answers
Answer:
These clouds extend through the lower and mid-layers of the troposphere bringing rain to the surface below.
Explanation:
The bases of clouds in the middle level of the troposphere, given the prefix “alto,”
mid-layers of the troposphere bringing rain
to the surface below.
A mixture of hydrochloric acid and lithium hydroxide produces lithium chloride and water. How many moles of water are produced from 3.25 moles of hydrochloric acid?
Answers
If a mixture of hydrochloric acid and lithium hydroxide produces lithium chloride and water, 3.25 moles of water are produced from 3.25 moles of hydrochloric acid.
How to calculate number of moles?According to this question, a mixture of hydrochloric acid and lithium hydroxide produces lithium chloride and water. The balanced chemical equation is as follows:
HCl + LiOH = LiCl + H2O
Based on the above equation, 1 mole of HCl produces 1 mole of water.
3.25 moles of HCl will produce 3.25 moles of H2O.
Therefore, a mixture of hydrochloric acid and lithium hydroxide produces lithium chloride and water, 3.25 moles of water are produced from 3.25 moles of hydrochloric acid.
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why do NaCl and CaCl2 conduct electricity when they are dissolved in water or when they are in the molten form, but not in the solid state?
Answers
Answer:
The ions differentiate when in molten form.
In solid form, no ions are free to flow like in molten form.
In molten or water form, ions flow through the substance with ease, conducting electricity.
Hope it helps
Be great!
HELPSPEPEP ILL BRAINLIST!!!
Explain the scale of recycling that is currently present in Australia and predict how traditional industries could be affected by an increase in recycling in Australia.
make it short and simple pls. ty.
Answers
Answer:
Negative impacts include: noise, air and odour pollution from collection and reprocessing facilities; costs to set up recycling infrastructure and education materials for new areas; and costs associated with innovations and technologies, which are likely to be passed on to end consumers in product prices.
Explanation:
How many atoms are there in 12 moles of sulfur
Answers
Which option correctly describes the reactants and products of a chemical reaction?.
Answers
Answer:
Chemical reaction occurs when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . The substance that go into a chemical reactions are called reactants, and the substance produced at the end of the reaction are known as the product .
Place the following in order of decreasing radius.
Te2- F- O2-
Answers
Answer:
Option 2 is correct.
Define acid and base according to lewis theory, arrhenius theory and lawn theory
Answers
Answer:
Three principal theories about acid-base are,
1. Arrhenius theory
2. Bronsted-Lowry theory
3. Lux-Flood definition
4. Lewis theory
5. Usanovich definition
1. According to the Arrhenius, acids give up hydrogen ion in aqueous medium and a base give up hydroxyl ion in its aqueous medium. Examples are aqueous solution of HCl, CH3COOH, PhCOOH, and H2SO4. These give up H+ in an aqueous medium. Aqueous solutions of NaOH, Ca (OH)2 are Arrhenius bases.
Arrhenius theory has some limitations. This theory cannot explain the acidic nature of BF3 or basic behavior of NH3. This theory fails to give any explanation about acidity and basicity which does not produce H+ and OH- in their aqueous solutions.
2. According to the Bronsted-Lowry, an acid releases proton and a base accepts proton. NH3 accepts proton and forms ammonium ion, so ammonia acts as a base.
But this theory also has limitations. According to this theory acidic behavior of BF3 still cannot be explained.
3. Lux-Flood describes the acid-base theories based on oxide ion transformation. It gives clear explanation for acid-bases theories of non-protonic system. According to them, a base will donate the oxygen atom and an acid will accept oxygen atom.
4. According to the Lewis theory, acids are those substances which accept electron pair and base are those substances which donates electron pairs. Lewis theory can explain the acidic nature of BF3. In BF3, B is two electrons short to fulfil its octet. So it can accept a pair of electrons from an electron donating substituent. So it is an electron pair acceptor compound and acts as an acid.
Substances which have π electrons can donate electron pair to an electron deficient substance and acts as a base. Ethylene and acetylene is Lewis bases. AlCl3, PCl3 are Lewis acids.
5. According Usanovich, an acid is some chemical species which would react with bases and yields cations or accepts anions or electrons. A base is some chemical species which would react with acids, yield anions or electrons or combine with cations.
Explanation:
Pls help A student studies the effect of an object's height on its amount of gravitational energy. This graph summarizes the data from the study. Which statement best describes what the graph shows? A. As height increases, gravitational energy decreases. B. As height increases, gravitational energy increases. C. As height increases, gravitational energy increases exponentially. D. As height increases, gravitational energy decreases exponentially.
Answers
Answer:
B, as height increases gravitational energy increases
A students finds a FeNO3 . 3H2O solution with a 1.8 concentration . She uses a a 2 cm wide cuvette in a colorimeter to measure the absorbance. The molar absorptivity of CuSO4 . 5H2O is 42.243 M-1cm-1
What is the Absorbance of the solution?
Answers
The absorbance of a solution that has a concentration of 1.8 is 152.75.
How to calculate absorbance?The absorbance of a substance can be calculated using Beer's law equation as follows:
A = εmCl
Where;
A = absorbanceεm = molar absorptivityC = concentration of solutionl = path lengthAccording to this question, the following information are given:
A = ?εm = 42.243 M-1cm-1C = 1.8l = 2cmA = 42.43 × 1.8 × 2
A = 152.75
Therefore, the absorbance of a solution that has a concentration of 1.8 is 152.75.
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Lithium seems to have dramatic effects on the nervous system, yet our bodies seemingly never evolved to use lithium endogenously, rather focusing on sodium, potassium, and calcium. what is a plausible explanation for this?
Answers
Given its small size and high polarizing power, lithium is only involved in covalent rather than ionic bonds in the body as does sodium, potassium, and calcium.
What is lithium?Lithium is a metal and a member of group 1 in the periodic table. It is a very small ion hence it has a different chemistry from the rest of the members of the group.
Lithium is not part of any of the biomolecules because given its small size and high polarizing power, it is only involved in covalent rather than ionic bonds in the body as does sodium, potassium, and calcium.
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What current (in a) is required to plate out 2. 96 g of nickel from a solution of ni2 in 27. 12 minutes?
Answers
The current required to plate out 2.96 g of nickel from the solution of Ni²⁺ in 27.12 minutes is 5.95 A
Balanced equationWe'll begin by writing the balanced equation showing the number of faraday required to plate nickel. This is given below
Ni²⁺ + 2e —> Ni
Molar mass of Ni = 59 g/mol
Mass of Ni from the balanced equation = 1 × 59 = 59 g
Number of faraday = 2 F
1 faraday = 96500 C
2 faraday = 2 × 96500 = 193000 C
SUMMARY
From the balanced equation above,
59 g of Nickel was deposited by 193000 C of electricity
How to determine the quantity of electricityFrom the balanced equation above,
59 g of Nickel was deposited by 193000 C of electricity
Therefore,
2.96 g of Nickel will be deposited by = (2.96 × 193000) / 59 = 9682.71 C of electricity
How to determine the current Quantity of electricity (Q) = 9682.71 CTime (t) = 27.12 mins = 27.12 × 60 = 1627.2 sCurrent (I) =?I = Q / t
I = 9682.71 / 1627.2
I = 5.95 A
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The current required to plate out 2. 96 g of nickel from a solution of ni2 in 27. 12 minutes is 5.95 ampere.
What is current?Current is a charged particle moving through an electrical conductor.
The equation is [tex]\rm Ni^2^+ + 2e = Ni[/tex]
step 1: calculate the mass of Ni
Molar mass of Ni is 59 g/mol
59 × 1 = 59 g
Step2: calculate the number of Faraday
no. of Faraday is 2F
1 Faraday = 96500 C
then, 2 Faraday is equal to 2 × 96500 = 193000 C
Step 3: calculate the quantity of electricity
59 g of Nickel is deposited by, 193000 C of electricity
So, for 2.96 g of nickel
[tex]\dfrac{2. 96\;g \times 193000}{59} = 9682.71 \;C[/tex]
Step4: calculate the current:
Electricity Q = 9682.71 C
Time = [tex]27.12 \times 60 = 1627.2 \;s[/tex]
To find current
[tex]I = \dfrac{Q}{t} \\\\I = \dfrac{9682.71 }{1627.2}\\I = 5.95 A[/tex]
Thus, the current required is 5.95 ampere.
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A container with a volume 2. 0 L is filled with a gas at a pressure of 1. 5 atm. By decreasing the volume of the container to 1. 0 L, what is the resulting pressure? Type in your answer using the correct number of significant figures. Remember to use the formula for Boyle's law: P1V1 = P2V2 atm.
Answers
The resulting pressure of the gas after decreasing the initial volume from 2 L to 1 L is 3 atm.
What is Boyle's Law?According to the Boyle's Law at constant temperature, pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to the volume of that gas.
For the given question we use the below equation is:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂, where
P₁ = initial pressure of gas = 1.5 atm
V₁ = initial volume of gas = 2 L
P₂ = final pressure of gas = ?
V₂ = final volume of gas = 1 L
On putting all these values on the above equation, we get
P₂ = (1.5atm)(2L) / (1L) = 3 atm
Hence required pressure of the gas is 3 atm.
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What is meant by the phrase “a consistent method of measurement"?
A. Things are measured the same way each time.
B. All measurements are in Sl units.
C. Every measurement is exactly the same numerical value.
D. The same person performs all measurements.
Answers
Answer:
A. Things are measured the same way each time.
Explanation:
How does the presence of a nucleus provide a method of basic cell classification?
Answers
Answer:
Sample Respond: The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell.
good luck
Explanation:
I got 100 mark as brainiest
A colloid in which a liquid is dispersed in a solid is called a(n)
Answers
Answer:
GEL
Explanation:
A colloid is a type of mixture that consists of insoluble particles in another substance. Liquid dispersed in a colloidal solid is called a gel.
What is gel?A gel is the dispersion of liquid molecules in a solid medium. It is a type of mixture that includes the suspension of particles in another substance. They are colloid that behaves like solid.
The liquid molecules of the medium become thick and viscous in the solid particles and form aggregates of the particles.
Therefore, colloid in which liquid is dispersed in solid is gel.
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guys can you help me to fill in the missing blanks
Answers
Answer:
Silver NitratePotassium HydroxideAmmonium ChlorideCalcium CarbonateCopper NitrateAmmonium HydroxideAmmonium NitrateSodium SulfateWhat element is commonly used to reduce iron oxide?
Answers
Answer:
The element that is commonly used to reduce iron oxide would be carbon.
Explanation:
:)
Iron oxide is reduced to a lower oxide or metal by gaseous carbon monoxide or solid carbon.
What is Reduction?Reduction is defined as the chemical reaction which involves addition of hydrogen or removal of oxygen or gain of electrons.
For example,
2Na + H2 → 2NaH (addition of hydrogen)
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O(removal of oxygen)
Fe3+ + e- → Fe2+ (gain of electron)
Above example of reduction reaction is when oxygen reacts with iron to form rust. In this reaction oxygen is reduced because it accepts electrons from iron, which is oxidized.
Thus, Iron oxide is reduced to a lower oxide or metal by gaseous carbon monoxide or solid carbon.
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True or false: Energy is always transferred from high kinetic energy (temperature) too low kinetic energy (low temperature)
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules, so energy would naturally be transferred from the molecules with more kinetic energy to the molecules with less kinetic energy
* look at the photo *
1. saturated solutions of each of the following compounds are made at 20°c. circle the letter(s) of the solution(s), which will form a precipitate upon heating.
a) nacl b) na2so4 c) li2co3 d) sucrose
2. a saturated solution of potassium chloride is prepared in 100.0 g of water at 20°c. if the solution is heated to
50°c, how much more kcl must be added to obtain a saturated solution?
3. a saturated solution of sucrose in 1000.0 g of boiling water is cooled to 20°c. what mass of rock candy will be formed?
Answers
The solubility curve can show the variation of solubility with temperature.
What is a saturated solution?A saturated solution is one in which there is just enough solute as it can dissolve at a given temperature. The imege is missing hence the question is incomplete.
The solubility curve shows us the solubility of each substance but unfortunately we do not have it hence we can not answer the questions but we do know that the solubility curve can show the variation of solubility with temperature.
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Which two elements will be the most alike and why?
Which two elements will be the most alike and why?
Lithium (Li) and Sodium (Na) because they are both metals and are in the same group
Oxygen (O) and Neon (Ne) because they are both noble gases
Helium (He) and Hydrogen (H) because they are both non-metals and are in the same row.
Answers
Explanation:
The first statement is correct
Li &Na
Draw the structure of the major organic product(s) of the reaction. Grinard's
Answers
Answer:
There is drawing of the major organic product of reaction
UHHH HELP I STUCK IN THIS ONE
Answers
Answer:
I believe it's B oxygen
Explanation:
Answer:
D, carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
In order to survive, animals need oxygen, food, and shelter.
The percentage of keys you type correctly is A. accuracy B. correctness C. exactness D. precision WHO EVER GETS THIS EARNS BRAINLIST!
Answers
How many Hydrogen atoms are there in 3NaOH?
Answers
Answer:
9 I believe
Explanation:
calculate the number of mole and molecule in 10g water
Answers
Answer:
1 mole of water weighs 18g. 10/18 moles = 10/18 * 6 * 10^23 number of molecules = 3.33 * 10^23 molecules of water. Each molecule of water has 3 atoms, so the total number of atoms in 10g of water is 3*3.33*10^23 = 10^24.
Explanation:
How are oceans and salt marshes different? B A Salt marshes have deeper water than oceans. Salt marshes have shallower water than oceans. Salt marshes have more organisms than oceans. D . Salt marshes have more wave action than oceans. С
Answers
Answer:
Salt marshes have shallower water than oceans
Explanation:
oceans go way deeper then salt marshes with the deepest part of thr ocean at 35,876ft deep
Answer: Salt marshes have shallower water than oceans.
Explanation: oceans are deeper