Discuss how you will use the "8-Step process
to critical thinking" in your personal and
professional life. Provide examples to
support your answers

Answers

Answer 1

I will use the "8-Step process to critical thinking" in my personal and professional life in many ways.

What is the "8-Step process to critical thinking"?

The "8-Step process to critical thinking" includes the following categories:

ReflectionAnalysisInformation AcquisitionCreativityStructuring argumentsDecision makingCommitmentDebate.

The 8-step process involves a process of identifying, observing, describing, questioning, researching, establishing, responding, and sharing knowledge to achieve life improvements.

In my personal and professional life, I need to seek knowledge, information, and understanding to enhance the application of concepts and innovations to living and work.

After acquiring the required information, I will carry out a critical analysis and synthesis before taking action.  Results obtained from my actions must be reflected upon to provide guidance for future activities.

Thus, the "8-Step process to critical thinking" will remain useful in my personal and professional life.

Learn more about the "8-Step process to critical thinking" at https://brainly.com/question/1376582

#SPJ1


Related Questions

Assessing opportunity cost involves

Answers

The act of assessing opportunity cost involves making choices and dealing with consequences.

What is an opportunity cost?

This refers to the most desirable alternative given up as the result of a decision.

It is also the concept that cost of something that has to be given up to enjoy something better.

Hence, the act of assessing opportunity cost involves making choices and dealing with consequences.

Read more about opportunity cost

brainly.com/question/481029

#SPJ1

Answer: A. making choices and dealing with consequences.

Explanation: I just took the quiz on edge 2023.

price is important to managers

Answers

Price is important to managers because it has a substantial effect on a company's profitability and sustainability.

Why is pricing important?

The importance of pricing is traced to the fact that defines the value or worth of a product and the number of customers that demand the product.

For the consumer of products, price is a key factor that determines purchase decisions.

Thus, price is important to managers because it has a substantial effect on a company's profitability and sustainability.

Learn more about pricing at https://brainly.com/question/15569228

#SPJ1

Question Completion:

Why is price important to managers?

Write a short memo to Ms Loki explaining the business performance findings of your statement of cash flow.

Answers

The memo explaining the business performance findings from the statement of cash flow will entails:

address of the receiversubject of the memobody of the memo.

What is a statement of cash flow?

This refers to the financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing and financing activities.

Hence, the memo will inform Ms Loki about  business performance findings especially on the cash position of the business such as the inflow and outflow of cash from the firm.

Read more about statement of cash flow

brainly.com/question/24179665

#SPJ1

Describe how the over or under application of overhead should be corrected

Answers

Over or under application of overhead should be corrected by  closing it to Retained Earnings the Cost of goods sold as well  Finished goods Work in process.

What is Retained earnings?

Retained earnings serves as the  cumulative net earnings of a company  after the accounting for dividends.

This can be used to correct the Over or under application of overhead.

Learn more about Retained earnings at

https://brainly.com/question/25631040

#SPJ1

Which of the following is true concerning economic growth?
Group of answer choices

A. Nations achieve high rates of economic growth primarily because of their natural resource endowments.

B. Human and physical capital investments are largely irrelevant to economic growth.

C. Poor nations grow slowly because they do not have access to modern technology

D. An institutional environment that provides a strong incentive for people to engage in productive activities will promote economic growth.

Answers

The statement that is true is An institutional environment that provides a strong incentive for people to engage in productive activities will promote economic growth. Option D is correct

What is Economic growth?

Economic growth is used when a country performs better than the previous years in terms of it economy.

The country may have an increase the in quantity if goods supplied ands demanded that year compare to other years thereby increasing the money in.

Therefore, the statement that is true is An institutional environment that provides a strong incentive for people to engage in productive activities will promote economic growth. Option D is correct

Learn more on economic growth below

https://brainly.com/question/1690575

#SPJ1

Lisa has a credit card with a limit of $3,000. This means that

Answers

This means that Lisa cannot spend more than $3000 on her credit card. If she tries to spend more than $3000 using her credit card, her credit card will get declined.

Lisa has a credit card with a limit means :

Your credit score usage price — the amount of revolving credit you're presently using divided by means of the whole amount of revolving credit score you have to be had — is one of the most critical factors that influence your credit score scores. So it is a terrific idea to try to maintain it beneath 30%, which is what is commonly encouraged.

What is a credit score card?

A credit score card is a form of credit score facility, supplied by means banks that permit customers to borrow a budget inside a pre-approved credit restriction. It permits customers to make purchase transactions on goods and offerings.

What does credit card restriction suggest?

In very simple terms, the credit restriction or the Credit Card limit is the maximum quantity that someone can spend on his or her credit Card. This restriction is something that the issuing business enterprise fixes.

What occurs when you hit your credit score card restriction?

Right here are the most common consequences related to spending over your credit score restriction: Your credit score card may be declined. you may pay an over-limit rate. Your interest fees could move up.

Learn more about credit cards here: https://brainly.com/question/26867415

#SPJ2

How can production in firms, rather than families, contribute to the growth of living standards?

Answers

Production in firms, rather than in families allows for a larger scale of operation and allows for a labor market with the possibility of firing those employees who do not expend sufficient effort.

the level of productiveness is the most fundamental and essential element determining the standard of living. raising it allows human beings to get what they need faster or get extra inside the identical quantity of time. supply rises with productivity, which decreases real costs and will increase actual wages.

productiveness will increase have enabled the U.S. enterprise quarter to produce 9 instances more goods and offerings because 1947 with a exceptionally small increase in hours labored. With boom in productivity, an economic system is able to produce—and consume—an increasing number of items and offerings for the identical quantity of work.

Learn more about film Production here: https://brainly.com/question/2828278

#SPJ4

bottom up approach is not applicable when

Answers

Bottom up approach is not applicable systematically to all places in all circumstances.

The bottom-up approach can not be carried out systematically to all locations in all situations.The bottom-up technique is being applied when off-the-shelf or existing additives are decided on and incorporated into the product. An example would encompass choosing a selected fastener, which include a bolt, and designing the receiving components such that the fastener will fit nicely.

When selections are being made at multiple degrees, personnel can be running without checking in with one another. Bottom-up processing is a justification for insights that start with an approaching improvement and operating upwards until an define of the thing is fashioned to us. It refers to processing sensory information as it's miles coming in.

Learn more about Bottom up here:-https://brainly.com/question/24867789

#SPJ1

Normalization

The situation analysis section of a business plan for all of a company's products,
product lines, or services may include a SWOT analysis. Which of the following is
one of the elements of a SWOT analysis?

Technology
Options
Warehousing
Threats

Answers

Answer:

technology

Explanation:

because they have to be search

How can you minimize your risk while maximizing your potential gains?

Short-term investing
Avoid investing when inflation is high
Choose investments based on the news
Diversifying investments among types

Answers

In order to maximize your potential gains while minimizing risk, you should try Diversifying investments among types.

What is the benefit of diversifying investments?

When investments are diversified, it reduces the risk of losing your investments when certain classes of assets face a downturn.

You also stand to make better gains because the investments will provide a positive return more often than not.

Find out more on diversifying investments at https://brainly.com/question/1364836.

#SPJ1

White sayWhite says, “We live in a world where success is defined by income.” Do you agree with this statement? Discuss examples in your life that support or negate this idea.s, “We live in a world where success is defined by income.” Do you agree with this statement? Discuss examples in your life that support or negate this idea.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

No, I don't agree with this statement as true success is finding eternal peace.  if you are earning handsome but you are not happy from the inside so what's the use of money when you aren't happy in your life .

For Example:

You are Earning handsome but you  are ill and you can not eat delicious food . so will you be Happy?

The average total cost of producing electronic calculators in a factory is $16 at the current output level of 100 units per week. If fixed cost is $530 per week, then what is the firm's variable cost? (enter answer as just a number, no commas, dollar signs, or the like)

Answers

The variable cost (related to the production volume) will be 10.7 in total per week (100 units)

100 units x 16 dollar total unit cost =  1600

the total cost is composed of both, variable and fixed costs so we have to subtract the fixed cost to arrive at the variable cost.

total cost = fixed + varible

total - fixed = variable

1600 - 530  = 1070

The variable cost is 1070 in total

while: 1070/ 100 = 10.7 per unit.

Variable costs are costs that change as the quantity changes. Examples of variable costs include raw materials, parts labor, production materials, handling charges, shipping charges, packaging materials, and credit card fees. In some accounting documents, variable costs are called "cost of goods sold."

Learn more about variable costs at

https://brainly.com/question/5965421

#SPJ1

5.Michelle is an estate agent. She hears from her friend Jonathan that Sarah wants to sell her house. Michelle promises that if she sells Sarah's house and receives her payment, she would pay Jonathan R2 000. She phones Sarah and speaks to her 2ssistant Thabo. Thabo is an employee of Sarah's and manages all of her properties. Michelle offers her services in selling the house at the best possible price. All she wants for her troubles is R20 000. Who in this specific example is the principal? And justify your answer. ​

Answers

In the question that we have here the person that is the principal is Sarah.

Who is a principal?

This is the term that is used to refer to a given person that gets another person to work or represent them. That is the other person would be authorized to carry out the transactions such as buying and the selling of properties on their behalf.

In the question, we can see the justification from the fact that the owner of the house Sarah has given the seller or agent the right to act on her behalf on the transaction.

Read more on principal here: https://brainly.com/question/18651220

#SPJ1

What distinguishes Six Sigma from traditional continuous improvement?

Answers

Continuous process improvement is a universal need. Six Sigma focuses on reducing variance and errors in a production process. That's because processes without consistent dependability eventually lead to errors and defective products.

The fundamental difference between comprehensive quality management and Six Sigma is that TQM offers the highest quality products, while Six Sigma gives better results. Comprehensive quality management refers to the continuous efforts of employees to ensure high-quality products.

Simply put, Six Sigma focuses on customers and final products, and Lean Six Sigma focuses on waste and manufacturing methods. If you are a veteran expert and support quality improvement projects, the Six Sigma Greenbelt is for you.

Six Sigma's methodology helps project managers take their projects to a new level of discipline and commitment. Standard / traditional project management, on the other hand, can be run without an ad hoc implementation. However, with Six Sigma, there is no half-measure that cannot be implemented in stages.

Learn more about Six Sigma here: https://brainly.com/question/10470492

#SPJ1

Describe at least two ways you can tailor your resume to fit a specific employer.

Answers

In describing at least two ways you can tailor your resume to fit a specific employer you include a list of your relevant experiences, skills, and accomplishments...

Compare the details of your application to the job posting. This is further explained below.

What is a resume?

Generally, A candidate for employment composes a resume, which is a formal document, in order to detail their credentials for a certain post. A cover letter tailored to the position or firm being applied for is often included with a resume. In the cover letter, the candidate draws attention to the information on the CV that is most relevant to the position or company and indicates interest in working there.

What exactly is meant by the term employer?

A person, business, or organization that hires workers and compensates them for their efforts is known as an employer. Workers who are compensated monetarily for their efforts are referred to as employees. Employers give employment.

In conclusion, You should include a list of your relevant experiences, abilities, and achievements on your resume, and you should also describe at least two ways that you may modify your resume to match the needs of a particular company.

Examine the particulars of your application in light of the ad for the position.

Read more about resume

https://brainly.com/question/2964410

#SPJ1

If an employee’s employment is terminated, and they are governed by a collective agreement or the organization policy that provides greater than the employment or labor standards, then:
a the collective agreement or the organization’s policy prevails
b the employment or labor standards prevails
c call the ministry of Labor for a ruling
d none of the above

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

the collective agreement prevails since it is a contract job.

if the contract of the job is breached, then call the ministry of labour for a ruling

You borrow money on a self liquidating installment loan (equal payments at the end of each year, each payment is part principal part interest)

Loan amount: $776,000
Interest Rate: 11.6%
Life: 41 years
Date of Loan: January 1, 2021

Required:
1. What is the annual payment (round to the nearest $)?
2. What are the total interest payments (round to the nearest $)?
3. After 23 payments have been made, what percentage of the total interest has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?
4. After 23 payments have been made, what percentage of the total principal has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?

Redo the problem if the interest rate is 1%
Required:
5. What is the annual payment (round to the nearest $)?
6. What are the total interest payments (round to the nearest $)?
7. After 23 payments have been made, what percentage of the total interest has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?
8. After 23 payments have been made, what percentage of the total principal has been paid (round to the nearest percentage point)?

Answers

The annual payment on the loan is $108943.

How to calculate the loan?

Principal = $776000

Rate = 11.6%

Time = 41 years

The total interest will be:

= PRT/100

= (776000 × 11.6 × 41)/100

= $3690656

The total amount to be paid will be:

= $776000 + $3690656

= $4466656

The annual payment will be:

= Total amount / Number of years

= $4466656 / 41

= $108943

After 23 years, the interest will be:

= 776000 × 11.6 × 23)/100

= $2070368

The percentage of the total interest will be:

= $2070368/$3690656

= 56.1%

When 23 payments have been made, the percentage of the total amount will be:

= (776000 + 2070368) / 4466656

= 2846368/4466656

= 63.72%

Learn more about loan on:

brainly.com/question/26011426

#SPJ1

Compare and contrast the three modes of communication; monologic, dialogic and resistant background conversations.

Answers

The difference between monological and dialogical communication lies in the participation of the people involved in the communication.

What is the difference between the three types of communication?

The difference between these three modes of communication is that in monologic one person listens to what another person is saying, in dialogic both participate actively speaking and listening, and in resistant background conversations the participants are completely passive and only hear what others say. .

Learn more about communication in: https://brainly.com/question/22558440

#SPJ1

Adirondack Marketing Inc. manufactures two products, A and B. Presently, the company uses a single plantwide factory overhead rate for allocating overhead to products. However, management is considering moving to a multiple department rate system for allocating overhead.



Overhead Total
Direct
Labor Hours DLH per Product
A B
Painting Dept. $241,700 10,500 8 11
Finishing Dept. 69,700 10,500 5 6
Totals $311,400 21,000 13 17

Using a single plantwide rate, the factory overhead allocated per unit of Product A in the Painting Department is
a.$14.83 per unit
b.$690.57 per unit
c.$118.64 per unit
d.$184.15 per unit

Answers

The factory overhead allocated per unit of Product A in the Painting Department is $ .

Given,

                             Overhead       Total direct       DLH per product

                                                    Labour Hours           A          B

Painting dept.       $241000        10500                       8          11

Finishing dept.      $69700         10500                       5           6

Totals                     $311400        21000                       13         17

Single overhead rate per hour = total overheads/ total labor hours

Now, substituting the values in the formula

Single overhead rate per hour = 311400/21000

                                                   = $14.83 per labor hour

Now, direct labor hours for product A for the Painting department  = 16 hours

Overhead rate per unit of product A in the painting department = 16 hours × $14.83 per hour

Overhead rate = $237.28 per unit

Thus, Adirondak Marketing Inc. would allocate $237.28 to the painting department for 1 unit of Product A.

Learn more about factory overhead:

https://brainly.com/question/26082424

#SPJ1

Discuss a principle of management in business

Answers

The principle of management include planning, organizing, staffing, etc.

What is a management?

It should be noted that management means the administration of an organization.

In this case, principle of management include planning, organizing, staffing, etc. Planning has to do with the stores put in place to achieve the goals of the organization.

Learn more about management on:

brainly.com/question/1276995

#SPJ1

4. What are the major benefits of business ownership?​

Answers

1.financial rewards

2.learning opportunities

3.independence

4.lifestyle

Which of the following is an example of government expenditures on goods and services

Answers

an example of government expenditure on goods and services is D. The purchase of office supplies for the office of the junior senator from New York.

what is government expenditure?

this refers to any amount that the government spends in the economy including those that are spent to maintain government activities.

the government spending money on a senator would therefore fall under government spending to maintain itself.

options for this question include:

A. The amount spent on hotel accommodation when tourists visit Washington D.C.

B. The payment of unemployment benefits

C. The salaries paid to Washington correspondents from major networks and newspapers

D. The purchase of office supplies for the office of the junior senator from New York

find out more on government expenditure at https://brainly.com/question/25125137.

#spj1

Suppose that the required reserve ratio is 10 percent and you withdraw $25,000 from Comerical Bank.
What is the total decrease in deposits in the banking system?

Answers

The total decrease in deposits in the banking system is $250,000.

What is total decrease in deposits?

Reserve ratio is the percentage of deposits that is required of commercial banks to keep as reserves.

Decrease in deposits = amount withdrawn / required reserve ratio

$25,000 / 0.1 = $250,000

To learn more about reserve ratio, please check: https://brainly.com/question/6831267

#SPJ1

estimates that its office employees will earn $50,000 next year and its factory employees will earn $260,000. The firm pays the following rates for workers’ compensation insurance: $0.42 per $100 of wages for the office employees and $4.60 per $100 of wages for the factory employees. Compute the estimated premiums for the office and factory employees.

Answers

If the business is doing good then it would be bringing in 20000 dollars of profit as they keep bringing in money and the wages are 4.55

Provide a specific example of how using this skill in your career/industry would make you valuable to a potential employer. Be sure to describe the benefit to the employer, not just the benefit to you - the person who possesses the skill.

Answers

What type of skill are you talking about

Moore Products uses the allowance method in estimating uncollectible accounts. On December 31, 2022, the balance in Accounts Receivable was $610,000. An aging analysis of the accounts receivable indicated that $29,600 in accounts are expected to be uncollectible.

Prepare the adjusting entry to record estimated bad debts expense using the percentage of receivables basis under each of the following independent assumptions:
(a)
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts has a credit balance of $4,100 before adjustment. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)

Answers

The adjusting entry to record estimated bad debts expense using the percentage of receivables basis is:

Bad Debt Expense Account dr........             $25,500          

      To Allowance for Doubtful Account                      $25,500

(Being the bad debt expense is recorded)

For recording this, we credit the allowance for doubtful debts, which decreased the value of the assets and debit the bad debt expenditure, which raised the expenses.

Additionally, since there is a credit balance, the account receivable is reduced accordingly.

The amount for bad debt expense Account = $29,600 - $4,100

                                                         = $25,500

Hence, The adjusting entry to record estimated bad debts expense using the percentage of receivables basis is:

Bad Debt Expense Account dr........             $25,500          

      To Allowance for Doubtful Account                      $25,500

(Being the bad debt expense is recorded)

Learn more about Doubtful debts:

https://brainly.com/question/25654164

#SPJ1

20 pts
What is the oldest human sport on record?
O A. racing
OB.
archery
O c.
wrestling
O D. weightlifting

Answers

Answer:

D. Wrestling

Explanation:

The oldest sport in human history is wrestling.

Source: catawiki

"We know this because of a set of famous cave paintings in Lascaux, France, dating back 15,300 years ago which depict wrestlers. And it wasn't just in France either; paintings with illustrated wresters have been found in caves all over the world, from 7000 BC in Mongolia, from 6000 BC in Libya and in prehistoric caves in Japan."

The time lag for monetary policy is typically ________________ the time lag for fiscal policy.

Answers

Answer:

official policy time lab monitor policy and changes normally to take us certain amount of time have any effect on the economy the time lag could be span anywhere from 9 months up to 2 years sincere policy if x on

Roberto and Kayleigh are neighbors living in Clermont County, Ohio. Roberto builds a fence on what he believes is the boundary of his property yet failed to have the property surveyed first. Kayleigh believes the fence is on her property, and subsequently sues Roberto, asking the court to require him to remove the fence. An earlier Ohio case held that in all boundary disputes, no fence may be built until a property survey occurs or the fence is subject to removal. The judge in Roberto and Kayleigh's case orders that the fence be removed because a survey was not done. In this case, the prior case upon which the judge relies is a.
stare decisis.

b.
precedent.

c.
unethical.

d.
common law.

Answers

Option B. The prior case upon which the judge relies is a precedent.

What is a precedent in law?

This is the term that is used to refer to the use of a case that has been judged before to settle another issue.

The precedent is set because a similar case was handled in a previous legal situation.

Read more on precedent here:

https://brainly.com/question/1762718

#SPJ1

In Roberto and Kayleigh's case, the judge who orders that the fence be removed because of no survey,  relies on b. precedent.

What is a precedent?

A precedent is an earlier law or court decision.

A precedent provides some example or guiding rule when deciding a case.

The purposes of relying on precedents are to avoid time wastage and to use the previous case as an authority for subsequent cases involving identical or similar facts or legal issues.

Precedent is an established rule under the doctrine of stare decisis.

Thus, in this case, the prior case upon which the judge relies is b. precedent.

Learn more about precedents and stare decisis at https://brainly.com/question/14609977 and https://brainly.com/question/21085371

#SPJ1

During the regular local soccer league season, the main forward Aadya had the highest field
goal rate in the league. She scored with 51.4% of her shots. Suppose you choose a random
sample of 70 shots made by Aadya during the this season. Let T = the number of shots that
scored points. (10)
a) What is the probability distribution for T? Explain why you believe it to be so. (4)
b) Using the formulas, calculate the: (i) mean and (ii) standard deviation of T. (6)

Answers

Using the formulas, the answers are:

a ) Binomial Distribution

b) (1) mean = 35.98 (2) standard deviation = 17.4 9

a) Binomial Distribution because it's an n-times independent replicate of the Bernoulli trial.

b) let p= 51 4% = 0.574

p = 1- 0514 = 0.486

formula : Ex= np

= 70x 0.514

= 35.48

EX = np ( + p )

= 70x 0.514 x 0.486

= 35.48

= 17. 49

The standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values.

Learn more about standard deviation here: https://brainly.com/question/475676

#SPJ1

Other Questions
What is the definition of the Mexican-American War? 12 x satisfies the inequality: 2x -8 < 12 Create an inequality to represent all the possible values of x. Which economic factors contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s? The Stock Market Crash of 1929World War IIIExcessive rainfallThe Great Migration John Calvin and his followers transformed the city of Geneva into an autocracy. a democracy. a plutocracy. a theocracy. 12. Was the entire war dominated by trench warfare? Explain Shaun climbed Mount Rushmore at a unit rate of1,250 meters per minute. How long did it take him toclimb 75,000 meters? What is the ratio of the length of the rectangle to its width 24 and 20 Claire has a hot tub with a diameter of 7 feet. She wants to purchase a cover to protect the hot tub. What is the area of the cover? Use = 3.14 and round the answer to the nearest square foot. ft2 Title of short story or novel "Rikki Tikki Tavi" Author Rudyard Kipling Describe the setting of your novel or short story. Where the story takes place. Rikki Tikki Tavi takes place in a bungalow's garden in Colonial India. Provide a quotation from the text to support your answer. Describe the protagonist of your novel or short story. The protagonist is Nag and Nagaina. Provide a quotation from the text to support your answer. "We are very miserable," said Darzee. "One of our babies fell out of the nest yesterday, and Nag ate him." Discuss the main conflict in your novel or short story. If the conflict is not perfectly clear yet, what do you suspect it will be? Which of the four major types of conflict best describes the situation you discussed? Describe the antagonist from your novel or short story. Provide a quotation from the text to support your answer. Describe an important piece of the backstory from your novel or short story. Provide a quotation from the text to support your answer. Describe an early development in the plot and explain why it is important. Jeffrey rented a car for spring break. It costs $100 to rent the car plus $8 per mile he was charged $1,316. How many miles did he drive. When Mexico became an independent nation they outlawed slaverytrue or false? The Tell-Tale Heart: why did the narrator wait till the 8th night to enter the mans room? Read the sentence. It is missing punctuation.Next weekend provided that it does not rain we will have a picnic at the park.What version of the sentence uses punctuation correctly?Next weekend provided that it does not rain, we will have a picnic at the park.Next weekend, provided that it does not rain we will have a picnic at the park.Next weekend, provided that, it does not rain we will have a picnic at the park.Next weekend, provided that it does not rain, we will have a picnic at the park. What is the phenotype and genotype? Use the tangent to find the length of side PR.Express your answer to the nearest tenth. 2. Izza walked 5 steps forward, 8 steps backward, 9 steps forward and 3 steps backward. Howmany steps is Izza from where she started?3. Samuel was at the ground floor when he decided to go to the fourth floor. He then went down 2or and went up 7 more floors. Where is he now?On a winter night the temperature dropped f.rom -6C to -15C. How many degrees did theTamperature drop? PLZ HELP!! Which expels solid waste from the body? A. Liver. B. Large intestine. C. Pancreas. D. Anus what is ctitical essay? math 2 help ummmmmyeah A circle has a radius of 50 cm. What is the circle's area? *A 15, 708 square cmB 7,850 square cmC 157 square cmD 314 square cm