Answer:
I. also known as incremental cost
II. the difference in cost between two alternatives
Explanation:
Costing is the measurement of the cost of production of goods and services by assessing the fixed costs and variable costs associated with each step of production.
Differential cost is also known as incremental cost and it is the difference in cost between two alternatives.
In Financial accounting, fixed cost can be defined as predetermined expenses in a business that remain constant for a specific period of time regardless of the quantity of production or level of outputs. Some examples of fixed costs in business are loan payments, employee salary, depreciation, rent, insurance, lease, utilities etc.
On the other hand, variable costs can be defined as expenses that are not constant and as such usually change directly and are proportional to various changes in business activities. Some examples of variable costs are taxes, direct labor, sales commissions, raw materials, operational expenses etc.
The differential cost is called the incremental cost, and it is the difference in the cost that lies between two alternatives.
The following information should be relevant:
It is the difference between the cost of 2 alternative decisions or the output level is varied.It is also known as the incremental cost.Therefore we can conclude that the differential cost is called the incremental cost, and it is the difference in the cost that lies between two alternatives.
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Wii Brothers, a game manufacturer, has a new idea for an adventure game. It can market the game either as a traditional board game or as an interactive DVD, but not both. Consider the following cash flows of the two mutually exclusive projects for the company. Assume the discount rate is 12 percent.
Year Board Game DVD
0 -$1,200 -$2,700
1 690 1,750
2 950 1,570
3 210 800
Required:
a. What is the payback period for each project?
b. What is the NPV for each project?
c. What is the IRR for each project?
d. What is the incremental IRR?
Answer:
a. Payback period:
Board game:
= Year before payback + Amount left / Cashflow in year of payback
= 1 + (1,200 - 690) / 950
= 1.54 years
Game DVD:
= 1 + (2,700 - 1,750) / 1,570
= 1.61 years
b. NPV
Board Game
= 690 / 1.12 + 950 / 1.12² + 210 / 1.12³ - 1,200
= $322.88
Game DVD
= 1,750 / 1.12 + 1,570 / 1.12² + 800 / 1.12³ - 2,700
= $683.52
c. IRR
Look at attached picture
Board Game IRR = 29%
Game DVD IRR = 28%
d. Incremental IRR
Look at attached picture
= 27%
packaging materials for processed
Answer:
Types of packaging material used in food
Plastics. Plastics are organic polymeric materials that can be molded into the desired shape. ...
Metals (steel, tin, aluminum) The main use of these metals is the preservation of canned foods and beverages. ...
Glass. ...
Wood, cardboard and papers. ...
Advances in packaging techniques.
Profit margin is synonymous with the term _______ and tells whether or not total profit will be positive.
Answer: Average profit
Explanation:
Both average profit and profit margin show the percentage of profit that a company can expect to receive from $1 worth of sales. It is calculated by dividing the profits by the sales figure,
If sales are $10 and profits are $3, the profit margin would be:
= 3/10
= 30%
This means that for every $1 of sales, there is $0.30 in profit. This method shows us whether the total profit will be negative or positive by showing us individual product profit.
A second-year MBA student, takes three hours off one evening and uses his car to go to a movie with a friend. A ticket to the movie costs Josh $5, gasoline for the trip costs $1, and Josh passed up tutoring a student that night at $10 an hour. He could also have used the three hours to work as a grader for a professor at $15 an hour. What is Joshâs economic cost of going to the movie?
Answer:
$-39
Explanation:
Economic cost is implicit cost less accounting cost
Implicit cost or opportunity cost : implicit cost is the cost of the next best option forgone when one alternative is chosen over other alternatives. It is used in calculating economic profit
There are two opportunities the student forgoes when he decides to go to the movies. They are, the amount he would have earned if he tutored the student which has a value of $10 / hour and the amount he would have earned working as a grader which is $15 / hour.
The next best option is $15 / hour because it has a higher value
total economic cost = 15 x 3 = 45
the cost of the ticket and the cost of gasoline are explicit costs
Explicit cost includes the amount expended in going to the cinema
6 - 45 = -39
Around the world oil is priced consistently in United States dollars. In economic terms this is an example of:
Answer: unit of account
Explanation:
The unit of account is function of money which refers to the standard monetary unit of measurement of a good or service.
Since oil is priced consistently in United States dollars around the world, this means that dollars is the standard monetary unit of measurement and is therefore, the unit of account.
Bob agreed to tutor Lola in Spanish for two (2) hours and Lola agreed to pay $25.00 per hour for the tutoring services. Bob tutored Lola and she paid Bob $50.00. This means that the parties have been _____.
Answer: discharged by performance
Explanation:
When parties to a contract are discharged from their duties as per the contract, it means that they are no longer party to the agreement. When this is done by performance, it means that the discharge was done because both parties have fulfilled the demands of the contract.
Bob agreed to tutor Lola for two hours and Lola agreed to pay Bob $50 for that. Bob then tutored her for the two hours and was paid the amount. The parties have therefore fulfilled their obligations to each other and so the contract has been satisfied.
Charles Corporation produces and sells a single product. Data concerning that product appear below:
Per Unit Percent of Sales
Selling Price $190 100%
Variable Expenses 38 20%
Contribution Margin 152 80%
Fixed expenses are $87,000 per month. The company is currently selling 1,000 units per month. Management is considering using a new component that would increase the unit variable cost by $28. Since the new component would increase the features of the company's product, the marketing manager predicts that monthly sales would increase by 500 units. What should be the overall effect on the company's monthly net operating income of this change?
Suppose a basketball player has made 294 out of 359 free throws. If the player makes the next 3 free throws, I will pay you $20. Otherwise you pay me $26. Step 1 of 2 : Find the expected value of the proposition. Round your answer to two decimal places. Losses must be expressed as negative values.
Answer: -$0.74
Explanation:
Expected value of the proposition is:
= (Probability that player makes next 3 free throws * 20) - (Probability that player does not make the next 3 free throws * 26)
Probability that player does not make the next 3 free throws = 294/359 * 294/359 * 294/359
= 0.549235557
Expected value of proposition:
= (0.549235557 * 20) - ( (1 - 0.549235557) * 26)
= 10.98471114 - 11.719875518
= -$0.74
Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of modern marketing?
Marketing involves managing profitable customer relationships.
Marketing involves satisfying customers' needs.
O Marketing is the creation of value for customers.
Marketing emphasizes selling and advertising exclusively.
O Marketing is building value-laden exchange relationships with customers.
I'm stuck between
Marketing is the creation of value for customers and
Marketing emphasizing selling and advertising exclusively l.
MacKenzie Company sold $400 of merchandise to a customer who used a Regional Bank credit card. Regional Bank deducts a 2.0% service charge for sales on its credit cards and credits MacKenzie's account immediately when sales are made. The journal entry to record this sale transaction would be:
Answer:
Date Account Title Debit Credit
XX-XX-XXXX Cash $392
Credit card service charge $ 8
Sales $400
Working
Cash :
= 400 * (1 - 2% service charge)
= $392
Credit card service charge:
= 400 * 2%
= $8
Following is information from Skechers USA, Inc. for fiscal 2016 (in thousands).
Total 2016 revenue $3,563,311
Total revenue growth rate 5.0%
Terminal revenue growth rate 2%
Net operating profit margin (NOPM) 8.2%
Net operating asset turnover (NOAT)3.42
Projected 2017 total revenue would be:
A. $3,634,577 thousand.
B. $3,855,503 thousand.
C. $3,324,568 thousand.
D. $3,741,477 thousand.
E. None of the above.
Answer:
D. $3,741,477 thousand
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what total revenue would be:
Total value=$3,563,311 million ×(1+.05)
Total value=$3,563,311 million × 1.05
Total value = $3,741,477 thousand
Therefore total revenue would be:$3,741,477 thousand
Since nominal wages were constant as the price level changed, you explain that a decrease in the price level leads to an __________, which leads to firms ________
Answer:
increase in real wages, hiring less workers
Explanation:
In the case when the nominal wages are remain same but at the same time the level of the price should changed so if there is an decrease in the level of the price so that means there is an increased in the real wages as it is an inverse relationship between the real wages and the price level due to this the firm could hired less workers as the wages are increased
Onslow Co. purchases a used machine for $178,000 cash on January 2 and readies it for use the next day at a $2,840 cost. On January 3, it is installed on a required operating platform costing $1,160, and it is further readied for operations. The company predicts the machine will be used for six years and have a $14,000 salvage value. Depreciation is to be charged on a straight-line basis. On December 31, at the end of its fifth year in operations, it is disposed of.
Required:
1. Prepare journal entries to record the machine’s purchase and the costs to ready and install it.
Cash is paid for all costs incurred.
2. Prepare journal entries to record depreciation of the machine at December 31 of (a) its first year in operations and (b) the year of its disposal.
Prepare journal entries to record the machine’s disposal under each of the following separate assumptions: (a) it is sold for $15,000 cash; (b) it is sold for $50,000 cash; and (c) it is destroyed in a fire and the insurance company pays $30,000 cash to settle the loss claim.
Answer:
Onslow Co.
Journal Entries:
1. Jan. 2: Debit Equipment $178,000
Credit Cash $178,000
To record the cash payment for equipment purchase.
2. Jan. 3: Debit Equipment $4,000
Credit Cash $4,000
To record the cash payment for readying the equipment for use.
3. Dec. 31: Debit Depreciation Expense $28,000
Credit Accumulated Depreciation $28,000
To record depreciation expense for the first year.
4. Dec. 31, Year 5: Debit Equipment Disposal$178,000
Credit Equipment $178,000
To transfer the equipment account to the Equipment Disposal account.
Debit Accumulated Depreciation $140,000
Credit Equipment Disposal $140,000
To transfer accumulated depreciation to the Equipment Disposal account.
a) Debit Cash $15,000
Credit Equipment Disposal $15,000
To record the cash proceeds from sale of equipment.
Debit Loss on Sale of Equipment $23,000
Credit Equipment Disposal $23,000
To record the loss on Equipment Disposal.
b) Debit Cash $50,000
Credit Equipment Disposal $50,000
To record the cash proceeds from sale of equipment.
Debit Sale of Equipment $12,000
Credit Gain on Sale of Equipment $12,000
To record the gain on Equipment Disposal.
c) Debit Cash $30,000
Credit Equipment Disposal $30,000
To record the cash proceeds from insurance company.
Debit Loss on Disposal $8,000
Credit Equipment Disposal $8,000
To record the loss on Equipment Disposal.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
January 2: Cost of used machine = $178,000
January 3: Readying costs = $4,000 ($2,840 + $1,160)
Estimated useful life = 6 years
Estimated salvage value = $14,000
Depreciable amount = $168,000 ($182,000 - $14,000)
Depreciation method = straight-line method
Annual depreciation expense = $28,000 ($168,000/6)
Accumulated depreciation at December 31, Year 5 = $140,000 ($28,000*5)
Disposal date = December 31, Year 5
Journal Entries Analysis:
1. Jan. 2: Equipment $178,000 Cash $178,000
2. Jan. 3: Equipment $4,000 Cash $4,000
3. Dec. 31: Depreciation Expense $28,000 Accumulated Depreciation $28,000
4. Dec. 31, Year 5: Equipment Disposal $178,000 Equipment $178,000
Accumulated Depreciation $140,000 Equipment Disposal $140,000
a) Cash $15,000 Equipment Disposal $15,000
Loss on Sale of Equipment $23,000 Equipment Disposal $23,000
b) Cash $50,000 Equipment Disposal $50,000
Equipment Disposal $12,000 Gain on Sale of Equipment $12,000
c) Cash $30,000 Equipment Disposal $30,000
Loss on Disposal $8,000 Equipment Disposal $8,000
Under variable costing, fixed manufacturing overhead is: Multiple Choice applied directly to Work-in-Process Inventory. expensed immediately when incurred. never expensed. treated in the same manner as variable manufacturing overhead.
Answer: expensed immediately when incurred.
Explanation:
Under variable costing, only variable costs can be apportioned to the product as product costs. This means that fixed costs have to be expensed immediately they are incurred so that they do not feature in the product costs.
It is not a widely used principle as both U.S. GAAP and IFRS don't allow for its use in financial statements. They prefer absorption costing where fixed costs are apportioned to the products created.
What is the IRR of a project that costs $74,361.78 and provides cash-inflows of $25,000 annually for four years
Answer:
13%
Explanation:
Internal rate of return is the discount rate that equates the after-tax cash flows from an investment to the amount invested
IRR can be calculated with a financial calculator
Cash flow in year 0 = $-74,361.78
Cash flow in year 1 - 4 = 25,000
IRR = 13%
The Cavy Company accumulated
560 hours of direct labor on Job 345
800 hours of direct labor on Job 777
The direct labor incurred at a rate of:
$20 per direct labor hour for Job 345
$21 per direct labor hour for Job 777
Journalize the entry and record the flow of labor costs in production.
Answer:
Date Journal Entry Debit Credit
Work in Process $28,000
((560*$20) + (800*$21)
Wages payable $28,000
(To record the flow of labor costs in production)
In recent decades there have been fewer trade blocs established to promote regional economic integration. True False
Answer: False
Explanation:
Trade bloc refers to an intergovernmental agreement, whereby the barriers to trade are eliminated among the countries that are involved.
The statement that "in recent decades there have been fewer trade blocs established to promote regional economic integration" is false.
There has been an increase in trade blocs in recent decades such as Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa(BRICS), North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA), Association of Southeast Asian Nations( ASEAN).
They all promote economic development.
Investors require an after-tax rate of return of 10% on their stock investments. Assume that the tax rate on dividends is 30% while capital gains escape taxation. A firm will pay a $2 per share dividend 1 year from now, after which the firm's stock is expected to sell at a price of $30.
Required:
a. Find the current price of the stock.
b. Find the expected before-tax rate of return for a 1-year holding period.
c. Now suppose that the dividend will be $3 per share. If the expected after-tax rate of return is still 10%, and investors still expect the stock to sell at $20 in 1 year, at what price must the stock now sell?
d. What is the before-tax of return? Why is it now higher than in part (b)?
Answer:
a. $28.5
b. 12.28%
c. $29.18
d. 13.09%
Explanation:
a. let current price = p
p*1.10 = 2(1-0.3)+30
= 1.4+30/1.10
= 31.4/1.10
= 28.5
the current price of the stock is approximately 28.5 dollars
b. (30+2 /28.5)-1
= 32/28.5 - 1
= 0.1228
= 12.28%
expected before tax rate is 12.28%
c. 3(1-0.3)+30 / 1.10
= 3*0.7+30/1.10
= $29.18
d. before tax rate of return
= (3$ + 30-29.18)/29.18
= 0.1309
= 13.09%
it is now higher here given that given that a greater dividend causes more tax burden.
Rick Co. had 36 million shares of $1 par common stock outstanding at January 1, 2021. In October 2021, Rick Co.'s Board of Directors declared and distributed a 1% common stock dividend when the market value of its common stock was $56 per share. In recording this transaction, Rick would:
Answer:
Debit retained earnings for $20,160,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what Rick would record
First step
Shares to be distributed = .01 × 36 million
Shares to be distributed= 360,000 shares
Now let determine the Retained earnings
Retained earnings: Market value of shares = 360,000 × $56
Retained earnings: Market value of shares= $20,160,000
Therefore In recording this transaction, Rick would:Debit retained earnings for $20,160,000
For each of the following events, explain the short-run and long-run effects on output and the price level, assuming open economy and that policymakers take no action.
a. The stock market declines sharply, reducing consumers’ wealth.
b. The federal government increases spending on national defense.
c. A technological improvement raises productivity.
d. A recession overseas causes foreigners to buy fewer U.S. goods.
Answer:
High prices of products as well as increases poverty.
Explanation:
The stock market declines sharply, reducing consumers’ wealth that leads to high prices of products as well as increases poverty. The federal government increases spending on national defense that decreases the foreign reserves and money for other fields of the country. A technological improvement raises productivity which increases the economy of the country as well as standard of living. A recession overseas causes foreigners to buy fewer U.S. goods that leads to lower income of the country and purchasing power of the country. Due to this, there is less money for other fields and institutions.
Answer:
b. The federal government increases spending on national defense.
Explanation:
Hope this helps
Aug. 1 Madison Harris, the owner, invested $10,250 cash and $44,075 of photography equipment in the company.
2 The company paid $3,900 cash for an insurance policy covering the next 24 months.
5 The company purchased office supplies for $1,948 cash.
20 The company received $3,050 cash in photography fees earned.
31 The company paid $866 cash for August utilities.
Prepare general journal entries for the above transactions.
Answer and Explanation:
The journal entries are shown below:
(i) On August 1,
Cash A/c Dr. $10,250
photography equipment A/c Dr. $44,075
To common stock $54,325
(Being the issuance of common stock for cash and photography equipment is recorded)
(ii) On August 2,
Prepaid insurance A/c Dr. $3,900
To cash $3,900
(Being the cash paid in advance for insurance is recorded)
(iii) On August 5,
Office supplies A/c Dr. $1,948
To cash $1,948
(Being the cash paid for office supplies is recorded)
(iv) On August 20,
Cash A/c Dr. $3,050
To photography fees earned $3,050
(Being the photography fees earned is recorded)
(v) On August 31,
Utilities A/c Dr. $866
To cash A/c $866
(Being the cash paid for utilities)
Introduction to Business class is to observe the use of groups in a large manufacturing business. The students notice that most groups are arranged by reporting relationships. Bill discovers a group of managers who have been placed together to study and recommend a course of action on a flextime schedule for employees. Jane finds that the executives of the company have formed a team consisting of themselves, some middle managers, and a few hourly employees to work on improving work processes and efficiency within the company. This group has been in existence for 5 years and is going strong. The group of managers that Bill discovers is an example of:
A) an informal interest group
B) a formal group
C) A fun group
D) a quality group.
The correct answer is B) a formal group.
The group of managers that Bill discovers is an example of a formal group.
During their visit to a large manufacturing business, Bill discovers a formal group. It is a group of managers who have been placed together to study and recommend a course of action on a flextime schedule for employees.
When we are referring to an organization, a formal group can be understood as a workgroup that is formed by design, depending on a hierarchical composition. The members of this group have specific tasks according to the work they perform in the company.
Usually, these groups are formed based on the experience of their members because they want to accomplish goals in a more effective way and to improve the decision-making process of difficult issues.
Lãi suất tiền gửi và cho vay của Việt nam hiện tại là bao nhiêu?
Answer:
?????
Explanation:
Suppose velocity is constant, but real GDP is not independent of the money supply. If this is the case, a 10 percent increase in the money supply will:
Answer: d. have an unpredictable effect on inflation.
Explanation:
Changes in money supply affect inflation with an increase in money supply causing inflation to rise and a decrease calling inflation to fall. Real GDP is supposed to be independent of the money supply as it is not meant to be affected by inflation.
If a situation arises where real GDP is not actually independent of the money supply then that means that it is not independent of inflation either. Should the money supply therefore rise, the effect on the prices of goods and services (real GDP) in the economy will be unpredictable as it might go either way.
Stock Rit Rmt ai Beta
A 10.6 15Â Â Â 0 0.8
Z Â 9.8 8 0 1.1
Rit = return for stock i during period t
Rmt = return for the aggregate market during period t
What is the abnormal rate of return for Stock Z during period t using only the aggregate market return (ignore differential systematic risk)?
a. 3.40
b. 4.40
c. 1.80
d. -4.40
E.
-1.70
Answer:
1.8 option c
Explanation:
this question has a very simple solution
the following definitions
Rit = return for stock i during period t
Rmt = return for the aggregate market during period t
The abnormal rate of return for stock z is = Rit - Rmt
Rit = 9.8
Rmt = 8
9.8 - 8 = 1.8
therefore the abnormal rte of return for stock z is = 1.8, which is option c
In this market, the equilibrium hourly wage is $ , and the equilibrium quantity of labor is thousand workers. Suppose a senator introduces a bill to legislate a minimum hourly wage of $6. This type of price control is called a .
Answer:
The equilibrium hourly wage is the wage where the curve of supply of labor intersects with that of the demand for labor. The same goes for the equilibrium quantity of labor.
The equilibrium hourly wage is $10, and the equilibrium quantity of labor is 450 thousand workers.
If a Senator introduces a minimum hourly wage, this is considered a Price Floor.
Price floors are prices that that the government mandates that one cannot charge below for a good or service. If there is a price floor on cake for instance, a person is not allowed to charge less than that price floor for cake. The Senator's bill is therefore saying that people should not be paid less than $6 an hour.
Risk is best thought of as the potential for variability in the investment’s outcomes. This means that if an investment has the potential to provide only one possible outcome or return, then it is , while if there is more than one possible return or result, then the asset should be considered . This is why securities sold by the U.S. Treasury have historically been considered to be the securities in the world; because except in the event of the failure of the U.S. government, any investor holding a Treasury security would receive the security’s face value upon its maturity.
Answer:
safe or risk free, risky, safest
Explanation:
In investment market, risk is defined as the potential for the variability in the outcomes of the investment. Thus it is meant that outcome or return of making an investment is safe and risk free if there is only one return or outcome. But if there are more than one possible return from the investment, then that investment is considered as risky. For this reason the securities sold by the United States' Treasury is considered to be the safest securities in the world as the investor will receive the face value of the security upon its maturity from the government.
Exercise 4-9 Recording purchases, sales, returns, and shipping LO P1, P2 Following are the merchandising transactions of Dollar Store. Nov. 1 Dollar Store purchases merchandise for $2,900 on terms of 2/5, n/30, FOB shipping point, invoice dated November 1. 5 Dollar Store pays cash for the November 1 purchase. 7 Dollar Store discovers and returns $250 of defective merchandise purchased on November 1, and paid for on November 5, for a cash refund. 10 Dollar Store pays $145 cash for transportation costs for the November 1 purchase. 13 Dollar Store sells merchandise for $3,132 with terms n/30. The cost of the merchandise is $1,566. 16 Merchandise is returned to the Dollar Store from the November 13 transaction. The returned items are priced at $270 and cost $135; the items were not damaged and were returned to inventory. Journalize the above merchandising transactions for the Dollar Store assuming it uses a perpetual inventory system and the gross method.
Answer:
Dollar Store
Journal Entries:
Nov. 1 Debit Inventory $2,900
Credit Accounts Payable $2,900
To record the purchase of goods on terms of 2/5, n/30, FOB shipping point, invoice dated November 1.
Nov. 5 Debit Accounts Payable $2,900
Credit Cash $2,842
Credit Cash Discount $58
To record the payment for the goods, including discounts.
Nov. 7 Debit Cash $250
Credit Inventory $250
To record the return of goods for cash.
Nov. 10 Debit Freight-in $145
Credit Cash $145
To record payment for transportation of goods.
Nov. 13 Debit Accounts Receivable $3,132
Credit Sales Revenue $3,132
To record the sale of goods with terms n/30.
Debit Cost of goods sold $1,566
Credit Inventory $1,566
To record the cost of goods sold.
Nov. 16 Debit Sales Returns $270
Credit Accounts Receivable $270
To record the return of goods.
Debit Inventory $135
Credit Cost of goods sold $135
To record the cost of goods returned.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
Nov. 1 Inventory $2,900 Accounts Payable $2,900
on terms of 2/5, n/30, FOB shipping point, invoice dated November 1.
Nov. 5 Accounts Payable $2,900 Cash $2,842 Cash Discount $58
Nov. 7 Cash $250 Inventory $250
Nov. 10 Freight-in $145 Cash $145
Nov. 13 Accounts Receivable $3,132 Sales Revenue $3,132
with terms n/30
Cost of goods sold $1,566 Inventory $1,566
Nov. 16 Sales Returns $270 Accounts Receivable $270
Inventory $135 Cost of goods sold $135
When equipment is sold for cash, the amount received is reflected as a cash :_________ a) inflow in the operating section. b) inflow in the financing section. c) inflow in the investing section. d) outflow in the operating section.
Answer: c. inflow in the investing section
Explanation:
The cash flow statement is prepared in order to determine the ending cash balance which is done by considering the cash that's generated from various activities of the business.
Equipment is regarded as a long term asset, and therefore when it's sold for cash, it's being regarded as an indicator for investing activities section.
King, CPA, is auditing the financial statements of Cycle company, a client that has receivables from customers arising from the sale of goods in the normal course of business. King is aware that the confirmation of accounts receivable is a generally accepted auditing procedure.
Required:
a. Under what circumstances could King justify omitting the confirmation of Cycle’s accounts receivable? In designing confirmation request, what factors are likely to affect King’s assessment of the reliability of confirmations that King sends?
b. What alternative procedures could King consider performing when replies to positive confirmation requests are not received?
Answer:
King, CPA
Auditing the financial statements of Cycle Company
a-1 Circumstances under which the omission of the confirmation of accounts receivable may be justified by King:
1. Accounts receivable are immaterial because of their values.
2. Low risk concerning accounts receivable.
3. Reliance can be placed on analytics and substantive tests to detect misstatements.
4. Using confirmations may be ineffective.
a-2) Factors that are likely to affect King's assessment of the reliability of confirmations:
1. The assessed skills of the recipients to confirm their balances.
2. The existence of verifiable customer records.
3. Proper documentations of transactions.
b. The alternative procedures that King could consider performing when replies to positive confirmation requests are not received are:
1. The auditor can conduct substantive tests, with tests of detailed transactions and analytical procedures.
2. Examination of cash receipts, sales orders, invoices, shipping documents, and correspondence files.
Explanation:
Where accounts receivable balances are material, the auditor is required to send out requests to customers to confirm their balances. The confirmation may be in the form of a negative, positive, or blank confirmation, depending on the prevailing circumstances and the assessed risks.