Coins and other precious items that were either traded for or stolen were reintroduced into the economy thanks to Viking commerce and raids. Trade or markets that the Vikings established for the sale of looted goods were two ways that such things were reintroduced into the economy.
Humans were compelled to learn more about their surroundings and develop economy new technologies in order to establish new, longer-distance trading routes. The usage of longboats by the Scandinavian Vikings for river and open-water transport is an illustration of this. Vikings established trading posts and homes at York, England, as well as Dublin, Ireland.
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The world population in 1990 was 5.4 billion and in 1995 was 5.8 bilion. use linear extrapolation to find the population in 2010.
2010 world population _______________ billion.
The estimated world population in 2010 using linear extrapolation is 7 billion people.
Linear extrapolation involves using a straight line to estimate values outside the range of a given set of data. To use this method to find the population in 2010, we first need to calculate the average rate of growth of the population between 1990 and 1995.
The average rate of growth can be calculated as follows:
(5.8 billion - 5.4 billion) / (1995 - 1990) = 0.4 billion / 5 years = 0.08 billion per year
Now that we have the average rate of growth, we can use it to extrapolate the population in 2010:
Population in 2010 = Population in 1995 + (Average rate of growth per year * (2010 - 1995)) = 5.8 billion + (0.08 billion per year * (2010 - 1995)) = 5.8 billion + (0.08 billion * 15 years) = 5.8 billion + 1.2 billion = 7 billion
It's important to note that linear extrapolation assumes that the rate of growth remains constant, which may not always be the case in reality.
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in his well-known book, why not socialism?, what two functions does cohen argue market prices serve? group of answer choices
Option B is correct. Information and motivation- Market prices serve the logically distinct purposes of providing information and motivating people.
According to Cohen, one of the main issues with socialist theory is the creation of a socialist allocation mechanism. I contend that this isn't as big of an issue as he thinks. Finally, some observations are made regarding the "law of motion of socialist ethos." Cohen outlined various forms of inequality that would be acceptable under socialism but still detrimental to the community in his book Why Not Socialism? The goal of socialism is to bring justice and community to every aspect of our economic life. Under a different driving force, communal networks that resemble market networks structurally can develop.
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Complete Question-
in his well-known book, why not socialism?, what two functions does cohen argue market prices serve?
a. concept of equality is multifaceted
b. Information and motivation
c. economic survival
d. signals and values
diane got a prepaid debit card with on it. for her first purchase with the card, she bought some bulk ribbon at a craft store. the price of the ribbon was cents per yard. if after that purchase there was left on the card, how many yards of ribbon did diane buy?
A prepaid debit card is a type of payment card that is loaded with a set amount of funds before it can be used.
In this scenario, Diane received a prepaid debit card with $100 loaded onto it. Diane used the card to make her first purchase, which was some bulk ribbon at a craft store. The price of the ribbon was $0.01 per yard. After that purchase, there was $12.50 left on the card.
To determine how many yards of ribbon Diane bought, we can use the information provided and set up an equation. Let's call the number of yards of ribbon she bought "x". Then, the equation would be:
0.01x = $100 - $12.50
Next, we'll simplify the right side of the equation:
0.01x = $87.50
Finally, we'll divide both sides of the equation by 0.01 to find the number of yards of ribbon Diane bought:
x = 8750 yards
So Diane bought 8750 yards of ribbon, which cost $87.50. To verify, we can multiply the number of yards by the price per yard to check that it equals the amount spent:
8750 * $0.01 = $87.50
So the calculation shows that Diane bought 8750 yards of ribbon, which cost $87.50, leaving $12.50 on the prepaid debit card.
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to make sure that its customers are satisfied and to probe for new product ideas, intuit routinely sends employees to the facilities of their customers. this technique for generating new business ideas is called .
Intuit regularly dispatches staff to the premises of their clients in order to ensure that their needs are met and to look for ideas for new products. Day in the life research is a method for creating fresh company ideas.
What exactly is "day in the life research"?A common in-person strategy is to conduct day-in-the-life research. Researchers are asking follow-up questions to get a better understanding of why a person is acting a specific way while taking notes, recording audio or video, taking pictures, and physically following a participant throughout some or all of their day.
This approach to developing fresh business concepts is known as "day in the life research."
A consumer is observed while they go about their daily life as part of the approach, which is a sort of ethnographic study.Through this exercise, the researcher hopes to gain a deeper understanding of a user's routine and the regular tasks that they carry out often or automatically.Regular variation in corporate innovation trumps differences in individual creativity. Companies that focus on discovering outside solutions come up with more innovative concepts.Learn more about ethnographic study: https://brainly.com/question/14337953
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fatima feels that she must stay at her company because it has invested time, energy, and money into training her. this describes a(n) blank commitment to her organization.
Fatima's feeling that she must stay at her company because of the investment made in training her describes a normative commitment to her organization.
Normative commitment refers to an individual's sense of obligation or duty to remain with an organization due to psychological or moral ties. It often arises from a belief that the organization has made investments in the individual, such as through training, and that leaving would be a betrayal of that investment.
In Fatima's case, her normative commitment stems from the belief that the time, energy, and money invested in her training obligates her to stay with the company. This type of commitment is often driven by a sense of loyalty, gratitude, or responsibility to repay the investment made by the organization.
In conclusion, normative commitment is an important factor in employee retention, as it can influence an individual's decision to stay with an organization even when other factors, such as job satisfaction or pay, may be less favorable.
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after purchasing a fancy-cut diamond ring for his wife, jason feels dissatisfied with his purchase. he feels that the ring was overpriced and poorly cut. moreover, jason thinks that he should have selected the round brilliant-cut diamond rather than the fancy-cut diamond. in this scenario, jason is experiencing
Cognitive unease. Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort brought by holding two opposing beliefs, values, or attitudes.
People may feel anxiety or discomfort as a result of this conflict because attitudes and perceptions should be consistent. According to the American Psychological Association, cognitive dissonance is "an uncomfortable psychological condition resulting from the disparity between two or more pieces in a cognitive system."
Despite the fact that everyone experiences Cognitive dissonance to some degree, it is not always easy to spot. When you experience discomfort before acting or making a decision, or when you try to defend or justify a decision you made or a course of action you took, these are signs that what you are feeling could be brought on by dissonance.
Here are a few examples of cognitive dissonance you could experience: You want to be healthy, but you don't exercise frequently or eat a balanced diet. You consequently feel guilty. Despite knowing that smoking and binge drinking is detrimental to your health, you nonetheless engage in these activities. You justify this behavior with your high levels of stress.
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A decrease in the price of GPS systems will result in?
A decrease in the price of GPS systems is likely to increase their demand. Lower prices would make GPS systems more affordable and accessible to a wider range of consumers.
As a result, the market for GPS systems would expand, and the sales volume of GPS systems would increase. Furthermore, as the demand for GPS systems increases, manufacturers are likely to increase their production to meet the demand. This increase in production would lead to economies of scale, lowering the cost of production per unit. This could further decrease the price of GPS systems, making them even more affordable for consumers.
Overall, a decrease in the price of GPS systems would likely lead to increased demand and sales volume and could lead to further price decreases through economies of scale.
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chang and roberto created economic models using different simplifying assumptions. chang and roberto will likely:
Chang and roberto created economic models using different simplifying assumptions. chang and roberto will likely:A. Arrive at different conclusions.
What is economic model ?An economic model is a condensed description of reality that produces testable hypotheses about how the economy will behave. An key characteristic of an economic model is that, due to the lack of any objective metrics for economic results, its design must unavoidably be subjective.
The Mundell-Fleming Model, the Classical Model, the Production Possibility Frontier, the Business Cycle, and the Keynesian IS/LM Model are a few examples of economic models.
The proper question is "Chang and Roberto created economic models using different simplifying assumptions. Chang and Roberto will likely:
A. Arrive at different conclusions
B. Be in agreement in their conclusions
C. Arrive at the same conclusion
D. Have the same economic model"
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A 10-year Treasury bond currently yields 7%. The real risk-free rate, r*, is 3. 1%. The maturity risk premium has been estimated to be 0. 1%(t - 1), where t = the maturity of the bond. Inflation is expected to average 2. 5% a year for each of the next five years. What is the expected average rate of inflation between years five and ten? Disregard cross-product terms, i. E. , if averaging is required, use the arithmetic average
The estimated average annual inflation rate for a 10-year Treasury bond is calculated at 3.5%.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI), which is a weighted average of prices for various items, is used to measure inflation. Depending on which products are deemed to be indicative of a common consumption basket, a particular set of commodities makes up the index.
10-year Treasury Bond Yield = r* + IP + MRP
7% = 3.1% + IP + [0.1% * (10 - 1)]
IP = 7% - 3.1% - 0.9% = 3%
IP = [{Average for year (1 - 5) * 5} + {Average for year (6 - 10) * 5}] / 10
3% = [(2.5% * 5) + {IP (6 - 10) * 5}] / 10
3% * 10 = 12.5% + {IP (6 - 10) * 5}
30% - 12.5% = IP (6 - 10) * 5IP (6 - 10) = 17.5% / 5 = 3.5%
Therefore, the Average Inflation Rate = 3.5%
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A person who receives something in a will is called a(n) O A. guardian B. executor O C. conservator O D. beneficiary
A person who receives something in a will is called a(n) beneficiary. Thus the correct option is D.
What is a beneficiary?The person or people you desire to get their hands on a certain asset after your death are specified in a beneficiary designation. Simply said, The term "beneficiary" refers to a person who receives anything from a will.
Both primary and secondary beneficiaries are covered by a will. The individual who is chosen for getting a gift is a major beneficiary. Those who are designated as contingent beneficiaries will only receive gifts if specified conditions are met.
A guardian is a person chosen by the legal system to make decisions on the care of minors or those who are incapable of making their own decisions. An executor is a person who is designated in a will to manage the estate when the testator passes away.
Therefore, option D is appropriate.
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why is insurance is more commonly used as a risk-handling technique by smaller firms that by bigger corporations.
Smaller firms may have limited access to other risk management tools, such as hedging, which are commonly used by larger corporations. Insurance may be the only option available to smaller firms for managing risk.
There are several reasons why smaller firms may be more likely to use insurance as a risk-handling technique than larger corporations:
Cost: Insurance can be a cost-effective way for smaller firms to manage risk, especially if they do not have the financial resources to self-insure or set aside large reserves to cover potential losses.
Lack of internal risk management expertise: Smaller firms may have limited internal resources and expertise to manage risk, making insurance a more appealing option.
Access to insurance: Smaller firms may have limited access to other risk management tools, such as hedging, which are commonly used by larger corporations. Insurance may be the only option available to smaller firms for managing risk.
Regulation: Certain industries, such as construction or transportation, may require insurance as a condition of doing business. Smaller firms may be more likely to be subject to these regulatory requirements.
However, it's important to note that larger corporations also use insurance as a risk-handling technique, in addition to other risk management tools such as hedging and diversification. The choice of risk management technique ultimately depends on a variety of factors, including the size and complexity of the corporation, the nature and magnitude of the risks it faces, and its overall risk management strategy.
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the term utility is best defined as the the term utility is best defined as the responsiveness by a firm to a change in the price of its good. necessity of a good. satisfaction a consumer receives upon consuming a good. number of goods a consumer has. profit a firm makes from producing a good.
In economics, "utility" refers to the pleasure or happiness that a consumer derives from using a good or service.
It is a way to gauge how useful or valuable a consumer thinks a certain commodity is.
Numerous elements, including individual preferences, financial constraints, and the presence of substitute items, might affect utility. The utility can be defined as the joy, satisfaction, or contentment that a consumer derives from utilizing a product. Consumers are more willing to pay for a thing the more utility they receive from it.
Understanding consumer behavior and economic decision-making processes depend on this concept.
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of brick-and-mortar retailers, online retailers, and warehouse clubs, which is most likely to allow you to make a purchase at 3:00 a.m.?(1 point) responses none of them none of them brick-and-mortar retailers brick-and-mortar retailers warehouse clubs warehouse clubs online retailers
Of brick-and-mortar retailers, warehouse clubs, and online retailers D: online retailers are most likely to allow you to make a purchase at 3:00 a.m.
Online retailers are the most likely to allow you to make a purchase at 3:00 a.m. as they operate 24/7 through their websites and offer the convenience of shopping from anywhere and at any time.
Brick-and-mortar retailers and warehouse clubs, on the other hand, have physical store hours and are generally closed during the night. However, some brick-and-mortar stores may offer 24-hour shopping, but this is relatively rare. With the increasing popularity of online shopping, customers now have the flexibility to purchase products anytime, anywhere.
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the difference between the price at which a dealer is willing to buy and the price at which a dealer is willing to sell is called the .
The difference between the price at which a dealer is willing to buy and the price at which a dealer is willing to sell is called the bid ask spread.
A bid-ask spread is the amount by which the ask price for an asset in the market exceeds the bid price. The bid-ask spread is the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for an asset.
A person looking to sell will be paid the bid price, while a person trying to purchase will pay the ask price. A security price is the market's view of its value at any given time, and it is unique.
To understand why there is a "bid" and a "ask," consider the two main parties in any market transaction: the price taker (trader) and the market maker (counterparty).
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Universal Containers wants to provide its customers with more support options.
Which three should a Consultant recommend?
Choose 3 answers
A. Create a Customer Community
B. Add Live Agent to public-facing sites
C. Utilize KCS to manage Knowledge
D. Implement SOS for mobile experience
E. Configure Chatter for public access
The three options that a consultant should recommend are: A. Create a Customer Community, B. Add Live Agent to public-facing sites, and C. Utilize KCS to manage Knowledge.
Universal Containers is seeking to enhance its customer support services by providing customers with more support options. The consultant should recommend creating a customer community, adding Live Agent to public-facing sites, and utilizing KCS to manage knowledge.
Creating a customer community would allow Universal Containers to provide a platform for customers to communicate with each other and find answers to their questions through self-service. This would also allow the company to crowdsource solutions from its customers and enable customers to find quick solutions to their problems.
Adding Live Agent to public-facing sites would enable customers to have real-time chats with support agents, making it easier and faster for them to receive help.
Utilizing KCS (Knowledge Centered Service) to manage knowledge would allow the company to organize and centralize its knowledge base, enabling customers to easily access the information they need. This approach would also allow the company to track the effectiveness of its knowledge base and improve its content over time.
While configuring Chatter for public access and implementing SOS for mobile experience are also potential options, they are not as crucial as the first three options mentioned above.
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How shifts in demand and supply affect equilibrium Consider the market for pens. Suppose that the number of students with an allergy to pencil erasers increases, causing more students to switch from pencils to pens in school. Moreover, the price of ink, an important input in pen production, has increased considerably?
Reduced demand will result in a drop in the equilibrium price and a reduction in supply. With everything else remaining constant, an increase in supply will result in a decrease in the equilibrium price and an increase in the amount required.
The equilibrium price will increase as the supply declines, while the amount needed will go down.The equilibrium quantity rises when both the supply and demand curves move to the right, but the equilibrium price might fluctuate depending on how much the two curves move in different directions. The demand and supply curves move proportionally if the growth in demand and supply is precisely equal. As a result, the equilibrium price doesn't change. The equilibrium quantity does, however, increase. In this situation, the demand curve's right shift is more proportional to the supply curve's shift.
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if two brokerage firms create an alliance in an attempt to prevent another brokerage firm from competing in the marketplace, what may the two firms be liable of...? price fixing group boycotting self dealing vicarious liability
The two businesses can be held accountable for price fixing or collective boycotting.
An intermediary who brings together buyers and sellers to complete a transaction for stock shares, bonds, options, and other financial instruments is known as a brokerage firm or brokerage company.
Once the transaction has been completed, commissions or fees are levied as payment to the broker.
Today, the majority of discount brokerages provide their clients with zero-commission stock trading. By receiving payments from the exchanges for large orders and trading fees for other goods like mutual funds and bonds, the corporations are able to make up for this loss of revenue.
In order to facilitate a transaction, a brokerage firm generally serves as a go-between, bringing together buyers and sellers.
The payment method for full-service brokerage firms is a set annual charge.
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true or false: the market for internet exhibits the two primary characteristics that define perfectly competitive markets. true false
The market for internet exhibits the two primary characteristics that define perfectly competitive markets is false. Therefore, the correct option is B.
Homogeneous products and price takers are the two key features that describe perfectly competitive markets. In a totally competitive market, all firms sell the same items and have no power on the market price.
These traits are not always present in the internet industry. While there may be considerable competition in certain internet-related industries, the market is not necessarily competitive. Many internet-based products and services are not totally uniform, and some corporations use market power to affect prices or dominate specific market characteristics.
Thus, the ideal selection is option B.
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The complete question might be:
The market for internet exhibits the two primary characteristics that define perfectly competitive markets.
A True
B False
a 38-year-old, independently wealthy individual who lives off of her savings is part of which group?
A 38-year-old, independently wealthy individual who lives off of her savings is part of an1. underemployed.
What is underemployment ?Underemployment describes people who can only find work for shorter periods of time than usual, such as part-timers, seasonal workers, or day or casual workers. For instance, someone with an engineering degree whose primary source of income is only as a pizza delivery man is regarded as underemployed. In addition, someone who has a part-time office job but would prefer to work full-time is also termed as underemployed.
Hence correct option is Underemployment .
The proper question is "a 38-year-old, independently wealthy individual who lives off her savings is part of which group. 1. underemployed 2. discouraged workers 3. employed 4. working."
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mary sold her home to lynn. lynn moved into the home but did not record the deed. a few weeks later, mary died. her heirs in another city were unaware that she had sold the home. the heirs conveyed title to david, who actually recorded the deed. who owns the property?
David owns the property. Mary's sale to Lynn was not valid because it was never recorded. Therefore, the title was not transferred to Lynn and David's recorded deed is valid.
Real estate is transferred when the grantor signs the deed and it is given to the grantee and accepted. The deed need not be documented in order to be legal. Ben didn't document what he did. Later, Abraham sold the same property to Clara, a buyer who paid a fair price and in good faith. Clara noted what she did. With Learn mode, you can now step up your studying. Real estate is transferred when the grantor signs the deed and it is given to the grantee and accepted. The deed need not be documented in order to be legal. The grantee's name is omitted from a deed that the grantor has signed and delivered. Carol executes a deed giving Betty ownership of her farm.
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at the end of its first month of operations, a company reported revenue of $42,700. it also reported wages expense, $7,900; rent expense, $6,900; and utilities expense, $1,950. calculate net income reported on the income statement at month-end.
Net income is calculated by subtracting all expenses from the revenue. To calculate the net income for the company at the end of its first month of operations, we need to add up all expenses and subtract this total from the revenue.
Total expenses: $7,900 + $6,900 + $1,950 = $16,750
Net income: $42,700 - $16,750 = $25,950
Therefore, the company reported a net income of $25,950 on the income statement at month-end.
It is important to note that this calculation only includes the expenses mentioned (wages, rent, and utilities) and any other expenses incurred during the month would need to be included in the calculation to determine the accurate net income.
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in the last few years, most of the countries of the world saw a dramatic slowdown in the growth of their economies with the exception of
One of the countries that have seen an increase in GDP growth is China.
The global economy has seen a dramatic slowdown in the last few years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most countries have experienced a significant decline in GDP growth and a rise in unemployment. However, there are a few countries that have managed to escape the economic downturn and have seen a boost in their economy.
The Chinese government implemented various stimulus measures such as increasing infrastructure investments, cutting taxes and providing subsidies to businesses. These measures helped the country achieve a GDP growth rate of 6.5 percent in 2020, which was higher than the estimated average growth rate of 4.9 percent for the global economy.
India also saw a positive trend in its economy. The country’s GDP grew by 4.2 percent in 2020, which is higher than the estimated average global growth rate. This was due to the government's economic policies and strong consumer demand.
In conclusion, while most countries of the world experienced a dramatic slowdown in their economies, there were a few that managed to escape the economic downturn and experienced a boost in their economies. These countries include China and India.
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The following information relates to Snowbird Corporation: Sales at the break-even point ......... $312,500 Total fixed expenses ...................... $250,000 Net operating income .................... $150,000 What is Snowbird's margin of safety? A) $62,500 B) $187,500 C) $100,000 D) $212,500 Answer: B
D) $212,500, The margin of safety is the amount by which sales can drop before a Corporation starts to lose money. The safety margin for Snowbird in this situation is $212,500.
The margin of safety for Snowbird is determined as follows:
Sales at the break-even threshold are calculated as follows: $312,500 / (1 - contribution margin ratio) = $250,000 / Total fixed expenditures (1 - contribution margin ratio)
Ratio of contribution: $312,50 / $250,000.
Ratio of contribution margin: 1.25
Sales - Break-even sales is the margin of safety.
Margin of safety is equal to $150,000.1/1.25.
The safety margin is $120,000.
Therefore, D) $212,500 is the right response.
The margin of safety is the amount by which sales can drop before a Corporation starts to lose money. In this instance, Snowbird has a $212,500 margin of safety, which means that even if sales fall by that much, the business will still be able to cover its fixed costs and turn a profit.
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arianna is an officer of new stage, a theater production company. without asking any other officers, she decides that new stage should sell gardening tools over the internet. she makes contracts with suppliers and an order-fulfillment company. the only action that may not be taken is that:
The only action that may not be taken is that "She (Ariana) may not file a lawsuit against the corporation; if the company refuses to reimburse her for her expenses."
That is because she is the one at fault here. Ariana committed ultra vires to act against the corporation. So she may not file a lawsuit against the company for reimbursement. Ultra vires to act are any acts that lie beyond the authority of a corporation to perform. Ultra vires to act can also be about action that is specifically prohibited by the corporate charter.Learn more about ultra vires to act at: https://brainly.com/question/29763730
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a good vision or mission statement is one that a. challenges the status quo b. follows a straight path to the accomplishment of objectives c. is implemented by the ceo who has the vision d. avoids change
The correct answer is option b. Follows a Straight Path to the Accomplishment of Objectives.
A good vision or mission statement should clearly define the purpose of the organization and the desired outcomes, and should provide a roadmap for how the organization will achieve them.
It should be concise, inspiring, and realistic, allowing employees and other stakeholders to work together to reach the identified goals. The statement should also be actionable, detailing the steps necessary to reach the desired outcome and how the organization can measure success.
A good vision or mission statement should provide clarity and direction, helping the organization make decisions that are in line with the established goals.
It should also be flexible and adaptable, allowing the organization to adjust its strategies as needed to remain competitive.
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hornton, inc., had taxable income of $130,022 for the year. the company's marginal tax rate was 34 percent and its average tax rate was 23.5 percent. how much did the company have to pay in taxes for the year?
The average tax rate, not the marginal tax rate, is used to determine the amount of tax owed by a firm. The company has to pay taxes for the year is $30555.17.
What is marginal tax?
The tax rate you pay on every additional dollar of income is known as the marginal tax rate. In the US, as income rises, so does the federal marginal tax rate for people. Your marginal tax rate will therefore probably be lower than your tax bracket.
The progressive taxation technique seeks to tax people in accordance with their wages, with low-income earners paying less in taxes than high-income earners.
Tax payable = Taxable income × Average tax rate
[tex]= 130,022 * 23.5 percent[/tex]
[tex]= 130,022 * 0.235[/tex]
[tex]=30555.17[/tex]
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last week, she was surprised to find customers asking for specials she hadn't been informed of in advance. the franchise company failed to live up to the value-driven activity of
The franchise company failed to live up to the value-driven activity of effective communication.
Effective communication is a key aspect of any successful business and is essential for ensuring that all parties are informed and on the same page.
In this case, the franchise company's failure to communicate important information about specials to the franchisee resulted in a negative customer experience and may have impacted the franchisee's sales and reputation. This lack of communication also undermines the trust and partnership between the franchisee and the franchise company. Effective communication is a key aspect of any successful business and is essential for ensuring that all parties are informed and on the same page.
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baxley brothers has a dso of 20 days, and its annual sales are $10,950,000. what is its accounts receivable balance? assume that it uses a 365-day year. round your answer to the nearest cent.
The accounts receivable balance of Baxley brothers is $600,000
What is accounts receivable?Accounts receivable, also known as AR or A/R, are legally enforceable claims for payment held by a business for goods or services supplied but not paid for by customers.
The accounts receivable balance of Baxley brothers is computed as:-
Given,
DSO = 20 days, where,
DSO is the abbreviation for Days Sales Outstanding and is referred to in no of days.
Average daily sales: Annual Sales /365 days
= $10,950,000/ 365 days.
= $ 30,000 per day
The accounts receivable balance = Daily sales × DSO
= $ 30,000 × DSO of 20
= $ 600,000
Therefore, $600,000 is the accounts receivable balance.
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if you invest $100 at a stated annual rate of 10 percent compounded quarterly, how much more money will you have in 10 years than if the rate was compounded annually?
The formula to calculate the future value of an investment with compound interest is: FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
To calculate the future value of an investment of $100 with an annual interest rate of 10% compounded quarterly:
Calculate the interest rate per quarter: r/n = 0.10/4 = 0.025
Calculate the number of compounding periods: nt = 4 * 10 = 40
Apply the formula: FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
Substitute values into the formula: FV = $100 * (1 + 0.025)^40
Calculate the future value: FV = $100 * 2.594 = $259.40
To calculate the future value of the same investment with the interest rate compounded annually:
Calculate the interest rate per year: r = 0.10Calculate the number of compounding periods: t = 10Apply the formula: FV = PV * (1 + r)^t
Substitute values into the formula: FV = $100 * (1 + 0.10)^10
Calculate the future value: FV = $100 * 2.59374 = $259.37
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assume+the+current+t-bill+rate+is+4%+and+the+market+return+is+12%.+what+is+the+expected+return+on+a+stock+with+a+beta+of+1.2?
The expected stock return on a stock with a beta of 1.2 would be 14%.
Investors use the concept of "beta" to measure a stock's volatility relative to the overall market. In other words, beta measures how much a stock's price tends to move compared to the movement of the overall market.
A beta of 1.0 means that the stock moves in line with the market, while a beta greater than 1.0 means the stock is more volatile than the market, and a beta less than 1.0 means the stock is less volatile than the market.
To calculate the expected return on a stock with a given beta, we need to use the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which takes into account the risk-free rate of return, the expected market return, and the stock's beta. The formula for CAPM is:
Expected return = Risk-free rate + Beta x (Expected market return - Risk-free rate)
In this case, the risk-free rate is not provided, so we will assume it to be 2% (this is a common assumption for a risk-free rate in financial calculations). The market return is given as 12%, and the stock's beta is 1.2. Using the formula above, we get:
Expected return = 0.02 + 1.2 x (0.12 - 0.02)
Expected return = 0.02 + 1.2 x 0.1
Expected return = 0.02 + 0.12
Expected return = 0.14 or 14%
Therefore, the expected return on a stock with a beta of 1.2, assuming a risk-free rate of 2%, a market return of 12%, and a bill rate of 4%, would be 14%. This expected return represents the anticipated return that an investor could earn by holding the stock, given its level of risk.
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