Compression, shear, and tension are three types of stress that act on layers of rock. Explain the results that each type of stress can have on layers of rock. Include a discussion of whether each result happens slowly or quickly.

Answer:

Compression squeezes rocks together, causing rocks to fold or fracture (break) (figure 1). ... Rocks under tension lengthen or break apart. Tension is the major type of stress at divergent plate boundaries. When forces are parallel but moving in opposite directions, the stress is called shear

Explanation:

Compression squeezes rocks together, causing them to fold or fracture. Tension causes rocks to lengthen or break apart. The most common type of stress at divergent plate boundaries is tension. Shear stress occurs when forces are parallel but moving in opposite directions.

What is compression?

Compression (squashing) occurs when tectonic plates are pushed together, causing the crust to shorten and thicken, resulting in mountain ranges such as the Alps and Himalayas. At depth, the rocks are folded and metamorphosed. They could be faulted closer to the surface.

Shear in geology is the response of a rock to deformation, usually by compressive stress, that results in the formation of specific textures. Shear can be homogeneous or non-homogeneous, as well as pure or simple. Shearing takes place in brittle, brittle-ductile, and ductile rocks. Compressive stress causes fracturing and simple faulting in purely brittle rocks.

In geology, the term "tension" refers to a stress which stretches rocks in two opposite directions. The rocks become longer in a lateral direction and thinner in a vertical direction. One important result of tensile stress is jointing in rocks. However, tensile stress is rare because most subsurface stress is compressive, due to the weight of the overburden.

All these three process happens very slowly and takes a very long time.

Therefore, compression, shear, and tension are three types of stress that act on layers of rock.

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