Epigenetics refers to the changes in gene expression that are not caused by alterations in the underlying DNA sequence. Instead, epigenetic changes are due to modifications in the structure of DNA and the proteins that package it, which can affect whether genes are turned on or off.
The environment can also have an impact on gene expression by causing epigenetic changes or directly affecting the activity of certain genes. In some cases, both epigenetics and the environment can contribute to a particular outcome, while in other cases, neither may be involved.
The offspring of a mouse are anxious because she experienced stress while pregnant - This scenario is the result of both epigenetics and the environment. The stress experienced by the pregnant mouse can cause epigenetic changes that affect gene expression in her offspring, while the environment in which the offspring are raised can also have an impact on their anxiety levels.
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Can genes that are linked exhibit independent assortment?
A - No, alleles of linked genes undergo crossing over to maintain certain allele combinations.
B - Yes, but only if recombination occurs during gamete formation.
C - No, alleles of linked genes are always inherited separately of one another.
D - Yes, but only if homologous chromosomes segregate during meiosis.
Answer: When genes are close together on a chromosome, the alleles on the same chromosome tend to be inherited as a unit more frequently than not. Such genes do not display independent assortment and are said to be linked.
Explanation:
Compare and contrast the Paleozoic and
Mesozoic Eras in terms of the length of each
era, landmasses, and the life forms that evolved in
each. What is interesting or suprising to you in
each era?
It must have a significant proportion of plant life that is endemic, or seen anywhere else on the earth, and at least 1,500 leguminous plants.30percent or less of the original vegetation must remain.
Endemics are what in biology?
In biology, the term "endemism" refers to the geographic distribution of a clade that is only present naturally in a narrow geographic area. As a result, species are those only exist in a particular region, such as a mountainous region, lake, or island, among other examples.
What are some instances of endemic species?
species of plants and animals that can only be found in a certain geographic area are known as endemic species.
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How does the phosphorus cycle work step by step?
The steps of the phosphorus cycle function are:
Phosphorus enters an ecosystem through weathering of rocks and soil, and is taken up by plants through their roots.Animals consume the plants, and phosphorus is passed through the food chain. Animals excrete phosphorus-containing waste, which is absorbed back into the soil.Decomposers break down the phosphorus-containing waste, releasing phosphorus back into the soil.The phosphorus is taken up by plants and the cycle begins again.The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the environment. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for all forms of life, and it cycles between organisms and the environment.
In the environment, phosphorus cycles between the land, water, and air. It is found in rocks and soil, and it is taken up by plants and animals. Animals excrete phosphorus, which is broken down by bacteria and fungi, returning it to the environment. Phosphorus is also released through volcanic activity and some industrial processes.
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what are the limitations to earths mantle?
Answer:
The scale of mantle heterogeneities has been debated ever since the first observations of isotopic variations along mid-oceanic ridges1,2. Subsequent studies on lead and strontium isotopic variations along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge3–5 have shown that these isotopic compositions may vary with a major wavelength of ∼100–1,000 km. The immediate question is that of the scale (if any?) at which one may consider a piece of suboceanic mantle under a ridge to be homogeneous. We have studied two segments of oceanic ridges at the scale of a few kilometres. One of these portions of oceanic ridge, the CYAMEX zone in East Pacific Rise is typical, with a strongly ‘depleted’ chemistry. The other one, with an ‘intermediate’ chemistry, is the FAMOUS zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Our results show isotopic homogeneity for both zones even though small Pb variations persist on a small scale.
Humans have not been able to travel more than a few miles beneath Earth's surface because of the intense heat and pressure. For the same reasons, humans have not been able to travel into the mantle. Temperatures in the mantle range from 1600 degrees Fahrenheit at the top to 4000 degrees Fahrenheit near the bottom.
Braking just short of lockup is known as _____.
Braking just short of lockup is known as ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) braking.
Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) braking is a safety feature that is designed to prevent the wheels of a vehicle from locking up during heavy braking. This is known as "lockup" or "wheel lock." In a traditional braking system, when the driver applies the brakes hard, the wheels can stop rotating, which can cause the vehicle to skid or lose control. With ABS, sensors on the wheels detect when a wheel is about to lock up and automatically pulse the brakes to prevent it from happening. This allows the driver to maintain steering control and avoid skidding, even during hard braking, which helps to shorten the stopping distance and reduce the risk of a crash.
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A plant native to the chaparral would be expected to _______. a. require frequent rainfall b. tolerate nutrient-poor soil c. have large, soft leaves d. be tall with large branches please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
One would anticipate that a plant endemic to chaparral would be able to endure nutrient-deficient soil.
How do plants endure in nutrient-deficient soil?One of the most common responses to nutrient-poor soils is a change in root structure, which can either increase the root's surface area overall to boost nutrient uptake or lengthen the root system to reach new nutrient sources.
Can a plant live without food?Certainly, plants can develop without soil, but they are unable to do so without the essentials that soil offers. The roots of plants require oxygen to breathe, as well as support, nutrition, safeguarding from extreme temperatures, and an even supply of moisture.
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Which of the choices is a characteristic of meiotic cell division?
Chromosome count is reduced by half during meiotic cell division.
Which of the following describes how meiotic cell division works?Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of four gamete cells and a halving of the parent cell's chromosome count. In order to reproduce sexually, egg and sperm cells must be produced.
What divisions are there in meiosis?There are two cellular divisions involved in the meiotic process: To reduce the number of chromosomes by half (diploid to haploid), the initial meiotic division separates pairs of homologous chromosomes. In the second meiotic division, sister chromatids are split apart.
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Earth is approximately 4. 5 billion years old. Is it likely that any of the rocks that were on earth's surface when it first formed are still in existence?.
A is the anwer, No rock material is constantly recycled on Earth's surface through the rock cycle.
which made it possible for researchers to calculate that Earth was at least 4.3 billion years old?Earth's age is generally acknowledged by astronomers and geologists to be 4.6 billion years. With the help of dating techniques like rubidium-strontium and uranium-lead, this age has been determined through the isotopic analysis of several meteorites as well as soil and rock samples from the Moon.
Which stage of the rock cycle is active at the Earth's surface?Rocks at the surface of the Earth are reduced in size by weathering. Sediments are the microscopic pieces. These sediments are moved around by erosion in different locations by running water, ice, and gravity. Sedimentation is the process by which sediments are deposited or laid down.
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HELPPPEEAAAAAUHHHHHhejj
Answer: A
Explanation:
The process described above is metabolism.
how does the use of fertilizer affect the nitrogen cycle
Answer:
When farmers harvest crops, a lot of the plant material is also removed. Little is left to decay and return nitrogen to the soil. If the soil stays this way, it will start producing fewer crops. Fertilizer contains the nitrogen compounds that are essential for plant growth. It can be used to replace the nitrogen in the soil to ensure the growth of healthy crops.
Explanation:
sample res.
The use of fertilizer can increase the amount of nitrogen in soil and water, leading to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms.
What is nitrogen cycle?Fertilizers are commonly used in agriculture to supplement the soil with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. When nitrogen-rich fertilizers are applied to crops, the excess nitrogen can affect the nitrogen cycle in several ways.
Firstly, excess nitrogen can be leached from the soil and enter nearby water bodies, leading to eutrophication. This process involves the growth of excessive algae and aquatic plant life, which can deplete the water's oxygen levels and harm fish and other aquatic organisms.
Secondly, excess nitrogen can lead to soil acidification, reducing the soil's fertility and inhibiting plant growth. This can result in the need for even more fertilizer to maintain crop yields, exacerbating the issue.
Lastly, excess nitrogen can increase nitrous oxide emissions, a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.
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Which of the following occurs during the light-dependent reactions of plants?a. Electron transportb. The splitting of waterc. A hydrogen ion gradient is established to produce ATd. All the above
All of the given options occur during the light-dependent reactions of plants: (a) Electron transport; (b) The splitting of water; and (c) A hydrogen ion gradient is established to produce ATP.
Light-dependent reactions are the part of photosynthesis process where the plant captures the sunlight energy which is inorganic form in order to convert it into usable form of energy like the ATP and NADPH. These reactions occur in the chloroplast.
ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate. It is the most usable form of energy by various living organisms. ATP is required to perform all the active processes of the living body. The splitting of ATP releases high amounts of energy which is then used for body functions.
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How many molecules of carbon dioxide are released in Krebs cycle per glucose molecule?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 6
The correct choice is C 4
The Krebs cycle, also known as the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) or citric acid cycle, occurs within the mitochondrial matrix. This cycle is the stepwise oxidative and cyclical breakdown of acetyl-CoA. This cycle acts on two pyruvate molecules produced during glycolysis.
The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate. Two molecules of pyruvate are produced from one molecule of glucose. Therefore, one molecule of pyruvate is responsible for the release of 2.
CO
2
1 Molecules in the Krebs cycle. Because one molecule of glucose yields two molecules of pyruvate.There are two cycles to use both molecules of pyruvate. Therefore, one glucose molecule is involved in the release of 4.
CO
2
Molecules in the Krebs cycle.
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A phospholipid is composed of all the following, except _____.
A. A charged phosphate group
B. A glycerol head
C. A fatty acid tails
D. A polysaccharide nucleus
E. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & phosphorus
how low-cost water leads to waste of fresh water in irrigation, industries, and homes?
Up to 50% of the groundwater we use outside is lost to the elements including wind, evaporation, and runoff brought on by ineffective irrigation techniques, businesses, and infrastructure.
How does evaporation explain itself?A liquid transforms into a gas during evaporation. It is simple to picture when puddles of rain "vanish" on a hot day and when wet clothing dries in the sun. In these instances, the sea phase is draining into a gas known as water vapor rather than really dissipating. Global evaporation takes place.
Why is the evaporation process so crucial?Wind panels, or heat from the sun, is what causes the evaporation process to occur. It takes on moisture from garden soil as well as the biggest lakes and oceans. As the water is uncovered to the sun's heat, its level will drop.
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READING TOOL Connect to Visuals Before you read, preview Figure 12-7. Try to infer the read, revise purpose of this diagram. As you read, compare your inference to the text. After you your statement if needed or write a new one about the diagram's purpose. Take notes on the lines provided. Then view the Punnett square and answer the questions below regarding the genotypes and phenotypes.
The triallelic gene codes for the ABO blood type and its alleles express complete dominance and codominance.
What is the ABO blood type?Blood type ABO is determined by a triallelic gene I. Depending on the allelic interaction, this gene can express complete dominance or co-dominance.
IA and IB express complete dominance over i, meaning that the dominant IA and IB alelles hide the expression of the recessive allele i in heterozygous individuals.
Cross:
Parentals) IAIB x ii
Gametes) IA IB i i
Punnett square) IA IB
i IAi IBi
i IAi IBi
Therefore, The triallelic gene codes for the ABO blood type and its alleles express complete dominance and codominance.
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8. Tell the difference between mammalian and non mammalian blood:
Answer: Mammals:they have hair, they give birth to babies,warm blooded,have sweat glands. Examples:bear,whales,human beings,etc. Non-mammals:they don't have hair or fur,lay eggs,cold blooded.
A _P_ __ __ __ __ __ is a group of closely related classes.
Species is a group of closely related classes.
What are species?A group of related living things that are capable of interbreeding or gene exchange is referred to as a species. The primary natural taxonomic unit is the species, which comes before a genus and is identified by a Latin binomial, such as Homo sapiens.
In the biological classification, a genus is a level (or taxonomy). It is placed below families and above species. More than one species can be found in a genus. When biologists refer to a genus, they are referring to one or more species of plants or animals that are linked to one another in some way.
One of the eight primary taxonomic ranks, families are arranged between orders and genera. Subfamilies, which are intermediary ranks above the rank of genus, can be formed within a family.
Therefore, Species is a group of closely related classes.
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As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest wanes and they look away sooner. The decrease in an infant’s responsiveness is called a. concentration. b. teratogens. c. habituation. d. stability. e. transference.
As babies get used to repeating exposure to visual stimuli, their interest will decrease and they will look away more quickly. The decreased responsiveness of the baby is called c. habituation.
What is visual ability?Spatial visualization ability or visual-spatial ability is the ability to mentally manipulate two-dimensional and three-dimensional images. Usually measured by a simple cognitive test and predicted by the user's ability with several face-to-face approaches. The first thousand days of a child (from the womb to the age of 2 years) is the right time to stimulate his intelligence.
When the baby is used to repeated visual exposure, the baby will turn away because his interest has decreased, this is due to visual process habituation.
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how does the flow of water on earth affect the phosphorus cycle
Answer:
rain and weathering cause rocks to release phosphate ions and other minerals.
Explanation:
What is social perspective in sociology?
The sociological perspective, which holds that our social origins impact our attitudes, conduct, and life chances, is at the center of sociology. In this aspect, we are not simply individuals, but social creatures who are profoundly entwined with society.
The sociological viewpoint is a method of comprehending human behavior by situating it within its larger social context. C. Wright Mills defined sociology as the junction of biography (the individual) and history (social factors that influence the individual).
Problems such as eating disorders, divorce, and unemployment are examples. Public issues are societal problems that impact many people and have their roots in a society's social structure and culture. Thus, difficulties in society assist to account for problems that individuals face.
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14. Practice your base pairing by completing the strands of DNA below.
ATGACGCGAGATCGAGT
AGGTACGACGTCTAGCA
Answer:
TACTGCGCTCTAGCTA
TCCATGCTGCAGATCT
Explanation:
hope it was helpful
1. Why did National Geographic choose Queens, New York to do their DNA sampling experiment?
2. What can DNA from cheek swabs tell people about their ancestors?
1. Due of its high genetic diversity, National Geographic decided to conduct their DNA sampling experiment in Queens, New York.
2. You can locate distant ancestors based on common DNA with just a simple cheek swab, no spit or blood required.
You can also get a percentage breakdown of your ethnic origins. Additionally, it is possible to confirm any known family ties. Analyzing DNA variants can reveal information about a person's ancestry and the connections between their family.
DNA is used as a molecular tool to determine our ancestry because each of our parents gives us one-half of our chromosomes. Small segments of DNA are sequenced during genetic testing rather than the entire genome of an individual.
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Does choanoflagellates have cell covering or skeleton. Give an explanation.
Yes, it is true that choanoflagellates have cell covering of skeleton.
What are some of the characteristics of choanoflagellates?Choanoflagellates are group of free-living unicellular and colonial flagellate eukaryotes that are the closest living relatives of the animals.
Choanoflagellates, was regarded as most closely related to animals because some of their tentacles (with a rigid internal skeleton of bundled actin as in animal intestinal microvilli) are aggregated as a collar surrounding the cilium.
Choanoflagellates have a distinct morphology which is characterized by spherical/ovoid shape and single flagellum that is surrounded by around 30-40 microvilli. They are between 3 and 10 µm in diameter.
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Which of the following describes advantages of geothermal power?
1. Plants require some electricity to operate.
II. Its use reduces greenhouse gases.
III. It uses local sources of energy.
Its use reduces greenhouse gases.
The advantage of geothermal power is its use reduces greenhouse gases.
What are the two benefits of geothermal energy in terms of power plant operating costs?For heating and cooling, effectiveness and lower carbon emissions. Geothermal energy provides low-carbon and energy-efficient heating and cooling choices for American homes and businesses, including geothermal heat pumps that manage heat from buildings by utilizing the Earth's constant temperature.
Are greenhouse gases produced by geothermal energy?Geothermal energy, in contrast to fossil fuels, is a sustainable resource that doesn't release the greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change. Additionally, since the "fuel" is free once a geothermal system is installed, the marginal expenses are relatively modest.
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5. Which of the following is an example of a home device that
uses negative feedback?
A. blender
B. corkscrew
C. microwave oven
D. thermostat
Which class of enzyme attaches phosphate groups to other molecules ?
The correct answer is a kinase. Kinases are enzymes that couple the hydrolysis of ATP to the addition of a phosphate group to its substrate.
The kinase is an enzyme that attaches a phosphate group to a protein. A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from a protein. Together, these two families of enzymes act to modulate the conditioning of the proteins in a cell, frequently in response to externalstimuli.A type of enzyme( a protein that speeds up chemical responses in the body) that adds chemicals called phosphates to other motes, similar as sugars or proteins. This may beget other motes in the cell to come either active or inactive.
Kinases are a part of numerous cellprocesses.Protein kinases and phosphatases are enzymes catalysing the transfer of phosphate between their substrates. A protein kinase catalyses the transfer of γ- phosphate from ATP( or GTP) to its protein substrates while a protein phosphatase catalyses the transfer of the phosphate from a phosphoprotein to a water patch.
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a 6.50g piece of substance B was rolled out into a thin sheet measuring 24.0 cm x 18.0 cm. calculate the volume and the density of the sheet of metal. show work use units
The volume and the density of the sheet of metal can not be calculated because the value for thickness is unknown.
Calculating the volume of the sheet of metal:m = 6.50g
w = 24.0 cm
L = 18.0 cm
We need to determine its thickness. Since we don't know the thickness, we can calculate it by using the density formula:
Density = Mass / Volume
ρ = m/v
making Volume, V the formula :
Volume = Mass / Density
We know the mass of the substance (6.50g) and we can assume that the density is constant throughout the sheet.
We can assume that the density of the sheet of metal is the same as the density of substance B.
So, the volume of the sheet of metal is:
Volume = 6.50g
Density
= (6.50g)
(Density of substance B)
We can calculate the area of the sheet by using the formula:
Area = length x width
Area = 24.0cm x 18.0cm
Area = 432cm²
And the thickness of the sheet is:
Volume = (6.50g)* 432cm²
Area (Density of substance B)
Now we can calculate the density of the sheet by using the formula:
Density = Mass
Volume
Density = 6.50g
(432cm² x thickness)
Hence, the density of the sheet of metal is:
Density = 6.50g
(432cm² x thickness) g/cm³
Note: We have an unknown value for thickness so we can't calculate the density of the sheet of metal.
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What is role of biomedical engineer in hospital?
Biomedical engineers play a critical role in the hospital setting. They are responsible for designing, maintaining, and repairing medical equipment and systems that are used in the diagnosis and treatment of patients.
This may include biomedical equipment such as ventilators, imaging machines, heart monitors, and other vital medical equipment. Additionally, biomedical engineers can develop and modify software programs used in the hospital to analyze patient data.
Biomedical engineers are also involved in the development of new medical technologies and techniques. They often collaborate with other healthcare professionals such as physicians, nurses, and technicians to create new medical devices and treatments. This can involve researching and developing new technology, testing devices and procedures, and training healthcare professionals on the use of new technology.
In addition to their research and development roles, biomedical engineers are also responsible for ensuring the safety and efficacy of medical equipment in the hospital. They must ensure that all medical equipment is up to date and functioning properly, as well as ensuring that proper safety protocols are in place. Additionally, they may be responsible for troubleshooting and repairing medical equipment when needed.
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What does sociological perspective show us?
The sociological perspective shows that people's behavior is shaped by the groups to which individuals belong and by the social interaction that occurs within those groups.
The sociological perspective directs people to see the link between social content and the behavior of individuals. It means that a sociological perspective is a method that understands people's behavior within a broader social context that influences behaviors, attitudes, and life chances.
Thus, the sociological perspective reveals that an individual's behavior is influenced by interactions they make with the people and the social context surrounding them.
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How does a root of a plant that lacks chloroplast get energy?
A root of a plant that lacks chloroplast gets energy through the storage of food. Plant cells that do not have chloroplasts are plants that don't create their own food. These plants usually have stored food.
How do plants survive without chloroplast?Without chloroplasts, plants would not be able to get their energy from the sun and would cease to survive, leaving us without food. On the other hand, without mitochondria, animals would be lacking in cellular energy and would also fail to survive.
In respiration, root cells burn glucose that's been transported from the leaves. Glucose is transformed into cellular energy (called adenosine triphosphate or ATP) that's used to drive metabolic processes, mainly water, and nutrient uptake.
Therefore, a root of a plant that lacks chloroplast gets energy through the storage of food.
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