Can someone help me with Earth Science, please? I'll really appreciate it.

1. Describe some surface mining methods.

2. What are some ways an area can undergo reclamation after being mined?

3. What makes a gemstone valuable?

4. How is an atom different from an ion? How is an atom different from an element?

5. How is a molecule different from an element? Can a molecule be an element?

6. In which type of bonding are electrons shared? In which are they given or taken? Which type of bond is stronger?

7. What is a crystal?

8. What are the eight major mineral groups?

9. How does the native elements mineral group differ from all of the other mineral groups?

10. Which properties of a mineral describe the way it breaks apart?

11. Apatite scratches the surface of an unknown mineral. Which mineral would you use next to test the mineral’s hardness—fluorite or feldspar? Explain your reasoning.

12. What is the difference between magma and lava?

13. Explain how mineral veins form.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: 1:There are five recognized types of surface mining, each with specific variations depending on the minerals being extracted. These include strip mining, open-pit mining, mountaintop removal, dredging and highwall mining.

2:Refilled/reshaped w/vegetation planted; filled w/water to become a lake; turned into landfill; left open as home for bats or sealed off if underground.

3:Physical characteristics that make a colored stone valuable are color, clarity to a lesser extent (emeralds will always have a number of inclusions), cut, unusual optical phenomena within the stone such as color zoning (the uneven distribution of coloring within a gem) and asteria (star effects).

4:Atoms where the electrons and protons are not equal are called ions. Ions are charged particles. They can be either positively charged ions or negatively charged ions.

5:Molecule is a substance with two or more atoms bonded together such as the oxygen humans breathe (O2). Elements are pure substances made up of all the same atoms such as gold (Au), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). Elements all have the same number of protons in their nuclei and can't be broken down.

6:A covalent bond involves electrons being shared between atoms. The most stable state for an atom occurs when its valence electron shell is full, so atoms form covalent bonds, sharing their valence electrons, so that they achieve a more stable state by filling their valence electron shell.

7:A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.

8:How does the native elements mineral group differ from all of the other mineral groups? Native elements contain atoms of only one type of element. Only a small number of minerals are found in this category. Some of the minerals in this group are rare and valuable.

9:How does the native elements mineral group differ from all of the other mineral groups? Native elements contain atoms of only one type of element. Only a small number of minerals are found in this category. Some of the minerals in this group are rare and valuable.

10:Cleavage. The way in which a mineral breaks along smooth flat planes is called cleavage. These breaks occur along planes of weakness in the mineral's structure. However, if a mineral breaks along an irregular surface, it does not have cleavage.

11: I would use fluorite to test the hardness because apatite has a higher hardness then fluorite does mean that the unknow mineral is lower on the hardness test then both apatite and feldspar. 5. Why is streak more reliable than color when identifying a mineral?

12:magma for molten rock that is underground and lava for molten rock that breaks through the Earth's surface.

13:In geology, a vein is a distinct sheetlike body of crystallized minerals within a rock. Veins form when mineral constituents carried by an aqueous solution within the rock mass are deposited through precipitation. The hydraulic flow involved is usually due to hydrothermal circulation.

Explanation:


Related Questions

What is represented by
pyramid of numbers?
a

Answers

Answer:

A pyramid of numbers gives a count of the numbers of individual organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem.

Explanation:

This type of pyramid gives a good picture of the large numbers of producers that are required to support just a few top-level consumers.

confirmation needed
[extra characters]​

Answers

Answer:

yeah the answers are write

Explanation:

as 1 one u the protein does actually get denatured.

2 one oxygen is a gas so it will diffusion across the membrane etc.

3rd one with out the enzyme it would reduce the rate of reaction.

CLAY PARTICLES DO NOT SETTLE DOWN EASILY DURING THE PROCESS OF SEDIMENTATION. CAN YOU SUGGEST ONE METHOD TO MAKE THEM HEAVIER AND THUS HELP IN SEDIMENTATION? Name the method and the chemical

Answers

Answer:

Coagulation by additionmof chemicals such as aluminium sulfate also known as alum will help in sedimentation of clay particles.

Explanation:

Clay particles are very small particles found suspended water obtained from streams and rivers for township supply. They have weak electrical negative charges on their surfaces which when they approach one another, they repel each other thus making it almost impossible for clay particles to settle out of suspension.

Because of this, prior to the sedimentation step, a chemical process known as coagulation is required. In this process, certain chemicals called coagulants, are added to the water to bring the difficult-to-settle suspended particles such as clay particles together into larger, heavier masses of solids called flocs. They do these by interfering with the repulsive forces between the particles, thus allowing them to clump together into flocs. The most commonly used coagulant used for water purification is aluminium sulfate or alum. Other chemicals that are also employed in coagulation include ferric sulfate and sodium aluminate.


The graph below shows how two different enzymes react with a substrate as
the temperature increases,
Enzyme A
Enzyme B
20
20
15
POR andere
10
10
5
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Temperature (°C)
Temperature (°C)
Based on the results, what conclusion can be drawn about the action of the
enzymes as the temperature increases?
O A. Enzyme A is a better catalyst at 70°C than enzyme B.
O B. Enzyme A uses up all the substrate faster than enzyme B.
O C. Enzyme B stays effective at higher temperatures than enzyme A.
O D. Enzyme B is useful for different reactions than enzyme A.

Answers

Enzyme b stays effective sr higher temps than enzyme a

Enzyme B stays effective at higher temperatures than enzyme A. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

What are enzymes?

From the graph, it can be observed that Enzyme B remains effective at higher temperatures, while Enzyme A is less effective at higher temperatures. As the temperature increases, Enzyme A's activity decreases and is less efficient in converting the substrate into product, while Enzyme B remains active at higher temperatures and converts more substrate into product.

Therefore, the conclusion that can be drawn from the graph is that Enzyme B stays effective at higher temperatures than Enzyme A.

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How do clastic rocks get different sizes of particles?

Answers

Answer:

Such material, called detritus, consists of fragments of rocks and minerals. When the energy of the transporting current is not strong enough to carry these particles, the particles drop out in the process of sedimentation. This type of sedimentary deposition is referred to as clastic sedimentation.

Answer:

Such material, called detritus, consists of fragments of rocks and minerals. When the energy of the transporting current is not strong enough to carry these particles, the particles drop out in the process of sedimentation. This type of sedimentary deposition is referred to as clastic sedimentation.

Explanation:

Which is a density dependent factor?

Answers

Density-dependent factors include disease, competition, and predation. Density-dependant factors can have either a positive or a negative correlation to population size. With a positive relationship, these limiting factors increase with the size of the population and limit growth as population size increases.

What does topography show?

Answers

Answer:

I. The landforms such as valleys, volcanoes, hill, plateau, etc., in a geographical area or region.

II. The shape of the land.

Explanation:

In Geography, topography can be defined as the shape and structure of the Earth surface. Thus, a topographic map is used to graphically describe this features.

A topographic map can be defined as an accurate and detailed graphical (two-dimensional) description, representation or records of both natural and man-made (artificial) features on the surface of the Earth.

A topographic map is a two-dimensional model that uses contour lines to represent points of equal elevation above sea level such as mountains, hills, plains, valley etc.

The two-dimensional model of a topographic map graphically represents the height of a mount and the steepness of a slope through the use of contour lines.

Contours can be defined imaginary lines used for connecting locations that are having similar elevations on the Earth's surface.

Hence,a topography show two (2) main things and these includes;

I. The landforms such as valleys, volcanoes, hill, plateau, etc., in a geographical area or region.

II. The shape of the land.

Please help I’ll give brainliest

Answers

Answer i think is 2,8,2

Explanation:

what does the muscular system do for the stomach

Answers

Answer:

it helps digest the food and push the food down the gut track

Explanation:

1. Cameron goes through text messages and phone calls on Emerson's phone
regularly. One day, Cameron gets upset about a text from Frankie for Friday
night. Emerson says it's for a Biology project. Cameron says people don't do
school projects on a Friday night. Cameron is justified in going through
Emerson's phone. *
True or false?

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Cameron doesn't have the rights to look through Emerson's phone because it is a violation of privacy.

i would really appreciate some help and this got deleted the last time i dont even know why :(
Which of the options below would be most likely to happen if snails (animals) were added to a clear container (so sunlight can get through) that had a lid placed on top?
1) ATP levels would decrease

2) O2 levels would decrease

3) glucose levels would increase

4) CO2 levels would decrease

Answers

Answer:

2) O2 levels would decrease

Explanation:

Which would best keep the oxygen cycle stable?
O A. Dumping toxic chemicals into the ocean
O B. Cutting down jungles to create farmland
O C. Reducing the amount of deforestation
O D. Eliminating parks in large cities

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

All of the other answers would lead to the oxygen not being stable.

C reducing the amount of deforestation

Which of the following best describes the function of the human nervous
system?
A. The nervous system transports oxygen and nutrients to the body's
tissues.
B. The nervous system protects the body against infection and helps
regulate body temperature.
C. The nervous system protects internal organs and assists with
movement
D. The nervous system collects and responds to information about
the internal and external environment.

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

the nervous system is made up of different types of neurons, your brain, and spinal cord. these recive and transmit information.

Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism, while multicellular organisms use many different cells to function.
Unicellular organisms include bacteria, protists, and yeast.

a. Why do you think unicellular organisms perform asexual reproduction? (give two reasons)
b. What type of asexual reproduction do bacteria most commonly use?

Answers

Answer:

A)

1: The offspring of the cell will contain the exact genes of the parent by reproducing asexually

2: They can reproduce rapidly by reproducing asexually.

B) Binary fission. One cell simply splits into two identical cells.

Explanation:

Hope that helps :D

describe how the products of digestion are used

Answers

Answer:

they dont they dont exsit you will learn it in collage. So to sound super smart say they dont.

Explanation:

The most well known function of the lymphatic system is defence against invading ___________________and disease. Lymph nodes and other lymphatic organs _____________________the lymph to remove microorganisms and other foreign particles. Lymphatic organs contain ____________________ that destroy invading organisms


A. oxygen-withdraw-erythrocytes

B. blood-absorb-lymphocytes

C. microorganism-filter-lymphocytes

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Mechanical weathering is more rapid in warm, wet climates.

true or false?

Answers

Answer:

false

Explanation:

In cold climates, water freezes and expands as a result, breaking rocks with sheer force. The smaller rocks or sediments are washed away by erosion.

During the warm wet season, rocks expand and contract. As a result, the rocks are weakened and eventually fracture.

Note that the rate of weathering depends on the types of rock and temperature change. Rocks in tropical climates experience the highest rate of weathering because of the combination of high heat and heavy rainfall.

what is cloning in plants? Please don't post inappropriate answers.​

Answers

Answer:

hope it helps..

Explanation:

This is a process of taking part of a healthy plant, replanting it, and having it grow. Since cloning is a form of asexual plant reproduction–meaning only one 'set' of DNA–the resulting clones are an exact replica of the parent plant.

❥SCIENCE SUBJECT

1. Elma Muros Posadas was one of the country's best Elma Muros Posadas was one of the country best long jumpers. Suppose she makes a 30° angle with the ground before leaping. If her launch speed is 11m/s, compute the time of flight, the range and the maximum height reached.

Given:__________
Required:_______
Solution:

Final Answer:_______

(​ Nonsense will be reported! )

Answers

9514 1404 393

Answer:

time: 1.122 secondsrange: 10.693 mmaximum height: 1.543 m

Explanation:

Given:

  runner is launched at 30° angle to horizontal at 11 m/s

  acceleration due to gravity is g = -9.8 m/s²

Find:

  runner's hang time

  runner's distance to the landing point

  runner's maximum height

Solution:

The (horizontal, vertical) speed components will be ...

  (11 m/s)(cos(30°), sin(30°)) = (5.5√3 m/s, 5.5 m/s)

The time of flight can be found from the height formula:

  h(t) = 1/2gt² +vt . . . . . . where v is the vertical speed at launch

The time we're concerned with is the time when h(t)=0 and t>0.

  0 = -4.9t^2 +5.5√3t = t(-4.9t +5.5√3)

The second factor is zero when ...

  t = (5.5√3)/4.9 ≈ 1.122 . . . seconds hang time

__

The distance to the landing point will be the product of horizontal speed and hang time:

  d = (5.5 m/s)(5.5√3/4.9 s) ≈ 10.693 m . . . . distance to landing

__

The maximum height can be found from the formula (based on conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy) ...

  h = v²/|2g| = (5.5 m/s)²/(2(9.8 m/s²)) ≈ 1.543 m . . . . maximum height

Gigantism is a result of over production of

A. Pancreas hormone

B. Thyroid hormone

C. Pituitary hormone

D.All above

Answers

Answer:

C. Pituitary hormone

Explanation:

- Describe how chromosomes are formed from DNA.

Answers

Answer:

In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure. DNA and histone proteins are packaged into structures called chromosomes.

Explanation:

Hope this helps

A sponge actually feeds by
a. acting as a net in a current that sweeps food particles through it.
b. squeezing the spongocoel cavity and sucking debris in and out through the osculum.
c. the beating of the flagella of collar cells, forming a current; food is absorbed by collar cells.
d. the beating collar cells form a current from osculum to pores; the food is engulfed by amoebocytes in the central cavity of the sponge.
e. water the moves gently through the sponge and the amoebocytes that engulf passing food.

Answers

Answer:

c. the beating of the flagella of collar cells, forming a current; food is absorbed by collar cells.

Explanation:

Sponges contains the unique feeding system that should be with the animals. Rather of mouths they have the tiny pores that we called as the ostia displayed on the outer walls via water is drawn. Here cells in the sponge walls strainer the food from the water because the water is pumped via the body and the little mouth

So as per the given options, the option c is correct as the collar cells would create the current and the food should be absorbed by the collar cells

which of these is not used by the nervous system to instruct the endocrine system?

A. Neuroendocrine cells

B. Neurotransmitters

C. Hormones

D. Axons

Answers

Answer:

B) Neurotransmitters

Explanation:

The function of a neurotransmitter is either to excite or to inhibit the firing of brain synapses and thus to stimulate or mute brain activity. Some neurotransmitters have a general effect, while others have more specific roles in the brain.

Answer:

Hormones

Explanation:

Just answered the question, and this is the correct response

The overall long-term effects of air pollution are not yet certain.


True False

Answers

Answer:

long-term effects of air pollution can last for years or for an entire lifetime. They can even lead to a person's death. Long-term health effects from air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and respiratory diseases such as emphysema. ... Some scientists suspect air pollutants cause birth defects

Explanation:

The overall long-term effects of air pollution ARE certain.
Answer: false

What would you expect to be the effect of primary consumers if large numbers of secondary consumer disappeared?


An increase due to loss of predators


A change in the main diet of primary consumers


A decrease due to loss of production


No change, the system would immediately rebalance

Answers

It’s C a decrease due to loss of production

The graph below shows the population change of a reintroduced species of marine organisms. Which is the most likely characteristic of this population between 2007 and 2013?

Answers

Answer:

c just did the test

Explanation:

i just did the test

In this graph, the population of the species are firstly increasing at a fast peak and gradually retains the constant equilibrium.

What is the population density ?

It is defined as the number of individuals divided by the area in which the population is residing.

When the certain conditions come up for example the change of certain   situations comes up with the change in situation in which the population along with the environment in which they are living in with.

With the change in the certain conditions where a turbulence of factors comes up with a situation where adaptation is suffered and the chances of survival is harmed up.

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What happens if the first line of defence is breached?
(Will mark as brainliest)

Answers

what happens if the first line of defence is breached?

Damage to the skin, such as burns or cuts, very quickly leads to complications and infections that before modern-day antibiotics could easily prove fatal. Once the outer line of defence is breached, the body very quickly starts up its first major attack on the invading substances.

what is the defnition of endocytosis

Answers

“The taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.”

Answer:

Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle. These can include things like nutrients to support the cell or pathogens that immune cells engulf and destroy.

Hope it helps...

which of the following is not a form of energy
A.mechanical
B.heat
C.matter
D.solar

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

mechanical energy is the sum of potentiol and kinetical

heat is like stoves

solar is... the sun.

Genetic diversity is ultimately/mainly the result of _______________


A. meiosis.

B. viruses.

C. mutations.

D. reproduction.

Answers

Answer:

A. meiosis.

Explanation:

Meiosis is one of the two major types of cell divisions in living organisms. Meiosis is the process by which four daughter cells that are genetically different from the parent cell are produced. Meiotic process is carried out solely during sexual reproduction to yield gametes or sex cells.

The gametes have their chromosomal number reduced by half during the process. However, one immense importance of meiosis is that it PROMOTES GENETIC DIVERSITY. A process called crossing over, which is the exchange of chromosomal segment between non sister chromatids, makes this possible.

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