more carbon dioxide being present in the atmosphere. Significant amounts of carbon are released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, altering how land is used, and using limestone in concrete.
As a result, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is fast increasing and has already surpassed previous 3.6 million-year highs. As trees and other plants develop, they take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In the branches, leaves, trunks, roots, and soil of the plant, this is transformed into carbon and stored. Carbon dioxide is the major form of stored carbon that is released into the atmosphere when forests are burned or removed.
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Mark is heterozygous. If B is for brown hair, and b is for blonde hair, what is Mark’s genotype?
A. BB
B. Bb
C. Br
Answer:
Mark's genotype is Bb.
Explanation:
Heterozygous means that the individual has two different alleles for a trait, one from each parent. In this case, Mark has one allele for brown hair (B) and one allele for blonde hair (b).
So, option B is correct.
which of the following is not a function of skeletal striated muscle? multiple choice body movement production of hormones maintenance of posture respiration production of heat
D) Production of heat is not a function of skeletal striated muscle.
Skeletal muscle paly a vital role in daily needs of an human . the prime functions of skeletal muscle is to be able to contract and produce desired movement, they also helps in maintaining the body posture and position, they are responsible for storing nutrients and helps to stabilize the joints.
Hence , The major functions of muscle tissues include encouraging of the movement in the body structures, movement of blood throughout the body, stabilizing joints also contraction and relaxation of muscles and joints .
Hence ,D is the correct option
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Jerry is recording the amount of daylight his town receives throughout the month of September. He records the data each Monday of the month. His results are shown in the table below.
According to Jerry's data, the amount of daylight is getting shorter. If this pattern holds, daytime hours will continue to shorten, and nighttime hours will lengthen.
How does the timing of day and night change?During the observations, Jerry is recording the amount of daylight his town receives throughout the month of September.
The length of day and night on the surface of the earth varies from season to season due to the axial tilt of the earth's rotation axis with regard to its orbital axis.
Therefore, the length of the nighttime will increase the next week is the prediction according to Jerry's data.
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The given question is incomplete, so the most probable complete question is,
Jerry is recording the amount of daylight his town receives throughout the month of September. He records the data each Monday of the month. His results are shown in the table below.
Hours of Daylight Received
Week Hours of Daylight
1 8.34
2 8.12
3 7.98
4 7.63
Which of the following predictions is supported by the data Jerry collected?
A. The amount of daylight will increase the next month.
B. The length of the nighttime will increase the next week.
C. The weather in Jerry's town will be hotter the next month.
D. The Sun will not rise until 8:00 A.M. the next week.
which events are thought to have played an important role in the evolution of eukaryotic cells? select all that apply.
All of the mentioned events are thought to have played an important role in the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cell evolution is thought to have been influenced by a number of key events, including the following:
1. Theory of endosymbiosis: The most widely accepted explanation for how eukaryotic cells came to be is this one. It asserts that symbiotic interactions between primitive prokaryotic cells like bacteria and archaea led to the development of eukaryotic cells. The first mitochondria, which are the organelles that are in charge of cellular respiration, were formed when one of these bacteria was taken over by another and evolved.
2. Diversification and duplication of chromosomes: In comparison to prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells have significantly more complex multiple linear chromosomes. Multiple rounds of chromosomal duplication and diversification are thought to have led to this complexity.
3. Nuclear envelope development: Eukaryotic cells are distinguished by the nuclear envelope, which separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. It is thought that this structure evolved to protect the chromosomes and control how materials move between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
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(Complete question)
Theory of endosymbiosis
Diversification and duplication of chromosomes
Nuclear envelope development
All of the above
if the ribosomes of a cell stop working, what process most likely will be interrupted?
Answer: The protein will not be synthesized
Explanation:
Ribosomes are mainly known as the protein factory of the cell because they are the site of active translation and are involved in protein synthesis.
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Which countries do endangered, vulnerable, and critically endangered species of caecilians live in? Please only give the countries of those asked for, and not all species.
The caecilians can be found in Central America.
What are the caecilians ?
The caecilians are the kind of species that we call the amphibians and this means that they can be able to live both on the land and in the water. As we know, when we say that a specie is an endangered specie what we mean is that such a specie is very close to becomming aspecie that os exteinct and may soon stop existing.
The caecilians are not snakes and they are not worms but they belong to the class that we call the amphibians and they can be found in the many areas around South America.
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jane consumed a breakfast that contained 85 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 18 grams of fat. how many kilocalories did jane eat at breakfast? group of answer choices 582 kilocalories
The total number of kilocalories Jane ate at breakfast will be 582 kilocalories. Option C is correct.
In 1 gram of fat, we having 9kilocalories of energy contribution.
1 gram of carbohydrate, we having 4kilocalories of energy contribution
1 gram of protein, we having 4kilocalories of energy contribution.
Jane consumed 85 grams of carbohydrate, which contains 85 grams x 4 kilocalories/gram = 340 kilocalories.
She consumed 20 grams of protein, which contains 20 grams x 4 kilocalories/gram = 80 kilocalories.
And she consumed 18 grams of fat, which contains 18 grams x 9 kilocalories/gram = 162 kilocalories.
So, the total number of kilocalories Jane ate at breakfast was 340 + 80 + 162 = 582 kilocalories.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Jane consumed a breakfast that contained 85 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 18 grams of fat. How many kilocalories did Jane eat at breakfast? A) 123 kilocalories B) 1,007 kilocalories C) 582 kilocalories D) 152 kilocalories"--
as the concentration of receptors on the cell membrane decreases, the response of the target cell will
A hormone's target cells may express fewer hormone receptors when there is a considerable amount of that hormone present in the circulation. Downregulation is the mechanism that enables cells to become less sensitive to high hormone levels.
How does the number of active receptors in the target cell impact activation of the target cell?In response to hormone action, a target cell's number of receptors may rise or fall. Through plasma membrane hormone receptors or intracellular hormone receptors, hormones can directly or indirectly impact cells.
The quantity of that hormone's receptors present in the target cell influences its sensitivity to that hormone. The sensitivity of the target cell increases with the number of receptors.
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what gametes could form from the cell from part a and how frequently should each type be observed?
Answer:ova or egg cells,
Explanation:
Which two phrases best describe vascular tissue in plants?
A. Contain cells that connect to form pipes
B. Cover the outside of plants
C. Contain root hair cells and guard cells
D. Transport water and food
Contain cells that connect to form pipes
Transport water and food
This two phrases best describe vascular tissue in plants.
What is vascular tissue?
Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue that is made up of various cell types and is only present in vascular plants. The two primary components of vascular tissue are xylem and phloem. These two tissues exchange nutrients and fluids inside. The vascular cambium and the cork cambium, two meristems, are additionally linked to vascular tissue. All of the vascular tissues in a particular plant make up the vascular tissue system.
Vascular tissue is a type of conducting tissue that contains a variety of cell types. Typically, vascular plants contain it. It is made up of phloem and xylem.
They have cells that unite to form pipes because their job is to transfer fluid (like water) and other nutrients. Together, xylem and phloem are found in vascular bundles that run through the stems, leaves, and roots of plant organs.
Hence the correct answer is A and D
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Question 2
Why did the state emerge as a political form approximately 10,000 years ago?
All of the answers are correct.
O State societies developed because of the need for protection and strength in numbers.
State societies developed because of dependence on irrigation.
O The introduction of intensive agriculture created food surpluses, which allowed some individuals
to engage in new occupational roles.
O State societies developed because of the needs of agricultural intensification
All of the answers are correct. The emergence of the state as a political form approximately 10,000 years ago was a complex process that was influenced by several factors. The need for protection and strength in numbers, dependence on irrigation, the introduction of intensive agriculture that created food surpluses, and the needs of agricultural intensification were all important factors that led to the emergence of state societies. As societies grew in size and complexity, they required centralized power structures to organize and control the population, leading to the formation of states.
what is the probability that an individual with the genotype cc will produce either c or c gametes obviously the answer must be
The probability that an individual with the genotype CC will produce either C or c gametes is 100%.Because a genotype of CC is homozygous and only produces one type of gamete, which in this case would be C.
What is gametes?Gametes are reproductive cells produced by an organism. In humans, gametes or sex cells are the sperm and egg cells. Sperm are produced in the male testes and eggs are produced in the female ovaries. Gametes contain only half the genetic material of the organism, and when two gametes combine during fertilization, the two halves combine to form a complete genome. Gametes are essential for sexual reproduction, and the process of combining gametes to form a new organism is called fertilization. During fertilization, the egg cell and sperm cell fuse together to form a single cell called a zygote, which will then develop into an embryo. Gametes are haploid cells, meaning they contain only one copy of each chromosome. In contrast, diploid cells, such as somatic cells, contain two copies of each chromosome.
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the base composition of a double-stranded dna molecule is 27% adenine. what percentage of this molecule is the base guanine?
The percentage of base guanine in a double-stranded DNA molecule having 27% adenine will be 23% according to the Chargaff's rule.
DNA stand for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is a genetic material formed of sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous bases. The nitrogenous bases are of 4 types: adenine(A), guanine(G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T). The adenine bonds with thymine and the guanine bonds with cytosine.
Chargaff rule says that the sum of A and G is equal to the sum of C and T. Also it stated that the percentage of A and T are same in a DNA strand and similarly the percentage of G and C are equal because they bond with each other. Thus, if adenine is 27% then guanine will also be 27% making a total 54%. Thus remaining 46% is half guanine and half cytosine.
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in addition to a plasma membrane, a eukaryotic cell has organelles, such as mitochondria, that also have membranes. in which way would these membranes differ?
A plasma membrane, a double layer of lipids that separates the cell interior from the outside environment, is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
This double layer is mostly made up of phospholipids, which are specialized lipids. A phospholipid is made up of two hydrophobic, water-fearing fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic, water-loving phosphate head.
Phospholipids spontaneously form a double-layered structure with hydrophobic tails pointing inward and hydrophilic heads pointing outward. Many biological membranes contain this energetically advantageous two-layer structure known as a phospholipid bilayer.
Some of them travel all the way through the membrane, acting as channels or signal receptors, while others are only attached at the membrane's edge. Different lipids, such as cholesterol, can be found in the cell membrane and influence its fluidity.
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While eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane that surrounds the entire cell, the membranes of organelles such as mitochondria differ in their lipid composition, protein content, and structure. These differences are essential for the specialized functions of these organelles within the cell.
Eukaryotic cells, which include animal and plant cells, contain a number of different organelles that carry out specific functions within the cell. These organelles are membrane-bound structures that are distinct from the plasma membrane that surrounds the cell as a whole. One important feature of these organelles is that they also have membranes, but these membranes differ in certain ways from the plasma membrane.
The plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the entire cell, providing a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell. It is composed of two layers of phospholipids, which have a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail. Other components of the plasma membrane include cholesterol, which helps to maintain its structure, and various proteins, which carry out a range of functions such as transporting molecules across the membrane and signaling to other cells.
The membranes of organelles such as mitochondria, on the other hand, have a number of differences from the plasma membrane. One key difference is that they may have different lipid compositions. For example, the membranes of mitochondria contain a high proportion of cardiolipin, a type of phospholipid that is not found in other cellular membranes. This difference in lipid composition is thought to play a role in the unique functions of the mitochondria.
In addition to differences in lipid composition, the membranes of organelles also contain different sets of proteins that are specialized for their specific functions. For example, the membranes of mitochondria contain a number of enzymes that are involved in the process of cellular respiration, which generates energy in the form of ATP. Other organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, have specialized proteins that are involved in protein synthesis and folding.
Another important difference between organelle membranes and the plasma membrane is that some organelles have multiple layers of membranes. For example, the chloroplasts found in plant cells have an outer membrane and an inner membrane, with a space in between them known as the intermembrane space. These additional layers provide additional surface area for chemical reactions and allow for compartmentalization of different functions within the organelle.
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what are the conditions that cause a lunar eclipse
Lunar eclipse is caused by the Earth blocking sunlight from reaching the moon and creating shadow across lunar surface.
What causes lunar eclipse?Lunar eclipse takes place when the Sun casts Earth's shadow on the Moon. For this to happen, Earth must be physically between Sun and Moon with all the three bodies lying on the same plane of orbit. Lunar eclipse can only happen during a Full Moon and when the Moon passes through all or portion of Earth's shadow.
Lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow, just as solar eclipse occurs when part of the Earth passes through the Moon's shadow.
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scenario 1a 2. does this increase (they are less similar), decrease (they are more similar), or maintain (there is no change) the genetic diversity between the two populations?
The genetic diversity between the two populations is decreased (they are more similar).
Thus, the answer is decrease (they are more similar).
Аll living things on Eаrth contаin а unique code within them, cаlled DNА. DNА is orgаnised into genes, similаr to the wаy letters аre orgаnised into words. Genes give our bodies instructions on how to function. However, the exаct DNА code is different even between individuаls within the sаme species. We cаll this genetic diversity. Genetic diversity cаuses differences in the shаpe of bird beаks, in the flаvours of tomаtoes, аnd even in the colour of your hаir! Genetic diversity is importаnt becаuse it gives species а better chаnce of survivаl. However, genetic diversity cаn be lost when populаtions get smаller аnd isolаted, which decreаses а species’ аbility to аdаpt аnd survive.
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Earth's Dynamic Interior: Lesson
Maria Solis
What is the lower boundary of Earth's crust? Choose the correct answer.
O Moho
O mantle
O oceanic crust
O magnetic pole
The Mohorovicic discontinuity, usually referred to as the Moho discontinuity, is the boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle. It occurs at an average depth of about 8 kilometers beneath the ocean basins and 32 kilometers beneath continental surfaces.
What is moho discontinuity?
Nearly the entire Moho is contained within the lithosphere.It only establishes the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary beneath mid-ocean ridges. The Mohorovii discontinuity is 20 to 90 kilometers (10 to 60 miles) beneath ordinary continental crusts and 5 to 10 kilometers (3-6 miles) below the ocean floor, with an average depth of 35 kilometers (22 mi).The Moho divides the oceanic and continental crusts from the underlying mantle, and is named for the pioneering Croatian seismologist Andrija Mohorovii.To know more about the moho discontinuity, click the link given below:
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Can someone help me with question 2
Competitive relationship results into resource partitioning of the available resources for the two bird species.
What are Competitive relationships between species?
Competition is a type of species interaction which most typically considered as the interaction of individuals which vie for a common resource which is in limited supply, however more generally can be defined as the direct or indirect interaction of the organisms that leads to a change in fitness when the organisms share the same resource as required.
When two species living in same ecosystem and feed on the same resource then, the species will show resource partitioning and feed on the plant or organism at different time slots.
A species' niche encompasses both the physical conditions as well as the environmental conditions which it requires like the temperature or terrain and the interactions which the species has with the other species like predation or competition.
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Society is like a biological organism, with each organ dependent on the others for survival.a. Trueb. False
Society is like a biological organism, with each organ dependent on the others for survival is true.
The dominant-recessive link between the C and c alleles can be used to explain this outcome. Each offspring of two heterozygous dogs (C/c) has a 50% chance of getting either the dominant C allele from one parent or the recessive c allele from the other. In this instance, the smooth-haired puppy (c/c) expressed the smooth hair phenotype due to inheriting two copies of the recessive c allele.
The genotype of the parents can be deduced from the phenotype of the offspring, but without additional genetic testing, it is not possible to know the precise combination of alleles that each parent contributed to the offspring.
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based on your understanding of the function of the germinative layer, explain why the cells in and around that layer are tighly packed?
The stratum germinatum (SG) provides the germinal cells required for epidermal layer renewal. A small layer of basement membrane separates these germinal cells from the dermis.
Basal cells proliferate regularly, and new cells constantly push older ones up toward the skin's surface, where they are eventually shed. Because it is continually germinating (creating) new cells, the basal cell layer is also known as the stratum germinativum.
The basement membrane (basal lamina) separates the stratum basale from the dermis and is connected to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes.
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the functional role of sporopollenin is primarily to?
Sporopollenin is one of the most resistant organic compounds known. It protects pollen grains from external factors such as temperature, acid, alkali, etc. as sporopollenin is the component of the exine of plant spores.
The functional role of sporopollenin is primarily to provide protection and resistance to various external factors.
Sporopollenin is a tough and resistant biopolymer found in the outer walls of pollen grains and spores of plants. Its main function is to protect the reproductive cells during their dispersal and ensure their survival in challenging environments.
Sporopollenin provides a barrier against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, desiccation (drying out), and chemical degradation. It also helps prevent damage from pathogens and provides resistance to physical stresses.
Additionally, sporopollenin plays a role in preventing water loss and acts as a shield against toxins and pollutants. Its robust nature and protective properties enable the successful transport and delivery of pollen and spores, facilitating plant reproduction and survival.
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homologous chromosomes line up with their pair for crossing over in meiosis. how would you know if two chromosomes were homologous to each other?
A homologous pair of chromosomes has two identically sized and shaped chromosomes that are highly similar to one another.
What are homologous chromosomes?The fact that they share the same type of genetic information i.e., have the same genes in the same places is crucial.
Through homologous recombination and crossover at chiasmata between non-sister chromatids, DNA exchanges between homologous chromosomes take place.
The homologous pairs then arrange themselves at the metaphase plate. Then, during anaphase I, the homologous chromosomes split apart and moved to the cell's opposite poles.
Therefore, homologous chromosomes share the same type of genetic information.
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3. what is the main purpose for fermentation reactions?multiple choice 3create alcohol as a nutrient for further processingproduce carbon dioxideregenerate nad molecules for glycolysisproduce more atp per glucose than glycolysis alone
Fermentation reactions are used to regenerate NAD molecules for glycolysis, resulting in more ATP per glucose and creating alcohol as a nutrient and carbon dioxide as a byproduct.
What is fermentation?Fermentation is the metabolic process through which sugars and other organic substrates are converted into acids, alcohols, and other compounds. It is an old method of producing beer, wine, bread, yoghurt, and other foods. Yeast or bacteria convert sugar into carbon dioxide, alcohol, or acids during fermentation. Fermentation products might differ based on the type of organism and the conditions under which it is cultivated.
Fermentation processes are mostly used to renew NAD molecules for glycolysis. When glucose is broken down by glycolysis, two molecules of NAD+ are used. These two molecules must be regenerated in order for glycolysis to proceed. This is accomplished by fermentation processes that convert NADH back into NAD+. This permits glycolysis to continue, resulting in more ATP per glucose produced than by glycolysis alone. Furthermore, certain fermentation activities release carbon dioxide as a byproduct while producing alcohol as a nutrient for further processing.
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Why is complex animals important?
The DCMP offers services aimed at assisting and enhancing academic performance of students with impairments. To produce media, collaborate with leading producers ,distributors of educational and television material.
What does the term "complex creatures" mean?A species composite is a collection of closely related creatures that share so many physical characteristics that it can be difficult to distinguish between them in biology.
What animal is the most complex?Gnomically, the most sophisticated organism ever investigated is a minuscule, transparent water flea. The first crustacean is Daphnia plex.
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which of these associations is incorrect? question 4 options: sclerenchyma cells-cell division stomata-gas exchange sieve-tube cells-sugar transport epidermal cells-protection xylem cells-water transport
Among these, Sclerenchyma cells-cell division is incorrect. As sclerenchyma is a form of plant permanent tissue. Cell division is lost in permanent tissues.
The Sclerenchyma is responsible for the structural support of the plant. Scleral tissue is part of the three types of terrestrial tissue present in plant systems. Dural tissue does not divide and becomes dead cells as it matures. These dead cells are high in lignin and unable to follow Cell division. So this is the wrong cell to function mapping.
Sieve tubes are responsible for transporting nutrients around the plant, so sugar molecules pass as part of the phloem. Xylem transports water throughout the plant system. Stomata serve as pores through which gas exchange takes place between the atmosphere and plant cells. Epidermal cells form the outer covering structure that helps protect the internal structure of the plant.
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studies of snapping shrimp on either side of the isthmus of panama have shown that each caribbean shrimp species is more closely related to a pacific shrimp species than it is to any other caribbean shrimp species. the most likely explanation for this result is
The most likely explanation for this result is that the isthmus of Panama served as a barrier to gene flow between the Pacific and Caribbean oceans, causing the divergence of species.
What is the significance of the divergence by barrier?A geological event that took place years ago, when the isthmus rose above sea level and separated the two bodies of water so that the Pacific and Caribbean populations of snapping shrimp evolved independently, leading to the divergence of species.
Hence, the most likely explanation for this result is that the isthmus of Panama served as a barrier to gene flow between the Pacific and Caribbean oceans, causing the divergence of species.
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1. The drawing shows a plant which reproduces through vegetative propagation.
a. Name the horizontal stem which you see in this kind of propagation. Also give one example of a commercially grown fruit whose plants are propagated in this way.
b. What would happen to the shoots A - C to become independent plants? How might a gardener assist this process?
Answer:
a. The horizontal stem which is seen in vegetative propagation is called a rhizome. A famous example of a commercially grown fruit whose plants are propagated in this way is ginger.
b. The shoots A - C will form adventitious buds, which will then grow into independent plants. A gardener can assist this process by ensuring the rhizomes are planted correctly and getting plenty of sunlight and water.
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acetobacter aceti is a bacterial species involved in the production of acetic acid during vinegar production. which category would this bacteria be classified within?
The bacterial species in the question above would be classified within the neutrophile category.
Neutrophile is a type of organism that thrives in a neutral pH environment, between pH 6.5 and 7.5. This category covers most bacteria, since bacterias tend to grow optimally at pH within one or two pH units of the neutral pH (pH 7), so between pH 5 and 8.
Acetobacter aceti is a type of bacteria that moves using its flagella. It is used to produce acetic acid during vinegar production; a function first found in 1864 by Louis Pasteur.
Attached below is an illustration of the acetobacter aceti.
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a new drug is developed which selectively cleaves covalent bonds between two sulfur atoms of non-adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain. which level of protein structure in affected molecules would be most directly affected by the drug?
The new drug that cleaves covalent bonds between two sulfur atoms of non-adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain will affect the tertiary structure of proteins.
Amino acids are the organic molecules that act as the monomer units for the synthesis of proteins. There are almost 20 types of proteins involved in protein synthesis inside the living body. The amino acids have two functional groups: the amine group and the carboxylic acid group.
Tertiary structure of proteins is the 3-D structure which is formed by the various units of polypeptides joined together. The units are usually attached together by the disulfide bonds. They usually exist in a compact globular form.
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after taking a bite of pizza, sensory receptors are stimulated in your mouth. what is the order of information flow that results?
Correct order of information flow is :Stimulation of sensory receptors → impulse sent to CNS → sensation → perception.
A significant job of sensory receptors is to assist us with finding out about the environment around us, or about the condition of our inner environment. Various kinds of upgrades from shifting sources are gotten and changed into the electrochemical signs of the sensory system. This cycle is called tactile transduction. This happens when a boost is identified by a receptor which creates a reviewed expected in a tactile neuron.
On the off chance that sufficient, the evaluated potential makes the tactile neuron produce an activity potential that is transferred into the focal sensory system (CNS), where it is coordinated with other tangible data — and in some cases higher mental capabilities — to turn into a cognizant view of that upgrade. The focal incorporation may then prompt an engine reaction.
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