Answer:
The consequences of soil erosion go beyond the loss of fertile land. It has contributed to increased runoff and sedimentation in streams and rivers, clogging these waters and causing declines in fish and other animals.
We can protect the community from soil erosion by -:
Maintaining a good, perennial cover for plants. From mulching. Planting a crop for coverExplanation:
SOIL EROSION -: The soil erosion mechanism is both natural and man-made. In nature, this refers to the removal of the top layer of soil caused by wind and water, while human activity may increase exposure to these elements.
MAJOR EFFECTS OF SOIL EROSION -:
Pollution and Low Water Quality -: Sedimentation is created by gradual soil erosion, a process by which rocks and minerals in the soil are separated from the soil and deposited elsewhere, often in streams and rivers. Soil contaminants, such as fertilizers and pest control agents, often settle in the streams and rivers to protect crops. Water contaminants contribute to low water quality, including drinking water quality, if the contaminants are not removed prior to ingestion. As sunlight can get through the sediment, sedimentation also leads to the excessive growth of algae. According to the World Wildlife Fund, high levels of algae drain too much oxygen from the water, resulting in the mortality of marine species and reduced fish stocks.Structural Issues and Mudslides -: Soil erosion contributes to mudslides, impacting the stability of buildings and roadways and their structural integrity. Mudslides affect not only soil-supported structures, but also buildings and roads that are in the path of slides. Mudslides occur when, as a result of the intensity and energy of heavy rainfall, fine sand , clay, silt, organic matter and soil spill off the sides of hills and slopes. According to Envirothon, a program of the National Conservation Foundation and North America's largest high school environmental education competition, this runoff happens rapidly, because there is not enough time for the surface to reabsorb or catch the eroding soil.Flooding and Deforestation -: Deforestation erodes soil — the removal of trees to create space for towns and agriculture. Trees help to maintain soil in place, so winds and rains drive the loose soil and rocks to streams and rivers when they are uprooted, resulting again in unnecessary sedimentation. The thick layers of sediment keep streams and rivers from flowing smoothly, ultimately contributing to flooding. Excess water, especially during rainy seasons and when the snow melts, gets trapped by the sediment and has nowhere to go except back on land.The Deterioration of Soil -: Soil nutrient depletion is often the result of poorly performed cultivation and cultivation practices that contribute to soil erosion. For natural vegetation and agricultural purposes, excessive irrigation and obsolete tilling practices decrease the amount of nutrients in the soil and make it less fertile.PROTECTION OF COMMUNITY FROM SOIL EROSION -
Maintaining a good, perennial cover for plants -: Your perennial garden's care and upkeep need not be difficult or overwhelming. A blend of certain simple horticultural values with common sense and a good eye is a great part of good gardening.MULCHING -: The amount of water that evaporates from your soil will be reduced by mulch, greatly reducing the need to water the plants. By breaking up clay and permitting better movement of water and air through the soil. Mulch supplements sandy soil with nutrients and enhances its ability to retain water. PLANTING A CROP FOR COVER -: Winter rye in vegetable gardens, for instance. This includes annual grasses, small grains , legumes and other forms of vegetation that have been planted to provide temporary vegetative cover. Cover crops are also often tilled as a 'green manure' crop under serving.Some of the effects of erosion on the environment includes :
Washing away of soil nutrients Pollution of the waterways Blockage of drainages degradation of soilWays to protect the earth from soil erosion includes
planting of cover crops Mulching use of crush rocks on certain areasSoli erosion is the washing away of the top soil of the earth's crust which can be caused by the movement of wind , water or ice over the surface of the earth crust. this action leads to the degradation of the soil
Soli erosion leads to the washing away of soil nutrients and the pollution of waterways because of the deposition of soil particles into the waterways. the washed away soil can also block the drainages leading to a bigger problem ( flooding ).
Some of the steps that would help protect the soil from the effects of soil erosion are planting of cover crops , mulching and use of crush rocks on areas that are used most frequently to prevent the washing away of the soil.
Hence we can conclude that the effects of soil erosion are Washing away of soil nutrients , Pollution of the waterways, Blockage of drainages while ways to protect the earth from erosion are ;planting of cover crops, Mulching, use of crush rocks on certain areas
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Select the true statement(s) abut Polymers: Group of answer choices Thermoplastics have low melting temperature because of the week van der Waals bonds between their Long Chain Molecules Thermoplastics have low strength because of the week van der Waals bonds between their Long Chain Molecules Polymers have low densities because of the week van der Waals bonds between their Long Chain Molecules Polymer chains once synthesized they will remain stable in the environment because of the strong covalent bonds in the Long Chain Molecules
Answer:
Thermoplastics have low melting temperature because of the week van der Waals bonds between their Long Chain Molecules
Polymer chains once synthesized they will remain stable in the environment because of the strong covalent bonds in the Long Chain Molecules
Explanation:
Thermoplastics are polymers that are easily melted and changed to another shape as many times as possible. They become molten when they are heated and solidify when cooled. Examples of thermoplastics include; polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyamides, polyesters, and polyurethanes.
Polymers are organic materials that consists of a long chain of atoms held together by strong covalent bonds. Polymers constitute an important environmental concern because most polymers are non biodegradable and remain in the environment almost indefinitely.
electrictron configuration
Explanation:
So what do you wanna know? The definition?
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals. For example, the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶, using the notation explained below.
a pan of boiling water on the stove is
conduction
convection
radiation
Using the new ordering system, can we change the Lead and Silver rule to simply:
"Lead and silver salts are generally insoluble?" Why or why not?
Answer:
No, we change the Lead and Silver
Explanation:
The freezing temperature of lead decreases around the curves of AO as pure silver is applied to the lead material. Thus, in the case of platinum, AO is the freezing temperature curve of lead. Strong lead is in balance with fluid melting along this gradient (silver in lead solution).
(a) At what substrate concentration would an enzyme with a kcat of 30.0 s−1 and a Km of 0.0050 M operate at one-quarter of its maximum rate? (b) Determine the fraction of Vmax that would be obtained at the following substrate concentrations [S]: ½Km, 2Km, and 10Km. (c) An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction X ⇌ Y is isolated from two bacterial species. The enzymes have the same Vmax but different Km values for the substrate X. Enzyme A has a Km of 2.0 μM, and enzyme B has a Km of 0.5 μM. The plot below shows the kinetics of reactions carried out with the same concentration of each enzyme and with [X] = 1 μM. Which curve corresponds to which enzyme?
The missing graph is in the attachment.
Answer: (a) [S] = 0.0016M
(b) Vmax = 3V; Vmax = [tex]\frac{3V}{2}[/tex]; Vmax = [tex]\frac{11V}{10}[/tex]
(c) Enzyme A: black graph; Enzyme B = red graph
Explanation: Enzyme is a protein-based molecule that speed up the rate of a reaction. Enzyme Kinetics studies the reaction rates of it.
The relationship between substrate and rate of reaction is determined by the Michaelis-Menten Equation:
[tex]V=\frac{V_{max}[S]}{K_{M}+[S]}[/tex]
in which:
V is initial velocity of reaction
Vmax is maximum rate of reaction when enzyme's active sites are saturated;
[S] is substrate concentration;
Km is measure of affinity between enzyme and its substrate;
(a) To determine concentration:
[tex]0.25V_{max}=\frac{V_{max}[S]}{0.005+[S]}[/tex]
[tex]0.25V_{max}(0.005+[S])=V_{max}[S][/tex]
[tex]0.00125+0.25[S]=[S][/tex]
0.75[S] = 0.00125
[S] = 0.0016M
For a Km of 0.005M, substrate's concentration is 0.0016M.
(b) Still using Michaelis-Menten:
[tex]V=\frac{V_{max}[S]}{K_{M}+[S]}[/tex]
Rearraging for Vmax:
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(K_{M}+[S])}{[S]}[/tex]
(b-I) for [S] = 1/2Km
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(K_{M}+0.5K_{M})}{0.5K_{M}}[/tex]
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(1.5K_{M})}{0.5K_{M}}[/tex]
[tex]V_{max}=[/tex] 3V
(b-II) for [S] = 2Km
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(K_{M}+2K_{M})}{2K_{M}}[/tex]
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(3K_M)}{2K_M}[/tex]
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{3V}{2}[/tex]
(b-III) for [S] = 10Km
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(K_{M}+10K_M)}{10K_M}[/tex]
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{V(11K_{M})}{10K_{M}}[/tex]
[tex]V_{max}=\frac{11V}{10}[/tex]
(c) Being the affinity between enzyme and substrate, the lower Km is the less substrate is needed to reach half of maximum velocity.
Km of enzyme A is 2μM and of enzyme B is 0.5μM.
Enzyme B has lower Km than enzyme A, which means the first will need a lower concnetration of substrate to reach half of Vmax.
Analyzing each plot, notice that the red-coloured graph reaches half at a lower concentration, therefore, red-coloured plot is for enzyme B, while black-coloured plot is for enzyme A
pls help me with this!!
Answer:
B. 65
Explanation:
arrange your numbers as:
63,64,66,69
add 64 and 66 together to get 130 then divide by 2
-or just think about what number is between 64 and 66
How do conduction and convection differ? (4 points)
Conduction can move through empty space to transfer heat; convection cannot.
Conduction does not require objects to have direct physical contact; convection does.
Conduction requires objects to have direct physical contact; convection does not.
Conduction transmits heat through electromagnetic waves; convection does not. PLS HELP
Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact. Convection is the transfer of thermal energy through the movement of a liquid or gas.
So I think you should go with the 3rd option.
Hope this was helpful.
Answer:
What the other guy said
Explanation:
What is the Theoretical yeild of CaCO3 from 2 g of CaCl2 and 2.5 g of K2CO3
Answer:
Theoretical yield of CaCO₃ is 2.002 g.
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of K₂CO₃ = 2.5 g
Mass of CaCl₂ = 2 g
Theoretical yield of CaCO₃ = ?
Solution:
Chemical equation:
K₂CO₃ + CaCl₂ → CaCO₃ + 2KCl
Number of moles of K₂CO₃:
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 2.5 g/ 138.205 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.02 mol
Number of moles of CaCl₂:
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 2 g/ 110.98 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.02 mol
Now we will compare the moles of CaCO₃ with K₂CO₃ and CaCl₂.
CaCl₂ : CaCO₃
1 : 1
0.02 : 0.02
K₂CO₃ : CaCO₃
1 : 1
0.02 : 0.02
Theoretical yield of CaCO₃:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 0.02 mol × 100.1 g/mol
Mass = 2.002 g
Theoretical yield of CaCO₃ is 2.002 g.
Oxides of sulfur are important in atmospheric pollution, arising particularly from burning coal. Use the thermodynamic data at 25 C given in the appendix to answer the following questions. a. In air, the oxidation of SO2 can occur: 1 2O2(g) SO2(g) S SO3(g). Calculate rG 298
Answer:
-70.87 kJ
Explanation:
Let's consider the following balanced equation.
1/2 O₂(g) + SO₂(g) ⇄ SO₃(g)
We can calculate the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction (ΔG°r) from the standard Gibbs free energies of formation (ΔG°f) using the following expression.
ΔG°r = 1 mol × ΔG°f(SO₃(g)) - 1/2 mol × ΔG°f(O₂(g) - 1 mol × ΔG°f(SO₂(g))
ΔG°r = 1 mol × (-371.06 kJ/mol) - 1/2 mol × 0 kJ/mol - 1 mol × (-300.194 kJ/mol)
ΔG°r = -70.87 kJ
Help me please answer this with solution....A piece of granite weighing 250g is heated in a boiling water to 100°C. When a granite is place in a calorimeter containing 400g water, the temperature of the water increases from 20°C to 28.5°C. What is the specific heat of the granite, assuming all the heat is transferred to the water?
The specific heat capacity of the granite is 0.796 J/gºC
We'll begin by calculating the heat absorbed by the water. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of water (M) = 400 g
Initial temperature of water (T₁) = 20 °C
Final temperature (T₂) = 28.5 °C
Change in temperature (ΔT) = T₂ – T₁ = 28.5 – 20 = 8.5 °C
Specific heat capacity of water (C) = 4.184 J/gºC
Heat absorbed (Q) =?Q = MCΔT
Q = 400 × 4.184 × 8.5
Q = 14225.6 JThus, the heat absorbed by the water is 14225.6 J
Finally, we shall determine the specific heat capacity of the graniteHeat absorbed = Heat released
Heat absorbed = 14225.6 J
Heat released = –14225.6 JMass of granite (M) = 250 g
Initial temperature of granite (T₁) = 100 °C
Final temperature (T₂) = 28.5 °C
Change in temperature (ΔT) = T₂ – T₁ = 28.5 – 100 = –71.5 °C
Specific heat capacity of granite (C) =?Q = MCΔT
–14225.6 = 250 × C × –71.5
–14225.6 = –17875 × C
Divide both side by –17875
C = –14225.6 / –17875
C = 0.796 J/gºCTherefore, the specific heat capacity of the granite is 0.796 J/gºC
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how much calcium chloride is required to make 1 Liter of a .10M solution?
Answer:
110.91 g of CaCl2
Explanation:
11.9 grams of CaCl₂ is required to make 1 Liter of 0.1M solution.
Calculating the amount of CaCl₂ required:
We first need to calculate the molecular weight of calcium chloride CaCl₂.
The atomic weight of Ca = 40.01
and the atomic weight of Cl₂ = 2×35.45 = 70.90
So, the molecular weight of CaCl₂ = 40.01 + 70.90 = 110.91
This means that 110.91 g of CaCl₂ mixed with enough water will produce 1Liter of 1M solution.
Now, to calculate the amount of CaCl₂ required to make 1 Liter of 0.1M solution we use:
grams of chemical = (molarity of solution in mole/liter) x (MW of chemical in g/mole) x (ml of solution) ÷ 1000 ml/liter
= 0.1 × 110.91 × 1000 ÷ 1000
= 11.09 grams
So, 11.09 grams of CaCl₂ will be used.
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Katiana wanted to figure out what type of liquid worked best for growing beans. She watered one with coca-cola, one with lemonade, and one with just water. After one week, she measured how high they had grown. Independent Variable (What I, the scientist test or change) *
which of the substances created a chemical change
Answer:
It is one and two
Explanation:
When you burn something it lights up
Match the term with the definition. (4 points)
Column A
1.
Liquid
:
Liquid
2.
Plasma
:
Plasma
3.
Solid
:
Solid
4.
Gas
:
Gas
Column B
a.
has lots of space between the charged particles
b.
has lots of space between particles and is easily compressible
c.
flows easily but is difficult to compress
d.
does not flow easily and is difficult to compress
Answer:
1 - does not flow easily and is difficult to compress
2 -does not flow easily and is difficult to compress.
3 -has lots of space between the charged particles.
4-flows easily but is difficult to compress.
Explanation:
Draw the Lewis structure for CF3PCF2 where all fluorines are bonded to a C atom
Answer:
See attached picture.
Explanation:
Hello.
As you can see on the attached picture, this Lewis structure requires all the elements to attain eight electrons after bonding, that is why the phosphorous is bonded with the two carbon atoms via a single bond with the carbon having the three fluorine atoms and a double bond with the carbon having the two carbon atoms.
Such arrangement is due to the fact that:
- P gets eight electrons by obtaining three from the two sided carbon atoms.
- The first carbon gets eight electrons from its initial four, three provided by each surrounding fluorine and one from the central phosphorous.
- Each fluorine gets eight valence electrons from their initial seven and one from the available carbon atoms.
Best regards.
The principal quantum number for the outermost electrons in a Cl atom in the ground state is ________.
Answer:
The principal quantum number for the outermost electrons in a Cl atom in the ground state is 3.
Explanation:
By using the Pauling distribution the chlorine atom has an electronic set of [tex]3s1^{2}[/tex]
With n=3 for an orbital S, l = 0 , ml = 0 and ms = ± 1/2
Therefore the final answer is 3
3. Calculate the volume of a of .750 M solution containing 67.0 g of KNO3.
Answer : The volume of solution is 0.884 L
Explanation :
Molarity : It is defined as the number of moles of solute present in one litre of solution.
Formula used :
[tex]Molarity=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Volume of solution}}[/tex]
Solute is, [tex]KNO_3[/tex]
Given:
Molarity = 0.750 M
Molar mass of [tex]KNO_3[/tex] = 101 g/mole
Mass of [tex]KNO_3[/tex] = 67.0 g
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
[tex]0.750M=\frac{67.0g}{101g/mole\times \text{Volume of solution}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Volume of solution}=0.884L[/tex]
Therefore, the volume of solution is 0.884 L
What do you notice about the pattern of volcanoes?
Answer:
What patterns do volcanoes form?
Volcanoes occur at convergent plate boundaries were subducting oceanic crust is melted. This magma rises through the crust to form volcanoes and volcanic island arcs. Volcanoes occur at divergent plate boundaries where upwelling magma pushes between plates (rift zones) as the plates move apart.
the valency of nitrogen is 3 why
Answer:
The nitrogen atom has 5 electrons in the outermost shell, so it can accept 3 electrons to fulfil the octet structure. Therefore the valency of nitrogen is 3.
What are differences between Jupiter and Saturn’s moons
Answer: Well one difference is that Jupiter's moons are large and are closer to each other. Also Jupiter has more moons than Saturn.
Explanation:
Answer:
The difference are :
jupiter moon saturn moon
1.jupitor moon has 4 1.saturn moon
moon has 7 moon
Calculate the density of the following material: 500 kg gold with a volume of 0.026 m³.
Answer:
The answer is 19230.8 kg/m³Explanation:
The density of a substance can be found by using the formula
[tex]density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\[/tex]
From the question
mass = 500 kg
volume = 0.026 m³
We have
[tex]density = \frac{500}{0.026} \\ = 19230.769230...[/tex]
We have the final answer as
19230.8 kg/m³Hope this helps you
Which locations are likely to have subatomic particles that are constantly in motion:
A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 3
C) 1 and 3
D) 2 and 4
The answer is "2 and 4"
Location 2 and 4 are likely to have subatomic particles that are constantly in motion,thus the correct option is D.
In physics, a subatomic particle is a particle smaller than an atom.According to the Standard Model of particle physics, a subatomic particle can be either a composite particle, which is composed of other particles (for example, a proton, neutron, or meson), or an elementary particle, which is not composed of other particles Particle physics and nuclear physics study these particles and how they interact.
Experiments show that light could behave like a stream of particles (called photons) as well as exhibiting wave-like properties. This led to the concept of wave–particle duality to reflect that quantum-scale particles behave like both particles and waves; they are sometimes called wavicles to reflect this.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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(02.03 MC)
An electron moved from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. What most
likely happened during the transition? (5 points)
1) A random amount of light was released.
2) A fixed amount of energy was absorbed.
-
3) A fixed amount of energy was released.
1
4) A random amount of light was absorbed.
An electron moved from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, and during the transition, a random amount of light was released. Option A
What exactly are these electrons?
An electron is a kind of subatomic particle that has a negative charge. It is possible for it to be free (meaning that it is not associated with the nucleus of any atom) or it may be tied to the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons are sub-atomic particles that may be found in each atom of any chemical element and can occupy different energy levels. These electrons are capable of transitioning between different energy levels.
Electrons may transition from a state with a lower energy level, also known as the ground state, to a state with a higher energy level, also known as an excited state. Alternatively, electrons can transition from a state with a higher energy level to a state with a lower energy level.
When an electron goes from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, the atom takes in more energy, but when the electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, the additional energy is expelled mostly in the form of light.
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Define matrer?
a)Electrical conductivity
b)Anything that takes Iness and space
c) Something that doesn't take up space.
Answer:
if you are asking matter then
Explanation:
Matter is defined as anything that has mass and takes up space (it has volume).
You have 100. grams of potassium fluoride (KF). How many moles do you have? (1 mole KF = 58.09 g KF) *
1.00 mole KF
1.50 mole KF
1.72 mole KF
3.57 mole KF
Answer:
I think its 1.72 (:
Explanation:
The water around you is in three different phases of matter: Select three.
gas
air
solid
liquid
It takes 15.0 seconds to run 100.0 meters if you run .0500 how many meters will you run
Answer:
150 seconds
Explanation:
what is the measure of the average kinetic energies of all the molecules in substance?
Answer:
Kinetic theory of gases is a description of gas as a large number of non-stop random moving particles (atoms or molecules, generally without distinction in physics, are called molecules). Fast-moving molecules continuously collide with other molecules or the walls of the container. Molecular motion theory is to explain the macroscopic properties of gas, such as pressure, temperature, volume, etc., through the composition and motion of molecules. The theory of molecular motion believes that pressure does not come from static repulsion between molecules, as Newton’s conjecture, but from collisions between molecules that move thermally at different speeds.
The molecule is too small to be seen directly. The random movement of pollen particles or dust particles under the microscope-Brownian motion, is a direct result of molecular collisions. This can be used as evidence of the existence of the molecule.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Temperature of a volume of air represents the average kinetic energy of its molecules. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance.
According to Kinetic Molecular Theory, the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is a function only of temperature. where T is the Kelvin temperature and k is Boltzmann's constant.
Enter the cycle number, n, in the x column and the number of radioactive atoms in the y column. When you finish, resize the window.
Why is the wavelength of 633 nm used to analyze the standard solutions and drink samples?
Group of answer choices
The lower the wavelength, the blue solutions will absorb more light.
Corresponding with orange light, is the wavelength that blue solutions absorb the most.
Corresponding with blue light, is the wavelength that blue solutions absorb the most.
The higher the wavelength, the blue solutions will absorb more light.
Answer:
Corresponding with orange light, is the wavelength that blue solutions absorb the most.
Explanation:
When light is passed through a solution of a particular color, light of other wavelength or color, is absorbed and disappears, whereas the wavelength of light corresponding to the color of that solution is transmitted. The color of light absorbed the most is that which is complementary (opposite it in the color wheel) to the light which is transmitted. In a color wheel, blue is complementary to orange color, red is complementary to green and yellow is complementary to violet.
Therefore, in a blue substance (as in the blue solutions), there would be a strong absorbance of the complementary color of light, orange. Since the wavelength of orange color of light is between 600 - 640 nm, with maximum absorbance of orange light occurring around 633 nm, the wavelength of 633 nm is used to analyze the standard solutions and drink samples.