Associations that were detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity is shown below;
There was a regular, positive associations that between diversity and NDVI sd in regards to mouth microbiome.There was a constant, significant, and a negative associations that was said to exist between percent grassland and that of the diversity of the nose microbiome.What are the other result?Further result from the study of Amber L. Pearson et al., (2020) reveal that the outcome for the mouth microbiome, she shows that a little effect of percent trees was seen on diversity and Clay loam soil was said to be negatively and positively associated or linked with rectum microbiome diversity, when liken to loam soil.
The study reveals that no potential indicator taxon among NDVI quartiles was found and further research is needed.
Work citation
Amber L. Pearson, Jennifer Pechal, Zihan Lin, M. Eric Benbow, Carl Schmidt, Suzanne Mavoa, (2020) Associations detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity, science direct, page 1-29.
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We used the enzyme, taq polymerase, which is derived from the thermus aquaticus bacterium, in our pcr procedure. Why is this enzyme important for efficiency in pcr?.
Taq polymerase enzyme important for efficiency in PCR because it is thermostable polymerases that remain active at high temperatures (90 -95 degree Celsius) a beyond the denaturation temperature of DNA.
PCR :
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique for rapidly amplifying millions to billions of copies of a specific segment of DNA, which can then be used for further research.
Taq polymerase is a DNA polymerase derived from bacteria called Thermus aquaticus, which are naturally thermophilic and is a thermostable polymerases that remain active at temperatures higher than the temperature at which DNA is denatured. This allows PCR to be used on DNA samples without the need to add new DNA polymerases after each cycle.
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What is an interneuronâs effect on its effector organ?
a. it doesnât attach to organs.
b. it can excite or inhibit.
c. it neither excites or inhibits.
d. it always inhibits.
e. it always excites.
Intraneuronal effect on its effector organ is that it can excite or inhibit.
Some interneurons receive recurrent collaterals from axons (e.g., LMN axons) and project back onto the dendrites or cell body of origin of that axon, usually inhibiting that neuron. This process can help to regulate the excitability and timing of excitation of the target neurons.
The excitability of an interneuron network is bidirectionally controlled by distinct epochs of activity in principal cells. Examples of excitatory neurotransmitters include glutamate, epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Inhibitory neurotransmitters block or prevent the chemical message from being passed along any farther. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine and serotonin are examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters.
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________ regulation occurs within a cell when the newly formed protein is modified.
Post-translational regulation occurs within a cell when the newly formed protein is modified.
What is Post-translational regulation?After being synthesized, folded, and put together, proteins can undergo post-translational modification. It has been shown that a variety of post-translational changes take place inside cells. Any alteration that can be made to a protein can also be undone. A post-translational alteration can take many distinct forms.
The process generally entails the formation of a covalent bond connecting a particular chemical group to a particular set of amino acid side chains on the protein. These groups can include phosphate groups (phosphorylation), acetate groups (acetylation), the attachment of lipid/hydrophobic groups (lipid modification), or carbohydrates (glycosylation). The majority of these post-translational changes are reversible; one enzyme adds the modifying group, and another enzyme can take it away.
For example, protein kinases phosphorylate proteins, while protein phosphatases remove such phosphate groups. Similar to allosteric effectors, post-translational changes alter the structure of the polypeptide to which they are bound, which therefore affects the polypeptide's activity. Additionally, they can alter a protein's stability, localization within the cell, and interactions with other proteins.
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Now that you have had a chance to delve into epigenetics, think about how it applies to the argument between those who say we are a product of our nature and those who think we are nurtured into what we become. Your essay should be at least 250 words and include three different ways epigenetics affects our genes. Write your essay in a separate text document and upload it for submission here
What we eat (our environment) and genetic variables come together in epigenetics.
Describe epigenetics.
A branch of genetics called epigenetics investigates how variations in the environment might affect how genes are expressed.
DNA methylation, histone alterations, and non-coding RNA pathways are examples of epigenetic mechanisms.
In conclusion, epigenetics is the fusion of genetics and environment.
In an experiment on an animal model in which the synapsin gene is knocked out, you measure the density of synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic terminal within the active zone and outside the active zone in both knockout and control animals. Given what you know about the function of synapsin, what would you expect to find
When the synapsin gene is knocked out there will be fewer vesicles in the reserve pool in knockout animals than in controls.
Synapsin
Synapsins are a family of evolutionarily conserved phosphoproteins seen in all synapses. They are reversibly associated with synaptic vesicles. They are responsible for holding the vesicles in place.
There are different isoforms of synapsins. Both synapsin I and synapsin II are the major isoforms of synapsin and are related to the elongation of axons and the synaptic vesicle fusion kinetics regulation. Synapsin III is involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis regulation.
Functions of Synapsin
Presynaptic terminal formationRegulating the vesicle reserve poolAxon elongationDocking of synaptic vesiclesSynaptogenesisNote: - The question seems to be missing the options which possibly could be,
"There will be fewer vesicles in the reserve pool in knockout animals than in controlsThere will be more vesicles in the reserve pool in knockout animals than in controlsThere will be no vesicles in the reserve pool in knockout animals than in controlsThere will be no vesicles docked in the active zone in knockout animalsThere will be no difference between knockout animals and controls"Learn more about synapses here:
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Type your response in the box.
Some of the most promising treatments for cancer are targeted therapies. Use information from
credible websites to explain how targeted cancer therapies differ from traditional chemotherapies,
and describe why these therapies are an advancement in medicinal chemistry.
Targeted therapies differ from traditional chemotherapy because they are based on specifc cells to treat cancer.
What are Targeted therapies?Targeted therapies are personalized therapies used in precision medicine whose objective is to treat a health concern by killing specific injured cells.
Conversely, chemotherapy is not specific for cancer cells and this treatment can also kill normal cells.
In conclusion, targeted therapies differ from chemotherapy because they are based on specifc cells.
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For each offspring genotype in the Punnett square you just completed, determine the phenotype. In other words, what is the predicted fur color and eye color of the offspring? Using your Punnett square from the last step, fill in the predicted fraction for each phenotype in the data table below.
Black Fur and Black Eyes Black Fur and Red Eyes White Fur and Black Eyes White Fur and Red Eyes
This was the answer for me on Edge.
Based on the Punnett square, all offspring are predicted to have black fur, with a 50% chance of having black eyes and a 50% chance of having red eyes.
What is a phenotype?Assuming that black fur (B) is dominant over white fur (b) and black eyes (E) are dominant over red eyes (e), the predicted phenotypes for each genotype in the Punnett square are:
BBEE: Black fur and black eyes
BBEe: Black fur and red eyes
BbEE: Black fur and black eyes
BbEe: Black fur and red eyes
bbEE: White fur and black eyes
bbEe: White fur and red eyes
Using these predicted phenotypes, the data table would be filled in as follows:
Phenotype Predicted Fraction
Black Fur and Black Eyes 0.50
Black Fur and Red Eyes 0.50
White Fur and Black Eyes 0.00
White Fur and Red Eyes 0.00
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please i need help right now!
Congestive heart failure results from the heart's inability to pump blood. as a result, _____.
Congestive heart failure results from the heart's inability to pump blood and as a result, fluid accumulates in the body.
What is congestive heart failure?Congestive heart failure is a condition where the heat cannot pump blood during a prolonged period of time, which is associated with severe health problems.
Congestive heart failure may lead to serious conditions and therefore it must be treated immediately in appropriate clinical settings.
In conclusion, congestive heart failure results from the heart's inability to pump blood and as a result, fluid accumulates in the body (it is known as edema).
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During a mumps outbreak at a local school, a teacher has been exposed. the client has previously been immunized for mumps, and consequently possesses:_______
During a mumps outbreak at a local school, a teacher has been exposed. the client has previously been immunized for mumps, and consequently possesses acquired immunity.
What does acquired immunity means?
Acquired (adaptive or specific) immunity is not present at birth. It is learned. When a person's immune system comes into contact with foreign invaders and detects nonself substances, the learning process begins (antigens). The components of acquired immunity then discover the most effective strategy for combating each antigen and start to form a memory for that antigen. Specific immunity is another name for acquired immunity. Lymphocytes are the white blood cells that provide innate immunity (T cells and B cells).
After being exposed to a novel antigen for the first time, acquired immunity takes time to develop. However, subsequent reactions to the antigen are quicker and more efficient than those that followed the initial exposure because the antigen is recalled.
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Rocks in continental crust are as old as ____ years.
A. 200 million
B. 44 million
C. 4.4 billion
Answer:
4.4 billion
Explanation:
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ellow peas are dominant over green peas. Round peas are dominant wrinkled peas. Predict the outcome between two plants that are homozygous for BOTH traits.
You cannot be sure if the plant is homozygous or heterozygous as the data set is too small: by random chance, all three plants might have acquired only the dominant gene even if the recessive one is present.
GeneA gene is the fundamental structural and functional component of heredity. The DNA that makes up genes. In some cases, genes serve as blueprints for the creation of proteins. In contrast, a large number of genes do not encode proteins. A few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases make up the majority of human genes. Humans are thought to have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes, according to the Human Genome Project, a multinational effort to decipher the human genome's sequence and catalog its genes. Every gene is present in two copies, one from each parent, in every human being. Only a small subset of genes differ somewhat between individuals; the majority of genes are the same in all persons.
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Which section of the pre-mrna contains the protein-coding regions
The exons of the pre -mRNA contain the protein -coding regions.
Pre mRNA is the first made mRNA transcript and requires undergo many post transcriptional modifications for the formation of a mature mRNA.
The exons are the regions of the pre-mRNA that are found in the mature RNA, after the splicing of introns takes place.
RNA splicing is the process in which the non-coding segments of the RNA, which are known as introns, are removed by the help of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. These SnRNPs make the spliceosome, which catalyzes the process of splicing.
After the introns are removed by the splicing process, the exons are covalently joined, which forms the mature mRNA.
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A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be _________. isotonic selectively permeable hypertonic hypotonic
A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be Hypertonic.
Option (c) is correct.
The effective osmotic pressure gradient, or the difference in water potential between two fluids separated by a semi-permeable cell membrane, is measured by tonicity.
The relative concentration of specific, membrane-impermeable solutes across a cell membrane, which controls the direction and magnitude of osmotic flux, is what determines tonicity.
In comparison to other solutions, a hypertonic solution contains a higher concentration of non-permeating solutes.
A hypotonic solution contains fewer solutes than another solution.
When the effective osmole concentration of one solution and another solution match, the two solutions are said to be isotonic.
Hence, A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be hypertonic.
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Sympatric speciation would most likely be caused by: Group of answer choices A flood causes a lake to overflow and two lakes are formed A storm causes several large trees to fall down An injury causes some birds to nest on the ground instead of in the trees. A mutation causes a new trait to develop
Sympatric speciation would most likely be caused by an injury that causes some birds to nest on the ground instead of in the trees.
A species is a group of related organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile progeny.
Speciation is the process by which a group of organisms with identical traits divide into two or more distinct species. Speciation mechanisms are divided into two broad categories:
Allopatric speciation is the mechanism that involves the geographic separation of the populations that results in speciation over time.Sympatric speciation is the formation of new species while the organisms share the same geographical location.An injury that causes some birds to nest on the ground instead of in the trees is most likely to cause sympatric speciation because in this case the population of birds is not physically separated but their behavioral preferences lead to their habitat separation this can lead to the formation of new species over time.
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How does hail form? what factors govern the ultimate size of hailstones?
Hail is formed when the water droplets freeze together in the cold upper region of the thundercloud. These lumps of ice are called hailstones. Most hailstones are between 5 mm and 15 cm in diameter and can be round or jagged. Hail stones are not frozen raindrops.
Factors that govern the ultimate size of hailstones are hail has strong storm clouds, especially strong heat, high liquid water content, large vertical range, large water droplets, and many cloud layers are formed by clouds below 0 ° C (32 ° F). This type of intense heat may also indicate the presence of a tornado.
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Which of the following actions is not one of the optional initiatives that a company can include in its social responsibility strategy to boost its image rating over the long term
Reducing the prices the company charges its customers for branded footwear is not an optional initiatives that a company can include in its social responsibility strategy.
Who is Corporate social responsibility?
This concept involves companies using and integrating social and environmental concerns into their operations.
These may include recycling of waste etc and reduction of prices isn't ideal for such purpose.
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what are biomolecules ?
Answer:
Biomolecules are an organic molecule that includes carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Explanation:
They are important for the survival of living cells. Some of valuable biomolecules have huge demand, which cannot be fulfilled from their renewable resources.
In your Biological Anthropology class, you are given photographs of a fossil. It has a postorbital bar and convergent eyes as well as a relatively large brain. What might you conclude about this fossil
The fossil belongs to primates.
Primates are an order that belongs to the class Mammalia, which includes animals like monkeys, lemurs, apes, humans, etc.
Primates are a diverse group of animals that cannot be distinguished by just one trait instead they can be distinguished based on an array of characters.
Some distinguishing characteristics primates possess are:
A bony ring structure to protect the side of the eyes from the muscles involved in chewing is known as the postorbital bar.All primates have convergent eyes which means that both the eyes have overlapping visual fields and only allow vision in front.Most primates have trichromatic vision.Primates possess relatively larger brains compared to other mammals. They also have a more complex brain.Know more about primates here:
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This glaucoma treatment may be used to create a new opening for the escape of aqueous humor from the anterior cavity of the eye, thus relieving intraocular pressure:
This glaucoma treatment may be used to create a new opening for the escape of aqueous humor from the anterior cavity of the eye, thus relieving intraocular pressure: trabeculectomy
What does Glaucoma mean?
A collection of eye conditions known as glaucoma can result in vision loss and blindness by harming the optic nerve, a nerve located in the back of the eye. You may not notice the symptoms at first because they can appear gradually. Getting a thorough dilated eye exam is the only method to determine if you have glaucoma.
Glaucoma is a lifelong condition and should be referred to as a permanent disorder because it can be managed conservatively.
The procedure of treating glaucoma with surgery is known as trabeculectomy. Trabeculectomy is a filtering surgery where an ostium is created into the anterior chamber from underneath a partial thickness scleral flap to allow for aqueous flow out of the eye.
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How is an industrial society likely to address the problem of producing too
much air pollution?
A. By cutting down forests to produce more pastureland
B. By developing and using wind energy technologies
C. By requiring licenses for hunting and fishing
D. By having power plants switch from burning coal to burning oil
Answer:
B. By developing and using wind energy technologies
Explanation:
Wind energy is a clean and renewable resource that can help to reduce air pollution. Wind turbines work by converting the kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy, which can then be used to power homes and businesses. By increasing the use of wind energy, we can reduce our reliance on polluting fossil fuels and help to create a cleaner, healthier world.
What is the effect on transcription of the structural and regulatory genes of the lac operon when lactose is present in the environment?.
In the lac operon, glucose also plays an important role along with lactose. When Lactose is present in the environment along with glucose then it cannot deactivate the regulator gene [repressor], as a result, the repressor will bind to the operator and the transcription will be blocked.
When Lactose is present in the environment without glucose then the Catabolite repressor protein will bind to the CAP Site, and lactose will bind to the repressor [regulatory gene product], as a result, the repressor gets deactivated and the transcription takes place.
Lac operon: It is a set of three structural genes z, y, and a which are all transcribed and regulated under one single promoter. The three genes code for β-galactosidase, lactose permease, and transacetylase respectively.
β-galactosidase is responsible for breaking the lactose into glucose and galactose, lactose permease is responsible for transporting lactose across the cell membrane and transacetylase attaches a particular chemical group to target molecules.
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During the soybean experiment the nongerminating soybeans consumed around 0.02 mL/min of oxygen. What does this tell you about the cellular respiration of the nongerminating soybeans
Cellular respiration was occurring, but not in sufficient quantities to support growth.
What is germinating soybean?Soybeans that are germinating will have a higher rate of cellular respiration than soybeans that are not germinating.Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration and can take place with or without oxygen. Anaerobic respiration is cellular respiration that takes place without oxygen. Aerobic respiration is the type of cellular respiration that takes place when there is oxygen present.Because they are growing and are more active than non-germinating peas, peas that are in the process of germination utilize more oxygen.Learn more about oxygen here:
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The cell you are examining under the microscope appears to contain a nucleus. This organism belongs to the domain:________
The cell you are examining under the microscope appears to contain a nucleus. This organism belongs to the domain Eukarya.
The only domain that includes multicellular, visible organisms including humans, animals, plants, and trees is eukaryote. Numerous microorganisms, including fungi, algae, and micro-animals, also call it home. Since fungi are so diverse, two distinct fungi may have genetic differences comparable to those between a person and a fish.Eukarya are eukaryotes, which have organelles and nuclei that are bound to membranes. Prokaryotes are older, less numerous, and simpler than eukaryotes.Eukarya refers to creatures with nuclei in their cells. Additionally, it is the only realm in which multicellular observable organisms, such as people, animals, plants, and trees, exist. Achaea and bacteria are unicellular organisms without nuclei.learn more about Eukarya here: https://brainly.com/question/15418347
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The punnett square below represents a cross between two parents that are heterozygous for the f gene. What percentage of the offspring are predicted to be heterozygous for the f gene?
50% percentage of the offspring are predicted to be heterozygous for the f gene.
Heterozygous for F means one of the genes is F and the other f. As we can see from the square there is a 50% chance of the offspring has the heterozygous F gene.
If the two versions are one-of-a-kind, you've got a heterozygous genotype for that gene. For an instance, being heterozygous for hair color may want to suggest you have one allele for pink hair and one allele for brown hair. The connection among the 2 alleles impacts which tendencies are expressed.
Heterozygous is a nation of getting inherited one of a kind kinds of a specific gene from each one all your biological parents. Now, through distinct forms, we typically mean that there are different quantities of the gene in which the collection is distinct.
All of us have two alleles, or versions, of every gene. Being homozygous for a specific gene manner you inherited the same variations. It is the opposite of a heterozygous genotype, wherein the alleles are exclusive. Humans who've recessive trends, like blue eyes or pink hair, are continually homozygous for that gene.
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Along the production possibilities frontier, the most efficient point of production depicted is:_______
Along the production possibilities frontier the efficient point of production frontier , the most efficient point of production depicted is all points on the production possibilities frontier are equally efficient.
Point that strictly lie on the left side of the curve that to be efficient because existing resources would allow for production of more of at least one good without sacrificing the production. The production of most efficient point which curve is the midpoint on the curve .
The base of the average total cost curve in which marginal cost equals average total cost. A formula that is used to measure the percentage of planned production, in order to reduce cost and optimize processes.
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What are characteristics or examples of members of phylum annelida?
Animalia's phylum Annelida is one of the largest in the animal kingdom. Both aquatic and terrestrial settings support annelids.
Following are some traits of the creatures that make up the Phylum Annelida:
The annelids are triploblastic and coelomate.Organ system level organization can be seen in them.They have distinct bodily parts.'Through the surface of their body, they breathe.The excretory organs are nephroid organs.They have a well-established digestive and circulatory systems.They are red because of the hemoglobin in their bodies.For Annelids, regeneration is a relatively common trait.Setae facilitate their mobility.The majority of annelids are hermaphrodites, meaning that they have both male and female organs in the same body. They have both sexual and asexual reproduction. The others use sexual reproduction.Examples include leeches and earthwormslearn more about Annelida here: https://brainly.com/question/15901162
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What is the difference between the taxonomic family (biblical kind) and species?
The differences between the taxonomic family (biblical kind) and species are:-
A species is simply a species or species of organism. For example, all humans belong to one species (our species has the scientific name Homo sapiens) and are different from other species such as gorillas, dogs, and dandelions. However, species definition, identification, and distinction are not so easy.
Kindness is not selfish, compassionate and benevolent. His greatest power was actually revealed to our enemies, and among the fewest. Love your next Show kindness to everything. For the perfect symbol of Bible goodness, we do not need to look beyond Jesus
Species are often defined as a group of organisms that can breed naturally with each other and produce fertile offspring.
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Atherosclerosis, a particular type of arteriosclerosis, usually involves either complete blockage or severe restriction of blood flow due to high cholesterol and plaque buildup in the arteries. In extreme cases, constricted arteries may collapse from pressure applied outside of the arteries. This can best be explained by:
Atherosclerosis may worsen in the case where there is an increased velocity of the fluid in the already constricted sections of the arteries. This may lead to an increase in blood pressure.
Atherosclerosis is the condition where it leads to the arteries being thickened or hardened. The plaque is deposited on the walls of the artery. With the deposition in the arteries, the artery walls become thickened and lead to the reduction of the blood flow and supply of oxygen to body organs. When the vessels constrict, the flow of blood is decreased. The risk factors are increased blood pressure, obesity, and diabetes. The treatment options could be the consumption of anticoagulants, and medicines to lower blood pressure.
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How The Earth Was Made: Video viewing guide1) According to Dr. Durda, where did the water that now covers our oceans come from?2) what were the two major gases in Earth's atmosphere 4 billion years ago?
Billions years ago ocean is formed , water is remained a gas until the earth cooled 212 degree Fahrenheit below.
According to Dr. Durda that water that comes from earth cycles from the oceans ,in earth water cycle is evaporates from the surface to the atmosphere then form clouds, then fall onto the land as a rain, after rain fall it travels to rivers, lakes and underground .
The two major gases in earth's atmosphere 4 billion year ago the most abundant naturally occcuring gas is oxygen 21% which is second most abundant gas in mature and nitrogen 78% .
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