Answer:
[tex]\mathbf{\dfrac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} = 3.6 \ ns/ km}[/tex]
Explanation:
From the given information, the LED is operating with a given wavelength of 850 nm or 0.85 μm.
Hence, the material dispersion is [tex]\dfrac {d \tau _{mat}}{d \lambda } \simeq (80 \ ps / (nm.km) \ )[/tex]
Now, using the pulse spread formula:
[tex]\dfrac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} = \dfrac{d \tau _{mat} }{d \lambda} \sigma \lambda[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} = (80 \ ps/ ( m.km) \ ) \times (45 \ nm)[/tex]
Thus, the pulse spreading as a result of material dispersion is:[tex]\mathbf{\dfrac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} = 3.6 \ ns/ km}[/tex]
The pulses spreading will be 3.6 ns/km. The greatest frequency or the number of pulses per second that may be transmitted into a fiber is pulse spreading.
What is pulse spreading?As an optical pulse travels the length of a fiber, it widens. This feature, which is commonly represented in nanoseconds of widening per kilometer, restricts the usable bandwidth of the Fiber.
The greatest frequency, or the number of pulses per second that may be transmitted into a fiber and anticipated to emerge intact at the other end, has a limit.
This is due to a process known as pulse spreading, which restricts the file's "Bandwidth."
The given data in the problem is;
[tex]\lambda[/tex] is the wavelength = 850 nm
The pulse spreading formula is given as;
[tex]\rm \frac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} =\frac{d \tau_{mat}}{d \lambda} \sigma\lambda \\\\ \rm \frac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} = 80 \times 45 \\\\ \frac{\sigma_{mat}}{L} =3.6 \ ns/km[/tex]
Hence the pulses spreading will be 3.6 ns/km
To learn more about the pulse spreading refer to the link;
https://brainly.com/question/9351212
A 105 kg football player runs at 8.5 m/s and plows into the back of an 85 kg referee running at 3.5 m/s on the field causing the referee to fly forward at 6.0 m/s.
What is the momentum of the referee after the collision?
Answer:
P = 510 Ns
Explanation:
Momentum is defined as the quantity of motion contained in a body. Mathematically momentum is defined as the product of mass and the velocity of the body. So in order to find out the momentum of the referee after the collision with the football player, we can use the following formula:
[tex]P = mv\\[/tex]
where,
P = Momentum of the referee after the collision = ?
m = mass of the referee = 85 kg
v = speed of the referee after collision = 6 m/s
Therefore,
[tex]P = (85\ kg)(6\ m/s)[/tex]
P = 510 Ns
how do the linear momentum and kinetic energy of the two-atom system after the collision compare to these quantities before the collision g
Explanation:
Two atoms with equal masses, m, and equal speed, v, engage in a head on elastic collision. Since, the two atoms both having equal masses and equal but opposite velocity, the total linear momentum of the system is zero. Therefore, conservation of linear momentum to be conserved , the velocities before and after collision are same. Similarly, in elastic collision total kinetic energy is also conserved. The kinetic energy before and after collision are same.
A cart's initial velocity is +3.0 meters per second. What is its final velocity after accelerating at a rate of 1.5 m/s2 for 8.0 seconds?
A. 36 m/s
B. 9 m/s
C. 72 m/s
D. 15 m/s
Answer:
V = 15m/s
Explanation:
Given the following data;
Initial velocity = 3m/s
Time = 8secs
Acceleration = 1.5m/s²
To find the final velocity, we would use the first equation of motion;
V = U + at
Substituting into the equation, we have
V = 3 + 1.5*8
V = 3 + 12
V = 15m/s
What is the gravitational force between two students, Dylan and Sarah, if Dylan has a mass of 75 kg, Sarah has a mass of 54 kg, and their centers are separated by a distance of.45 m
Answer:
[tex]F=1.334*10^-^6[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
Mass of Dylan [tex]M_d=75kg[/tex]
Mass of Sarah [tex]M_s=54kg[/tex]
Centers separated by[tex]C=0.45m[/tex]
Generally the equation for solving gravitational force is given by
[tex]F=\frac{G*m_1m_2}{r^2}[/tex]
[tex]F=\frac{6.67*10^-^1^1*75*54}{(0.45)^2}[/tex]
[tex]F=1.334*10^-^6[/tex]
Therefore Gravitational force is given as
[tex]F=1.334*10^-^6[/tex]
help plz, will give brainliest!!!!
Answer:
It looks like a total of 9 meters
Explanation:
the dot on the graph for 1910 sits JUST below the mark for 10 meters
For a wave, what term is defined as the maximum height of a crest, or depth of a trough, relative to the normal level
Answer:
Amplitude.
Explanation:
Radio waves can be defined as an electromagnetic wave that has its frequency ranging from 30 GHz to 300 GHz and its wavelength between 1mm and 3000m. Therefore, radio waves are a series of repetitive valleys and peaks that are typically characterized of having the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Basically, as a result of radio waves having long wavelengths, they are mainly used in long-distance communications such as the carriage and transmission of data. Some examples of communication technologies that uses radio waves are radio set, mobile phones, television etc.
For a wave, an amplitude is defined as the maximum height of a crest, or depth of a trough, relative to the normal level
A track 400 m in periphery is to be laid out on the practice field. Each semicircular end must have a radius of at least 20 m, and each straight section must be at least 100 m. How should the track be laid out so that it encompasses the least area
Answer:
r = 31.8
Explanation:
To start with, we make the following assumptions. Let
r be the radius of semicircular end
l be the length of straight section
a be the area inside track, then
p = 2πr + 2l = 400
a = πr² + 2rl
2πr + 2l = 400
l = 200 - πr, substituting for l in area,
a = πr² + 2r(200 - πr)
a = πr² + 400r - 2πr²
a = 400r - πr²
In order to find our minimum area, we differentiate with respect to r and then it equate to zero
da/dr = 400 - 2πr = 0
r = 200/π, substituting for r in equation for l,
l = 200 - πr
l = 0 m
And since this is not possible, l must be 100 m (the minimum), and
r = (200 - 100)/π
r = 100/π = 31.8 m
The peripheral nervous system transfers information from the _______ to the rest of the body.
a. interneurons
b. sensory neurons
c. brain
d. glands
The peripheral nervous system transfers information from the sensory neurons to the rest of the body.
What is the function of peripheral neutrons?The peripheral nervous system transfers information from the sensory organs organs and muscles. The axons of these nerve cells can be found throughout the body. Information is received by the dendrites of nerve cells and the information moves down the axon to the cell body.
So we can conclude that the peripheral nervous system transfers information from the sensory neurons to the rest of the body.
Lear more about nervous here: https://brainly.com/question/2114466
#SPJ2
Imagine you are a TV sports commentator for a major car race. What techniques could
you use to describe the action to your audience?
Answer:
friction , magnetism etc
Which layer of the blood vessel is made of strong, flexible fibrous connective tissue?
the innermost layer
the middle layer
the outermost layer
all layers
If a truck loses 5610 J of energy as it slows down due to an external force of 425 N, what distance will it have moved after the force is first applied
Answer:
13.2m
Explanation:
Step one:
given data
Energy= 5610J
Force F= 425N
Required
The distance traveled
Step two:
We know that work done is given as
WD= force* distance
so
5610=425*d
divide both sides by 425
d= 5610/425
d=13.2m
In a typical badminton swing the racket is in contact with the birdy for about 0.0010 seconds. If the 0.045kg birdy acquires a speed of 67 m/s, what is the force exerted by the racket on the ball
Answer:
3015 N
Explanation:
From Newton's second law, we know that;
F.t = mv
F = force on the ball= ?
m= mass of the ball
v= velocity
F= mv/t
F= 0.045 × 67/0.0010
F= 3.015/0.0010
F= 3015 N
The force exerted by the racket on the ball is 3015 N.
The force exerted by the racket on the ball is given in the formula below.
⇒ Formula:
F = mΔv/t............... Equation 1⇒ Where:
F = force exerted by the racketm = mass of the birdyΔv = change in speedt = time.From the question,
⇒ Given:
m = 0.045 kgΔv = 67 m/st = 0.0010 seconds.⇒ Substitute these values into equation 1
F = 0.045(67)/0.001F = 3015 NHence, The force exerted by the racket on the ball is 3015 N
Learn more about Force here: https://brainly.com/question/13370981
Explain whether a tennis ball dropped from a high distance experiences an elastic collision or inelastic collision
what makes 97 of the water on earth unfit for drinking
Answer:
presence of salt in oceanic water makes 97 of the water on the earth unfit for drinking
A bungie jumper of mass 50kg is attached to a bungie with a constant of 100Nm. The unstretched length of the bungie is 15m. What is the maxmimum velocity of the jumper
Answer:
v = 18.5 m /s
Explanation:
The velocity of the jumper will go on increasing until his weight is more than the restoring force created in the bungle.
mg = kx
50 x 9.8 = 100 X
X = 4.9 m
Total fall = 15 + 4.9 = 19.9 m
kinetic energy gained due to fall by 19.9 m
= mgh = 50 x 9.8 x 19.9 = 9751 J
energy lost due to stored elastic energy in bungie
= 1/2 k x²
= .5 x 100 x 4.9²
= 1200.5 J
Remaining kinetic energy = 9751 - 1200.5 = 8550.5 J
1/2 m v² = 8550.5
.5 x 50 x v² = 8550.5
v² = 342
v = 18.5 m /s
According to you, at the instant that the clock at the rear of the car displays 12:00 noon, what time will be displayed on the clock at the front of the car
Answer:
Time displayed on clock at the front of car is 12:00 noon
Explanation:
According to the question the Time displayed on rear clock of the car displays 12:00 noon.
since car has maximum speed of car is 100 m/s
i.e., they does not move with relativity speed
hence there will be no time dilation in time
Therefore, Time displayed on clock at the front of car is 12:00 noon
Which element of the integumentary system is responsible for acne in adolescents?
subcutaneous adipose tissue
sweat glands
squamous cells
sebaceous glands
Acne is a long-lasting condition that affects the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the middle layer of the skin.Acne is characterized by clogged sebaceous glands, which produce pimples and cysts.
Which part of the integumentary system is responsible for acne?
A condition of the oil glands and hair follicles is acne (sebaceous glands).To keep the skin moist, the sebaceous glands release oils (sebum).Acne and cysts can develop as a result of clogged glands. Sebum makes the skin more resistant to moisture and lubricates it to defend against abrasion.Additionally, the sebaceous gland has a natural light protection action and transfers antioxidants into and onto the skin.It has pro- and anti-inflammatory properties as well as an intrinsic antimicrobial activity. Your skin, hair, and nails make up your integumentary system.It serves as the top layer of defense against bacteria and damage to your body. The face, upper chest, and back are among the skin regions where sebaceous follicle density is highest and are frequently affected by acne vulgaris. Sebum, an oily fluid that moisturizes your skin and hair, and dead skin cells clog hair follicles, resulting in acne.Bacteria can cause infection and inflammation, which worsen acne. Other sebaceous gland functions, such as sebaceous proinflammatory lipids, various locally produced cytokines, periglandular peptides and neuropeptides, such as corticotrophin-releasing hormone, which is produced by sebocytes, and substance P, which is expressed in sebocytes, are also linked to the development of acne.To learn more about acne in adolescents refer
https://brainly.com/question/28430690
#SPJ2
In physics, every physical quantity is measured with respect to a unit. Time is measured in seconds, length is measured in meters, and mass is measured in kilograms. Knowing the units of physical quantities will help you solve problems in physics.
Gravity causes objects to be attracted to one another. This attraction keeps our feet firmly planted on the ground and causes the moon to orbit the earth. The force of gravitational attraction is represented by the equation.
F= Gm1m2 /r^2
where F is the magnitude of the gravitational attraction on either body, m1 and m2 are the masses of the bodies, r is the distance between them, and G is the gravitational constant. In Sl units, the units of force are kg m/s^2, the units of mass are kg, and the units of distance are m. For this equation to have consistent units, the units of G must be which of the following?
a. kg^3/ms^2
b. kgs^2/m^3
c. m^3/kgs^2
d. m/kgs^2
Answer:
Unit of G = m³/kg s²
Explanation:
The force of gravitational attraction is represented by the equation.
[tex]F=G\dfrac{m_1m_2}{r^2}[/tex]
F is the magnitude of the gravitational attraction on either body
m₁ and m₂ are the masses of the bodies, r is the distance between them. G is the gravitational constant.
We need to find the unit of G.
Rearranging the above formula for G.
[tex]G=\dfrac{Fr^2}{m_1m_2}[/tex]
Putting units of F,m and r such that,
[tex]G=\dfrac{N\times m^2}{kg^2}\\\\\because N=kgm/s^2\\\\G=\dfrac{kg\times m\times m^2}{kg^2\times s^2}\\\\G=m^3/kgs^2[/tex]
Hence, the correct option is (c) m³/kg s².
mass is 5 lb attached to a rope wound around a pulley. The radius of the pulley is 3 in. If the mass falls at a constant velocity of 5 ft/s, determine the power transmitted to the pulley, in hp.
Answer:
The power transmitted to the pulley is 0.0455 hp.
Explanation:
Given;
mass attached to the rope, m = 5 lb
radius of the pulley, r = 3 in
constant rate of fall of the mass, v = 5 ft/s
acceleration due to gravity, g = 32.2 ft/s²
1 lbf = 32.2 lb.ft/s²
The power transmitted to the pulley is calculated as;
P = Fv
P = (mg)v
[tex]P = 5 \ lb \ \times \ 32.2 \ \frac{ft}{s^2} \ \times \ 5 \ \frac{ft}{s} \ \times \ \frac{1 \ lbf}{32.2 \ lb.ft/s^2} \ \ = 25 \ \frac{ft.lbf}{s} \\\\[/tex]
in horse power, the power transmitted is calculated as;
[tex]P = \frac{25 \ ft.lbf}{s} \ \times \ \frac{1 \ hp}{550 \ ft.lbf/s} \ \ = 0.0455 \ hp[/tex]
Therefore, the power transmitted to the pulley is 0.0455 hp.
A spring has an unstretched length of 16 cm . A 110 g mass hanging from the spring stretches it to an equilibrium length of 24 cm . Part APart complete Suppose the mass is pulled down to where the spring's length is 32 cm . When it is released, it begins to oscillate. What is the amplitude of the oscillation
Answer:
the amplitude of the oscillation is 8 cm
Explanation:
The computation of the amplitude of the oscillation is shown below:
= Length of the spring - length of the equilibrium
= 32 cm - 24 cm
= 8 cm
By deducting the length of the equilibrium from the length of the spring we can get the amplitude of the oscillation and the same is to be considered
hence, the amplitude of the oscillation is 8 cm
Which example best matches the term refraction? (17 Points)
O A. Light spreads out after it travels through a keyhole
O B. A straw in a glass of water looks bent
O C. Seeing your image in a lake
O D. An orchestra of different sounds coming together to make a larger sound
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Just answerd that question!!!
Hope it helped!!!
.
A hammer strikes a nail with a 10 N force for 0.01 seconds. Calculate the impulse of the hammer.
Answer:
0.1Ns
Explanation:
Impulse is the product of Force and time
Impulse = Force * Time
Given
Force = 10N
Time = 0.01s
Substitute into the formula
Impulse = 10 * 0.01
Impulse = 10 * 1/100
Impulse = 10/100
Impulse = 0.1Ns
hence the impulse of the hammer is 0.1Ns
What are some things that the outer planets have in common?
Answer:
there round that's one thing
Answer:
large size, number of moons, lack solid surfaces and none are capable of supporting life.
Explanation:
is college football playoffs the best way to determine the national champion?
Answer:
No it is Not because win ratio is differs say Ohio only won 7 out of 7 games and e
was in the playoffs while Alabama won 11 out of 11 games so it is harder to win 11 out of 1a games and it is easier to win 7 out of 7
Explanation: would like brainliest but u don’t have to
how does the tilt of earth affect the hours of daylight north of the tropical of cancer at the time of year shown?
Answer:
look it tilts and light
An investigator is using a laser to illuminate a distant target. He decides that he needs a smaller beam, so he puts a pinhole directly in front of the laser. He finds that this actually spreads the beam out, making matters worse.
Explain what is happening.
a. The pinhole has a size comparable with the laser wavelength, so the pinhole refracts the passing laser beam.
b. The pinhole has a size smaller than the laser wavelength, so the pinhole refracts the passing laser beam.
c. The pinhole has a size smaller than the laser wavelength, so the pinhole diffracts the passing laser beam.
d. The pinhole has a size comparable with the laser wavelength, so the pinhole diffracts the passing laser beam.
Answer:
correct answer is d
The pinhole has a size comparable with the laser wavelength, so the pinhole diffracts the passing laser beam.
Explanation:
The researcher does not have a refraction problem since the medium on both sides of the pinhole is the same with the same refractive index, the problem he is having is with the diffraction of the laser beam through the pinhole, let's analyze the diffraction process that is described by the expression
a sin θ = m λ
where a is the pinlole size, λ the wavelength of the laser and m an integer.
The laser extends from the maximum of diffraction to the first zero (m = 1) of diffraction
sin θ = λ/a
when analyzing this expression we have some interesting cases
* when λ « a. the sine approaches zero therefore we are in the case of optical geometry, in this case the laser passes through the hole without being diffracted
* when λ ≈ a. the sine function has values between 0 and 1, for which a diffraction of the laser beam occurs, which increases the diameter of the same
* when λ> a. The laser does not pass through the gap since the sine cannot have values greater than 1
After this analysis, we review the answers to the exercise to find that the correct answer is d
A boy pulls with a 92.5 N force on the handle of a 27.5 kg wagon while the handle makes an angle of 35.0 degrees with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, and the boy pulls a total distance of 215.6 m, how much work has the boy done
Answer:
[tex]W_b \approx 16336J[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
Force of pull [tex]F= 92.5[/tex]
Weight of handle [tex]W_h=27.5 kg[/tex]
Angle of handle [tex]\angle =35.0[/tex]
Distance [tex]d=215.6 m[/tex]
Generally the work done by the boy can mathematically be represented as
[tex]W_b=F*dcos \theta[/tex]
[tex]W_b=92.5*27.5 *cos(35)[/tex]
Therefore
[tex]W_b=16336.34922J[/tex]
[tex]W_b \approx 16336J[/tex]
Two stones are thrown from the top edge of a building with a speed of 20 m/s, one straight down and the other straight up. The first one hits the street in a time t1. How much later is it before the second stone hits
Answer:
Second stone hist at 4.08 s later.
Explanation:
The second stone straight up, so we need to find the rise and descent time.
[tex]v_{f}=v_{i}-gt[/tex]
At the top, the final speed is 0 and t is the rise time.
[tex]0=20-gt_{r}[/tex]
[tex]t_{r}=\frac{20}{9.81}[/tex]
[tex]t_{r}=2.04 s[/tex]
Let's recall that the rise time is equal to the descent time.
So the total time of the stone will be
[tex]t_{t}=4.08 s[/tex]
Now, the second stone hits the street in t2 = 4.08 s + t1 s
But we just need the time after the first stone hist the street. So we just subtract the time t1 to the second time t2, which means t2 = 4.08 s.
Therefore stone hist at 4.08 s later.
The second stone hits the wall 4.08 seconds later.
To solve this question, we will use the equation of motion. In particular, the first equation of motion which states that;
v = u + at, where
v = the final velocity
u = the initial velocity
a = acceleration of gravity
t = time taken by the stone.
From the question, we're told that the stone is thrown with a speed of 20 m/s, which is the initial velocity. And a final velocity, v of 0 m/s. Using a constant of 9.81 for acceleration of the stone. We have,
0 = 20 - 9.81 × t
20 = 9.81t
t = [tex]\frac{20}{9.81}[/tex]
t = 2.039or 2.04 seconds.
Assuming that the time taken to ascent = time taken to descent, this means that the total time taken will be 2.039 + 3.039 = 4.078 seconds or 4,08 seconds.
visit https://brainly.com/question/24040430 to learn more about the first equation
What is the velocity of a dropped object after it has fallen for 12 s?
Hellow!
For this use the next formula:
Vf = Vo + gt
Initial velocity is zero, so the formula simplificate:
Vf = gt
Data:
Vf = Final velocity = ?
g = Gravity = 9.8 m/s²
t = Time = 12 s
Replacing according our data:
Vf = 9.8 m/s² * 12 s
Vf = 117.8 m/s
The final velocity will be 117.8 meters per second.
Which team sport utilizes judges to determine the points earned?
Answer:
Rhythmic Gymnastics
Explanation: