To balance a 0.45 N weight 0.30 m to the right of the center, a 0.20 N weight must be placed 0.15 m to the left of the center.
Where should you place a 0.20-N weight such that the meter stick is in static equilibrium?In order for the meter stick to be in static equilibrium, the net force on it must be equal to zero. If a 0.45 N weight is hung on the meter stick a distance of 0.30 m from the center to the right, a force will be exerted on the meter stick to the right. To balance this force and achieve static equilibrium, a force must be exerted in the opposite direction.To find the location where a 0.20 N weight should be placed to achieve static equilibrium, we must use the principle of moments. The principle of moments states that the sum of the clockwise moments about a pivot point must equal the sum of the counterclockwise moments about the same pivot point.So, to balance the 0.45 N weight hung 0.30 m to the right of the center, a 0.20 N weight must be placed 0.15 m to the left of the center. This will exert a force of 0.20 N in the opposite direction, balancing the 0.45 N force to the right and achieving static equilibrium.In summary:To achieve static equilibrium, the net force on a meter stick must be equal to zeroThe principle of moments states that the sum of clockwise moments must equal the sum of counterclockwise momentsTo balance a 0.45 N weight 0.30 m to the right of the center, a 0.20 N weight must be placed 0.15 m to the left of the center.To learn more about equilibrium refer:
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for one-dimensional steady-state conduction in a plane wall with no heat generation, the heat flux is independent of x. group of answer choices true false
True. The heat flux is independently of x for only one steady-state conduction in some kind of a planar wall without heat creation.
What are heat flux and what is its unit?The thermal energy that is emitted over a concrete surface is known as heat flux, and its unit is W/m2. The equation dotq = fracQA can be used to determine heat flow.
How is the heat flux determined?The source of energy flux at the surface of a hard object is frequently a combination of convective and contributions. By allowing this heat to pass throughout a heat flux sensor, conductive and convective heat fluxes can be monitored. Heat flux monitors are either embedded in or installed on the surface of an solid item.
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two children of identical mass sit on a merry-go-round. one sits 0.5m from the center, and the other sits 3m from the center. if the children are in a straight line form the center, which child has a greater speed?
Centripetal force is equal to mv2/r for the youngster about 0.5 meters from the center. Due to the fact that more ground is traversed in a given has a higher moving direction than the youngster closest to the edge.
Are kids accelerating on a merry-go-round?The youngster on the joyful is moving in a uniform circular motion, which means that while the child's overall speed is constant, its direction is changing at each point. A change in magnitude, direction, or both can cause a change in velocity. When there is an rate of alteration in velocity, acceleration takes place.
Does more material equal so much centripetal force?The magnitude of an object's centripetal acceleration (a) when it performs a uniform motion as a result, the mass of the object has no bearing on the centripetal acceleration.
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a convex lens of focal length 18.0 cm is used as a magnifying glass. at what distance from a tiny insect should you hold this lens to get a magnification of ?3.00?
12 cm is the distance from a tiny insect should you hold this lens to get a magnification of 3.00
How far away from an object should you set a convex lens with an 18 cm focal length?f = 18 cm is a convex lens's focal length.Object separation, u =?The object is therefore 72 centimeters away.The object needs to be located 72 cm away from the lens.
apply 1/f = 1/u +1/v, magnification m = -v/u = 3, so v = -3u, so f = uv/u+v, f = u* -3u/(-2), u = 2f/3, u =2* 18/3, u = 12 cm.
What image does a magnifying glass create?
The magnifying glass's image will be virtual, upright, and bigger than the thing as a result.Note: Binoculars, telescopes, and microscopes all require magnifying glasses.Because a convex lens is used within a magnifying glass, it is curved inward.
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when you drop an object, does its speed (a) suddenly go from zero to some fixed value or (b) start from zero and increase continuously? use your plot of v vs. t to justify your answer.
(b) start from zero and increase continuously.In free fall motion,speed of the object increases continuously due to gravitational acceleration (g),till the terminal speed.
Can an item be at rest and have zero acceleration?Newton's First of Motion, often known as the Law of Inertia, states that if an object experiences no net force at all, it will likewise experience no acceleration.Zero acceleration describes an item at rest.An object experiences zero acceleration if it keeps moving in a straight path at a constant speed.
If speed is not zero, can velocity be zero?The displacement of a moving body with the identical initial and terminal points is zero, but the distance traveled is not.As a result, it possesses a non-zero speed and zero velocity.
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2.81 A certain volcano on earth can eject rocks vertically to a maximum height H. (a) How high (in terms of H) would these rocks go if a volcano on Mars ejected them with the same initial velocity? The acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 3.71 m/s², and you can neglect air resistance on both planets. (b) If the rocks are in the air for a time T on earth, for how long (in terms of 7) will they be in the air on Mars?
The height of a volcano can reach a maximum of 0.3 times that of Earth, and boulders will float in the air for 0.38 times as long as they did on Earth.
a) When rocks are ejected from a volcano, their initial velocity (V) and the acceleration due to gravity (G) dictate how high they may go (g).
The equation for the greatest height (h) is given by h = V2/. (2g). Gravitational acceleration is 9.8 m/s2 on Earth and 3.71 m/s2 on Mars.
With the same beginning velocity as on Earth, boulders blasted from a volcano on Mars would reach a height of h = V2/(2 * 3.71) = (V2/7.42) m.
On Earth, the maximum height would be 1/7.32 times 1/2.72 times 0.37 times H.
(b) The equation T M = 2V/g may be used to calculate how long the pebbles will remain in the air on Mars (T M).
The equation is T E = 2V/9.8 on Earth and T M = 2V/3.71 on Mars. T M/T E = (2V/3.71) / (2V/9.8) = 3.71/9.8 = 0.38 gives the ratio of the time in the air on Mars to that on Earth.
In other words, the rocks will remain in the air for around 0.38 times as long as they were on earth.
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carl is on vacation from school and he went to the beach for the day. he laid his towel out and got his sunblock out. he noticed a warning on the back of the aerosol can of sunblock -- it says: contents under pressure; do not heat. why does the warning advise against heating the can?
The warning advises against heating the can because if the can is heated, the pressure inside it can increase, causing it to burst and potentially causing injury.
Heating the can cause the pressure inside it to increase, leading to a dangerous and potentially explosive situation. This is because the aerosol can contains a mixture of ingredients that are pressurized, including a volatile propellant, the sunblock product, and possibly other chemicals.
When the can is heated, the pressure inside it can rise to a level that exceeds the strength of the can, causing it to burst. This can release the contents of the can rapidly and forcefully, posing a risk of injury to anyone nearby. Therefore, it's important to avoid heating the can and to handle it with care, following the manufacturer's instructions and warnings.
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Which object has potential energy?(1 point)
Responses
unlit lightbulb
unlit lightbulb
rock on the ground
rock on the ground
stereo speaker
stereo speaker
can of gasoline
The object that has potential energy is the can of gasoline.
What is potential energy?Potential energy is described as the energy held by an object because of its position relative to other objects, stresses within itself, its electric charge, or other factors.
The forms of potential energy includes:
Elastic Potential Energy.Electrical (Electromagnetic) Potential Energy.Gravitational Potential Energy.Nuclear Potential Energy.Potential energy is described as the energy a system has due to position, shape, or configuration.
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the cliff divers at acapulco, mexico, jump off a cliff 28.7 m above the ocean. ignoring air resistance, how fast are the divers going when they hit the water?
The divers going when they hit the water at 23.1m/s speed
How does air resistance function?
Air exerts a force known as air resistance. When an object is travelling through the air, the force works in the opposite direction. While a sports vehicle with a streamlined design will encounter reduced air resistance and experience less drag, the automobile will be able to move more quickly than a truck with a flat front.
The law of conservation of energy allows us to calculate the speed of the divers when they strike the ground because their potential energy at a height of 28.7 meters above the ground is transformed into kinetic energy at ground level.
Potential Energy =Kinetic Energy
PE=KE
mgh = 1/2mv²
gh = 1/2v²
g = 9.81m/s²
v = √2gh
v = √2 × 9.81 ×2 × 28.7
v = 23.1 m/s
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moral lesson learnt from the sermon on the mount
Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy is the moral lesson learned from the sermon on the mount
What is the Sermon on the Mount's main message?
Christians learn the following crucial lessons from this sermon: The things we own here on Earth don't matter. Good people will discover meaningful spiritual "treasures" in Heaven. God will take care of people, so they shouldn't be concerned.
In the Sermon on the Mount, what did Jesus say?
1. And, seeing the crowds, he climbed a mountain: His disciples came to him after he was set.
2. And he spoke to them, saying
3. Because the kingdom of heaven is theirs, those who are poor in spirit are blessed.
4. Happy are the bereaved because they will find comfort.
Who wrote the sermon on the Mount?
Scholars put forth a number of arguments for the claim that Matthew is the author of the Sermon on the Mount, but only using New Testament sources.
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for a cooking appliance, the overall energy supplied to the appliance is 5 kwh and only 4 kwh is transferred to the food. what is the appliance's efficiency?
80% is the appliance's efficiency
Why do appliances use less energy?
Among the several advantages of energy efficiency are: Environmental: Greater efficiency can reduce water use, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and other pollutants. Economic benefits of energy efficiency improvements include reduced utility costs, job growth, and reduced price fluctuation of power.
Utilizing the formula below, efficiency may be represented as a ratio: Output ÷ Input. The total amount of beneficial work accomplished, excluding waste and spoilage, is known as output or work output. Efficiency can also be expressed as a percentage by dividing the ratio by 100.
Efficiency will be 4/5 *100 i.e. 80%
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how does a wheel involve physics
suppose that one such plate has an average speed of 3.4 cm/yr, assuming the plate maintains the given speed for 1.0 s, how far, in meters, does it move?
Complete Question: Large sections of the Earth's crust called tectonic plates move slowly. How long, in meters, does one of these plates go if its average speed is 3.4 cm/year and it keeps moving at that rate for 1.0 second?
The distance moved by the plate in this case would be [tex]1.08 * 10^-10 m/s * 1.0 s = 1.08 * 10^-10 m.[/tex]
The speed of tectonic plates is measured in centimeters per year (cm/yr), but to find the distance moved in meters, we need to convert the speed to meters per second (m/s). To do this, we first convert the speed to meters per year (m/yr) and then divide by the number of seconds in a year (31,536,000 s/yr).
The average speed of the tectonic plate is 3.4 cm/yr, so the equivalent speed in meters per year is 3.4 cm/yr * 0.01 m/cm = 0.034 m/yr. The speed in meters per second is then 0.034 m/yr / (31,536,000 s/yr) = 1.08 x 10^-10 m/s.
If the plate maintains this speed for 1.0 s, the distance it moves can be calculated using the formula distance = speed x time. The distance moved by the plate in this case would be [tex]1.08 * 10^-10 m/s * 1.0 s = 1.08 * 10^-10 m.[/tex]
This distance may seem small, but it is important to remember that tectonic plates move slowly over long periods of time.
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How many amperes of current will flow through a circuit that has 4.0 ohms of resistance and js powers by a 16 volt battery
The current flowing in the circuit is 4 A.
What is the current flowing in the circuit?
The current flowing in the circuit is the rate of flow of charges per second.
The magnitude of the current flowing in the circuit can be calculated by applying Ohm's law as shown below.
V = IR
where;
I is the current flowing in the circuitR is the resistance of the circuitThe magnitude of the current is calculated as;
I = V/ R
I = 16 V / 4 ohms
I = 4 A
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why is a battery used when we require more electricity
A battery is used when we require more electricity because it can store and release electrical energy as needed.
Batteries consist of one or more cells, each of which contains two electrodes and an electrolyte that allows for the flow of charged particles between the electrodes. When a battery is connected to a device, the charged particles flow from the positively charged electrode to the negatively charged electrode, providing a flow of electricity.
The amount of electricity stored in a battery is limited, but it can be released as needed, even when the source of the electricity is not available. This makes batteries useful for supplying electrical energy in situations where there is a temporary increase in demand, such as when more devices are turned on or when the source of electrical energy is unavailable, such as during a power outage.
Additionally, batteries are portable and can be easily carried, making them useful for supplying electrical energy in remote locations where there is no access to the electrical grid.
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g how does the pressure at each of the five points change if the tank and its previous contents were buried an extra 1 meter below the current level such that the pipe to the surface is now 3 meters long?
The pressure at each of the five points would increase by ρg × 1 Pa.
The pressure at each of the five points would increase if the tank and its previous contents were buried an extra 1 meter below the current level. The pressure at a point in a fluid is proportional to the height of the fluid column above that point. Since the pipe to the surface is now 3 meters long, the height of the fluid column above each of the five points has increased by 1 meter. Hence, the pressure at each of the five points would increase by an amount proportional to the height of the fluid column, or P2 = P1 + ρgh, where P1 is the original pressure, P2 is the new pressure, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the increase in height. As a result, the pressure at each of the five points would increase by ρg × 1 Pa.
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Describe why a bowling ball and a baseball dropped off of a cliff at the same time would land at different times, but they would land at the same time in a vacuum.
a plank is balanced in its center. a 100 n bucket is placed 0.66 m from the center of the plank. how far from the center on the opposite side must a 50 n weight must be placed to balance the bucket.
The 50 N weight must be placed 1.32 m from the center on the opposite side to balance the 100 N bucket.
The formula to find the distance, d, from the center that a weight must be placed to balance a weight placed a distance, x, from the center is:
d = x * (m1 / (m1 + m2)),Where:
m1 and m2 are the masses of the weightsIn this case:
m1 = 100 Nm2 = 50 NPlugging these values into the formula, we find:
d = 0.66 m * (100 N / (100 N + 50 N)) d = 0.66 m * (100 N / 150 N) d = 0.66 m * (2 / 3) d = 1.32 mHence, in order to balance the 100 N bucket, the 50 N weight must be positioned 1.32 m from the center on the opposite side.
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a scanning electron microscope produces an image using a beam of electrons acceler- ated through a 30 kv potential difference. what is the speed of the electrons?
Using an electron beam that has been accelerated through a 30 kv potential difference, a scanning electron microscope creates an image at a speed of 0.012 1023 m.
What constitutes a potential difference?Difference that might exist between any two points The amount of work required to move a unit positive charge along any path from one point to another without accelerating is referred to as the electric field.
Accelerating voltage=V=30kV
Using de-Broglie's equation.
λ= p/h ⟶(1)
λ=Wavelength of moving particle.
P=Momentum of moving particle.
h=Planck's constant=6.63×10⁻³ Js
now from mechanics we know,
P= √2mk = √2mqV
Where, P=momentum of particle
M=mass of particle.
K=Kinetic energy of particle.
V= Electric potential of particle( Accelerating voltage).
q=charge of particle.
In the case of electron, q=e=1.6×10⁻¹⁹ C
Substitution of (1)
λ= √2meV/h
λ = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴/√2 × 9.1 × 10⁻³¹ × 1.6 × 10¹⁹ × 30 × 10³
λ = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴/546 × 10⁻⁹
λ = 0.012 × 10⁻²³m
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a mover weighing 847 n is pushing a piano weighing 2145 n down a hallway. the force the mover exerts on the piano is 249 n south. state how much force the piano exerts on the mover and in what direction.
The piano exerts a force of 249 N to the north on the mover.
The force the piano exerts on the mover is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force the mover exerts on the piano. This is because of Newton's Third Law of Motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
The force the piano exerts on the mover is 249 N to the north, since it is opposite in direction to the force the mover exerts on the piano, which is 249 N to the south.
So, the force the piano exerts on the mover is 249 N to the north.
To summarize, the mover weighing 847 N is pushing the piano weighing 2145 N down a hallway, and the force the mover exerts on the piano is 249 N south. According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, the piano must exert an equal and opposite force on the mover. Thus, the piano exerts a force of 249 N to the north on the mover.
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The ultrasonic transducer used in a medical ultrasound imaging device is a very thin disk (m = 0.10 g) driven back and forth in SHM at 1.0 MHz
by an electromagnetic coil.
The mass of the ultrasonic transducer used in a medical ultrasound imaging device is 0.10 g and it is driven back and forth in simple harmonic motion (SHM) at 1.0 MHz. The frequency of 1.0 MHz means that the disk oscillates back and forth 1 million times per second. The disk's oscillations in SHM are crucial to the functioning of the medical ultrasound imaging device.
In a medical ultrasound imaging device, the transducer sends and receives high-frequency sound waves that are used to create images of internal organs, tissues, and blood flow. The motion of the transducer disk creates these sound waves, which then bounce off internal structures and return to the transducer, allowing for the creation of an image. The thin disk design of the transducer allows for a high frequency of oscillation, which results in higher-resolution images.
The ultrasonic transducer plays a critical role in the functioning of a medical ultrasound imaging device and the high frequency of oscillation it generates is key to producing high-quality images. This information is important to understand the functioning of the medical ultrasound imaging device and how the ultrasonic transducer contributes to the quality of the images produced.
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describe the shape and location of a gaussian surface that can be used to determine the electric field at point p due to the long cylinder
To determine the electric field at point P due to a long cylinder, a cylindrical Gaussian surface should be used.
The Gaussian surface should be centered on the point P, and should be oriented along the axis of the cylinder. The surface should be perpendicular to the electric field vector, and should enclose the entire cylinder.
A Gaussian surface is a closed surface in three-dimensional space through which the flux of a vector field is calculated. It is typically used to calculate the electric flux of an electric field or the gravitational flux of a gravitational field.
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if the centripetal force on a 3.30 kg object is 14.5n, and the object is 1.90 m from the center of the circle, what is its tangential velocity?
If the centripetal force on a 3.30 kg object is 14.5 N, and the object is 1.90 m from the center of the circle, then the tangential velocity of the object will be 7.50 m/s.
Weight of the object is 3.30 kg ⇒ m = 3.30 kg.
The object is placed 1.90 meter away from the center of the circle and the centripetal force acting on the object will be 14.5 N .
F = 14.5 N and r = 1.90 m.
Centripetal force will be F = m × a = m × v² / r
So, v = sqrt of (F × r / m)
⇒ sqrt (14.5 N × 1.90 m / 3.30 kg) = sqrt (51.85 N × m / kg) = sqrt (51.85 N × m / kg) = 7.50 m/s.
Then the tangential velocity of the object will be 7.50 m/s.
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A car starts traveling with a velocity of 15 m/s and accelerates at a speed of 0.5 m/s 2 within 12 seconds. What is the displacement of the car that it traveled? Report your answer with the correct units.
The displacement of the car is 180 m it traveled.
What is the displacement ?Displacement is the distance between two points in a certain direction. It is usually measured in terms of length, such as kilometers or miles. Displacement is a vector quantity, which means that it has both magnitude and direction. It is different from distance because displacement is the shortest distance between two points, while distance is the total amount of space traveled between two points. Displacement is commonly used in physics to calculate the change in position of an object over time. It can also be used to measure the change in velocity or acceleration of an object.
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A particularly beautiful note reaching your ear from a rare Stradivarius violin has a wavelength of 39.1 cm . The room is slightly warm, so the speed of sound is 344 m/s.
If the string's linear density is 0.690 g/m and the tension is 160 N , how long is the vibrating section of the violin string?
The length of the vibrating section of the violin string is approximately 16 cm.
The length of the vibrating section of the violin string can be calculated using the formula for the wavelength of a wave on a string:
λ = 2L / n
where λ is the wavelength, L is the length of the vibrating section of the string, and n is the number of nodes in the vibration.
Next, we can use the formula for the frequency of a wave on a string:
[tex]f = (1 / 2L) * (T / μ)^0.5[/tex]
where f is the frequency, T is the tension in the string, and μ is the linear density of the string.
Combining these two equations and solving for L, we get:
[tex]L = (μ / T) * (f^2 / n^2)[/tex]
Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]L = (0.690 g/m / 160 N) * [(344 m/s / (2 * 39.1 cm))^2 / (1 / 2)^2][/tex]
Converting the units, we get:
[tex]L = (0.690 g/m / 160 N) * [(344 m/s / (2 * 0.391 m))^2 / (1 / 2)^2][/tex]
Calculating the value, we get:
L = 0.016 m
So, the length of the vibrating section of the violin string is approximately 16 cm.
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What is the coefficient of kinetic friction if a car going at 20 m/s stops in 50 m?
A automobile stopped after driving 50 meters at the a pace of 20 m / sec. Count on the rate of slowing being constant. Us = 0.5 and Uk = 0.03 are indeed the coefficient of friction between the seat and the user.
What is friction in human?A force known as friction works between two systems to stop any motion including attempted motion. Its normal force N that has been bringing the systems together has an inverse connection with the simple friction.
What negative effects may friction have?Here following is an overview of friction's detrimental effects: Friction among various mechanical parts causes a substantial quantity of heat to be wasted as heat. Since movement is constrained, it takes more energy to go around it. Using a machine when it is making noise is useless and irritating.
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solved the question belowCalculate the force of attraction between a cation with a valence of +3 and an anion with a valence of -2, the centers of which are separated by a distance of 2.8 nm.
F= _____Calculate the force of attraction between a cation( eV , N , J , nm ) Choose One
the attraction between a +3 valence cation and a -2 valence anion, whose centres are separated by a distance of 2.8 nm. The attraction between two cations is 1.76×10⁻¹⁰ forces.
given,
number of cations,n₁=3
number of anions,n₂=2
center distance between cation and anion,r=2.8 nm=2.8×10⁻⁹m
write the equation force of attraction:
[tex]F=\dfrac{kq_1q_2}{r^2}.[/tex]..............(1)
Here,K is coulombs constant ,K=9×10⁹ Nm²/C²,q =n×e ,e is electronic charge,e=1.60×10⁻¹⁹ coulombs. the attraction between a +3 valence cation.
calculate the value of cation charge q₁
q₁=n₁×e
q₁=3×1.60×10⁻¹⁹
calculate the value of cation charge q₂
q₂=n₂×e
q₂=2×1.60×10⁻¹⁹
substitute the values in equation 1
[tex]F=\frac{(9*10^{9})*(3*1.602*10^{-19}) *(2*1.602*10^{-19} )}{(2.8*10^{-9})^{2} }[/tex]
F=1.76×10⁻¹⁰
The force of attraction between cation is 1.76×10⁻¹⁰.
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a plastic balloon that has been rubbed with wool will stick to a wall. can you conclude that the wall is charged? if so, where does the charge come from? if not, why does the balloon stick?
No, it doesn't always imply that the wall is charged because the ball can cling to a non-charged wall.
The effect is caused by static electricity where we have plastic balloons. Static electricity refers to the buildup of electric charge in an item. Static electricity is significant because it may cause items to cling to one another.
This happens when two items with opposing charges, positive and negative, attract one other. Wool is a conductive substance, which means it quickly absorbs electrons as we discuss our dilemma. As a result, pressing a balloon against a wall causes electrons to move from the wool to the balloon's surface.
The rubbed area of the balloon is now negatively charged. Rubber things, such as the balloon, are electrical insulators, which means they hinder the flow of electrical charge through them.
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the planet in the orbit shown in the drawing obeys kepler's laws. during which of the portions of the planet's orbit (a, b, c, or d) would the planet experience an increase in speed for at least a moment?
The planet experience an increase in speed for at least a moment as it approaches the sun.
What are Kepler laws?The three laws of Kepler are -
The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci.A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.The square of a planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of the length of the semi - major axis of its orbit.Given is the planet in the orbit shown in the drawing obeys Kepler's laws.
The planet moves faster when it is nearer the Sun and slower when it is farther from the SunTherefore, the planet experience an increase in speed for at least a moment as it approaches the sun.
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Explain how your core sample differs from an actual core sample from the earth. It is in a jar and has colored sand to represent the core.
A obtained experimental is indeed a long, narrow chunk of stone that is extracted by drilling a hole through a rock with such a unique tool and lifting out an undamaged piece of the rock.
Is lifting considered work in physics?Work is being done on the thing as you lift it. The equation W = Fd describes the work W performed on an item by a constant force. It is determined by multiplying the force's intensity by how far the object is moved by the force.
Are you lifting something?Surface and body are no longer in contact when the body is lifted, eliminating any frictional forces. For the simple reason that friction opposes any relative motion between a surface and a substance (both are in contact).
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through which of the gaussian surfaces is the total electric flux zero?
The Gaussian surface through which the total electric flux is zero is the one that does not enclose any net charge.
According to Gauss's Law, the total electric flux passing through a closed surface is proportional to the charge enclosed by that surface. If there is no charge enclosed by the surface, then the total electric flux passing through that surface is zero.
Therefore, if there is no charge enclosed by a Gaussian surface, the total electric flux passing through that surface is zero.
However, if there is a charge enclosed by a Gaussian surface, the total electric flux passing through that surface is not necessarily zero. In that case, the total electric flux passing through the surface is proportional to the charge enclosed by the surface.
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