A diffraction-limited lens can focus light to a 10-μ m-diameter spot on a screen. Do the following actions make the spot diameter larger, smaller, or leave it unchanged? a. Decreasing the wavelength of light: b. Decreasing the lens diameter c. Decreasing the focal length: d. Decreasing the lens-to-screen distance:

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

a) the size of the sport DECREASES  , b)the spot size is increased

c)  it has no effect  and d) spot size DECREASES

Explanation:

The expression for constructive interference in diffraction is

         a sin θ = m λ

the chaff of the spot is given by the minimum interference m = 1

           a sin θ = λ

let's use trigonometry to find the angle

         tan λ= y / L

         tan θ = sin θ / cos t = sin θ

         sin θ = y / L

          a y / L = lam

in the case of materials with circular dome, the problem must result in polar coordinates, with which a numerical constant is introduced

          y = 1.22 L / a lam

let's analyze each electrode action in this equation

a) Decrease lam

         y ’= 1.22 L / a lm2

          lam2 <lamo

          y '<y

therefore the size of the sport DECREASES

b) decreases the lens diameter

       a '<a

         y ’= 1.22 L / a’ lam

         y '> y

the spot size is increased

c) Decrease the focal length

The expression does not depend on the focal length, so it has no effect

d) decrease in L

         y ’= 1.22 L’ / a lam

spot size DECREASES


Related Questions

A parallel plate capacitor consists of two square parallel plates separated by a distance d. the potential across the plates, while keeping everything else constant, what happens to the energy stored in the capacitor?
A) There will be % of the energy stored
B) There will be % of the energy stored
C) The energy stored will remain constant
D) The energy stored will double
E) the energy stored will quadruple

Answers

Answer:

E) the energy stored will quadrupled

Explanation:

The correct question is

A parallel plate capacitor consists of two square parallel plates separated by a distance d. If i double the potential across the plates, while keeping everything else constant, what happens to the energy stored in the capacitor?

A) There will be 1/4 of the energy stored

B) There will be 1/2 of the energy stored

C) The energy stored will remain constant

D) The energy stored will double

E) the energy stored will quadruple

The initial energy stored in the capacitor [tex]E_{i}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1}{2}CV^{2}[/tex]

where C is the capacitance

V is the potential difference

If I double this voltage, while holding every other parameters constant, the new energy stored will be

[tex]E_{n}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1}{2}C(2V)^{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{4}{2}CV^{2}[/tex]

[tex]E_{n}[/tex] = [tex]2CV^{2}[/tex]

dividing new energy stored by the initial energy stored, we have

[tex]E_{n}/E_{i}[/tex] = [tex]2CV^{2}[/tex] ÷ [tex]\frac{1}{2}CV^{2}[/tex] = 4

the energy stored will be quadrupled.

A fire engine approaches a wall at 5 m/s while the siren emits a tone of 500 Hz frequency. At the time, the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. How many beats per second do the people on the fire engine hear

Answers

Answer:

The  values is  [tex]f_b =14.9 \ beats/s[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

   The  speed of the fire engine is  [tex]v = 5\ m/s[/tex]

    The frequency of the tone is  [tex]f = 500 \ Hz[/tex]

    The speed of sound in air is [tex]v_s = 340 \ m/s[/tex]

The  beat frequency is mathematically represented as

     [tex]f_b = f_a - f[/tex]

Where  [tex]f_a[/tex] is the frequency of sound heard by the people in the fire engine and is is mathematically evaluated as

   [tex]f_a = [\frac{v_s + v }{v_s -v} ]* f[/tex]

substituting values

  [tex]f_a = [\frac{340 + 5 }{340 -5} ]* 500[/tex]

  [tex]f_a = 514.9 \ Hz[/tex]

Thus  

      [tex]f_b =514.9 - 500[/tex]

      [tex]f_b =14.9 \ beats/s[/tex]

The piston of a hydraulic elevator used for lifting trucks has a 0.3m radius. What pressure is required to lift a truck of 2500 kg mass? What force was applied to the small piston if it has a radius of 3cm?

Answers

Answer:

1. 88370.45 N/[tex]m^{2}[/tex]

2. 2500 N.

Explanation:

Pressure, P, is define as the force, F, per unit area, A, applied on/ by an object.

i.e P = [tex]\frac{F}{A}[/tex]

1. The area, A, of the piston of the hydraulic elevator can be determined by;

A = [tex]\pi[/tex][tex]r^{2}[/tex]

where r is the radius of the piston.

A = [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] × [tex](0.3)^{2}[/tex]

  = [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] × 0.09

  = 0.2829 [tex]m^{2}[/tex]

Pressure required to lift a truck of 2500 kg mass can be determined as;

P = [tex]\frac{F}{A}[/tex]

F = W = mg

  = 2500 × 10

  = 25 000 N

So that,

P = [tex]\frac{25000}{0.2829}[/tex]

  = 88370.45 N/[tex]m^{2}[/tex]

The pressure required is 88370.45 N/[tex]m^{2}[/tex].

2. [tex]\frac{F_{1} }{A_{1} }[/tex] = [tex]\frac{F_{2} }{A_{2} }[/tex]

 Area of small piston = [tex]\pi[/tex][tex]r^{2}[/tex]

                                   = [tex]\frac{22}{7}[/tex] × [tex](0.03)^{2}[/tex]

                                   = 0.02829 [tex]m^{2}[/tex]

So that,

[tex]\frac{25000}{0.2829}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{F_{2} }{0.02829}[/tex]

[tex]F_{2}[/tex] = 2500 N

The force applied to the small piston is 2500 N.

Estimate the distance (in cm) between the central bright region and the third dark fringe on a screen 5.00 m from two double slits 0.500 mm apart illuminated by 500-nm light.

Answers

Answer:

1.25cm

Explanation:

Using

Minimum, as dsinစ = (m+1/2) lambda

Third dark fringe m= 2

dsinစ = (2+1/2)lambda

d(y/L)= (5/2) lambda

Y= 5/2* lambda *L/d

So substituting

=[ (500E-9m)(5m)/0.5E-3] 5/2

=0.0125m

= 1.25cm

Explanation:

A small, dense ball is launched from ground level at an angle of 50° above the horizontal. The ballâs initial speed is 22 m/s, and it lands on a hard, level surface at the same height from which it was launched. The ball then bounces and reaches a height of 75% its peak height it achieved at launch. Assume air resistance is negligible.(a) Find the maximum height reached by the ball during its first parabolic arc. (b) Find the distance between the launch point to where the ball lands the first time. (c) Find the distance between the launch point to where the ball lands the second time?

Answers

Answer:

a) Hmax =   10.86 m

b) Rx = 48.64 m

c) Rx¹ = 36.48m

Explanation:

Given that Ф = 50°

v₀ = 22 m/s

a)

hmax = v₀²sin²Ф / 2g

hmax = 22² × sin²50  / 2 × 9.8

hmax =   14.49 m

Hmax = 75% of hmax

Hmax = 0.75 × 14.49

Hmax = 10.86 m

the maximum height reached by the ball during its first parabolic arc is 10.86 m

 

b)

Rx = v₀²sin2Ф / g

Rx = 22² × sin 100  / 9.8

Rx = 48.64 m

the distance between the launch point to where the ball lands the first time is 48.64 m

c)

Rx¹ = 75% 0f Rx

Rx¹ = 0.75 × 48.64

Rx¹ = 36.48m

the distance between the launch point to where the ball lands the second time is 36.48m  

masses of 3kg on a smooth horizontal table.It is connected by a light string passing at the edge of the table to another mass of 2kg hanging vertically.When to the system is released from rest with what acceleration do the mass move​

Answers

Answer:

aaawwwwwwwsssaaaasasss

What is the gauge pressure in Pascals inside a honey droplet of a 0.1 cm diameter? Assume that air is surrounding this droplet and the surface tension of honey is 0.052 N/m.
Give your answer to the nearest integer (do NOT use scientific notation).

Answers

Answer:

The gauge pressure in Pascals inside a honey droplet is 416 Pa

Explanation:

Given;

diameter of the honey droplet, D = 0.1 cm

radius of the honey droplet, R = 0.05 cm = 0.0005 m

surface tension of honey, γ = 0.052 N/m

Apply Laplace's law for a spherical membrane with two surfaces

Gauge pressure =  P₁ - P₀ = 2 (2γ / r)

Where;

P₀ is the atmospheric pressure

Gauge pressure = 4γ / r

Gauge pressure = 4 (0.052) / (0.0005)

Gauge pressure = 416 Pa

Therefore, the gauge pressure in Pascals inside a honey droplet is 416 Pa

Leticia timed how fast five apple slices turned brown (oxidate) after being being dipped in different preservatives such as lemon juice, fruit freshener, salt water and lime soda. another part of the experiment had the apple slices simply set out without any chemical on them. all parts of the experiment had the apple slices in the same indoor conditions such as humidity temperature and lighting; also only one variety of apple-red delicious was used.

Identify each of the following independent variable, dependent variable, constants, control experiment and repeated trials.

Answers

Answer:

Independent Variable: Choice of preservative

Dependent Variable: Time it took to brown

Controlled Variables/Constants: Climate, Size of apple slices, and amount of preservative on each slice

Control: Apple Slices without preservatives on them

Repeated Trials: One?

Explanation:

Average speed is calculated by dividing distance traveled by
time. How is average velocity calculated?

Answers

Answer:

The average velocity of an object is its total displacement divided by the total time taken. In other words, it is the rate at which an object changes its position from one place to another. Average velocity is a vector quantity. The SI unit is meters per second.

hope this helps you

Answer:

displacement divided by time

Explanation:

A 24.0-kg crate, starting from rest, is pulled across a floor with a constant horizontal force of 225 N. For the first 11.0 m the floor is frictionless, and for the next 10.0 m the coefficient of friction is 0.20. What is the final speed of the crate after being pulled these 21.0 m?

Answers

Answer:

18.83m/s

Explanation:

In the first 11meters, we can calculate the Kinectic energy since we know that

the floor is frictionless then work done by the horizontal force= Kinectic energy gain by the block in the first 11m.

Then Kinetic Energy = wordone

But work done= Force × distance

Kinetic Energy=(225×11)= 2475J

In the next 10.0 m the coefficient of friction is 0.20, the Kinectic energy has equal value to the difference in workdone by both the horizontal and frictional force

K.E= (Force× distance) - ( mass × gravity× coefficient of friction × distance at 10 m)

K.E= [(225×10)-(.20× 9.8×10× 24)]

K.E= 2250-470.4

= 1779.6J

The addition of the Kinectic energy above give us the total Kinectic energy experience by the crate.

Total Kinectic energy= 1779.6+2475

= 4254.6J

the final speed of the crate after being pulled these 21.0 m?

Total distance= 11m + 10m = 21 m

Then the final speed can be calculated from the total Kinectic energy, since we know that

K.E= 0.5mv^2

V= √(2K.E/m)

= √(2×4254.6)/24

Final speed v = √354.55

Final speed v= 18.83m/s

Therefore, the final speed of the crate after being pulled these 21.0 m is 18.83m/s

If the period of a simple pendulum is T and you increase its length so that it is 4 times longer, what will the new period be?

Answers

Answer:

T' = 2T

Explanation:

The time period of a simple pendulum is given by the relation as follows :

[tex]T=2\pi \sqrt{\dfrac{l}{g}}[/tex]

l is length of the pendulum

g is acceleration due to gravity

If the length is increased four time, new length is l' = 4l

So,

New time period is :

[tex]T'=2\pi \sqrt{\dfrac{l'}{g}}\\\\T'=2\pi \sqrt{\dfrac{4l}{g}}\\\\T'=2\times 2\pi \sqrt{\dfrac{l}{g}}\\\\T'=2\times T[/tex]

So, the new time period is 2 times of the initial time period.

Gulls are often observed dropping clams and other shellfish from a height to the rocks below, as a means of opening the shells. If a seagull drops a shell from rest at a height of 16 m, how fast is the shell moving when it hits the rocks

Answers

Answer:

v = 17.71 m / s

Explanation:

We can work this exercise with the kinematics equations. In general the body is released so that its initial velocity is zero, the acceleration of the acceleration of gravity

                v² = v₀² - 2 g (y -y₀)

                v² = 0 - 2g (y -y₀)

when it hits the stone the height is zero and part of the height of the seagull I

              v² = 2g y₀

              v = Ra (2g i)

let's calculate

              v =√ (2 9.8 16)

              v = 17.71 m / s

During which stage of the water cycle does water from the ocean form clouds?

Answers

Answer:

Condensation

Explanation:

Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water. Condensation is crucial to the water cycle because it is responsible for the formation of clouds.

Answer:

This process is called condensation.

Explanation:

When a cloud becomes full of liquid water, it falls from the sky as rain or snow.

A person travels 1.5 km in 6 minutes, how fast were they traveling in meters per second?

Answers

Answer:

4.167m/sec

Explanation:

1km=1000m

1.5km=1500m

1min=60sec

6min=360sec

In 360sec they travel 1500m

In 1 sec they travel=1500m/360

1sec=4.167m

Firecracker A is 300 m from you. Firecracker B is 600 m from you in the same direction. You see both explode at the same time. Define event 1 to be "firecracker A explodes" and event 2 to be "firecracker B explodes." Does.event 1 occur before, after, or at the same time as event 2? Explain.

Answers

Answer:

e see that the distances are different, the only way that the two beams of light approach simultaneously is that event 2 (farthest) occurs first than event 1

Explanation:

This is an ejercise in special relativity, where the speed of light is constant.

Let's carefully analyze the approach, we see the two events at the same time.

The closest event time is

       c = (x₁-300) / t

       t = (x₁-300) / c

The time for the other event is

       t = (x₂- 600) / c

since they tell us that we see the events simultaneously, we can equalize

        (x₁ -300) / c = (x₂ -600) / c

         x₁ = x₂ - 300

We see that the distances are different, the only way that the two beams of light approach simultaneously is that event 2 (farthest) occurs first than event 1

The critical period is a special time of development in humans. True False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Without proper development during the critical period, the growth of some life skills may be severely delayed or stunted.

A radio wave sent from the surface of the earth reflects from the surface of the moon and returns to the earth. The elapsed time between the generation of the wave and the detection of the reflected wave is 2.6444 s. Determine the distance from the surface of the earth to the surface of the moon. Note: The speed of light is 2.9979 ? 108 m/s.

Answers

Answer:

7.92 × 10^8 M

A radio wave sent from the surface of the earth reflects from the surface of the moon and returns to the earth. The elapsed time between the generation of the wave and the detection of the reflected wave is 2.6444s. then the distance from the surface of the earth to the surface of the moon would be 3.9632×10⁸ meters.

What is Wavelength?

It can be understood in terms of the distance between any two similar successive points across any wave for example wavelength can be calculated by measuring the distance between any two successive crests.

As given in the problem A radio wave sent from the surface of the earth reflects from the surface of the moon and returns to the earth. The elapsed time between the generation of the wave and the detection of the reflected wave is 2.6444s

the given speed of the light is 2.9979 ×10⁸ m/s

As we know that

Distance =speed ×time

Distance = 2.9979 ×10⁸× 2.6444

               =7.92644× 10⁸

This is the total distance covered by both ways from the moon to earth

The actual distance of the moon from earth would be half of this distance

Thus, the distance from the surface of the earth to the surface of the moon would be 3.9632×10⁸ meters.

Learn more about wavelength from here

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Calculate the following expression: 2.36 + 3.38 + 0.355 + 1.06 =

Answers

the answer wil be 2.36+3.38+0.355+1.06=7.155

After adding them all up you get 7.155

Activity
In this activity, you will solve the following problems using the rules for adding and subtracting and multiplying and dividing with significant
figures
Part A
28.97 + 45.876

Answers

Explanation:

We need to add 28.97 and 45.876.

Here, the first no is 28.97 and other no is 45.876

Here, 28.97 is the least precise value and 45.876 is most precise.

28.97 + 45.876 = 74.846

We need to write the final answer such that there is two digit after the decimal. So, 28.97 + 45.876 = 74.85 because 6 is more than 5 i.e. we add 1 to 4.

Answer:

 28.97

+ 45.876

 74.846

Explanation:

Because 28.97 has only two decimal places, round off the answer to two decimal places: 74.85.

A sprinter is running a 100m sprint race. The race begins, and stopwatch is started. The sprinter passes the 12m [N] mark at 1.92 s and passes the 59m [N] mark at 7.98s, What was the sprinter's average velocity between the two time marks? Show all your work.

Answers

Answer:

velocity = 7.7558 m/s

Explanation:

s = u × t

s - distance u - velocity t - time

59 - 12 = (7.98 - 1.92) *u

47 = ( 6.06) u

u = 7.7558 m/s

When a sprinter is running a 100m sprint race. The race begins, and the stopwatch is started. The sprinter passes the 12m [N] mark at 1.92 s and passes the 59m [N] mark at 7.98s, then the sprinter's average velocity between the two-time marks would be

What is Velocity?

The total displacement covered by any object per unit of time is known as velocity. The velocity of an object depends on the magnitude as well as the direction of the object.

the mathematical expression for velocity is given by

velocity = total displacement /time

As given in the problem a sprinter is running a 100m sprint race. The race begins, and the stopwatch is started. The sprinter passes the 12m [N] mark at 1.92 s and passes the 59m [N] mark at 7.98s

The total displacement covered by the sprinter

S = 59-12

S= 47 m

The total time is taken by the sprinter

T= 7.98 -1.92

 = 6.06 seconds

Velocity = S/T

             =47/6.06

             =7.75 m/s

Thus. the average velocity of the sprinter would be 7.75 m/s

Learn more about Velocity from here

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Suppose you attempt to pour out 100 g of salt, using a pan balance for measurements, while an elevator that is accelerating upward. Will the quantity (weight) of salt be too much, too little, or the correct amount? Explain

Answers

Answer:

the correct amount

Explanation:

The pan balance has two pans . When the elevator is accelerating upward , the apparent weight of both objects placed on either pan increase . The net effect is that they cancel out the effect of accelerating elevator . Hence the apparent weight of salt remains same as and equal to its real weight.

In case of spring balance,  its apparent weight would have increased . Its apparent weight would have measured more than its true weight.



13.4. Young's modulus for iron is 1.9 x 10' Pa. When an iron wire 1.0 m long with a cross-sectional area of 4.0 mm
supports a 100 kg load, the wire stretches by
(

Answers

Answer:

0.0129 m

Explanation:

ΔL = FL / (EA)

where ΔL is the deflection,

F is the force,

L is the initial length,

E is Young's modulus,

and A is the cross sectional area.

F = mg = 100 kg × 9.8 m/s² = 9800 N

A = 4.0 mm² × (1 m / 1000 mm)² = 4×10⁻⁶ m²

ΔL = (9800 N) (1.0 m) / ((1.9×10¹¹ Pa) (4×10⁻⁶ m²))

ΔL = 0.0129 m

A 150 W driveway light produces 9.3 × 104 J of light energy over a 4.0 h period. If the light uses 2.06 × 106 J of energy in the 4.0 h, then what is its efficiency? Show all your work.

Answers

Answer:

4.5%

Explanation:

efficiency = energy out / energy in

e = 9.3×10⁴ J / 2.06×10⁶ J

e = 0.045

What is the mass of erath

Answers

the earth mass is clicked as a picture at up

a box with a weight of 555 N is sitting on the ground and the bottom of the box measures 0.55 m by 0.45. What is the pressure exerted by the box on the ground?

Answers

Explanation:

Pressure = force / area

P = 55 N / (0.55 m × 0.45 m)

P = 220 Pa

A teapot with a surface area of 700 cm2 is to be plated with silver. It is attached to the negative electrode of an electrolytic cell containing silver nitrate (Ag+ NO3-). If the cell is powered by a 12.0-V battery and has a resistance of 1.30 , how long does it take for a 0.133-mm layer of silver to build up on the teapot? (The density of silver is 10.5 multiplied by 103 kg/m3.)

Answers

Jjanaajjjajajjaajjajaja

What is the opposite of 4/4

Answers

Answer: -1   or -4/4

Explanation:

4/4  simplifies to 1   and the opposite of 1 is -1.

The rate at which energy is emitted from an accelerating charge that has charge q and acceleration a is given by dE/dt= q^2 a^2/ 6πεc^3, where c is the speed of light.

Required:
a. If a proton with a kinetic energy of 5.0 MeV is travelling in a particle accelerator in a circular orbit with a radius of 0.540 m, what fraction of its energy does it radiate per second?
b. Consider an electron orbiting with the same speed and radius. What fraction of its energy does it radiate per second?

Answers

Answer:

The value of fraction of energy is [tex]2.23\times10^{-11}[/tex]

The value of fraction of energy is [tex]7.53\times10^{-5}[/tex]

Explanation:

Given that,

Charge = q

Acceleration = a

The rate at which energy is emitted from an accelerating charge

[tex]\dfrac{dE}{dt}=\dfrac{q^2a^2}{6\pi\epsilon c^3}[/tex]....(I)

We know that,

Acceleration for circular motion is

[tex]a=\dfrac{v^2}{r}[/tex]....(II)

The kinetic energy is

[tex]K.E=\dfrac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]

[tex]v^2=\dfrac{2(K.E)}{m}[/tex]

Put the value of v in equation (II)

[tex]a=\dfrac{2(K.E)}{mr}[/tex]

Put the value of a in equation (I)

[tex]\dfrac{dE}{dt}=\dfrac{q^2(\dfrac{2(K.E)}{mr})^2}{6\pi\epsilon c^3}[/tex]

[tex]\dfrac{dE}{dt}=\dfrac{q^24(K.E)^2}{6\pi\epsilon c^3\times m^2 r^2}[/tex]

[tex]\dfrac{\dfrac{dE}{dt}}{K.E}=\dfrac{q^24(K.E)}{6\pi\epsilon c^3\times m^2 r^2}[/tex]

Suppose that,

[tex]\dfrac{\dfrac{dE}{dt}}{K.E}=R[/tex]

So,

[tex]R=\dfrac{q^2\times4(K.E)}{6\pi\epsilon c^3\times m^2 r^2}[/tex]....(III)

(a). For proton,

We need to calculate the fraction of its energy does it radiate per second

Using equation (III)

[tex]R=\dfrac{4\times(1.6\times10^{-19})^2\times5.0\times1.6\times10^{-19}\times10^{6}\times6\times10^{9}}{(3\times10^{8})^3\times(1.67\times10^{-27})^2\times(0.540)^2}[/tex]

[tex]R=2.23\times10^{-11}[/tex]

(b). For electron,

We need to calculate the fraction of its energy does it radiate per second

Using equation (III)

[tex]R=\dfrac{4\times(1.6\times10^{-19})^2\times5.0\times1.6\times10^{-19}\times10^{6}\times6\times10^{9}}{(3\times10^{8})^3\times(9.1\times10^{-31})^2\times(0.540)^2}[/tex]

[tex]R=0.0000753[/tex]

Hence, The value of fraction of energy is [tex]2.23\times10^{-11}[/tex]

The value of fraction of energy is [tex]7.53\times10^{-5}[/tex]


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Q1) State similarities & difference between the laboratory thermometers & the clinical thermometers

Q2) Give two examples for conductors & insulators.

Q3) Give reason: Wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps
us warm​

Answers

Answer:

(1): Similarities Both thermometers are used to measure temperature and both of them use mercury,Differences Clinical thermometer is used to measure human body temperature whereas laboratory thermometer is used to measure temperature of other object which has higher temperature than human body temperature

(2)Examples of conductors include metals, aqueous solutions of salts, Examples of insulators include plastics, Styrofoam, paper, rubber, glass and dry air.

(3)Air acts as insulator of heat. This layer prevents our body heat to escape in the surroundings. More layers of thin clothes will allow more air to get trapped and as a result we will not feel cold. So wearing more layers of clothing during winter keeps us warmer than wearing just one thick piece of clothing

Explanation:

A Pipe Filled with Helium A certain organ pipe, open at both ends, produces a fundamental frequency of 293 Hz in air Now consider a pipe that is stopped (i.e., closed at one end) but still has a fundamental frequency of 293 Hz in air. How does your answer to Part A, fHe, change

Answers

Complete question:

A certain organ pipe, open at both ends, produces a fundamental frequency of 293 Hz in air. If the pipe is filled with helium at the same temperature, what fundamental frequency fHe will it produce? Take the molar mass of air to be 28.97 g/mol and the molar mass of helium to be 4.00 g/mol. Now consider a pipe that is stopped (i.e., closed at one end) but still has a fundamental frequency of 293 Hz in air. How does your answer to first question, fHe, change?

Answer:

The fundamental frequency that helium produced is 788.6 Hz.

Since the fundamental frequency of air in closed pipe is still the same value as open pipe, the fundamental frequency of helium will not change.

Explanation:

The speed of sound in pipe when filled with air is given by;

[tex]v = \sqrt{\frac{\gamma RT}{M} }[/tex]

Where;

γ = 1.4

R = 8.31 J/mol.K

M = 0.02897 kg/mol

T = 20°C = 293 K

[tex]v_{air} = \sqrt{\frac{1.4* 8.31*293}{0.02897} } = 343 \ m/s[/tex]

The speed of sound in pipe when filled with helium is given by

[tex]v_{He} = \sqrt{\frac{1.4* 8.31*293}{0.004} } =923.14 \ m/s[/tex]

Now, determine the fundamental frequency Helium will it produce

v = fλ

[tex]\frac{V_{air}}{F_o{air}} = \frac{V_{He}}{F_o{He}}\\\\F_o{He} = \frac{F_o{air}*V_{He}}{V_{air}} \\\\F_o{He} = \frac{(293)*(923.14)}{343}\\\\F_o{He} = 788.6 \ Hz[/tex]

Since the fundamental frequency of air in closed pipe is still the same value as open pipe, the fundamental frequency of helium will not change.

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