The cell has a plasma membrane with multiple folds to increase its surface area, allowing for more efficient exchange of materials with the environment and enhancing cellular functions.
The folding of the plasma membrane, often referred to as microvilli or microvillus projections, serves to increase the available surface area for various cellular processes. These folds are especially important in cells that are involved in absorption, secretion, or transportation of molecules. By increasing the surface area, the cell can maximize its interactions with the surrounding environment, facilitating the exchange of nutrients, ions, and other molecules. This is crucial for cells that are involved in processes like nutrient absorption in the intestines or gas exchange in the lungs.
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The high efficiency particulate arrestor (hepa) filter in a recirculating biological safety cabinet will capture chemical vapors and gases:_______
High efficiency particulate arrestor is a type of air filter that can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, mold, bacteria, and any airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns. The HEPA filter does not remove vapors or gases.
HEPA air purifiers have some level of activated carbon-based material to absorb odors and chemicals .HEPA filters claim to remove particles like dust, allergens and mold spores from the air. HEPA filters are made by haphazardly arranging the polypropylene or fiberglass fibers (between 0.5 and 2.0 µm). While sometimes the fibers are arranged in a mess, the fibers can pass air through and trap some of the particles.
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Scientists discovered a regular cycle of eclipses. It is called the Saros cycle. The table below
shows the dates of some eclipses in this cycle.
Complete the table by predicting the date of the next eclipse in the Saros cycle.
The next eclipse in the Saros cycle will be at 22nd of August 2017.
What is an eclipse?
Eclipse is an astronomical phenomenon marked by the total or partial darkening of a star due to the passage of some celestial body in front of a light source. There are two categories of eclipse: the solar eclipse and the lunar eclipse.
With that being said it is possible to notice that all eclipses are happening with an interval of 18 years. So as the last eclipse was in 1999, the next one will be in 2017. As for the day, it is possible to notice that they are happening 11 days after the last one. So as the last one was in 11th of August, the next one will be in 22nd of August.
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The central nervous system consists of the: Group of answer choices parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions. sense organs and sensory neurons. brain and the spinal cord. muscles and glands.
According to the research, the central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord (c).
What is the central nervous system?It is made up of the brain and spinal cord, these are the main information and control centers of the body.
The brain is the organ contained within the skull, which integrates and controls all the functions of the body, from the sensory, motor and integrative part.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord (c).
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When RNA polymerase synthesizes a new mRNA, interactions between the RNA polymerase, the DNA, and the RNA hold the complex together. When a hairpin loop forms in the nascent mRNA:
When a hairpin loop forms in the nascent mRNA: The hairpin will destabilize the interaction and possibly lead to transcriptional termination.
Transcription in prokaryotes like E. coli is terminated either by a rho-dependent process or a rho-independent process. Intrinsic termination is controlled by the specific sequences of RNA .
When the termination process starts, the transcribed mRNA forms a stable secondary structural hairpin loop, also known as a stem-loop. Several uracil nucleotides follow this RNA hairpin. The uracil and adenine connections are exceedingly weak. NusA, a protein attached to RNA polymerase, attaches to the stem-loop structure so firmly that it momentarily stalls the polymerase.
The polymerase is pausing at the same time that the poly-uracil sequence is being transcribed. The RNA-DNA duplex can unwind and separate from the RNA polymerase because the weak adenine-uracil interactions reduce the energy of destabilization for the RNA-DNA duplex. Overall, transcription is terminated by the modified RNA structure.
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The Linnaean suborder prosimians includes Group of answer choices diurnal and nocturnal lemurs. diurnal and nocturnal galagos. only diurnal species. only nocturnal species.
Lemurs are prosimians and some of them are nocturnal while others are diurnal.
Prosimians
Prosimians are primates that include lemurs, lorisoids, galagos, etc. They are considered less developed compared to primates such as humans, apes, and monkeys. The advanced primates are called simians. They are mostly nocturnal but some are diurnal. They are mostly tree-dwellers and have a keen sense of smell. Their sense of smell is greater than their sense of vision. They have long snouts and moist noses.
Lemurs
Lemurs belong to the prosimians and they have a large diversity of diurnal and nocturnal. Some others are cathemeral as they can stay active both day and night. The cathemeral lemurs can show variation as the season changes. As such changes are often affected by the availability of food and the weather.
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Nurul refused to receive the free immunisations offered by the government for her son because she feels that his son is healthy and does not required immunisation. Do you agree with Nurul? Why?
Help plis thanks
Answer: No , as diseases that occur from micro organisms can still negatively effect a person even if healthy , therefore immunization can help fight the microbes
Explanation:
______ is when multiple species use the same resource in different ways or at different times.
Inter-species competition is when multiple species use the same resource in different ways or at different times.
When two species can not exist at indefinite at same niches. The multiple species are use the same resources in a different ways or different time. After primary succession has occurred then species is the first to colonize the area.
When organisms of two same species use the limited resources and have a negative impact on each other,then it is known as competition.There are some examples or species which compete for resources such as sharks, dolphins,seabirds ,etc they all are same type of fish in ocean ecosystem.
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Associations detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity.
Associations that were detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity is shown below;
There was a regular, positive associations that between diversity and NDVI sd in regards to mouth microbiome.There was a constant, significant, and a negative associations that was said to exist between percent grassland and that of the diversity of the nose microbiome.What are the other result?Further result from the study of Amber L. Pearson et al., (2020) reveal that the outcome for the mouth microbiome, she shows that a little effect of percent trees was seen on diversity and Clay loam soil was said to be negatively and positively associated or linked with rectum microbiome diversity, when liken to loam soil.
The study reveals that no potential indicator taxon among NDVI quartiles was found and further research is needed.
Work citation
Amber L. Pearson, Jennifer Pechal, Zihan Lin, M. Eric Benbow, Carl Schmidt, Suzanne Mavoa, (2020) Associations detected between measures of neighborhood environmental conditions and human microbiome diversity, science direct, page 1-29.
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Anything and everything which you may want to investigate can be determined by the scientific method.
a. True
b. False
False because scientific method is the process of objectively establishing facts through testing and experimentation. A scientific investigation is a plan for asking questions and testing possible answers. A scientific investigation typically begins with observations. Observations often lead to questions. A hypothesis is a possible logical answer to a scientific question, based on scientific knowledge.
Scientific method is important in an experiment because It provides an objective, standardized approach to conducting experiments and, in doing so, improves their results. Example of scientific investigation can be a plant experiment in which a student uses plants in identical pots, and determine the growth based on how much water, sunlight and how much fertilizer one plant gets .
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Collecting ducts within the kidney tubules cut in cross section would reveal what type of epithelium?
Simple cuboid epithelium found in glandular kidney tubules. This is observed in the lining of the kidney tubules and ducts of glans. Nucleus of tall column like cells trend to be elongated and found in the basal end of the cells.
It is composed of single layer that is relatively ,larger surface area, which is allow them to absorption and secretion of substances like water and salt from the kidney and hormones which are produced by the glands.
Simple epithelium tissues are specialized for diffusion and absorption. This is also found in lining the cavities of body such as pericardial , peritoneal and pleurae.
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Most cytochrome p450 enzymes alter the activity of drugs by?
Most cytochrome p450 enzymes can alter the activity of drugs by oxidizing them.
What is the cytochrome p450 enzyme?The cytochrome p450 enzyme is a family of monooxygenases that act during the electron transport chain of the process of cellular respiration.
This enzyme (cytochrome p450 enzyme) is able to oxide different types of molecules such as lipids and steroids during oxide reduction (redox) chemical reactions.
The inhibition of the activity of the cytochrome p450 enzyme can alter cellular activity, thereby the cell cannot survive.
In conclusion, most cytochrome p450 enzymes can alter the activity of drugs by oxidizing them.
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why do areas with low altitude have warmer air than higher altitudes
Answer:
when altitude increase the temprature become low,so that most of higher mountains usually covered by ice
Answer:
the more you go upwards the more temperature will decrease because the amount of oxygen will decrease and about eh low altitude have warm air because the air inside is hot due to the layer of earth with is extremely hot
Based on the information provided, what do you think the most ideal parameters would be for optimal glucose production?
The most ideal parameters for optimal glucose production are insulin sensitivity SI, glucose effectiveness SG, insulin action p2 and the volume of distribution of glucose V.
What is used for glucose production?Insulin, glucagon, and hepatocyte-derived factors are used in these activities. Gut: Hormones are released in the gut in response to nutrition intake. These hormones affect hunger, stomach emptying, glucose production, and glucose elimination.
After eating, the beta cells release insulin into the bloodstream as your blood glucose levels rise. In order for glucose to enter muscle, fat, and liver cells, insulin works as a key to unlocking those cells. The majority of the cells in your body use glucose, lipids, and amino acids (the components of protein) as fuel.
By converting glycogen into glucose, a process known as glycogenolysis, the liver produces sugar or glucose. Additionally, the liver may produce the sugar or glucose that is required by harvesting amino acids, waste, and fat.
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After incubation, does the antibiotic extend into the agar beyond the zone of inhibition? how does your answer tie in with minimum inhibitory concentration (mic)?
After incubation, the antibiotic extends to the agar beyond the zone of inhibition, but in lower concentrations, indicating that the microorganism can grow in small concentrations of the tested drug.
What is Diffusion Disk?It is one of the simplest, most reliable and most used susceptibility methods in microbiology laboratories. Its basic principle is the diffusion of the antimicrobial on the surface of the agar, from a disc impregnated with the same antimicrobial.
How does the disk-broadcast test work?The agar disk diffusion test was described in 1966 by Bauer and Kirby. It is one of the simplest and most reliable sensitivity methods. It is performed by dispensing the antimicrobial discs onto the agar plate after applying the bacterial inoculum with approximately 1 to 2 x 10 CFU/mL.
With this information, we can conclude that The purpose of the disk diffusion method is to assess the sensitivity or resistance of a microorganism to a particular antimicrobial agent.
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The modification of the genetic code of a living organism is called _____. Multiple choice question. DNA cloning genomic sequencing mutagenesis genetic engineering
The modification of the genetic code of a living organism is called Genetic engineering.
Genetic engineering, often known as genetic alteration, is a technique that modifies an organism's DNA using technology developed in labs. This could entail altering a single base pair (A-T or C-G), erasing a section of DNA, or incorporating new DNA.In order to alter an organism or population of organisms, genetic engineering involves the artificial manipulation, alteration, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid molecules. The term "genetic engineering" is typically used to describe recombinant DNA technology techniques that were developed as a result of fundamental studies in microbial genetics. Human insulin, human growth hormone, and the hepatitis B vaccination are examples of items produced using genetic engineering techniques. Genetically modified organisms have also been created.
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The unmarried biological father's name may not go on the birth certificate until both parents fill out the .
The unmarried biological father's name may not be on the birth certificate until both parents fill out the Acknowledgement of Paternity (AOP).
The unmarried mother and father must sign an Acknowledgement of Paternity (AOP) in order to officially acknowledge their shared paternity.
Without having to go to court, the AOP establishes the father of the child if it complies with the requirements of District legislation.
The AOP can be finished most easily at the hospital or birthing facility right after the baby is born. The staff will assist parents in completing and notarizing the AOP.
The child's birth circumstances and the parents' marital status must allow them to establish paternity through an AOP.
This typically means that the child must be born in the District and that the parents cannot be wed or in a domestic relationship that is legally recognized.
Additionally, if the mother was married at the time of the child's birth, she cannot complete an AOP with a different man.
Hence, the unmarried biological father's name may not be on the birth certificate until both parents fill out the Acknowledgement of Paternity (AOP).
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The ______________of the human digestive tract can be classified as endocrine glands since they produce hormones.
The pancreas and stomach of the human digestive tract can be classified as endocrine glands since they produce hormones.
The endocrine system is a communication system that uses feedback loops to control distant target organs by controlling hormones secreted by internal glands of an organism directly into the circulatory system. All endocrine systems in vertebrates are controlled neutrally by the hypothalamus.The pancreas performs both endocrine and exocrine functions by secreting fluids directly into the bloodstream and through ducts, respectively. The pancreas secretes enzymes, often known as digestive juices, into the small intestine. Insulin and glucagon, which control blood glucose levels, and somatostatin, which inhibits the production of insulin and glucagon, are the two primary hormones secreted by the endocrine gland in the pancreas.Similarly, When there is food in the stomach, the gastric mucosa, the lining of the stomach, generates a hormone called Gastrin. The hormone induces the formation of pepsin, an enzyme that aids in food digestion, and hydrochloric acid.learn more about endocrine glands here: https://brainly.com/question/1128099
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Which skill should samir improve to become more effective at participating in a formal discussion?
Samir should work on his communication and presenting skills in the language to become more effective at participating in a formal discussion.
A group discussion is a conversation about a certain subject among a number of people. Be confident, relevant to the issue, considerate of others, and use good, clear English when speaking during a group conversation.
Respect other speakers' contributions.You can learn something if you pay close attention to what other speakers have to say.Mention the things that fascinate you.Always keep in mind that a discussion is not a fight.Respect different points of view.Before you talk, give your contribution some thought.Try to stay on topic for the conversation.learn more about communication here: https://brainly.com/question/26152499
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Among organisms exhibiting protostome development, which morphological trait shows the most variation?
The morphological trait that shows the most variation among organisms exhibiting protostome development is the type of body cavity.
What are protostomes?Protostomes are animals having bilateral symmetry in which the mouth is developed before the anus.
The organisms (protostomes) represent the main classification feature of animals according to the type of embryo development.
The genetic analysis of molecular sequences has shown that protostomes emerged first in the evolution in the animal kingdom.
Protostomes include diverse groups of animals such as annelids, nematodes, arthropods, mollusks, flatworms, etc.
In conclusion, the morphological trait that shows the most variation among protostomes is the type of body cavity.
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The filtrate formed by the nephrons in the kidney is NOT urine. The filtrate is first refined and concentrated by the processes of __________, which form the urine that leaves the body. (Choose all that apply)
The filtrate is first refined and concentrated by the processes of reabsorption and secretion, which form the urine that leaves the body.
Process of filtration in kidney:The glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule restores necessary substances to your blood while removing waste. The glomerulus is nestled within a region of the kidney called the Bowman's Capsule. This is where filtration occurs. The high pressure causes some substances to pass through the capillary walls when blood is forced through the tiny capillaries. The walls serve as a filter or sieve. This is how the function of the nephron. A glomerulus filters your blood, while a tubule restores necessary substances to your circulation while removing extra waste. Each nephron has both of these functions.
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Which synapse(s) are specifically responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response?
Answer choices:
Sensory neuron to facilitating interneuron
Sensory neuron to excitatory interneuron
Facilitating interneuron to excitatory interneuron
Sensory neuron to inhibitory interneuron
Sensory neuron to motor neuron
Excitatory interneuron to motor neuron
The correct option is (e) sensory neuron to motor neuron, responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response.
The central nervous system receives the excitation from a sensory neuron that has been stimulated by its nociceptors. Notably, these fibres deliver excitement to the sensory neuron's cell body, which is located in the spinal cord's dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neuron in the dorsal root ganglion transmits excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) to motor neurons and interneurons after receiving the action potential from these fibres.
By releasing neurotransmitters into the central nervous system, the sensory neuron does this. Excited somatic motor neurons contract and depolarize the targeted muscles to complete the withdrawal reflex. The motor neuron, which leaves the spinal cord and enters the peripheral nervous system, is where this depolarization travels.
Therefore, sensory neuron to motor neuron is responsible for the sensitization of the withdrawal response.
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A mature ovum produced from division of a primary oocyte has 18 chromosomes. How many chromatids were present in the primary oocyte during prophase I of meiosis
72 chromatids were present in the present in the primary oocyte during prophase 1 of meiosis.
The primary oocyte contains 72 chromatids during prophase 1 of meiosis as the mature ovum has 18 chromosomes.
The primary oocyte contains 72 chromatids , that means it contains 144 chromosomes. During the first meiotic division, it produces one secondary oocyte and one polar body.
The secondary oocyte has 72 chromatids, which again undergoes second meiotic division and produces mature ovum and second polar body . The mature ovum contains contains 36 chromatids which means it has 18 chromosomes.
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According to the logistic growth model, what happens to a population when the size of the population reaches carrying capacity?
According to logistic growth model environment carrying capacity to capture how growth slows down when a population size become so large so that resources available become limited.
When the population is increases gets larger and approaches the environment carrying capacity, a population first grows exponentially because few resources.In case population reaches the caring capacity , then he ecosystem may became unsuitable for species to survive.
According to logistic growth a population per capital growth gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches at maximum imposed by limited environment resources known as carrying capacity. Exponential growth produce J-shaped curve and logistic growth S- shaped produced .
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The fluid that enters vertebrate nephrons is called the filtrate. What is the source of the filtrate
the source of the filtrate is Loop of Henle.
The Henle loop is surrounded by tissue fluid with a high ion concentration. Osmosis causes water to move out of the descending limb. As a result of the more concentrated filtrate, ions move out of the loop in the thin ascending limb.
The nephron consists of a single long tubule and a ball of capillaries called the glomerulus. Using hydrostatic pressure, plasma is forced through the walls of the glomerulus, becoming filtrate as it crosses, and then collecting within Bowman's capsule. The fluid that enters vertebrate nephrons is called the filtrate.
Which part of the nephron is called the loop of Henle?A million nephrons are the filtering units of the human kidney, which is a complex and highly vascular organ. Each filters water and solutes from the blood that flows through it into the surrounding space and is the cavity between the cup's walls. The other part resembles a U-shaped loop that transports the filtered fluid deep into the medulla.
Functions of NephronThe primary function of the Nephron is to flush out waste products from the blood, which include solid waste and other excesses. This blood is transformed into urine through secretion and excretion.
The nephron, a basic structural unit of the kidney, is a microscopic structure composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
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Desirae touched a plate and it was hot. Which part of her nervous system conveyed this sensory information?
Central part of the nervous system convey the sensory information to thee brain. It is one of 2 parts of nervous system. Sensory nervous system is a pert of nervous system which is responsible for the processing sensory information .
It consist of sensory neurons which includes the sensory receptor cells, neural pathways and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception. It transmitted the signal to nervous system which includes brains and spinal cord.
When nervous system detects and encodes stimuli and then sends signals from receptors that is simple sensory nervous endings. While the high temperature is sensed in the skin , a reflective withdrawal is initiated by the muscles of the arm.
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there are few calls in the vocal communication system of apes, and any particular call is produced only when the animal finds itself in a particular situation. this means that the ape vocal communication systems lack the linguistic design feature of
They communicate with smells, sounds, visual messages, and touching.
Vocal Communication in Primates:Animals frequently communicate through voice. In order to trace the evolutionary roots of our sophisticated communication system, researchers frequently study vocal communication in nonhuman primates (primates) with the goal of detecting similarities and differences between human language and speech. Listeners appear to comprehend the meaning of the sounds made by primates in response to particular occurrences, such as the discovery of a particular predator. Although this form of communication and human referential words appear to be similar on the surface, the mental processes that underpin them may be extremely different.
There is far more disagreement regarding whether the production of ape vocalizations and language share any similarities, despite the fact that generally speaking, the flexibility displayed by primate receivers may exhibit some similarities with humans. It is generally acknowledged that primates, unlike humans, cannot produce novel vocalizations.
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Find the surface area
the surface area of a figure in square units is the number of unit square it takes to cover entire surface without the gas or overlapse if three dimensional figure has + sides the sides called faces the surface area is the total of the area of the faces
what is plant tissue ?
Plant tissue is groups of organized cells of similar structure that perform a collective function.
Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record, it is estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages around __________ mya.
Based on genetic analysis of living primates calibrated by the fossil record, it is estimated that apes and Old World monkeys diverged into separate lineages around 25 mya.
Miocene apes and modern apesThe size of the hands is one way that Miocene primates and modern apes differ.The prehistoric primate genus Sivapithecus, which lived between 23.7 and 5.3 million years ago, is regarded to be the orangutan's closest living relative.Early in the Miocene, primitive catarrhines, apes, and Old World monkeys were confined to Africa, but by the middle and late Miocene, they had expanded to Eurasia as well. Close relatives of living lorises include Nycticeboides and Nycticebus.Proconsul africanus, a species of ape, flourished between 23 and 14 million years ago during the Miocene epoch. It ate fruit, but probably not as much fruit as an ape does now, and had a brain that was larger than a monkey's.
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Drag each circle to the correct location on the image. Each circle can be used more than once, but not all circles will be used.
Geologists have observed that a portion of Africa is breaking away from the main continent. This is happening because the African Plate is in the process of splitting up into two parts. Scientists have named the two new tectonic plates the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate. Both of these plates are not only moving away from each other but also away from the Arabian Plate.
Based on this information, determine the type of boundaries these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate.
In divergent boundaries, plates separate from each other and new crust is created between them. The boundary these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate is the divergent boundary.
What are the three types of boundaries?I. Divergent
A new crust is created by the rising molten materials coming from the mantle.
Two plates separate, and a stream of hot material creates a new seabed between them. It occurs in an expansion of the sea bottom.
As old plates get separated, new and young crust instantaneously gets formed. The emerging mantle occupies the space left by the separation of the two plates.
II. Convergent.
When two plates move forward to each other, they end up colliding and causing the deformation of one or both plates.
Three possible collisions might occur,
• Two oceanic plates might collide ⇒ subduction
• Two continental plates might collide ⇒ obduction
• Oceanic plate and continental plates collide ⇒ Subduction
III. Transforming.
The plates slide laterally with each other, and they are usually called faults.
It is associated, in general, with the oceanic ridge, although it might also occur on the continental plate.
In the exposed example, the African plate is splitting up into two parts, meaning these two parts are separating from each other. A new seabed is created between the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate.
Since these plates are also separating from the Arabian Plate, we can also assume a new seabed is emerging between them.
The boundary these two new plates would share with each other and the Arabian Plate is the divergent boundary. Plates are separating from each other. They are not converging nor sliding.
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Based on the information given, the two new plates (Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate) are moving away from each other, which suggests that they share a divergent boundary. Additionally, both plates are also moving away from the Arabian Plate, which suggests that they share another divergent boundary with the Arabian Plate. Therefore, both the Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate share a divergent boundary with each other and the Arabian Plate.