A 0.5 g of naphthalene (C10H8) is burned in a bomb calorimeter containing 650g of water at an initial temperature of 20oC. After the reaction, the final temperature of the water is 26.4oC. The heat capacity of the calorimeter is 420 J/oC. Using these data, calculate the heat of combustion of naphthalene in kJ/mol.

The limiting reactant, O₂, forms 2.7 mole Al₂O₃. Therefore, the mass of Al₂O₃ is 280 g.

The term mole (M) is defined as the amount of substance in a system which include as many elementary entities as there are atoms present in it. It is denoted by the symbol “mol”. The word mole is coming from the Latin word moles, which means “a mass”.

Molar Mass of Al₂O₃ = 101.96 g/mol

2.7 mole Al₂O₃          101.96 g

------------------------  x  -------------------    

             X                       1 mole

= 280 g Al₂O₃

Thus, The limiting reactant, O₂, forms 2.7 mole Al₂O₃. Therefore, the mass of Al₂O₃ is 280 g.

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Answer:

a process where the products released in one reaction are the stimuli and reactants for another reaction

Explanation:

A chemical reaction is described as a process in which the products promote or spread the reaction, which may accelerate dramatically under certain conditions.

Answer: chain reaction

Explanation: a chain reaction is a series of chemical reactions where the products of the reaction contribute to the reactants of another reaction. as a series of events that are each caused by the previous event. If a trash can falls over and this scares a cat who then jumps and knocks over a glass of water, thats a chain reaction. The trash can fall is the initial event, and the end result is the glass getting knocked over.

164 g is the molar mass of the gas that had passed through.

Effusion is defined as the pace at which a volume changes over time. We apply Graham's Law to determine the rate of gas diffusion. According to this law, the rate of a gas's effusion or diffusion is inversely related to the gas's molar mass squared.

[tex]\frac{Rate Gas 1}{Rate Gas 2}[/tex]=[tex]\frac{ \sqrt{MW gas 2} }{ \sqrt{MW gas 1} }[/tex]

Let gas 1 be Oxygen so  Molar mass = 32 g / mol

Let x be gas 2.  Molar mass = unknown

rate gas 1 = 7.41 ml/unit time

rate gas 2 = 3.47 ml / unit time

So, 7.41 / 3.47 = [tex]\frac{\sqrt{x} }{\sqrt{36} }[/tex]

2.135 = s[tex]\frac{\sqrt{x} }{\sqrt{36} }[/tex]

 [tex]\sqrt{x}[/tex] = 12.81

so, x = 164 = molar mass of unknown gas

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Lystrosaurus and Glossopteris are two pieces of fossil evidence support the idea of continental drift.

One of the geologist's first theories about how continents moved over time was continental drift.  The science of plate tectonics has been largely supplanted the hypothesis of the continental drift. Alfred Wegener has been most closely associated with the continental drift idea. Wegener released a paper in the early twentieth century describing his notion that continental landmasses were "drifting" across the Earth, occasionally ploughing through seas and into one other. He developed the term "continental drift" to describe this process.

Wegener found similarities in the coasts of eastern South America as western Africa and hypothesised that those countries had originally been part of a supercontinent called Pangaea, which had separated and travelled many kilometres away over geologic time. He also mentioned nearly comparable fossil creatures and rock layers that happened on vastly different continents. Colbert discovered Lystrosaurus fossils in the Transantarctic Mountains of Antarctica. Such fossils belonged to something like a species previously discovered in Africa, proving that the world's two most distant continents were formerly linked.

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Answer: C. Lystrosaurus and Glossopteris

Explanation:

The concentration terms are molality, normality and mole fraction. Molarity can be used to find out the ionic strength of any solution. Therefore, the concentration of sulfate ion is 1.15 M.

Molarity can be calculated by dividing number of moles of solute by volume of solution in litre. Molarity is affected by temperature. Its unit is mole/liter. It measure the concentration of any solute in a solution.

K₂SO₄[tex]\rightarrow[/tex]2K⁺ + SO₄²⁻

concentration of potassium sulfate=concentration of potassium ion=concentration of sulfate ion

1.15 M =concentration of potassium ion=concentration of sulfate ion

Therefore, the concentration of sulfate ion is 1.15 M.

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The amount of heat released when 75 g of CH4O reacts is -1705.64 kJ.

The equation given is the balanced equation for the combustion of methanol (CH4O) with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H20). The value of ΔΗ given (-726 kJ) is the enthalpy change for the reaction, which represents the amount of heat released or absorbed when the reaction occurs.

To calculate the amount of heat released when 75 g of CH4O reacts, we need to use the equation: q = n x ΔΗ where,

We know that the molar mass of CH4O is 32.04 g/mol, so we can convert 75 g to moles using the following formula: n = m/M where,

So, n = 75 / 32.04 = 2.34 moles

Using this value of n in the equation above, we can calculate the heat released as q = 2.34 x -726 = -1705.64 kJ

Therefore, -1705.64 kJ of heat is released when 75 g of CH4O reacts.

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A proposed explanation for an observation is theory. Option C is the correct answer.

This refers to a carefully articulated explanation for observations of the natural world that have been arranged using the scientific method, gathering many facts and hypotheses.

A proposed explanation for an observation is a statement or theory that attempts to explain or account for an observation. It is a possible explanation for a phenomenon and is often based on available evidence, research, and data. It may be tested and refined through further observation and experimentation to determine its accuracy and validity.

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1,3-dichloro-2-butene and 1,1-dichloro-1-butene.Geometrical isomerism, also known as cis-trans isomerism, occurs when a molecule has two or more  structural isomers that differ in the spatial arrangement of the atoms.

Cis-trans isomerism is only possible when the molecule has at least one carbon-carbon double bond. In this type of isomerism, the two isomers differ in the orientation of the substituent groups around the double bond.  1,3-dichloro-2-butene and 1,1-dichloro-1-butene both contain a carbon-carbon double bond and are therefore capable of geometrical isomerism. 1,4-dichlorobenzene does not contain a carbon-carbon double bond and therefore is not capable of geometrical isomerism. 4,5-dimethyl-2-pentyne also does not contain a carbon-carbon double bond and is therefore not capable of geometrical isomerism.

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Almost all of the oxygen (O2) one consumes in breathing is converted to: b. carbon dioxide (CO2).

When we breathe in oxygen, it is used in cellular respiration, which is the process by which our body converts glucose and oxygen into energy in the form of ATP. In the process, the oxygen is combined with the hydrogen atoms from glucose to form water, and the carbon atoms from glucose are converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) as a waste product. Therefore, almost all of the oxygen that one consumes in breathing is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2).Breathing is the process by which an organism takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide. In humans and other mammals, this process is accomplished through the respiratory system, which includes the nose, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. When we inhale, air is drawn into the lungs through the nose or mouth, passing through the trachea and bronchi before reaching the alveoli, which are small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

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Geologists use rock samples including sedimentary rocks as direct evidence and seismic waves as indirect evidence.

They are the types of rocks which are formed as a result of accumulation of minerals or organic particles at the surface of the earth.Sedimentation is the name given to a collective process which cause the particles to settle.

The study of sedimentary rocks is useful in civil engineering and as important sources of coal, fossil fuels and ores.The color of sedimentary rock is often determined by iron content and sometimes due to the presence of organic matter.

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P4O10(s) + H2O(l) --> H3PO4(aq)

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Energy released in the reaction in which a proton fuses with a neutron to form a deuterium nucleus is calculated as 2.234 MeV.

In fusion reaction, two light nuclei merge to form single heavier nucleus. The process releases energy because total mass of the resulting single nucleus is less than the mass of two original nuclei. And the leftover mass becomes energy.

form a deuterium nucleus: 1^1H+0^1n⟶1^2H+γ The masses are 1^1H(1.0078u) 0^1n(1.0087u) and 1^2H(2.0141u) the γ -ray photon is massless.

Δm= 1.0078 +1.0087- 2.0141

Energy released = 2.4*10^-3 * 931 MeV

= 2.234 MeV

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Energy is released when glycolysis occurs, and this energy is utilized to create four molecules of ATP. As a result, glycolysis produces a net gain of two ATP molecules.

The metabolic mechanism that transforms glucose to pyruvate is known as glycolysis. This free energy is utilized to create the high-energy molecules adenosine triphosphate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Glycolysis is a series of 10 enzyme-catalyzed processes. The initial stage in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism is glycolysis. Glycolysis is divided into two phases: energy-requiring and energy-releasing. Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose to create energy. It generates two pyruvate molecules, ATP, NADH, and water. The process occurs in a cell's cytoplasm and does not require oxygen. It can be found in aerobic and anaerobic organisms.

Here,

When glycolysis happens, energy is released, and this energy is used to build four molecules of ATP. As a result of this, glycolysis generates a net gain of two ATP molecules.

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Equilibrium constant K= 44.8 for H₂ + I₂ → 2HI Equimolar reactants, HI = 0.50M, H₂ = 5.6×10⁻³ M. The correct option is e.

given equilibrium constant (K) and the equilibrium concentration of the product HI = 0.50M

balanced equation for the reaction

H₂ + I₂ → 2HI

K =[tex]\frac{HI^{2} }{[H_{2][I_{2}] } }[/tex]

K=44.8 and [HI]=0.50M

[H₂] = [tex]\frac{[HI]^{2} }{K}[/tex]

[H₂] =[tex]\frac{(0.50M)^{2} }{44.8}[/tex]

[H₂] ≈0.0056M

equilibrium concentration of hydrogen is 0.0056M sa per the given reaction.

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0.002 liters of 225 M Na2S solution is required to completely react with 81.8 g Fe(C2H3O2)3

Starting from the balanced equation of the reaction and the molar mass of iron (III) acetate (Fe(C2H3O2)3, first the reacting moles of this compound are determined, then the amount of reacting moles of sodium sulfide (Na2S) is determined and finally the amount of solution that contains said amount of moles.

3Na2S + 2Fe(C2H3O2)3 → 6NaC2H3O2 + Fe2S3

This determination is made in three steps:

If 233.00 g of Fe(C2H3O2)3 is equivalent to 1 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3

So 81. 8 g Fe(C2H3O2)3 equals x mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3

X mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 = 81. 8 g Fe(C2H3O2)3 x 1 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 / 233.00 g of Fe(C2H3O2)3

X mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 = 0.351 mol

If 2 moles of Fe(C2H3O2)3 react with 3 moles of Na2S

Then 0.351 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 reacts with x mol of Na2S

X mol of Na2S = 0.351 mol Fe(C2H3O2)3 x 3 mol of Na2S / 2 mol of Fe(C2H3O2)3 = 0.526 mol

If there are 225 moles of Na2S in 1 liter of solution

So there are 0.526 moles of Na2S in x liter of solution.

X liter of solution = 0.526 mol of Na2S x 1 liter of solution / 225 mol of Na2S = 0.0023 liters, that is, 2.3 ml

Therefore, 0.0023 liters of 225M Na2S solution is required.

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Answer:

Stomata

Explanation:

Stomata are epithelial cell structures found in tree leaves and needles that help promote plant growth and exchange carbon dioxide and water with the surrounding environment.

Stomata are tiny holes in the epidermis of leaves.

Stomata allow for gaseous exchange as well (oxygen and carbon dioxide).

Newton's law of motion that act upon the vehicles at the point of impact is the second law of motion.

Newton's second law of motion states that the force applied to an object is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum that is produced. Mathematically, we have;

F = m·v - m·u/Δt

Where;

m = The mass of the object

v = The final velocity of the object

u = The initial velocity of the object

Δt = The duration of motion of the object during change in velocity

Therefore, given that the mass, 'M', of the truck is larger than the mass, 'm', of the minivan, where the time of change in velocity Δt, and the initial and final velocities of both automobiles are the same such as in a sudden stop, the garbage ruck will exert more force than the minivan, and therefore, the garbage truck has a greater initial momentum before the automobiles are brought to a stop.

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The planes of cleavage that the mineral have is 1 as the mineral name is Muscovite mica.

The crystal lattice structure of a mineral affects its propensity to split or break along flat planar faces, or cleavage. These 2D surfaces, also known as cleavage planes, are produced by the alignment of atoms in the crystal structure or lattice through relatively weak connections.

The mineral depicted in the image is called "Muscovite mica," and it has layers that seem like flat sheets. Muscovite mica is far more likely to break along the layers because it only has weakly bonded potassium ions. There is just one ideal cleavage plane as a result. This cleavage is evident in the capacity to peel mica sheets.

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The robber is driving at a constant velocity of 90 mph and is not accelerating/decelerating, which means their acceleration is 0 mph/sec.

A vector quantity that has magnitude and direction is velocity. In time, it is the rate at which the displacement changes. You can calculate speed using the formula speed = distance/time. This is a way of measuring how fast something is moving in a particular direction. Acceleration, or the rate at which an object's velocity changes, is closely related to velocity. As a vector quantity, velocity has both direction and magnitude. To maintain constant velocity, the object must be moving in the same direction at a constant velocity.

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The complete question is as follows:

A bank robber is driving north on Catchem Lane at 90 mph to avoid be arrested. Calculate:

Speed

Velocity

Acceleration

The compound below that would contain polar covalent bonds is : B. N2O only .

Polar covalent bond is a covalent bond in which electron density is unevenly shared between the two bonded atoms, due to the difference in electronegativity or due to the inductive effects.

An example of a polar bond is the bond in water between hydrogen and oxygen and bond is classified as polar bond because it has a large electronegativity difference of 1.4. Electrons in hydrogen are more attracted to the electrons in oxygen as oxygen is more electronegative.

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Atoms are basically the smallest units of matter. They are made up of  protons, neutrons and electrons.

The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements which are organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties. The periodic table lists the elements in order of increasing atomic number and grouped into rows (periods) and columns (groups). The elements in the same column have similar chemical properties, with the elements in the same row having similar outer electron configurations.

Atom X: Number of protons = 6

Atom Y: Number of protons = 6

b. Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family; but not the same row; in the periodic table.

Hence, Option B is correct.

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The question is:

Question 3 (5 points) (02.06 MC) The table compares some characteristics of two atoms_ Charged Particles Atom Number 0f Neutrons Mass Number] Use the table t0 determine the number of protons for each atom: Then_ choose the statement below that Is true about the two atoms_ points) Atom X and Atom are in the same row; but not the same family; on the periodic table Atoms X and Atom Y are in the same family; but not the same row; in the periodic table; Atom Xis in a column to the right of Atom Y in the periodic table: Atom X and Atom occupy the same position in the periodic table because they are isotopes.

Answer:

a) red, blue, and violet

b) orange, yellow, and green

C) red, orange, and yellow

D) blue, indigo, and violet​

A 10.150 grams sample of a compound containing only phosphorus and oxygen which indicates a phosphorus content of 4.433 grams has the empirical formula P₂O₅.

An Empirical formula is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of different atoms present in the molecule of a compound.

given,

mass of the unknown compound= 10.150 g

mass of phosphorus= 4.433 g

therefore, mass of oxygen

=mass of the unknown compound -  mass of phosphorus

=10.150-4.433 g

=5.717 g

we know that

molar mass of oxygen = 16 g/mol

molar mass of phosphorus = 31 g/mol

number of moles of oxygen

=mass/molar mass

=5.717g/16gmol⁻¹

=0.357

number of moles of phosphorus

= mass/molar mass

= 4.433g/31gmol⁻¹

=0.143

Now, we will divide the moles by the smallest number of moles (0.143)

O= 0.357 / 0.143 =2.49≈ 2.5

P= 0.143 /0.143 = 1

now, we will multiply both numbers by 2 to get the simplest whole number ratio

O= 2.5×2= 5

P= 1×2= 2

Thus, the empirical formula is P₂O₅.

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The balloon has a capacity of 0.7 L after being heated to 250°C.

We utilize the Charles' Law equation to determine the system's ultimate volume. According to this rule, the volume of a gas under constant pressure is precisely proportional to its temperature.

Mathematically,

V1/T1 = V2/T2

where,

V1 and T1 are the gas's starting volume and temperature.

V2 and T2 are the gas's ultimate volume and temperature.

We receive:

V1 = 0.4L

T1 = 20.C = (20 + 273)K = 293K

V2=?

T2 = 250.C = (250 + 273)K + 523)K

Using the values in the equation above, we obtain:

0.4/293 = V2/523

V2 = 0.7L.

As a result, the balloon has a capacity of 0.7 L after being heated to 250°C.

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Thermal energy always moves from higher energy area to lower energy area over a temperature gradient.

Thermal energy is a form of energy by virtue of temperature of a body. As the temperature of a body increase its thermal energy increases. Thermal energy or heat energy transfers though medium and vacuum from higher energy area to lower energy area.

Heat transfer can be through conduction in solids, convection in fluids and by radiation through space. In conduction, the thermal energy easily transfers through a chain of close packed molecules.

In all these mode of heat transfer heat energy is flowing from a hotter region to a colder region.

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Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, 2.66 mole of Al[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex] form when 4.0 mol O[tex]_2[/tex] reacts.

The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity or amount of substance. We know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number. The stoichiometry represents the number of moles.

4AI + 3O[tex]_2[/tex]→ 2Al[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex]

moles of  Al =6.0 mol

moles of  O[tex]_2[/tex]=4.0 mol

Since oxygen is limiting reagent

moles of Al[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex]=2/3×4.0

                       =2.66 mole

Therefore, 2.66 mole of Al[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex] form when 4.0 mol O[tex]_2[/tex] reacts.

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Propane gas (C3H8) is ignited. Type of reaction combustion ignition.

[tex]C_3H_8(g)+5O_2(g) < = > 3CO_2(g)+4H_2O(l)[/tex] Balanced chemical equation.

A chemical equation is said to be balanced if the quantity of each type of atom in the reaction is the same on both the reactant and product sides. In a balanced chemical equation, the mass and the change are both equal.

The parent chain is the longest chain of carbon atoms that contains the double bond. Its name has the same stem as an alkane with the same number of carbon atoms, but it is designated as an alkene by adding the suffix -ene. Propene is the resultant chemical, CH2=CHCH3.

In accordance with the Law of Conservation of Mass, mass cannot be generated or destroyed in a chemical reaction. A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of each element on the left and right sides of the reaction.

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Answer:

joules.

Explanation:

A measure of the total internal heat content.

which could be exothermic or endothermic

The acceleration of the mass is 8.0 m/s² when an unbalanced 16.0 N force is applied to a 2.0 kg mass.

To calculate the acceleration of the mass, we can use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma).

We know that the force acting on the object is 16.0 N, and the mass of the object is 2.0 kg. So, we can use the equation to solve for the acceleration:

a = F ÷ m

where, a = acceleration, F = force (16.0 N), m = mass (2.0 kg)

So,

a = 16.0 N ÷ 2.0 kg = 8.0 m/s²

Therefore, the acceleration of the mass is 8.0 m/s²

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