8. How does Roosevelt achieve his measured response to what was obviously a sense of urgency in the letter to which he is responding

Mao Zedong's beliefs about communist uprisings differ from Vladimir Lenin's as Mao believed the revolution would start with rural peasants. Lenin believed the revolution would start with urban labourers. The correct option is b.

Mao Zedong was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China which he led as the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party from the establishment of the PRC in 1949 until his death in 1976.

Ideologically a Marxist–Leninist, his theories, military strategies, and political policies are collectively known as Maoism. Mao was the son of a prosperous peasant in Shaoshan, Hunan. He supported Chinese nationalism and had an anti-imperialist outlook early in his life, and was particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919.

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Many topics that had remained unclear throughout the early church and the Middle Ages were resolved at the Council of Trent, such as the precise number and nature of the sacraments, the veneration of saints and relics, purgatory, the power of the pope, and the use of indulgences.

Three things came out of the Council of Trent: it established a statement of faith and the primacy of the papacy; it denounced the Protestant notion of justification by faith; and it rejected the Protestant view that Scripture alone is sufficient.

The Trent Council adopted measures to impose harsh discipline on Church authorities. Church offices were not sold anymore. It criticised and outlawed the sale of indulgences. It was planned to launch seminars to provide education.

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As men in the Confederacy went off to war, the burden of managing plantations and farms fell most heavily on enslaved Africans and African American women.

During the American Civil War, many men in the Confederacy left their homes to fight for the Confederate cause. This left women to take on the responsibility of managing plantations and farms, as well as caring for their families. With their husbands and sons away at war, women were left to handle the day-to-day operations of their homes and farms, often with little or no prior experience. They had to learn to plant and harvest crops, manage livestock, and handle finances. Women also took on additional responsibilities such as nursing the sick and wounded soldiers, making clothing and supplies for the army, and even spying on Union troops. The burden of managing plantations and farms fell most heavily on women, who played a crucial role in keeping the Confederate economy and society functioning during the war.

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The change from hand labor to machine power is known as the Industrial Revolution. The correct answer is option d.

It began in the mid-18th century in Britain and later spread to other parts of Europe and North America.

The Industrial Revolution brought about a shift from manual labor to machine-based manufacturing, which allowed for increased efficiency, productivity, and output. Innovations in power sources, such as the steam engine and water power, enabled factories to operate on a larger scale than ever before.

The Industrial Revolution transformed the economy and social structure of many countries, leading to urbanization, the growth of new industries, and the development of new transportation and communication technologies.

The Industrial Revolution also brought about significant changes in the nature of work, with the rise of wage labor and the separation of work from the home.

The correct answer is option d.

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Complete Question

The change from hand labor to machine power was called the:

a. Crusades

b. Agricultural Revolution

c. American Revolution

d. Industrial Revolution

Answer: Industrial Revolution

Explanation: I took the test

In the 1960s, Latino rights in particular were the focus of the  United Farm Workers.Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta were in charge of this organization, which worked to improve wages and working conditions for Latino farm workers.

The United Farm Workers primarily focused on Latino rights in the 1960s. During the African American struggle for full citizenship, the fight for civil rights in the United States was without a doubt at its most prominent. However, in the 1960s, more work was done to protect the rights of other minorities who had been denied employment and educational opportunities due to legal discrimination or other forms of access denial.

Mexican Americans looked for political strengthening and social consideration through the Mexican American Development, which was a part of the American Social liberties Development during the 1960s and 1970s.

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The component of this artwork shows the impact of the Byzantines on Renaissance workmanship iconoclasm.

The option (D) is correct.

The Byzantine style dismissed the sensible types of traditional Roman craftsmanship for profoundly stylized, leveled plans. At its pinnacle, the time was characterized by lengthened figures with rakish appearances, situated face-on against luxurious, gold foundations. the Byzantine Realm is the conservation of Greek and Roman progress

Byzantine Craftsmanship (fourth - fifteenth century CE) is for the most part portrayed by a create some distance from the naturalism of the Old style custom towards the more conceptual and general, there is a clear inclination for two-layered portrayals, and those fine arts which contain a strict message prevail.

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Answer:

Peter the Great

Explanation:

Peter the Great was responsible for consolidating Russia's gains in the early 1700s and in making a European-style state out of the loosely knit country.

Peter the Great ruled from 1682 until his death in 1725 and is known for his efforts to modernize Russia and bring it into line with Western European countries.

Peter implemented a number of sweeping reforms during his reign, including changes to the military, the economy, and the social structure of Russia.

Some of Peter's most notable achievements include the creation of a standing army, the introduction of new manufacturing techniques, and the establishment of a centralized administrative system that was modeled on European models.

He also implemented reforms aimed at modernizing Russia's education system and promoting the spread of new scientific and technological ideas.

Overall, Peter the Great is widely regarded as one of Russia's greatest rulers, and his legacy is still felt in Russia today. His efforts to modernize and Westernize Russia helped to lay the foundations for Russia's rise as a great power in the centuries that followed.

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The Texans defeated the army of Mexican General and President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. This battle took place on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County, Texas.

The Texans, led by General Sam Houston, surprised the Mexican forces during their afternoon siesta and launched a surprise attack. The battle lasted only 18 minutes, and the Texans emerged victorious. This battle is considered to be one of the most significant battles in American history as it resulted in the capture of Santa Anna and led to the independence of Texas from Mexico. The Texans' victory at San Jacinto was a turning point in the Texas Revolution and led to the establishment of the Republic of Texas. The battle cry "Remember the Alamo!" was used during the battle as the Texans avenged the deaths of those who had died in the Alamo just a few weeks earlier. The Battle of San Jacinto is celebrated as a Texas holiday, and its significance is recognized worldwide as a critical moment in the fight for Texas's independence.

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Texans defeated the army of Mexican General and President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the battle of ________. Group of answer choices San Jacinto. The Alamo. Veracruz. Chapultepec. select one.

During the latter half of the 20th century, leaders in China as well as other industrialized nations challenged the views presented by Mao in that they sought to adopt more market-oriented economic policies and move away from the centralized control of the economy that Mao had championed.

In China, this shift began in the late 1970s with the implementation of economic reforms under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping. These reforms, which became known as "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," aimed to modernize the economy and open it up to foreign investment while still maintaining the Communist Party's political control.

In other industrialized nations, such as the United States and Western Europe, the latter half of the 20th century was marked by a shift towards neoliberal economic policies that emphasized free markets, deregulation, and privatization.

This shift was driven in part by a belief that government intervention in the economy was inefficient and ineffective, and that markets could allocate resources more efficiently.

Overall, the latter half of the 20th century saw a broad-based shift away from the state-led economic models that had been dominant in the early part of the century, towards more market-oriented approaches that emphasized individual choice, private enterprise, and economic growth.

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In the aftermath of the revolution of 1911, Chinese warlords did not wish to restore the controversial opium trade. In fact, many warlords profited from the opium trade and saw it as a key source of revenue.

Additionally, foreign powers, particularly Britain, had a vested interest in maintaining the opium trade, as it was a major source of profits for British merchants. Despite efforts by the Chinese government to crack down on the opium trade, including the establishment of the Anti-Opium Bureau in 1906, the trade continued to thrive, particularly in areas under the control of warlords. It was not until the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 that the government was able to successfully eradicate the opium trade through a combination of enforcement, education, and treatment programs.

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Answer:

All of the above

Explanation:

The Black Death caused so much death and devastation because it spread quickly and easily through fleas on rats, which were common in crowded cities. Additionally, there was little knowledge of medicine and sanitation at the time, making it difficult to contain the disease.

Although they managed to create a highly advanced culture and society, they did not establish an empire like some other ancient civilizations because Geography, Culture, Technology and Environmental limitations.

The seafaring Polynesians settled on numerous islands and archipelagos around the enormous Pacific Ocean.

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The author whose writings applied the revolutionary doctrines of the rights of men to include women was C. Mary Wollstonecraft.

She was an influential writer, philosopher, and advocate for women's rights during the late 18th century. Wollstonecraft's most famous work, "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" (1792), is considered one of the earliest and most significant feminist texts.

In this groundbreaking work, Wollstonecraft argued that women, like men, should have access to education, opportunities, and political rights. She contended that society treated women as second-class citizens, limiting their potential and fostering dependence on men. Wollstonecraft's writing was a response to the popular notion at the time that women were inferior to men, and her advocacy for gender equality was revolutionary.

Unlike Millicent Fawcett, who focused primarily on women's suffrage and political equality, or Emmeline Pankhurst, who led the militant British suffragette movement, Wollstonecraft took a broader approach to women's rights. Virginia Woolf, on the other hand, was a modernist writer who addressed women's issues in her novels but did not specifically advocate for women's rights in the same way as Wollstonecraft.

In conclusion, Mary Wollstonecraft's work significantly impacted the women's rights movement by applying the revolutionary doctrines of the rights of men to include women. Her ideas paved the way for later feminists and contributed to the gradual progress of gender equality in society. Therefore, option C is correct.

The question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :

The author whose writings applied the revolutionary doctrines of the rights of men to include women was

a. Millicent Fawcett.

b. Emmeline Pankhurst.

c. Mary Wollstonecraft.

d. Virginia Wolfe.

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The Treaty of Greenville was a crucial step towards building positive relations between Native Americans and white settlers in the early years of the United States.

The Treaty of Greenville was signed on August 3, 1795, between the United States government and the leaders of several Native American tribes, including the Shawnee, Miami, and Delaware. The treaty marked the end of the Northwest Indian War, a conflict that had been ongoing between Native Americans and white settlers in the Ohio River Valley.

Under the terms of the treaty, the Native American tribes ceded a large portion of their land to the United States, including much of present-day Ohio. In exchange, the U.S. government agreed to pay the tribes an annual sum of money and provide them with goods and services.

The Treaty of Greenville was significant because it helped to establish a new relationship between the United States government and Native American tribes. Prior to the treaty, conflicts between Native Americans and white settlers had often been violent and deadly, with both sides engaging in acts of aggression and retaliation.

By negotiating a peaceful settlement, the U.S. government demonstrated a willingness to work with Native American tribes and recognize their sovereignty. It also helped to establish clear boundaries between Native American lands and white settlements, reducing the likelihood of future conflicts.

Overall, the Treaty of Greenville was a crucial step towards building positive relations between Native Americans and white settlers in the early years of the United States. While there would still be many challenges and conflicts in the years to come, the treaty laid the foundation for a more peaceful and cooperative future.

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Answer:

Constantine completely altered the relationship between the church and the imperial government, thereby beginning a process that eventually made Christianity the official religion of the empire. Many new converts were won, including those who converted only with the hope of advancing their careers.

Explanation:

The textbook suggests that Constantine's most important act as a pro-Christian emperor was convening the Nicene Council because this council played a crucial role in shaping the future of Christianity by resolving a number of theological disputes that had been simmering within the Church for several decades.

The council was convened in 325 CE in the city of Nicaea, and was attended by more than 300 bishops from across the Roman Empire.

At the council, the bishops debated a number of key issues, including the nature of the Trinity, the relationship between Jesus and God the Father, and the proper date for celebrating Easter.

The council ultimately produced the Nicene Creed, a statement of faith that affirmed the doctrine of the Trinity and declared that Jesus was "begotten, not made" and "of one substance with the Father."

The decisions made at the Nicene Council had significant implications for the future of Christianity. By establishing the doctrine of the Trinity, the council provided a framework for understanding the relationship between God the Father, Jesus, and the Holy Spirit, and set the stage for further developments in Christian theology.

The council's decisions also helped to unify the Church and to establish a more formalized hierarchy of bishops and clergy.

Overall, the Nicene Council was a key moment in the history of Christianity, and its decisions continue to shape the beliefs and practices of Christians around the world today.

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The system in which multiple villages are allied under the control of one paramount leader in Polynesia is known as a chiefdom.

In this system, the paramount leader, who is often a hereditary chief, has authority over a group of villages that are considered to be part of their domain. These villages are often led by their own chiefs, who are subordinate to the paramount leader.
The paramount leader is responsible for maintaining order, settling disputes between villages, and representing the group as a whole in dealings with other chiefdoms. They may also have the power to organize labor and distribute resources, such as land and food, among the villages. In return for their leadership, the paramount leader is typically entitled to receive tribute, which can take the form of goods, services, or labor.
Overall, the chiefdom system is characterized by a hierarchical social structure, in which power and authority are centralized in the hands of a single leader. While this system can be effective in maintaining stability and social cohesion, it can also be prone to conflict and competition between chiefs vying for power within the group.

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A feature of this example suggests it is from the early part of the Medieval period. That feature is Monophonic texture.

Similar to the post-classical period of world history, the Middle Ages or mediaeval period, often known as mediaeval or mediaeval, roughly spanned Europe's history from the late 5th to the late 15th century. The Western Roman Empire's collapse marked the beginning, and the Renaissance and Age of Discovery followed.

The three traditional divisions of Western history—classical antiquity, the mediaeval period, and the modern period—are divided into the Middle Ages. The Early, High, and Late Middle Ages are three distinct time periods within the mediaeval era. The Middle Ages span the era of European history from the Renaissance to the fall of Roman civilization in the fifth century CE.

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Complete question: Fill in the blanks. A feature of this example suggests it is from the early part of the Medieval period. That feature is ________.

The Indian Removal Act marked a shift in the federal government's policy towards American Indians from one of coexistence and recognition of tribal sovereignty to a policy of forced relocation and assimilation.

The Indian Removal Act led to the displacement of thousands of Native Americans from their ancestral lands, resulting in immense suffering, loss of lives, and the disruption of tribal cultures and communities.

The act empowered the federal government to negotiate treaties with Native American tribes for their removal. These treaties were often coercive and unfair, with tribes facing pressure to give up their lands.

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Answer:

Reports of the Mongol attacks terrified Europe. The Mongols increased their empire using swift and decisive attacks with an armed and disciplined cavalry. They wiped out the populations of some entire towns that resisted, as was their usual policy, depopulating some regions and confiscating the crops and livestock from others. This type of total warfare spread panic even among Europeans not directly affected by the Mongol onslaught and sent refugees fleeing westward.

Perhaps even more importantly, the Mongol conquest of central Asia and Eastern Europe allowed a deadly disease—the bubonic plague—to travel from its home range in western China and Mongolia to Europe along newly-restored trade routes.

Explanation:

Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union to reform and revitalize the country's economy and political system.

Gorbachev recognized that the Soviet Union was facing significant challenges and was in need of major reforms to modernize and compete with other countries. Glasnost, meaning openness, aimed to increase transparency in the government and media, allowing citizens to speak more freely and openly about their concerns. Perestroika, meaning restructuring, sought to reform the Soviet economy by introducing elements of free-market capitalism and encouraging private enterprise.

Gorbachev hoped that by implementing these policies, he could revive the Soviet economy and political system, improving the standard of living for Soviet citizens and increasing the country's global competitiveness. While these reforms ultimately led to the collapse of the Soviet Union, they represented a significant effort to transform the country and address its deep-seated problems.

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During the Cold War era, the United States and the Soviet Union were hesitant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because of their is a major risk of global nuclear catastrophe in direct military at the time of cold war.

Due to the significant risk of a worldwide nuclear war during the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union were reluctant to engage in armed conflict. The relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union was not as good as it had been during the previous hot war. Different ideologies drive the relationship between the two nations. economic and political factors.

This has led to a shift over time from cautious cooperation to frequently ferocious superpower rivalry. During the Cold War era, the United States and the Soviet Union were hesitant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because of their is a major risk of global nuclear catastrophe in direct military at the time of cold war.

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The First World War had a profound and lasting impact on global culture during the period 1918 to 1939. One of the most significant cultural effects of the war was the emergence of a new literary and artistic movement known as Modernism.

Modernism was a reaction to the traditional values and cultural norms that had dominated Western society before the war. The devastation and trauma of the conflict had shattered people's belief in progress, reason, and order, and artists and writers began to experiment with new forms and styles of expression that reflected this sense of disillusionment.

In literature, Modernist writers such as James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and T.S. Eliot rejected traditional narrative techniques and explored new forms of storytelling that were fragmented, non-linear, and often highly subjective. They also focused on exploring the inner lives of their characters, rather than simply describing their external actions.

In art, Modernist painters such as Pablo Picasso, Wassily Kandinsky, and Georges Braque abandoned traditional representational styles and embraced abstraction, using color, form, and texture to create new ways of representing the world.

Overall, Modernism represented a profound shift in cultural values and aesthetics, and its influence continued to be felt long after the end of the First World War.

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"The TWO claims that Henry Wallace makes about why the Truman Doctrine will not be successful are -

The Truman Doctrine is an Ameri-can foreign policy that pled-ges American "support for democracies again-st authoritarian threats." With the Truman Doct-rine, President Harry S. Tru-man established that the United States wou-ld provide political, military & economic assistance to all demo-cratic nations under threat from exter-nal or internal author-itarian forces.

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Between 1967 and 2012, union membership in the United States experienced a significant decline and income inequality increased.

Between 1967 and 2012, union membership in the United States experienced a significant decline, while income inequality increased. In 1967, approximately 28% of U.S. workers were union members, while in 2012, the number had dropped to around 11%. This decline can be attributed to a number of factors, including the globalization of the economy, the decline of manufacturing jobs, and the rise of anti-union sentiment among some employers and policymakers.

Meanwhile, income inequality has been on the rise since the late 1970s. The top 1% of earners in the United States have seen their incomes skyrocket, while the incomes of the bottom 50% have stagnated or even declined in real terms. This trend has been driven by a number of factors, including changes in the tax code, the decline of labor unions, and the increasing role of technology in the economy.

It is worth noting that there is a correlation between union membership and income inequality. Research has shown that in countries with higher levels of union membership, income inequality tends to be lower. This is because unions can negotiate higher wages and benefits for their members, which can help to reduce the gap between the top earners and the rest of the workforce.

Overall, the decline of union membership in the United States has been a contributing factor to the rise in income inequality over the past several decades. However, there are many other factors at play, and addressing income inequality will require a comprehensive approach that takes into account the many complex economic and social factors that contribute to this problem.
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Latin American countries experienced political instability in the first half of the 19th century due to factors such as colonial legacy, weak institutions, regionalism, and power struggles among elites.

The colonial legacy left these countries with social and economic inequality, which fueled tensions. Additionally, newly formed governments struggled to establish effective institutions, leading to weak rule of law and corruption.

Regionalism further fragmented these countries, as different regions vied for power and autonomy. Lastly, power struggles among elites created conflict and instability, hindering the establishment of stable governments.

Another factor was the weakness of institutional structures in these countries. Newly-formed governments struggled to establish effective institutions, leading to weak rule of law and corruption.

This made it difficult for these countries to build stable and legitimate political systems, leading to frequent changes in government and the frequent breakdown of the rule of law.

Regionalism was also a significant factor in the political instability of Latin America in the first half of the 19th century. The different regions within these countries had distinct cultures and histories, and often competed for power and autonomy.

This competition made it difficult to establish a coherent national identity and a stable political system that could represent the interests of the whole country.

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The first effective medications for severe psychotic disorders were developed in the B. 1950s.

During this time, a major breakthrough occurred in the treatment of psychiatric conditions with the introduction of antipsychotic medications. These medications, also known as neuroleptics, significantly improved the management of symptoms associated with severe psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.

Prior to the 1950s, treatment options for psychotic disorders were limited and often ineffective. The discovery of chlorpromazine, the first antipsychotic medication, in 1952 revolutionized the field of psychiatry. This drug helped reduce hallucinations, delusions, and agitation in patients with schizophrenia, allowing them to lead more stable and functional lives. The success of chlorpromazine led to the development of other antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol, further expanding the range of available treatments for severe psychotic disorders.

These advancements in the 1950s transformed the approach to psychiatric care and laid the foundation for modern psychopharmacology. Today, antipsychotic medications remain a crucial component in the management of severe psychotic disorders, enabling individuals to better manage their symptoms and maintain a higher quality of life. Therefore, Option B is correct.

The question was Incomplete, Find the full content below :

The first effective medications for severe psychotic disorders were developed in the:

A. late 19th century

B. 1950s

C. early 20th century

D. the 1990s

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Life for women in the 1950s was characterized by a return to traditional gender roles, where women were expected to focus primarily on domestic duties and raising children.

The idealized image of the "perfect" 1950s woman was popularized through media portrayals such as the TV show "Ozzie and Harriet." Women were expected to be homemakers, caring for their families and making their homes comfortable and welcoming.

Many women felt unfulfilled and restless in these traditional roles and sought greater opportunities for education and employment. Betty Friedan's book "The Feminine Mystique" was a key voice in the emerging feminist movement, which sought to challenge traditional gender roles and create greater opportunities for women in all areas of life.

Despite these challenges, the 1950s saw significant advances in technology, including the rise of the Information Age, with the emergence of computing giants such as IBM.

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The Byzantine empire was heavily influenced by the long-standing traditions of the Roman empire.

This included the use of laws and edicts created by former Roman emperors and the Roman republic. One of the key Byzantine emperors, Justinian I, recognized the need to simplify the existing laws and appointed committees to review and revise the Roman laws and decisions. The goal was to create a unified system of laws that would be easier to understand and apply.
The resulting set of laws, known as the Justinian Code, became a cornerstone of Byzantine law and had a lasting impact on legal systems throughout Europe. The Justinian Code was a comprehensive legal system that covered a wide range of topics, from property rights to criminal law. It was based on Roman law but also drew on other legal systems, including the Greek and Hebrew codes.
One of the key features of the Justinian Code was its emphasis on justice and fairness. It recognized the rights of individuals and sought to ensure that the law was applied equally to all. This was a significant departure from the earlier Roman legal system, which had often favored the wealthy and powerful.
Overall, the Justinian Code was an important development in the history of law and had a profound influence on the legal systems of Europe and beyond. Its emphasis on justice and fairness continues to be an important principle of modern legal systems.

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