The reaction of acetyl chloride with methanol is an example of an acyl substitution reaction. The mechanism of this reaction can be described as follows:
Step 1: Protonation of Acetyl Chloride
Acetyl chloride (CH3COCl) reacts with a proton (H+) from a proton source, such as HCl, to form the acylium ion (CH3CO+).
CH3COCl + H+ → CH3CO+ + Cl-
Step 2: Nucleophilic Attack by Methanol
Methanol (CH3OH) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the acylium ion at the carbonyl carbon atom, leading to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate.
CH3CO+ + CH3OH → CH3COCH3OH+
Step 3: Loss of Protonated Alcohol
The tetrahedral intermediate formed in step 2 is unstable and undergoes elimination of the protonated alcohol to form the acetylated methanol product (CH3COOCH3) and a hydronium ion (H3O+).
CH3COCH3OH+ → CH3COOCH3 + H3O+
Overall, the reaction can be summarized as follows:
CH3COCl + CH3OH → CH3COOCH3 + HCl
In this reaction, acetyl chloride acts as the acylating agent and methanol acts as the nucleophile. The reaction proceeds through an intermediate and the final product is an ester, acetylated methanol. This reaction is widely used in organic synthesis for the preparation of esters
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he distance from Earth to the North Star is about 430 light-years. Which of the following statements describes why scientists use the light-year unit to measure distances in space?
A light-year unit is very small and distances in space are very small.
A light-year unit is very small and distances in space are very large.
A light-year unit is very large and distances in space are very small.
A light-year unit is very large and distances in space are very large.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
because the rest don’t make any sense
A light-year unit is very large and distances in space are very large. Therefore, the correct option is option D.
What is distance?No matter the direction of the journey, distance is the overall path that an item in motion has traveled. Since just the length of the path travelled is calculated as well as the motion's direction is ignored, distance is referred to as a scalar number. The distance can only ever be positive; it can never be 0 or negative.
Displacement generally defined as the overall alteration of an object's location and motion direction. Displacement is recognized as a vector quantity since it takes into consideration both the directions of the motion and the amount of the changing position. Displacement may be zero, positive, or negative. A light-year unit is very large and distances in space are very large.
Therefore, the correct option is option D.
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Which of the following statements is true? According to the Law of Inertia, the Earth will stay in motion because it is already moving. The sun's gravitational pull keeps the Earth from moving in a straight line. The speed of the Earth's motion keeps it from crashing into the sun. All of the above.
Answer:
The Earth will stay in motion because it is already moving.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
Amoeba have the following metabolism.
A. Autotrophic
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a. Autotrophic
describe nucleus of atom
Answer:
the nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons
Magnesium is the limiting reactant in this experiment: Calculate the theoretical yield of MgO for each trial. Determine the percent yield of MgO for each trial. Determine the average percent yield of MgO for both trials.
Answer:
how do u want me to do this
Explanation:
A 250 mL glass of orange juice cantains 22 grams of sugar. How much sugar is in a two liter (2,000 mL) bottle of orange juice?
Answer: 44000 g
Explanation:
For every 250mL of juice, there is 22g of sugar. So for 2000mL,
2000*22g = 44000g of sugar in the bottle of juice
DUE IN 10 MINUTES I WILL MAKE YOU BRAINILIST
Answer:
Ernest Rutherford postulated the nuclear structure of the atom, discovered alpha and beta rays, and proposed the laws of radioactive decay. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908.
Erwin Schrödinger proposed the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which treats electrons as matter waves. ... The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that we can't know both the energy and position of an electron.
hope it helps
Our current model of a chemical bond is to think of it as an electrical interaction between what two parts of an atom
Answer:
Explanation:
It involves the thinking of it as an electrical interaction between the positively charged part of an atom and the negatively charged part as well. Succinctly put, the interaction between the proton of an atom and the electron of an atom.
The relationship between these two sub atomic particles is one of the basis for many chemical bonding, and this is inclusive of all the bonds there exist. Hydrogen, Electrovalent and even Covalent bondings to mention but a few
You're leaving a carnival and you're pumped because a clown just handed you a red, helium- filled balloon. But then, something tragic occurs. You hear the ice cream truck, jump with joy doing a 180 degrees in the air, and you lose grip of your beautiful balloon. Upward it flies as you stare speechless into the sky. Why did this helium balloon fly away instead of falling to the ground like a balloon filled with your breath usually does?
ANSWER ASAP GIVING BRAINLIEST FIVE STARS AND A HEART!!!
Write a paragraph that explains the differences among incandescent, fluorescent, and laser light.
Answer:
An incandescent light bulb works by heating a filament in the bulb. Fluorescent light is a bright light produced by electricity flowing through a tube filled with ionized gas. Fluorescent light bulbs are more energy-efficient than incandescent bulbs.
Explanation:
Which element is less electronegative than silicon (Si)?
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55, followed by Tin at 1.96, Silicon at 1.90 and the least electronegative would be Lead at 1.87.
Answer:
Carbon
Explanation:
Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55, followed by Tin at 1.96, Silicon at 1.90 and the least electronegative would be Lead at 1.87
Now molecules: Choose... molecules of H 2 + Choose... molecules of O 2 → Choose... molecules of H 2 O
Answer:
2 H2 + 1 O2 → 2 H2O
Explanation:
1) What type of molecule is water and why? Show its lewis structure, shape, and
explain what type of compound it is in terms of bond type and symmetry.
2) Which part of the water molecules will attract to the negatively shared balloon
and why? Show how the water molecule aligns itself to the negative part of the
balloon.
(PLeASE HeLP)
Answer:
I DO NOT UNDERSTAND THE QUESTION, BUT THANKS FOR THE COINS/TOKENS!
Explanation:
A chemist determined by measurements that 0.050 moles of tin participated in a chemical reaction. Calculate the mass of tin that participated in the chemical reaction.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Answer:
Explanation:
MM of I2 = 2 (127 g) = 254 g/mol
0.065 mol I2 x 254g I₂/ 1 mol I₂ = 16.5 g I2
What is the Lewis dot diagram for GaF3
Can someone help me
Answer:
View attached image
When talking about the products of photosynthesis, why is it a HUGE issue when a vast amount of the rainforests is dying along with vast acres of forests from fires/deforestation? Remember, we know that this hurts the ecosystems of animals living there, but what else does it effect? Question 5 options: the creation of too much water the creation of oxygen the creation of to much heat the creation of carbon monoxide
Answer:d
Explanation:because im really really sure thats the answer
Fill in the blanks. In this phase, the particles are still in contact, but now move freely past each other. Heating a liquid sample will result in the particles having---- kinetic energy and the temperature of the liquid will ------- until it reaches the point at which there is another phase change, this time to a ------- .
The purpose of mitosis is to produce
A. Sex cells
B. Body cells
C. DNA
BALANCE THE FOLLOWING EQUATION
1.) Sc(C2H3O2)3 + Na3BO3 = NaC2H3O2 + ScBO3
2.) Ba3(PO4)2 + Ca2SiO4 = Ba2SiO4 + Ca3(PO4)2
Answer:
1) Sc(C2H3O2)3 + Na3BO3 = 3 NaC2H3O2 + ScBO3
2) 2 Ba3(PO4)2 + 3 Ca2SiO4 = 3 Ba2SiO4 + 2 Ca3(PO4)2
empirical formula of c8h14
Answer:
C4H7
Explanation:
Empirical formula is defined as the simplest ratios of atoms present in the compound.
The empirical formula for C8H14 is C4H7 as if you multiply each coefficient of C4H7 by 2, it will become C8H14. The chemical name of C8H14 or C4H7 is 1-Methylcycloheptene.
Hence, the correct answer is "C4H7".
what creates an electric current in a battery?
A. Atoms dissolving
B. Metals generating
C. Electrons jumping
D. Liquids moving
Answer:
There's a separate chemical reaction happening at the positive electrode, where incoming electrons recombine with ions taken out of the electrolyte, so completing the circuit. The electrons and ions flow because of the chemical reactions happening inside the battery—usually two of them going on simultaneously.
Explanation:
option (B) is right
Metals used in batteries undergo a chemical reaction with the electrolyte and free the electrons. The flow of electrons produces the electric current.
What is the electrical battery?An electric battery can be described as a source of electric power containing of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections.
The positive terminal of the battery is the cathode and its negative terminal is the anode. The negative terminal can be denoted as the source of electrons that will flow via an external electric circuit to the positive terminal.
A redox reaction transforms high-energy reactants into lower-energy products, and the free-energy difference provides the external circuit as electrical energy.
Each cell of the battery contains two half-cells connected in series by an electrolyte containing metal cations. One half-cell includes an electrolyte and the negative electrode and the other half-cell includes an electrolyte and the positive electrode. Cations are reduced at the cathode, while metal atoms are oxidized at the anode.
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how do humans impact the distribution of minerals?
Answer:
With our modern tools and increased rate of mining industries being built, id say we deal a big impact on mineral exportation.
Explanation:
Which of the following examples is a chemical property?
Answer:
Examples of chemical properties include flammability, toxicity, acidity, reactivity (many types), and heat of combustion. Iron, for example, combines with oxygen in the presence of water to form rust; chromium does not oxidize (Figure 2).
Explanation:
How many moles are in sample containing 2.71 x 10^24 atoms of iron?
Answer:
4.5 moles
Explanation:
One mole is equal to 6.022 x 10^23 atoms
2.71 x 10^24 atoms * 1 mol/ 6.022 x 10^23 atoms = 4.5 moles
Hey I'm Chloe,
Does anyone know How many sides and Octagon has?
I Tried Researching it but Nothing came up.
. ILL GIVE BRAINLY
Why does the top layer of the rainforest receive the most sunlight?
Its tall trees rise above all the other layers.
The plants there have very broad, dark green leaves.
It has many trees and vines.
The trees there are thicker than in the other layers.
Answer:
It has many trees and vines
Explanation:
Answer:it’s tall trees rise above all the other layers
Explanation:
The quiz said so
If you were standing on a beach during the day time, what direction might you feel a
breeze from? Explain why this happens.
Answer:
hi
Explanation:
if your standing in the beach for like in hour and then the temp will start to drop your body heating will start to go down to .
Why Doesn't The Earth Usually Feel Solar Winds?
Answer:
When the solar winds approach the Earth, the magnetosphere (part of the Earth's natural magnetic defenses) deflects/repels most of the charged particles and shields our planet's surface from the winds. Sometimes, however, the magnetosphere isn't strong enough to block the Earth from these winds, so they do hit Earth and may cause catastrophic consequences, such as ruin power grids, cut off telecommunications (cell service/calls), etc.
Hope this helps you out! Have a nice day! :)
How does the temperature of the air change with altitude?
PLS HELP ME THIS IS DUE TODAY BRO ILL BRAINLIST U JUST DO THE ONES U KNOW WAJDHWNDIGB!
Answer: Helium: atomic number 2. EC 2
Neon: atomic number 10. EC 2,8
hydrogen: atomic number 1. EC 1
magnesium: atomic number 12. EC 2,8,2
chlorine: atomic number 17. EC 2,8,7
Aluminum: atomic number 13. EC 2,8,3
Explanation: hope this helped