2. What value did you calculate for the index of refraction of the acrylic block in Part 2? How does your value compare to the accepted value of 1.50? Calculate the percentage error. Different materials have distinct indexes of refraction. Explain how you might identify a material based on experiments like this one. Mention at least one of the difficulties in identifying materials based on their indexes of refraction.

Answer:

Approximately [tex]1.1 \times 10^{4}\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}[/tex] if air friction is negligible.

Explanation:

Let [tex]G[/tex] denote the gravitational cosntant. Let [tex]M[/tex] denote the mass of the earth. Lookup the value of both values: [tex]G \approx 6.67 \times 10^{-11}\; {\rm N\cdot m^{2}\cdot kg^{-2}}[/tex] while [tex]M \approx 5.697 \times 10^{24}\; {\rm kg}[/tex].

Let [tex]m[/tex] denote the mass of the meteor.

Let [tex]v_{0}[/tex] denote the initial velocity of the meteor. Let [tex]r_{0}[/tex] denote the initial distance between the meteor and the center of the earth.

Let [tex]r_{1}[/tex] denote the distance between the meteor and the center of the earth just before the meteor lands.

Let [tex]v_{1}[/tex] denote the velocity of the meteor just before landing.

The radius of planet earth is approximately [tex]6.371 \times 10^{6}\; {\rm m}[/tex]. Therefore:

Note the significant difference between the two distances. Thus, the gravitational field strength (and hence acceleration of the meteor) would likely have changed significant during the descent. Thus, SUVAT equations would not be appropriate.

During the descent, gravitational potential energy ([tex]\text{GPE}[/tex]) of the meteor was turned into the kinetic energy ([tex]\text{KE}[/tex]) of the meteor. Make use of conservation of energy to find the velocity of the meteor just before landing.

Initial [tex]\text{KE}[/tex] of the meteor:

[tex]\displaystyle (\text{Initial KE}) = \frac{1}{2}\, m\, {v_{0}}^{2}[/tex].

Initial [tex]\text{GPE}[/tex] of the meteor:

[tex]\displaystyle (\text{Initial GPE}) &= -\frac{G\, M\, m}{r_{0}}[/tex].

(Note the negative sign in front of the fraction.)

Just before landing, the [tex]\text{KE}[/tex] and the [tex]\text{GPE}[/tex] of this meteor would be:

[tex]\displaystyle (\text{Final KE}) = \frac{1}{2}\, m\, {v_{1}}^{2}[/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle (\text{Final GPE}) &= -\frac{G\, M\, m}{r_{1}}[/tex].
If the air friction on this meteor is negligible, then by the conservation of mechanical energy:

[tex]\begin{aligned}& (\text{Initial KE}) + (\text{Initial GPE}) \\ =\; & (\text{Final KE}) + (\text{Final GPE})\end{aligned}[/tex].

[tex]\begin{aligned}& \frac{1}{2}\, m\, {v_{0}}^{2} - \frac{G\, M\, m}{r_{0}} \\ =\; & \frac{1}{2}\, m\, {v_{1}}^{2} - \frac{G\, M\, m}{r_{1}}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Rearrange and solve for [tex]v_{1}[/tex], the velocity of the meteor just before landing:

[tex]\begin{aligned}{v_{1}} &= \sqrt{\frac{\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\, m\, {v_{0}}^{2} - \frac{G\, M\, m}{r_{0}} + \frac{G\, M\, m}{r_{1}}}{(1/2)\, m}} \\ &= \sqrt{{v_{0}}^{2} - \frac{G\, M}{r_{0}} + \frac{G\, M}{r_{1}}} \\ &= \sqrt{{v_{0}}^{2} - G\, M\, \left(\frac{1}{r_{1}} - \frac{1}{r_{0}}\right)}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Substitute in the values and evaluate:

[tex]\begin{aligned}v_{1} &= \sqrt{{v_{0}}^{2} - G\, M\, \left(\frac{1}{r_{1}} - \frac{1}{r_{0}}\right)} \\ &\approx \sqrt{\begin{aligned}(& 6.5 \times 10^{3}\; {\rm m \cdot s^{-1}}) \\ & - [6.67 \times 10^{-11}\; {\rm N \cdot {m}^{2}\cdot {kg}^{2} \times 5.697\; {\rm kg}}\\ &\quad\quad \times (1 / (6.371 \times 10^{6}\; {\rm m}) - 1 / (1.9371 \times 10^{7}\; {\rm m}))]\end{aligned}} \\ &\approx 1.1 \times 10^{4}\; {\rm m\cdot {s}^{-1}}\end{aligned}[/tex].

(Note that assuming a constant acceleration of [tex]g = 9.81\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-2}}[/tex] would give [tex]v_{1} \approx 1.7\times 10^{4}\; {\rm m\cdot s^{-1}}[/tex], an inaccurate approximation.

Answer:25

Explanation: because higher means less kinetic energ

Answer:

See below.

Explanation:

According to the question, we know that,

work done is given by,  [tex]W=qV[/tex]

and change in kinetic energy is, Δ [tex]KE=W=1=1/2[mv^{2} ][/tex]

therefore equating both the equations we get,

[tex]qV=1/2[mv^{2} ][/tex] ⇒ [tex]V=\frac{mv^{2} }{2q}[/tex]

m= mass of electron =  [tex]9.1*10^{-31} kg[/tex]

q= charge on an electron = [tex]1.6*10^{-19} C[/tex]

v= speed of electron= 700000m/s

substituting the values in the above equation, we get

[tex]V=\frac{9.1*10^{-31} *(700000)^{2} }{2*1.6*10^{-19} } =1.39V[/tex]

(1).  the potential difference that stopped the electron is 1.39 volts.

now the kinetic energy equation is :  2 ways[tex]KE=1/2[mv^{2} ]=\frac{9.1*10^{-31} *700000^{2} }{2} =2.22*10^{-19} J\\[/tex]

or [tex]KE=\frac{2.22*10^{-19} }{1.6*10^{-19} } =1.39eV[/tex]

(2).  the initial kinetic energy of the electron is 1.39eV.

[tex]\\ \rm\rightarrowtail F=-kx[/tex]

[tex]\\ \rm\rightarrowtail F=-20(0.03)[/tex]

[tex]\\ \rm\rightarrowtail F=-0.6N[/tex]

Answer:

The answer should be choice B.

If a person generates about 412005 joules of heat from the body,  the water temperature is mathematically given as

t=21.6296C

Question Parameter(s):

The person is submerged neck-deep into a tub containing 2124 kg of water at 20.9 °C

Generally, the equation for the Heat   is mathematically given as

Heat gained =Heat loess

Thereofore

mw*cw*(t-2160)=1.5*10^5

[tex]t=21.60+\frac{1.5*10^5}{mw*Cw}\\\\t=21.60+\frac{1.5*10^5}{1.2*10^3*4186}[/tex]

t=21.6296C

In conclusion, the tempreature

t=21.6296C

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The amplitude of the wave on the given sinusoidal wave graph is 10 cm.

The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement of a wave. This is the highest vertical position of the wave from the origin.

Amplitude of the wave is calculated as follows;

From the graph, the amplitude of the wave or maximum displacement of the wave is 10 cm.

Thus, the amplitude of the wave on the given sinusoidal wave graph is 10 cm.

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Answer:

M1 would seem to be slower because of a larger mass

x1 = A1 sin ω1 t1        describes the displacement

ω1 / ω2 = ((k1 / k2) / (m1 / m2))^1/2 = (m2 / m1)^1/2  since k's are equal

ω1 / ω2 = 1/2 from graph    (frequency of 2 is greater)

(m1 / m2)^1/2 = ω2 / ω1    from above

m1 / m2 = 2^2 = 4    so m1 would have 4 times the mass of m2

M1 would seem to be slower because of a larger mass

x1 = A1 sin ω1 t1      

ω1 / ω2 = ((k1 / k2) / (m1 / m2))^1/2 = (m2 / m1)^1/2  since k's are equal

ω1 / ω2 = 1/2 from graph   (frequency of 2 is greater)

(m1 / m2)^1/2 = ω2 / ω1   from above

m1 / m2 = 2^2 = 4    so m1 would have 4 times the mass of m2.

The two graphs shown represent the motion of two blocks with different masses, m1 and m2. The blocks are oscillating on identical springs. For the system consisting of the two blocks, the change in the kinetic energy of the system is equal to work done by gravity on the system. For the system consisting of the two blocks, the pulley and the Earth, the change in the total mechanical energy of the system is zero.

The two graphs shown represent the motion of two blocks with different masses, m1 and m2. The blocks are oscillating on identical springs. For the system consisting of the two blocks, the change in the kinetic energy of the system is equal to work done by gravity on the system.

Therefore, M1 would seem to be slower because of a larger mass

x1 = A1 sin ω1 t1      

ω1 / ω2 = ((k1 / k2) / (m1 / m2))^1/2 = (m2 / m1)^1/2  since k's are equal

ω1 / ω2 = 1/2 from graph   (frequency of 2 is greater)

(m1 / m2)^1/2 = ω2 / ω1   from above

m1 / m2 = 2^2 = 4    so m1 would have 4 times the mass of m2.

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Answer:

H = 1/2 g t^2    where t is time to fall a height H

H = 1/8 g T^2   where T is total time in air  (2 t  = T)

R = V T cos θ       horizontal range

3/4 g T^2 = V T cos θ       6 H = R    given in problem

cos θ = 3 g T / (4 V)           (I)

Now t = V sin θ / g     time for projectile to fall from max height

T = 2 V sin θ / g

T / V = 2 sin θ / g

cos θ = 3 g / 4 (T / V)     from (I)

cos θ = 3 g / 4 * 2 sin V / g = 6 / 4 sin θ

tan θ = 2/3      

θ = 33.7 deg

As a check- let V = 100 m/s

Vx = 100 cos 33.7 = 83,2

Vy = 100 sin 33,7 = 55.5

T = 2 * 55.5 / 9.8 = 11.3 sec

H = 1/2 * 9.8 * (11.3 / 2)^2 = 156

R = 83.2 * 11.3 = 932

R / H = 932 / 156 = 5.97        6 within rounding

Answer:

Explanation:

Speed of light v = 3 x 10⁸ m/s

wavelength λ = 8.1 x 10⁻⁸ m

frquency f = v/λ = 3.7 x 10¹⁵ Hz

If a source of light emits photons with a wavelength of 8.1 x 10⁻⁸ meters, then the frequency of the light would be 3.7 × 10¹⁵ Hz, as the wavelength and the frequency of the photon are inversely proportional to each other.

It can be understood in terms of the distance between any two similar successive points across any wave for example wavelength can be calculated by measuring the distance between any two successive crests.

C = λν

As given in the problem if a source of light emits photons with a wavelength of 8.1 x 10⁻⁸ meters, then we have to find out the frequency of the light,

The frequency of the light = 3 × 10⁸ / 8.1 x 10⁻⁸

                                            =3.7 × 10¹⁵ Hz

Thus, the frequency of the light would be 3.7 × 10¹⁵ Hz

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With the use of first and third equation of motion, the distance covered by a T-Rex is 30.51 m

When a body is in linear motion, the body is moving in a straight line. some of the parameters to consider are:

Given that a T-Rex move from 0 m/s to 9 m/s in 6.78 seconds, the distance covered can be found by calculating the acceleration.

Let us use equation 1

V = U + at

9 = 0 + 6.78a

a = 9 / 6.78

a = 1.33 m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]

Now let us use equation 3

[tex]v^{2}[/tex] = [tex]u^{2}[/tex] + 2as

[tex]9^{2}[/tex] = 2 x 1.33 x S

81 = 2.655S

S = 81/2.655

S = 30.51 m

Therefore, the distance covered by a T-Rex is 30.51 m.

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Answer:

[tex]\displaystyle \sqrt{\frac{(5/2)\, (g - a)\, m\, R^{2}}{M^{2}\, a}}[/tex], assuming that the tension in the rope is the only tangential force on the sphere ([tex]g[/tex] denote the gravitational acceleration.)

Explanation:

The forces on the bucket are:

Since the weight of the bucket and the tension from the rope are in opposite directions, the magnitude of the net force would be:

[tex]\begin{aligned} \|\text{Net Force}\| =\; & \|\text{Weight}\| - \|\text{Tension}\| \end{aligned}[/tex].

The upward tension in the rope prevents the bucket from accelerating at [tex]g[/tex] (free fall.) Rather, the bucket is accelerating at an acceleration of only [tex]a[/tex]. The net force on the bucket would be thus [tex]m\, a[/tex].

Rearrange the equation for the net force on the bucket to find the magnitude of the tension in the rope would be:

[tex]\begin{aligned} & \|\text{Tension}\| \\ =\; & \|\text{Weight}\| - \|\text{Net Force}\| \\ =\; & m\, g - m\, a \\ =\; & (g - a)\, m\end{aligned}[/tex].

At a distance of [tex]R[/tex] from the center of the sphere, the tension in the rope [tex](g - a)\, m[/tex] would exert a torque of [tex](g - a)\, m\, R[/tex] on the sphere. If this tension is the only tangential force on this sphere, the net torque on the sphere would be [tex](g - a)\, m\, R\![/tex].

Let [tex]M[/tex] denote the mass of this sphere. The moment of inertia of this filled sphere would be [tex]I = (2/5)\, M^{2}[/tex].

Therefore, the magnitude of the angular acceleration of this sphere would be:

[tex]\begin{aligned}& \|\text{Angular Acceleration}\| \\ =\; & \frac{\|\text{Net Torque}\|}{(\text{Moment of Inertia})} \\ =\; & \frac{(g - a)\, m\, R}{(2/5)\, M^{2}} \end{aligned}[/tex].

The bucket is accelerating at a magnutide of [tex]a[/tex] downwards. The rope around the sphere need to unroll at an acceleration of the same magnitude, [tex]a\![/tex]. The tangential acceleration of the sphere at the surface would also need to be [tex]\! a[/tex].

Since the surface of the sphere is at a distance of [tex]R[/tex] from the center, the angular acceleration of this sphere would be [tex](a / R)[/tex].

Hence the equation:

[tex]\begin{aligned}& \frac{(g - a)\, m\, R^{2}}{(2/5)\, M^{2}} = \|\text{Angular Acceleration}\| = \frac{a}{R} \end{aligned}[/tex].

Solve this equation for [tex]M[/tex], the mass of this sphere:

[tex]\begin{aligned}& \frac{(g - a)\, m\, R^{2}}{(2/5)\, M^{2}} = \frac{a}{R} \end{aligned}[/tex].

[tex]\begin{aligned}M^{2} &= \frac{(g - a)\, m\, R^{2}}{(2/5)\, a} \\ &= \frac{(5/2)\, (g - a)\, m\, R^{2}}{a}\end{aligned}[/tex].

[tex]\begin{aligned}M&= \sqrt{\frac{(5/2)\, (g - a)\, m\, R^{2}}{a}}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Answer: 6067.5 N

Explanation:

Work = Change in Energy. To start, all of the energy is kinetic energy, so find the total KE using: KE = 1/2(m)(v^2). Plug in 1980 kg for m and 15.5 m/s for v and get KE = 237847.5 J.

Now, plug this in for work: Work = Force * Distance; so, divide work by distance to get 6067.5 N.

the x- component of the vector is 36.86 m.

Vectors are quantities that have both magnitude and direcion

To calculate the x-component of the vector, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where;

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence, the x- component of the vector is 36.86 m.

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The frequency of the 5 waves with a length of 4m hit the shore every 2 seconds is 2.5 Hz.

This is the number of cycles completed by a wave in one second. The s.i

unit of frequency is Hert (Hz).

From the question, to calculate the frequency of 5 waves with length of 4 m that hit the shores every 2 seconds, we use the formula below.

Formula:

Where:

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Hence, The frequency of the wave is 2.5 Hz.

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Answer: a = 0.647 m/s^2

Explanation:

Acceleration = change in speed / time → a = 22 / 34 → a = .647 m/s^2

The miniature circuit breaker should rather be fastned to a wall using nails and other neccessary tools.

A miniature circuit breaker is a circuit breaker that is used in homes as a means of guarding against damage to appliances due to a very high current.

This miniature circuit breaker is also harzardous in the sense that it could lead to an electrical fault related fire outbreak especially when it is being blown freely by wind as you tie it with a thread. Doing this a very bad idea because of the risk of a fire hazard.

The miniature circuit breaker should rather be fastned to a wall using nails and other neccessary tools.

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Answer:

The delicate balance between temperature and magnetic domains is destabilized when a magnet is subjected to high temperatures. If a magnet is exposed to this temperature for an extended length of time or heated over its Curie temperature, it will lose its magnetism and become irreversibly demagnetized.

Explanation:

Answer:

acceleration of the gravity

Explanation:

The weight of an object on the moon is less because the acceleration of the gravity on the moon is less.

Answer:

M1 g L1 = 19 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 * 5 m = counter clockwise torque - Cassie at left end

M1 g L1 = M2 g L2        for torques to balance

L2 = M1 L1 / M2 = 19 * 5 / 31 = 3.06 M

Alex should sit at 3.1 m from the fulcrum (at 5 m from each end)

Step 1: Define an equation that relates the volume of a sphere to its radius.

V = 4/3*π*r3

Step 2: Take the derivative of each side with respect to time (we will define time as "t").

(d/dt)V = (d/dt)(4/3*π*r3)

dV/dt = 4πr2*dr/dt

Step 3: We are told in the problem statement that diameter is 100m, so therefore r = 50mm. We are also told the radius of the sphere is increasing at a rate of 2mm/s, so therefore dr/dt = 2mm/s. We are looking for how fast the volume of the sphere is increasing, or dV/dt.

dV/dt = 4π(50mm)2*(2mm/s)

dV/dt = 62,832 mm3/s

Answer:

0.5 mega grams

Explanation:

Answer:

Given:

m1 = 7 kg

V1 = 12 m/s

m2 = 25 kg

V2 = 6 m/s

To find:

Combined speed of two balls stick together after collision V = ?

Solution:

According to law of conservation of momentum,

m1V1 + m2V2 = (m1+m2)V

7×12 + 25×6 = (7+25)V

84 + 150 = 32V

V = 234/32

V = 7.31 m/s

Combined speed of two ball is 7.31 m/s

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This question involves the concept of  Newton's law of gravitation.

The force of gravity between the two spaceships is "1355.78 N".

According to Newton's Law of Gravitation:

[tex]F=\frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}[/tex]

where,

Therefore,

[tex]F=\frac{(6.67\ x\ 10^{-11}\ N.m^2/kg^2)(500\ kg)(498\ kg)}{(35\ m)^2}\\\\[/tex]

F = 1355.78 N = 1.356 KN

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Two space ships traveling next to each other. The first one is 500 kg and the second one is 498 kg. They are 35 meters apart, the Force of gravity between the two spaceships is 1355.78 N.

It is given that the First spaceship's weight ([tex]m_{1}[/tex]) is 500 kg,

The second spaceship's weight ([tex]\rm m_{2}[/tex]) is 498 kg.

The distance between spaceships (r) is 35 meters.

It is required to find the Force of gravity between these spaceships.

It is defined as the force which attracts any two masses in the universe.

By Newton's law of Gravitation:

[tex]\rm F= \frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}[/tex]  , Where

[tex]\rm F = The\ force \ of \ gravity \ between \ the \ spaceships\\\rm G= Universal\ Gravitational \ Constant = 6.67 \times 10^{-11} N.m^2/kg^2[/tex]

Putting values in the above formula:

[tex]\rm F = \frac{(6.67\times 10^{-11} N.m^2/kg^2)(500kg)(498kg)}{(35m)^2}[/tex]

F = 1355.78 N = 1.356  KN

Thus, Two spaceships travel next to each other. The first one is 500 kg and the second one is 498 kg. They are 35 meters apart, the Force of gravity between the two spaceships is 1355.78 N.

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Answer:

If one wraps the fingers around the wire and points the thumb in the direction of the "conventional" current the fingers will point towards the North pole - the direction of the B-field.

In this case the B-field is pointed "West".

Answer:

5.98 kg

Explanation:

To solve this problem, let use the Linear Momentum Conservation Law:

Before collision: [tex]\sum p=p_{1}+p_{2}=m_{1}v_{1}+m_{2}v_{2}=(2.99v_{1})+0=2.99v_{1}[/tex]

After collision: [tex]\sum p'=p_{1}'+p_{2}'=(2.99+m_{2})(v_{1}/3)[/tex]

So, we obtain:

[tex]\sum p =\sum p' \rightarrow 2.99v_{1}=(2.99+m_{2})(v_{1}/3) \rightarrow 8.97 = 2.99 + m_{2}[/tex]

[tex]m_{2}=8.97-2.99=5.98 kg[/tex]

(a) The initial energy of the block due to its position is 1.96 J.

(b) The velocity of the block at the bottom of the loop is 3.96 m/s.

(c)  the velocity of the block at the top of the loop is 3.13 m/s.

The initial energy of the block due to its position is calculated as follows;

P.E = mgh

P.E = 0.25 X 9.8 X 0.8

P.E = 1.96 J

The velocity of the block at the bottom of the loop is determined by applying the principle of conservation of energy as shown below;

P.Ei + P.Ef = K.Ei + K.Ef

1.96 + 0 = 0 + ¹/₂mvf²

vf² = 2(1.96)/m

vf² = (2 x 1.96) / (0.25)

vf² = 15.68

vf = √15.68

vf = 3.96 m/s

The velocity of the block at the top is calculated by applying principle of conservation of energy,

P.Ei + P.Ef = K.Ei + K.Ef

1.96 = mghf + ¹/₂mvf²

where;

1.96 = 0.25 x 9.8 x 0.3   +   0.5 x 0.25vf²

1.225 = 0.125vf²

vf² = 1.225/0.125

vf² = 9.8

vf = 3.13 m/s

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