The frequencies of the light corresponding to the lowest energy pure vibrational transition and lowest energy pure rotational transition is 3.50 x 10¹⁰ Hz.
To calculate the frequency of the lowest energy pure vibrational transition, we can use the equation;
v = (1/2π) x √(k/μ)
where v is frequency, k is force constant, and μ is reduced mass of the molecule.
The reduced mass, μ, is given by;
μ = (m₁ x m₂) / (m₁ + m₂)
where m₁ and m₂ are masses of two atoms in the molecule.
For HCl, we have;
m₁ = 1.0078 amu (mass of H)
m₂ = 35.9689 amu (mass of Cl)
μ = (1.0078 x 34.9689) / (1.0078 + 34.9689)
= 0.9765 amu
Substituting this and the given values of k into the equation for frequency, we get;
v = (1/2π) x √(516 N⋅m⁻¹ / 0.9765 amu)
= 8.90 x 10¹² Hz
To calculate the frequency of the lowest energy pure rotational transition, we can use the equation;
v = B / 2π
where v is the frequency and B is the rotational constant, given by;
B = h / (8π²cI)
where h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and I is the moment of inertia of the molecule.
The moment of inertia of a diatomic molecule is given by;
I = μr²
where r is the bond length.
Substituting the given values and constants into the equations, we get;
I = 0.9765 amu x (127.5 pm / 1e12 pm/amu)²
= 1.562 x 10⁻⁴⁶ kg m²
B = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J s) / (8π² x 2.998 x 10⁸ m/s x 1.562 x 10⁻⁴⁶ kg m²)
= 10.5 cm⁻¹
Converting this to frequency, we get:
v = 10.5 cm⁻¹ x (1 m / 100 cm) x (1 Hz / 3.00 x 10¹⁰ cm/s)
= 3.50 x 10¹⁰ Hz
Therefore, the frequency is 3.50 x 10¹⁰ Hz.
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explain how movements along faults generate earthquakes
Explanation:
When a plate moves it shifts the earth, and it can cause an earthquake.
A fault is where two of earth's tectonic plates come together. They can slide against the other, causing earthquakes, they can push against each other causing mountains to form, and they can move apart from each other, causing valleys or trenches.
How cold does it really get on Pluto's moon, Charon? (I know this is not a Chem question per se, but is there no Earth Science, nor Space, nor Astronomy, nor General Science category on Brainly?)
Answer:
Explanation:
After various studies and experiments conducted on Pluto's moon, Charon it has been determined that it gets to minus 459.67 degrees Fahrenheit which would be equivalent to minus 273.15 degrees Celsius. This is the coldest temperature that scientists have registered for Charon. This temperature is nearing absolute zero and puts it colder than Pluto itself since Pluto's temperature is believed to get to minus 400 degrees Fahrenheit which is equivalent to minus 240 degrees Celcius.
How can you prove that air is a matter ?
Answer:
One way to prove that air is made of matter is to blow up a balloon. Before you add air into the balloon, it is empty and shapeless. When you puff air into it, the balloon expands, so you know it is filled with something—air is taking up space. You'll also notice that a balloon filled with air sinks to the ground.
Explanation:
Four different people are using sound wave technology. Which describe the form of technology most likely being used by each person?
Answer:
Its D
Explanation:
Ali is using a specialized headphone that cancels the extra noise in the atmosphere.
Megan is using a transmitter to convert electrical signals into radio waves.
Kristoff is using a microphone to convert sound waves into the electrical signals.
Jenna is using the radio to convert radio waves into sound waves.
Answer:
D. Ali is using specialized headphones, Megan is using a transmitter, Kristoff is using a microphone, and Jenna is using a radio.
Explanation:
Fire ants move in to a new environment with the lizards.what will most likely happen to the lizard population over the next several years
Answer:
Some lizards in the eastern U.S. have adapted to invasive fire ants -- which can bite, sting, and kill lizards -- reversing geographical trends in behavioral and physical traits used to avoid predators. A new study describing this reversal appears online on November 29, 2018, in the journal Global Change Biology and reveals that new environmental challenges can override the historical influences that originally determined geographical trends in traits.
"Rapid environmental change, be it from changing climate or the introduction of invasive species, is putting a lot of pressure on native species," said Christopher Thawley, graduate student at Penn State at the time of the study and first author of the paper. "Usually when researchers look at how native species might respond to these kinds of threats, they might measure one characteristic of the animal and at one or a few sites. In this study, we looked at three separate characteristics of eastern fence lizards from thirteen sites spanning a thousand miles and found that these lizards are capable of adapting in a concerted way to meet the threat of invasive fire ants, and in a relatively short time frame."
Explanation:
What are the three types of Covalent bonds? and what is the difference between them?
Help!!!
Plsss fastt
Answer:
Covalent bonds can be single, double, and triple bonds.
Explanation:
Single bonds occur when two electrons are shared and are composed of one sigma bond between the two atoms. Double bonds occur when four electrons are shared between the two atoms and consist of one sigma bond and one pi bond.
Please help fast. I will give brainliest.
Answer:39 min
Explanation:
What is the average atomic mass of the isotopes shown in the table?
Isotope Abundance (%) Mass of Isotope (amu)
Isotope-A
54.0
17.984
Isotope-B
32.0
18.985
Isotope-C
14.0
19.982
Answer:
18.58
Explanation:
From the question given above, the following data were:
Isotope A:
Abundance of A = 54%
Mass of A = 17.984 amu
Isotope B:
Abundance of B = 32%
Mass of B = 18.985 amu
Isotope C:
Abundance of C = 14%
Mass of C = 19.982 amu
Average atomic mass =?
AVERAGE = [(Mass of A × A%)/100)] + [(Mass of B × B%)/100] + [(Mass of C × C%)/100]
AVERAGE = [(17.984 × 54%)/100] + [(18.985 × 32%)/100] + [(19.982 × 14%)/100]
= 9.71136 + 6.0752 + 2.79748
= 18.58
Therefore, the average atomic mass of the isotope is 18.58 amu
which of the following indicates the cathode rays has a large charge to mass ratio?
Answer:
Gggg
Explanation:
The indication of the cathode rays that has a large charge to mass ratio is there were deflected towards a positive electrode. The correct option is b.
What are cathode rays?Cathode rays are the rays that move through the negatively charged electrode the cathode charge to the positively charged electrode which is the anode charge in a vacuum tube.
These rays travel through a pipe in a straight line with speed when there is voltage is applied. They are also called electron beams. There is a cathode ray tube, CRT, which is a vacuum tube on which cathode rays travel.
So, the correct option will be for the cathode rays would be deflected towards a positive charge anode.
Therefore, the correct option is b, there were deflected towards a positive electrode.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
They were easily deflected
There were deflected towards a positive electrode
They were deflected towards a negative electrode
They caused a fluorescent screen to glow
true or false the membrane of rer is continuous with the outer layer of the mithochondrial membrane
Answer:
false
Explanation:
What evolution was evident in Darwin's finches?
1. beak type
2. leg muscles
3. wing span
4. eyesight
Answer:
sorry I don't know the answer hope you understand
which is the odd man out? diamond,coal, graphite, bronze.answer with an explanation
define p-block element?
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf D. \ Bronze}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Let's analyze the answer choices.
The first answer choices. diamond, coal, and graphite, all have something in common. They are allotropes of carbon. They are made of the same element, but each has a different arrangement of atoms, which leads to different properties.
Bronze is an alloy of copper, tin, and other metals. It's not an allotrope of carbon or related to the other answer choices. Therefore, it is the odd one out.
A gas at 127 celsius and 10.0 L expands to 20.0 L. What is the new
temperature in kelvin? (You must convert to Kelvin before calculating
this problem
Answer:
800.3 Kelvin
Explanation:
127°C = 400.15 Kelvin (because 127 + 273.15)
Charles Law:
[tex]\frac{V1}{T1} = \frac{V2}{T2}[/tex] Thus, [tex]\frac{10.0 L}{400.15 K} = \frac{20.0 L}{T2}[/tex]
Then, work out the math algebraically.
T2 = 20.0 / (10.0/400.15)
= 20.0 / 0.02499...
= 800.3 Kelvin
This is assuming the pressure remains constant.
The pH of a solution is 8. Some hydrochloric acid is added to the solution. Suggest the pH of the solution after mixing. pH=.......??
Answer:
By adding acid to hydrogencarbonate you create a large concentration of CO2 in solution causing the solution to be highly supersaturated. This keeps the pH down as CO2 is in equilibrium with carbonic acid. During the day long mixing the excess CO2 strips off and as acid leaves the solution the pH increases.
Explanation:
Hope it helps
A solution with a pH of 8 will have its pH reduced with the addition of hydrochloric acid.
What is pH?It is the degree of acidity or alkalinity of solutions.
pH ranges from 0 to 14 with 7 being a neutral pH. Any pH below 7 is acidic while above 7 is basic.
Thus, a pH of 8 is basic and the addition of hydrochloric acid will reduce it towards 7 or even below it.
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Explain why the metals conduct electricity.
Write in your own words.
Please don't copy-paste from the internet.
Answer:
Metals conduct electricity because they have free Electrons in them which helps the current to move eaisily
Question 4 How many grams of LiOH are needed to make 100 ml of a 0.1 M solution?
Explanation:
0.24 grams of LiOH are needed to make 100 ml of a 0.1 M solution
Energy that is stored is called potential energy. Take a round ball that is at rest at the top of the hill. The ball has a lot of potential energy, but no kinetic energy because it is not moving. Once the ball is released and it begins to roll, the potential energy the ball had initially is transformed into kinetic energy. The higher the ball is placed, the ____ potential energy it will have.
A-more B-less
How many liters are there in 28g of B?
1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2
After this atom gains or loses valence electron/s, what will the oxidation number be?
Answer:
if it gains then it will be negative to whatever number it has gained and the reverse for when it loses
Explanation:
Heavier noble gases are able to form compounds with other elements under specific conditions because their valence ____are farther from the _____
Answer:
Heavier noble gases are able to form compounds with other elements under specific conditions because their valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.
Explanation:
The name of noble or inert gas is due to the lack of reactivity with other elements. This is due to its electronic configuration, because its outermost shell or valence shell is always complete, without the need to share, give or receive electrons forming bonds. That is, its outer layer is so stable that the element tends not to react with others except in very specific cases.
These exceptions generally involve the heavier noble gases, such as xenon or radon, capable of forming compounds with fluorine and oxygen. This is because the heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. This characteristic causes the outermost electrons to experience a "shielding" effect due to the action of the inner electrons, and they can then be ionized more easily, since the attraction they receive from the positive charges of the nucleus is weaker. That makes the ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with more electronegative elements, such as fluorine and oxygen.
Heavier noble gases are able to form compounds with other elements under specific conditions because their valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.
Pascal’s Law states that when pressure is applied from an outside source to a contained fluid, the force is
a. transferred through the liquid in a single direction
b. transferred through the liquid in the opposite direction
c. transferred unequally through the liquid in all directions
d. transferred equally through the liquid in all directions
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Answer:
a.....................
The human body has several major systems. Most body systems have multiple functions. Which of the following is NOT a major function of the musculoskeletal system?
A turning food into energy
B helping the lungs take in air
C helping the stomach digest food
D moving the bones of the skeleton
Answer:D
Explanation:
i got it right LOL
Among the given options, the one which is not a major function of musculoskeletal system is helping the lungs take in air. All others including, energy, digestion, movement of bones etc. are its function.
What are the functions of musculoskeletal system ?The musculoskeletal system in human body is composed of muscles and bones. The bones in our body are wrapped by the muscles. Muscles helps for the smooth movement of bones.
Muscles convert the chemical energy from food into kinetic energy and use it for the movement of muscles and bones. Muscles contraction needs intake of energy.
The contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles helps for the easy movement of food through the digestive track. Musculoskeletal system also helps for the movement of other organ system. Hence, option b is not the major function of this organ system.
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Look carefully at the list of objects and order
them from smallest to largest.
ant
atom
cell
dust particle
ping pong ball
Explain why you have them in this order. Be sure
to use a 5 complete thoughts.
:
Answer:
Atom, cell, dust particle, ant, ping pong ball
Explanation:
Firstly, atoms make up all matter, including each of the items on that list. The only things smaller than atoms are the parts of the atom itself, protons, neutrons and electrons. Because none of those are on that list, atoms have to be the smallest. Next smallest is the cell. Cells are made up of atoms, but they also in part make up dust. You can see a dust particle with the naked eye, but in order to see a cell you must use a microscope. Thus, cells are smaller than dust particles. Next is an ant. Obviously, an ant is bigger than a speck of dust, and is made up of cells and atoms. Lastly all you have is the ping pong ball, which is much larger than the rest of the items. Hope this helps!
All matter, including each thing on the list, is made up of atoms. The protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom are the only particles smaller than atoms.
Thus, Atoms must be the tiniest object because none of those are included in that list. The cell is the next smallest. Atoms make up cells, but dust also makes up a portion of them.
A dust particle can be seen with the unaided eye, but a microscope is required to see a cell.
Cells are hence smaller than dust particles. An ant comes next. Of course, an ant is composed of cells and atoms and is larger than a particle of dust.
Thus, All matter, including each thing on the list, is made up of atoms. The protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom are the only particles smaller than atoms.
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4. How is a lead storage battery recharged?
a. It is heated up.
b. The pressure on it is increased.
c. A direct current is applied to it.
d. A magnet is held close to it.
A chemist analyzes two samples. One sample contains 14g of element x and 6.0 g of element y. The second sample contains 28 g of element x and samples are the same substance
Answer:
Explanation:
Here's the complete question:
A chemist analyzes two samples.One sample contains 14g of element x and 6.0g of element y.The second sample contains 28g of element x and 6.0g of element y. Does it appear that the two samples are the same substance?
The two samples that we are given in the question are different. They are not the same thing because we can deduce that their components ratio are different.
Sample One contains 14g of element x and 6.0g of element y. The ratio of element x to y is 14/6 = 7/3 = 7:3.
Sample Two contains 28g of element x and 6.0g of element y. The ratio of element x to y is 28/6 = 14/3 = 14:3.
Therefore, they have different ratio for their components and are therefore not thesame.
Which situation is does NOT occur during a chemical reaction?
bonds are formed
bonds are broken
mass is conserved
atoms are destroyed
Sexual reproduction involves male and female sex cells known as ______.
Answer:
Sexual reproduction involves male and female sex cells known as - Gametes
Explanation:
In sexual reproduction new organisms are produced from the fusion of a male sex cell with a female sex cell. This fusion of gametes is called fertilisation. Sex cells are also known as gametes. Male gametes are made by male reproductive structures. Female gametes are made by female reproductive structures.
20.What do carbon and silicon have in common?
a.They belong to the same column (family), therefore they have the same number of valence electrons.
b.They belong to the same column (family), therefore they have the same number of total electrons.
c.They belong to the same column (family), therefore they have the same number of energy levels.
d.They belong to the same column (family), therefore they have the same number of protons.
Is hydrogen bond an attraction between polar molecules
Answer:
No because if there was an attraction hydrogen would not do it's function
can someone help w/ chem plzz
Answer:
my answer I think is tetrahedral