(14.1.50) 0.03 mol of helium are enclosed in a cylinder with a piston which maintains a constant pressure in the helium. Initially the helium is immersed in thermal bath with at 250K. Suddenly, the helium is removed from this thermal bath and plunged into a thermal bath at temperature 350K. Determine (a) the increase in the entropy of the helium. (Hint the entropy change for the helium is the same as if it had been taken through this temperature change by a reversible process.) (b) the increase in entropy of the universe. (Answer: 0.032 J/K)

Answer:

Atoms are made of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Explanation:

The Dalton's atomic theory was an early attempt at describing the properties of atoms. It stipulated that atoms were the smallest indivisible particle of a substance. Chemical reactions occur as a result of a combination or separation of atoms. Atoms of the same element are exactly alike and differ from atoms of other elements. Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.

As time went on, modern scientific evidence began to modify the original postulates of the Dalton's atomic theory. It was not postulated in 1805 that atoms were composed of subatomic particles; electrons, neutrons and protons. Dalton's theory held the atom to be 'indivisible'. However in 1897, JJ Thompson discovered the electron. Subsequently, the proton and neutrons were discovered. This shows that the atom in itself consisted of even smaller particles.

Answer: 7.07 grams

Explanation:

To calculate the moles :

[tex]\text{Moles of solute}=\frac{\text{given mass}}\times{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]    

[tex]\text{Moles of} zinc=\frac{21g}{65g/mol}=0.32moles[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of} CuCl_2=\frac{7g}{134g/mol}=0.052moles[/tex]

[tex]Zn+CuCl_2\rightarrow Cu+ZnCl_2[/tex]

According to stoichiometry :

1 mole of [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] require 1 mole of [tex]Zn[/tex]

Thus 0.052 moles of [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] will require=[tex]\frac{1}{1}\times 0.052=0.052moles[/tex]  of [tex]Zn[/tex]

Thus [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product and [tex]Zn[/tex] is the excess reagent.

As 1 mole of [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] give = 1 mole of [tex]ZnCl_2[/tex]

Thus 0.052 moles of [tex]CuCl_2[/tex] give =[tex]\frac{1}{1}\times 0.052=0.052moles[/tex]  of [tex]ZnCl_2[/tex]

Mass of [tex]ZnCl_2=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.052moles\times 136g/mol=7.07g[/tex]

Thus 7.07 g of [tex]ZnCl_2[/tex] will be produced from the given masses of both reactants.

Answer:

Through gradual accumulation of sediments

Explanation:

Answer:

0.1098 M

Explanation:

Answer:

A. 0.15 M NaOH, and

E. 0.15 M HNO3

Explanation:

A buffer solution contains a conjugate acid-base pair with both the acid and the base in reasonable concentrations.

NaOH and HNO3 is an acid base pair with relatively equal concentrations. So, they would most likely make a buffer solution.

Answer:

0.25 mol

Explanation:

Use the formula n=N/NA

n= number of mols

N =  number of particles

Nᵃ = Avogadros constant = 6.02 x [tex]\\10^{23[/tex]

So, n= [tex]\frac{1.505 X 10^{23} }{6.02 X 10^{23}}[/tex]

The 10 to the power of 23 cancels out and you are left with 1.505/6.02, which is approximately 1/4. This is the same as 0.25 mol.

Hope this helped :)

Answer:

Part A

Boyle's Law is given mathematically as

P ∝(1/V) or V ∝(1/P)

Options 4 and 5, if they are properly written.

Part B

At constant temperature, and according to the Boyle's law for an ideal gas,

A. What can cause a Volume increase is a corresponding decrease in pressure.

B. What can cause a Volume decrease is a corresponding increase in pressure.

C. The Volume is unchanged if the pressure of the gas is unchanged too.

Part C

The pressure when the gas occupies a volume of 5.0 L = 40 atm

Part D

The pressure when the gas occupies a volume of 4.5 L = 36 atm

Explanation:

Part A

Boyle's Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the volume occupied by the gas.

So, mathematically, Boyle's Law is given as

P ∝(1/V) or V ∝(1/P)

Part B

Inverse relationship between two quantities means that the higher the value of one of the quantities go, the lower the value of the other quantity goes and vice versa.

So, at constant temperature, and according to the Boyle's law for an ideal gas.

A. What can cause a Volume increase is a corresponding decrease in pressure.

B. What can cause a Volume decrease is a corresponding increase in pressure.

C. The Volume is unchanged if the pressure of the gas is unchanged too.

Part C

A certain gas occupies a volume of 20 L when the applied pressure is 10 atm, find the pressure when the gas occupies a volume of 5.0 L.

According to Boyle's Law for an ideal gas,

P ∝(1/V)

P = (k/V)

where k is the constant of proportionality

PV = k

Therefore,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ = k

P₁ = 10 atm

V₁ = 20 L

P₂ = ?

V₂ = 5.0 L

10 × 20 = P₂ × 5

P₂ = 40 atm

Part D

If a certain gas occupies a volume of 18 L when the applied pressure is 9.0 atm , find the pressure when the gas occupies a volume of 4.5 L

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ = k

P₁ = 9.0 atm

V₁ = 18 L

P₂ = ?

V₂ = 4.5 L

9 × 18 = P₂ × 4.5

P₂ = 36 atm

Hope this Helps!!!

Answer:

ΔG=ΔG0+RTlnQ where Q is the ratio of concentrations (or activities) of the products divided by the reactants. Under standard conditions Q=1 and ΔG=ΔG0 . Under equilibrium conditions, Q=K and ΔG=0 so ΔG0=−RTlnK . Then calculate the ΔH and ΔS for the reaction and the rest of the procedure is unchanged.

Explanation:

Answer:

exothermic, with a decrease in entropy

Explanation:

Whenever you produce heat as a product in a reaction, the reaction is exothermic. To determine entropy, we know we have 4 moles of gas on reactant (1 from N2 and 3 from H2) and in produce side we only have two moles (2 from NH3) thus since we are decreasing the number of gas molecules, there is going to be less disorder, hence decrease in entropy.

Answer:

1. 42.75 grams KOH

2. Add 150ml of water to the 250ml containing 9.8 grams 42.75 grams KOH

Explanation

1. moles KOH in 500ml in 1.5M solution = 0.500L x 1.5 mole/Liter = 0.75 mol KOH

grams KOH in 0.75 mole = 0.75 mole x 57 grams/mole = 42.75 grams KOH

2. formula weight H₃PO₄ = 98 grams/mole

9.8 grams H₃PO₄ in 250ml H₂O => 9.8g/98g·mole⁻¹/0.250Liters = 0.40M in H₃PO₄

Final volume of 0.25M H₃PO₄ solution = (0.40M)(250ml)/(0.25M) = 400ml

∴ Add 400ml - 250ml = 150ml of water to the 250ml of 0.40M H₃PO₄ solution => 400ml of 0.25M H₃PO₄ solution.

Answer:

1. 42.75 grams koh

2. add 150 ml of water to the 250 ml containing 9.8 grams 42.75 grams koh

Explanation:

Answer:

a. The electron is a standing wave that can only have an integer number of wavelengths.

Explanation:

As per quantum physics, the theory of wave-particle duality refers to the notion that matter and light show the characteristics of both waves and particles, based on the case of the experiment. Much like light, the matter appeared to possess both wave and particle properties.  Large objects display very low wavelengths, but for small particles, the wavelength may be detected and important, as shown by a double-slit experiment with electrons.

Answer:

  1.69 M

Explanation:

Molarity is the ratio of moles to liters:

  (3.58 moles)/(2.12 liters) = 1.6887 moles/liter ≈ 1.69 M

Answer:

Explanation:

% yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) X 100

For this question,

% yield = (150g/ 162 g) X 100 = 92.6%

Answer:

92.6%

Explanation:

Answer:

Rubidium

Explanation:

Nil

The identity of the element whose isotopes you have selected is that it significantly possesses the same atomic number but a different mass number.

The Isotope may be characterized as one of two or more types of atoms of a chemical element that significantly have the same number of protons but with different numbers of neutrons and therefore different atomic masses.

In a more simple sense, an isotope may be defined as an atom that has the same atomic number but different atomic mass and physical properties.

It is the identity of the element that they togetherly possess the same number of protons which leads to identical atomic numbers but due to a distinct number of neutrons, they possess different mass numbers.

Therefore, the identity of the element whose isotopes you have selected is that it significantly possesses the same atomic number but a different mass number.

To learn more about Isotopes, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/160068

#SPJ2

Answer:

THE NEW PRESSURE WHEN THE GAS IS RELEASED INTO A 10 L REACTION VESSEL AND AT 33.6 °C TEMPERATURE IS 2.18 atm.

Explanation:

The general gas equation will be used to calculate the new pressure.

P1V1 /T1 = P2 V2 / T2

P1 = 4.20 atm

V1 = 5 L = 5 dm3

T1 = 22°C = 22 + 273 K = 295 K

V2 = 10 L = 10 dm3

T2 = 33.6 °C = 33.6 + 273 K = 306.6 K

P2 =?

Rearranging the formula and making P2 the subject of the equation, we have;

P2 = P1V1 T2 / T1 V2

P2 = 4.2 * 5 * 306.6 / 295 * 10

P2 = 6438.6 / 2950

P2 = 2.18 atm.

So therefore, the pressure inside the reaction vessel when the gas is released into a 10 L reaction vessel and at a temperature of 33.6 °C is 2.18 atm.

Answer:

The pressure inside the reaction vessel is 2.18 atm

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

The temperature = 22.0 °C = 295.15 K

Pressure = 4.20 atm

Volume = 5.0 L

Volume increased to 10.0 L

Temperature increased to 33.6 °C = 306.75K

Step 2: Calculate the new pressure

P1 * V1 / T1 = P2*V2 / T2

⇒with P1 = the initial pressure = 4.20 atm

⇒with V1 = the initial volume = 5.0 L

⇒with T1 = the initial temperature = 295.15 K

⇒with P2 = the new pressure = TO BE DETERMINED

⇒with V2 = the increased volume = 10.0L

⇒with T2 = the increased temperature = 306.75 K

(4.20 atm * 5.0 L) / 295.15 K = ( P2 * 10.0 L ) / 306.75 K

P2 = (4.20 * 5.0 L * 306.75 K) / (295.15 K * 10.0 L)

P2 = 2.18 atm

The pressure inside the reaction vessel is 2.18 atm

Answer:

1.)

Explanation:

Answer:

Prophase 1

Explanation:

Answer:

The correct answer will be prophase I

Explanation:

During this stage, the genetic code is together and hasn't split yet therefore, the answer is prophase I hopefully this helps!

Answer:

6.82 moles of Fe2O3

Explanation:

Step 1:

Determination of the number of mole of in 450g of CO2.

This is illustrated below:

Molar Mass of CO2 = 12 + (2x16) = 44g/mol

Mass of CO2 = 450g

Number of mole of CO2 =.?

Number of mole = Mass/Molar Mass

Number of mole of CO2 = 450/44 = 10.23 moles

Step 2:

Determination of the number of mole of Fe2O3 needed for the reaction. This is illustrated below:

2Fe2O3 + 3C—> 4Fe + 3CO2

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of Fe2O3 reacted to produce 3 moles of CO2.

Therefore, Xmol of Fe2O3 will react to produce 10.23 moles of CO2 i.e

Xmol of Fe2O3 = (2x10.23)/3

Xmol of Fe2O3 = 6.82 moles

Therefore, 6.82 moles of Fe2O3 is required.

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:

either an acid or a base

Explanation:

Especially, concentrated acids and bases tend to do enormous amounts of chemical burns. People usually think its only acids but the strongest of bases can easily melt our skin.

Answer:

1.242 g/mL

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Mass of the empty container (m₁): 80.21 g

Mass of the filled container (m₂): 105.22 g

Volume of the unknown liquid (V): 20.14 mL

Step 2: Calculate the mass of the liquid

The mass of the liquid is equal to the difference between the mass of the filled container and the mass of the empty container.

[tex]m = m_2 - m_1 = 105.22g - 80.21 g = 25.01 g[/tex]

Step 3: Calculate the density of the unknown liquid

The density of the liquid is equal to its mass divided by its volume.

[tex]\rho = \frac{m}{V} = \frac{25.01g}{20.14mL} = 1.242 g/mL[/tex]

Answer:

See explaination

Explanation:

Please kindly check attachment for the step by step solution of the given problem

Answer:

1. Protein-protein interactions

2. Lipid rafts

3. Cytoskeletal elements

Explanation:

The fluid mosaic model was proposed by the Singer and Nicolson in 1972 which stated that the membrane is a mosaic of the lipids, carbohydrates and the proteins.

The fluid mosaic model has been revised many times which are:

1. Protein-protein interactions: the proteins present in the lipid bilayer can easily float in the lipid layer, can be found integrated into the layer and exist on the outside of the layer. These proteins can form a bond with each other which are rigid and are non-lipid matrix.

2. Lipid rafts: the structure formed in the bilayer which is rich in cholesterol and the sphingolipids. These regions have a reduced amount of lipids and reduced protein mobility.

3. Cytoskeletal elements: are attached to the proteins and act as a fence in proteins which reduces the mobility of the proteins.

Answer:

D) 0 (zero)

Explanation:

There's a rule that neutral compounds (compound) without charges have oxidation of zero. Also, another formula that if two atoms of the same element make one single molecules such as diatomics molecules are O2, N2, I2, Br2 oxidation states are zero, thus here N is 0 (Zero) as well.

Answer:

A) The number of atoms in a grain of iron is most similar to the number of meters between Earth and Vega.

The options attached to the question are missing, but out of the numbers presented in the options, 10¹⁷ is closest to 10¹⁸.

B) The mass of a grain of iron is approximately (9 × 10⁻⁵) g

Explanation:

The options attached to the question are missing, after searching online, the image of the question was obtained, but it won't be attached to this solution in order not to violate the community guidelines and lead to deletion of answer.

But, out of the numbers presented in the options, 10¹⁷ is closest to 10¹⁸, hence, the number of atoms in a grain of iron is most similar to the number of meters between Earth and Vega.

The second part of the question asks for the approximate mass of a grain of iron.

1 atom of iron has a mass of (9 × 10⁻²³) g

1 grain of iron has about (1 × 10¹⁸) atoms of iron.

So, the mass of a grain of iron = (9 × 10⁻²³) × (1 × 10¹⁸) = (9 × 10⁻⁵) g

Hope this Helps!!!

Answer:

(i) 32.9 mL; (ii)  37.5 mL; (iii) 21.73 mL

Explanation:

You should always try to read a measuring instrument to a tenth of the smallest scale division.

Here, you are measuring liquids, so you take the scale reading from the bottom of the meniscus.

(i) Graduated cylinder

There are 10 divisions between 30 mL and 40 mL, so each division represents 1 mL.

The level of the liquid appears to be between 32 mL and 33 mL. It is much closer to 33 mL (perhaps right on 33 mL).

You should report the volume to the nearest 0.1 mL. I would read the volume as 32.9 mL, but 32.8 and 33.0 are also acceptable.

Note: If you think the level is right on the 33 mark, you report the volume as 33.0 mL (NOT 33 mL).

(ii) Thermometer

The reading is about half-way between 87 ° and 88 °.

I would report the temperature as 87.5 °, but 87.4 ° and 87.6 ° would also be acceptable.

(iii) Buret

There are 10 divisions between 21 mL and 22 mL, so each division represents 0.1 mL.

You should estimate to the nearest 0.01 mL.

The liquid level is about a third of the way from 21.7 mL to 21.8 mL.

I would report the volume as 21.73 mL, but 21.72 mL and 21.74 mL are also acceptable.

To find out how many moles is 1.5x10^23 atoms of Carbon, we will use Avogadro's number, which is represented by 6.022x10^23 atoms or molecules per mol.

To convert from atoms to moles, divide the atoms by Avogadro's number.

So, now we can convert the numbers into proper form:

1.5x10^23 ---> 1.5E23

6.022x10^23 ---> 6.022E23

Then, we divide them.

1.5E23/6.022E23 = 0.24908

Round to nearest hundredth.

0.24908 --> 0.25

Therefore, there are 0.25 moles of carbon in 1.5E23 atoms of carbon.

Answer:

T = 643K = 643-273.15 = 369.85°C = 370°C = maximum safe operating temperature

Explanation:

The actual question has following data which the question given has missing

The vessel is a stainless-steel cylinder that measures wide 25.0 cm and 30.0 cm high.

The maximum safe pressure inside the vessel is 6.60 MPa.

The vessel may contain up to 0.800 kg of carbon monoxide gas.

Volume of cylinder = pi x r^2 x h  = 3.14 x (25/2)cm^2 x 30cm = 14725.78 cm^3 or 0.01472578 m^3

Now, using ideal gas law, PV = nRT

P = 6.60×10^6 Pa

V = 0.01472578 m^3

n= no. of moles = mas staken/ molar mass of CO2 = 800g/44g/mol = 18.18

moles

R =  8.314 J/mol.K

So, (6.60x10^6 ) x 0.01472578  = 18.18×8.314×T

T = 643 K = 643-273.15 = 369.85°C = 370°C = maximum safe operating temperature

Answer:

Magnetism surrounding the wire draws the needle toward the wire.

Explanation:

Magnetism is a force which is responsible for the attraction and repulsion of objects. Magnetism is also generated around the wire in which current is flowing. This magnetism is stronger when more current flows through the wire.  This magnetism is stronger than the magnetism of the poles so when the compass brought near to the electric wire, the needle moves toward the wire.

Answer:

D.  -Magnetism surrounding the wire draws the needle toward the wire.

Explanation: