1. What does the atomic number of an element represent?
O A the number of neutrons
B the number of electrons
C the number of orbitals
D the number of protons

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

D The number of protons

Answer 2
D would be the answer

Related Questions

In this reaction: Mg (s) + I₂ (s) → MgI₂ (s), if 10.0 g of Mg reacts with 60.0 g of I₂, and 57.84 g of MgI₂ form, what is the percent yield?

Answers

Answer:

88.1% (to 3 s.f.)

Explanation:

Please see attached picture for full solution.

write the balanced nuclear equation for the radioactive decay of radium-226 to give radon-222, and determine the type of decay

Answers

Answer: DEAR THE ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION IS,

Explanation: Consider the equation for the decay of radium-226 to radon-222, with the simultaneous loss of an alpha particle and energy in the form of a gamma ray. Radium-226 is the reactant; radon, an alpha particle, and a gamma ray are the products. The equation is:

shown in the attach figure

TYPE OF DECAY: as α-particle emmit in this reaction hence its the α-decay

It decays by emitting an alpha particle composed of two protons and two neutrons. The radium nucleus turns into radon-222 nucleus, itself radioactive, containing two protons and two neutrons less. The disintegration releases 4.6 million electronvolts of energy

PLS GIVE ME RATING IF YOU FIND IT HELPFULL SO THAT OTHER BE BENIFIT OF THAT ANSWEER

THANKS....

If 5.0 mL of a Sports Drink with an absorbance reading of 0.34 was diluted with water to 10.0 mL and was read by the colorimeter, what is the expected absorbance of the solution

Answers

Answer:

the expected absorbance of the solution = 0.17

Explanation:

From the information given:

Using Beer's Lambert Law, we have

A = ∈CL

where;

A = Absorbance

∈ = extinction coefficient

C = concentration

L = cell length

Since Absorbance is associated with concentration.

Assuming the measurement were carried out in the same solution; Then  ∈ and L will be constant and A  ∝ C ----- (1)

Let consider the concentration to be C  (mol/L)

5.0 mL of a Sports Drink = 5.0 mL × C (mol)/1000 mL

= 5C/1000 mL

was diluted with water to 10.0 mL

So, when diluted with water to 10.0 mL; we have:

The new concentration to be : [tex]\dfrac{(5 C \times 1000) \ mol }{(1000 \times 10 \times 1000)\ mL}[/tex]

Since :1000mL = 1 L

The new concentration = [tex]\dfrac{C \ mol }{2 \ L}[/tex]

As stated that the initial absorbance reading [tex]A_1[/tex] = 0.34

The expected absorbance reading will be [tex]A_2[/tex] = ???

From (1)

A ∝ C

[tex]\dfrac{A_2}{A_1}=\dfrac{C_2}{C}[/tex]

[tex]A_2 = \dfrac{A_1}{C}[/tex]

[tex]A_2 = \dfrac{0.34}{2}[/tex]

[tex]A_2 = 0.17[/tex]

Thus ; the expected absorbance of the solution = 0.17

Discuss whether each of the following is a mixture or a pure substance. If it is a mixture, please state if it homogeneous or heterogeneous. Please give your reasoning for each case. If it is difficult to tell, explain why.
1. Seawater.
2. Chocolate.
3. Table sugar.
4. An apple.
5. A sheet of paper
6. The spice paprika.
7. Seven Up.

Answers

Answer:

Pure substance:

Seven upTable sugarSeawater (H20 + NaCl + impurities)

Mixtures:

Chocolate (homogeneous)Paprika spice (homogeneous)Seawater (heterogeneous, because of impurities)A sheet of paper (homogeneous)An apple (heterogeneous)

Explanation:

Pure substances exists as either elements or compounds.

A homogeneous mixture has even distribution and a single phase composition of its constituents; whereas heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform and constituents exist in different phases.

Complete and balance the molecular equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate and potassium sulfide.​

Answers

Answer:[tex]2CH_3COONH_4(aq)+K_2S(aq)\rightarrow 2CH_3COOK(aq)+(NH_4)_2S(aq)[/tex]

Explanation:

A double displacement reaction is one in which exchange of ions take place. The salts which are soluble in water are designated by symbol (aq) and those which are insoluble in water and remain in solid form are represented by (s) after their chemical formulas.

The balanced molecular reaction between aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate and potassium sulfide will be

[tex]2CH_3COONH_4(aq)+K_2S(aq)\rightarrow 2CH_3COOK(aq)+(NH_4)_2S(aq)[/tex]

The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate and potassium sulfide is

[tex]2 CH_3COONH_4(aq) + K_2S(aq) \rightarrow 2 CH_3COOK(aq) + 2 NH_3(g) + H_2S(g)[/tex]

Let's consider the unbalanced molecular equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate and potassium sulfide. This is originally a double displacement reaction that would produce potassium acetate and ammonium sulfide. However, ammonium sulfide is unstable and will rapidly decompose into hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.

[tex]CH_3COONH_4(aq) + K_2S(aq) \rightarrow CH_3COOK(aq) + NH_3(g) + H_2S(g)[/tex]

We will balance it using the trial and error method.

We will:

balance K atoms by multiplying CH₃COOK by 2.balance C atoms by multiplying CH₃COONH₄ by 2.balance N atoms by multiplying NH₃ by 2.

The balanced molecular equation is:

[tex]2 CH_3COONH_4(aq) + K_2S(aq) \rightarrow 2 CH_3COOK(aq) + 2 NH_3(g) + H_2S(g)[/tex]

The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of ammonium acetate and potassium sulfide is

[tex]2 CH_3COONH_4(aq) + K_2S(aq) \rightarrow 2 CH_3COOK(aq) + 2 NH_3(g) + H_2S(g)[/tex]

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What volume, in mL, of 4.50 M NaOH is needed to prepare 250. mL of 0.300 M NaOH?

Answers

Answer:

16.7 mL

Explanation:

Convert 250 mL to L.

250 mL = 0.250 L

Calculate the amount of moles of NaOH in 250 mL of 0.300 M NaOH.

0.250 L × 0.300 M = 0.075 mol

Using this amount of moles, you need to find out what volume of 4.50 M will give you that many moles.  You can do this by dividing the amount of moles by the molarity.

(0.075 mol)/(4.50 M) = 0.0167 L

Convert from L to mL.

0.0167 L = 16.7 mL

What is the molar mass of butane if 4.49 x 1016 molecules of butane weigh 8.29?

Answers

Answer:  The molar mass of butane will be [tex]11.2\times 10^{7}g[/tex]

Explanation:

According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at STP, contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles. and weighs equal to the molar mass.

To calculate the moles, we use the equation:

[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given molecules}}{\text {avogadro's number}}=\frac{4.49\times 10^{16}}{6.023\times 10^{23}}=0.74\times 10^{-7}moles[/tex]

Now [tex]0.74\times 10^{-7}moles[/tex]  weigh = 8.29 g

Thus 1 mole will weigh = [tex]\frac{8.29}{0.74\times 10^{-7}}\times 1=11.2\times 10^{7}g[/tex]

The molar mass of butane will be [tex]11.2\times 10^{7}g[/tex]

What indicators of a chemical reaction occurred in the following equation?
C6H12O6 (s) + 602 (g) → 6 CO2 (g) + 6H2O (1) +
energy

Answers

Answer:

1) evolution of gas

2) evolution of heat

Explanation:

In this reaction, glucose is broken down into its constituents; carbon dioxide and water. The question is to decipher indicators of a chemical reaction from the equation.

If we look at the equation carefully, we will notice that a gas was evolved (CO2). The evolution of a gas indicates that a chemical reaction must have taken place. Secondly, energy is given off as heat. This is another indication that a chemical reaction has taken place.

Place the following atmospheric gases in order of abundance, from highest to lowest.

a. Carbon Dioxide
b. Other trace gases
c. Argon
d. Oxygen
e. Nitrogen

Answers

Explanation:

The percentage abundance of the following gases in the atmosphere is given as;

Carbon dioxide = 0.04 percent

Other trace gases =  about a tenth of one percent of the atmosphere.

Argon = 0.93 percent

Oxygen = 21 percent

Nitrogen = 78 percent

Te order from highest to lowest is given as;

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Argon

Carbon dioxide

Other trace gases

Which of the saturated solutions below would have the highest [OH- ]? a. M(OH)2 Ksp = 4.25 x 10-6 b. M(OH)2 Ksp = 7.39 x 10-4 c. M(OH)2 Ksp = 2.64 x 10-3 d. M(OH)2 Ksp = 8.52 x 10-8

Answers

Answer:

M(OH)2 Ksp = 2.64 x 10-3

Explanation:

Recall that for M(OH)2, its dissolution in water gives;

M(OH)2(s) ----> M^2+(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)

Ksp= x × (2x)^2

Ksp= 4x^3

a)

Ksp= 4.25 x 10^-6

Ksp= 4x^3

x= 3√Ksp/4

x= 3√4.25 x 10^-6/4

x= 1.02 ×10^-2 moldm-3

For 2 OH^- = 2 × 1.02 ×10^-2 moldm-3 = 2.04 ×10^-2 moldm-3

b)

Ksp= 7.39 x 10^-4

Ksp= 4x^3

x= 3√Ksp/4

x= 3√7.39 x 10^-4/4

x= 5.7 ×10^-2 moldm-3

For 2 OH^- = 2 × 5.7 ×10^-2 moldm-3= 11.4 ×10^-2 moldm-3

c)

Ksp= 2.64 x 10^-3

Ksp= 4x^3

x= 3√Ksp/4

x= 3√2.64 x 10^-3/4

x= 8.7 ×10^-2 moldm-3

For 2 OH^- = 2 × 8.7 ×10^-2 moldm-3 = 17.4 ×10^-2 moldm-3

d)

Ksp= 8.52 x 10^-8

Ksp= 4x^3

x= 3√Ksp/4

x= 3√8.52 x 10^-8/4

x= 2.77 ×10^-3 moldm-3

For 2 OH^- = 2 × 2.77 ×10^-3 moldm-3 = 5.54 ×10^-3 moldm-3

Hence, M(OH)2 Ksp = 2.64 x 10-3 has the highest [OH- ].

Which of the following statements is not true regarding acids? (2 points) Acids can be corrosive, causing damage to skin or clothing. Many fruits contain weak acids, giving them a sour taste. Acids react with bases in neutralization reactions to produce water. The hydroxide ion concentration is greater than the hydronium ion concentration.

Answers

Answer:

Acids do not react with bases in neutralization reactions to produce water.

Explanation:

under certain water​ conditions, the free chlorine​ (hypochlorous acid,​ hocl) in a swimming pool decomposes according to the law of uninhibited decay. after shocking a​ pool, the pool​ boy, geoff, tested the water and found the amount of free chlorine to be 2.6 parts per million​ (ppm). twenty-four hours​ later, geoff tested the water again and found the amount of free chlorine to be 2.1 ppm. what will be the reading after 2 days​ (that is, 48 ​hours)

Answers

Answer:

1.7 ppm

Explanation:

Original amount N' = 2.6 ppm

time to testing t = 24 hr

final amount N = 2.1 ppm

Using exponential inhibited decay, we have

N = N'e^(-kt)

Where

N is the new reading

N' is the original reading

t is the decay time

k is the decay constant

Substituting, we have

2.1 = 2.6 x e^(-k x 24)

2.1 = 2.6 x e^(-24k)

0.808 = e^(-24k)

We take the natural log of both sides of the equation

Ln 0.808 = Ln (e^(-24k))

-0.213 = - 24k

K = 0.213/24 = 0.00886

After 48 hrs, the reading of free chlorine will be

N = 2.6 x e^(-0.00886 x 48)

N = 2.6 x e^(-0.425)

N = 2.6 x 0.654

N = 1.7 ppm

what is the volume in cubic centimeters of a tablet weighing 210 mg

Answers

Answer:

1mg=0.001

210

210×0.001÷1

=0.21

Which statement best describes the types and locations of particles that make up the atom? A. The neutral-charged neutrons and positive-charged protons are found within the nucleus, and the negative-charged electrons orbit outside the nucleus of the atom. B. The neutral-charged neutrons, positive-charged protons, and negative-charged electrons are all found within the nucleus of the atom. C. The negative-charged electrons and positive-charged protons are found within the nucleus, and the neutral-charged neutrons orbit outside the nucleus of the atom. D. The negative-charged neutrons and positive-charged protons are found within the nucleus, and the neutral-charged electrons orbit outside the nucleus of the atom.

Answers

Answer:

A. The neutral-charged neutrons and positive-charged protons are found within the nucleus, and the negative-charged electrons orbit outside the nucleus of the atom.

Explanation:

Before examining the options, it's important to know that the atom is made up of three sub atomic particles which are; Protons, Neutrons and Electrons.

The protons are positively charged and are found in the nucleus of an atom. The Neutron A=are neutral in terms of charge and are also found in the nucleus of an atom. The electrons on the other hand are negatively charged and are found outside the nucleus if an atom, more specifically on the orbitals.

The option that best describes this is; option A.

Would having different atmospheric pressures have an effect on the accuracy of gas laws? If so, which planets would be the most reliable and which would be the least?

Answers

Answer:

With the changes in atmospheric pressure, the gas laws also change accordingly, that is, the Charle's law, the Boyle's law, the Ideal Gas Law, and the Gay-Lussac's law changes with the change in atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the planets, which exhibits the constant value of atmospheric pressure will be more reliable, and those possessing different atmosphere or no atmosphere will be the least reliable.

Three 15.0-mL acid samples—0.10 M HA, 0.10 M HB, and 0.10 M H2C¬are all titrated with 0.100 M NaOH. If HA is a weak acid, HB is a strong acid, and H2C is a diprotic acid, which statement is true of all three titrations?

Answers

Answer:

All three titrations require the same volume of NaOH to reach the first equivalence point.

Explanation:

Statements are:

All three titrations have the same final pH.

All three titrations require the same volume of NaOH to reach the first equivalence point.

All three titrations have the same pH at the first equivalence point.

All three titrations have the same initial pH.

The pH of the titration depends of the nature of the acid: If the acid is a strong acid, pH at the equivalence of the titration is 7. For a weak acid equivalence point depends of the nature of the conjugate base and initial pH of the weak acid. For a diprotic acid also depends of the nature of the acid.

Thus:

All three titrations have the same initial pH, All three titrations have the same pH at the first equivalence point. and All three titrations have the same final pH.  are the three FALSE.

As the concentrations of the acids is 0.10M and are titrated with 0.100M NaOH, The volume to reach the first equivalence point is the same for all the three acids.

Thus:

All three titrations require the same volume of NaOH to reach the first equivalence point.

Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 9.25 mol H2SO4 in 2.75 L of solution.
A) 9.25
B) 6.50
C) 3.36
D) 25.4
E) 33.6

Answers

Answer:

THE MOLARITY OF THE SOLUTION IS 3.36 MOLE/L

Explanation:

First we must understand what molarity is.

Molarity is the number of mole per unit volume of solution. In this question, 9.25 mole of H2SO4 was given in 2.75 L of solution.

Molarity is written in mole per dm3 or L.

So we can calculate the molarity:

9.25  ole of H2SO4 = 2.75 L of solution

The number of mole in 1 L of solution will be:

= 9.25 mole / 2.75 L

= 3.3636 mole/ L

In conclusion, the molarity of the solution is approximately 3.36 mole/L

A sample of HI (9.30×10^−3mol) was placed in an empty 2.00 L container at 1000 K. After equilibrium was reached, the concentration of I2 was 6.29×10^−4M. Calculate the Kc at 1000K for:

H2(g)+I2(g)⇌2HI(g)

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "29.081"

Explanation:

when the empty 2.00 L container of 1000 kg, a sample of HI (9.30 x 10-3 mol) has also been placed.  

[tex]\text{calculating the initial HI}= \frac{mol}{V}[/tex]

                                       [tex]=\frac{9.3 \times 10 ^ -3}{2}[/tex]

                                      [tex]=0.00465 \ Mol[/tex]

[tex]\text{Similarly}\ \ I_2 \ \ \text{follows} \ \ H_2 = 0 }[/tex]

Its density of I 2 was 6.29x10-4 M if the balance had been obtained, then we have to get the intensity of equilibrium then:

[tex]HI = 0.00465 - 2x\\\\ I_{2} \ eq = H_2 \ eq = 0 + x \\\\[/tex]

It is defined that:

[tex]I_2 = 6.29 \times 10^{-4} \ M \\\\x = I_2 \\\\[/tex]

[tex]HI \ eq= 0.00465 - 2x \\[/tex]

          [tex]=0.00465 -2 \times 6.29 \times 10^{-4} \\\\ = 0.00465 -\frac{25.16 }{10^4} \\\\ = 0.003392\ M[/tex]

Now, we calculate the position:  

For the reaction [tex]H 2(g) + I 2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)[/tex], you can calculate the value of Kc at 1000 K.  

data expression for Kc

[tex]2HI \rightleftharpoons H_2 + I_2 \\\\\to Kc = \frac{H_2 \times I_2}{HI^2}[/tex]

         [tex]= \frac{6.29\times10^{-4} \times 6.29 \times 10^{-4}}{0.003392^2} \\\\= \frac{6.29\times 6.29 \times 10^{-8}}{0.003392^2} \\\\= \frac{39.564 \times 10^{-8}}{1.150 \times 10-5} \\\\= 0.034386[/tex]

calculating the reverse reaction

[tex]H_2(g) + I_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)[/tex]

[tex]Kc = \frac{1}{Kc} \\\\[/tex]

     [tex]= \frac{1}{0.034386}\\ \\= 29.081\\[/tex]

The Kc of the reaction is 40.

Molarity of the HI = 9.30×10^−3mol/ 2.00 L = 4.65 × 10^-3 M

Let the concentrations of I2 and H2 be x, but we are told in the question that 6.29×10^−4M was present at equilibrium.

The molarity of HI at equilibrium now becomes; 4.65 × 10^-3 M - 6.29×10^−4M

= 4 × 10^-3 M

But;

Kc = [HI]^2/[H2] [I2]

Kc = ( 4 × 10^-3)^2/(6.29×10^−4)^2

Kc = 40

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Calculate the solubility of Co(OH)2, in g/L, in solutions that have been buffered to the following pHs.

Ksp=1.6*10^-15.

a. 7.00
b. 10.00
c. 4.00

Answers

Answer:

a. 14.9g/L

b. 1.49x10⁻⁶

c. 1.49x10⁷

Explanation:

You can write the buffer Ksp of Co(OH)₂ as follows:

Co(OH)₂(s) ⇄ Co²⁺ + 2OH⁻

Ksp = 1.6x10⁻¹⁵ = [Co²⁺] [OH⁻]²

To have buffered the solutions means  [OH⁻] is fixed. From the equilibrium of water we can relate  [OH⁻] with pH as follows:

[OH⁻] = 10^[14-pH]

With [OH⁻] and Ksp we can solve for [Co²⁺]. Its concentration is equal to solubility (That is the amount of Co(OH)₂ that can be dissolved).

[Co²⁺] is in mol/L. With molar mass of Co(OH)₂ -92.948g/mol-, We can obtain, in the end, its solubility in g/L.

-Molar concentration of [Co²⁺] and solubility:

a. [OH⁻] = 10^[14-7.00] = 1x10⁻⁷

[Co²⁺] = 1.6x10⁻¹⁵ / [1x10⁻⁷]²

[Co²⁺] = 0.16mol / L = Solubility.

In g/L = 0.16mol / L ₓ(92.948g/mol) =

14.9g/L

b. [OH⁻] = 10^[14-10.00] = 1x10⁻⁴

[Co²⁺] = 1.6x10⁻¹⁵ / [1x10⁻⁴]²

[Co²⁺] = 1.6x10⁻⁸mol / L = Solubility.

In g/L = 1.6x10⁻⁸mol / L ₓ(92.948g/mol) =

1.49x10⁻⁶g/L

c.[OH⁻] = 10^[14-4.00] = 1x10⁻¹⁰

[Co²⁺] = 1.6x10⁻¹⁵ / [1x10⁻¹⁰]²

[Co²⁺] = 1.6x10⁵mol / L = Solubility.

In g/L = 1.6x10⁵mol / L ₓ(92.948g/mol) =

1.49x10⁷g/L

As you can see, and as general rule, all hydroxides are solubles in acids.

2. (01.03 MC)
What energy transfer is occurring when a battery-powered toy rolls across the floor? (3 points)
Stored mechanical energy is converted to thermal energy.
Stored mechanical energy is converted to mechanical energy.
Stored chemical energy is converted to thermal energy.
Stored chemical energy is converted to mechanical energy

Answers

Answer:

stored chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy.

Explanation:

the chemical reactions happens in the battery turn into electricity that makes the toy rolls across the floor.

Answer:

stored chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy.

Explanation:

The d orbital electron configuration of octahedral complexes can either be described as high- spin with the maximum possible number of unpaired d-electrons, or low-spin containing one or more paired d-electrons. [Fe(H20)s]2 is a high-spin octahedral complex. What is its spin- state (S-?)? Draw a d-orbital splitting diagram for this complex and fill it with the appropriate number of electrons. Where does the final electron go in this diagram? If you were to oxidize this molecule do you think this would affect the bond lengths? Explain

Answers

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Fe(H20)6]2+ is a high spin octahedral complex because water is weak field ligand. A high spin complex has a maximum number of unpaired d electrons.

The spin state of Fe(H20)6]2+ is S=2. The final electron goes into an eg orbital. If the metal is oxidized to Fe^3+, the bond lengths decreases. For an oxidation of M2+ complex to M3+, the M3+L bonds will be shorter due to the higher charge density on the metal. Since the occupation of the eg orbitals in both complexes is the same it then follows that that the difference in the bond lengths must be due to the charge alone.

Identify the Brønsted acid in the following equation:
H2SO4(aq) + 2NH3(aq)
(NH4)2SO4aq

Answers

Answer:

H₂SO₄  

Explanation:

A Brønsted acid is a proton donor.  It loses protons.

This equation may be easier to understand if we write it ionically.

[tex]\underbrace{\hbox{H$_{2}$SO$_{4}$}}_{\hbox{Br$\o{}$nsted acid}} + 2 \text{NH}_{3} \longrightarrow \, \underbrace{\hbox{SO$_{4}^{2-}$}}_{\hbox{Br$\o{}$nsted base}} + \text{2 NH}_{4}^{+}[/tex]

We see that the H₂SO₄ has lost two protons to become SO₄²⁻, so it is a Brønsted acid.

What is the molar mass of
CH4?
(C = 12.011 amu, H = 1.008 amu)

Answers

Answer:

16.0 g/mol (3 s.f.)

Explanation:

Molar mass is the mass of a mole of substance.

1 mole of CH₄ has 1 C atom and 4 H atoms.

Since the molar mass is numerically equal to the molecular mass of a compound, let's find the molecular mass of CH₄ first.

Molecular mass= sum of all the atomic mass in a molecule

Molecular mass of CH₄

= 12.011 amu +4(1.008 amu)

= 16.043 amu

Thus the molar mass of CH₄ is 16.043g/mol, or 16.0g/mol to 3 significant figures.


Study the flow diagram below carefully.
Process C
Ethanol
Process A
Heavy
olis
Substance
B
...[2]
(a) Name
(0) Process A.
(ii) Process C
(b) Name substance B
..[1]
[1]
.[1]
(c) Give one significantce of process A
[Total:4]
11 | Page

Answers

ProccessA

Explanation:

Ethanol Heavy Oils

Which is an application of the trimethylsilyl (TMS) group in organic synthesis?

Answers

Answer:

Protecting group

Explanation:

TMS groups can be used as protecting and leaving groups for the synthesis of siloxane-based molecules.   It is also used as protecting group for alcohols.

A protecting group is a temporary group added during organic synthesis to prevent a portion of molecule from reacting.

Under identical conditions, separate samples of O2 and an unknown gas were allowed to effuse through identical membranes simultaneously. After a certain amount of time, it was found that 6.23 mL of O2 had passed through the membrane, but only 3.85 mL of of the unknown gas had passed through. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas?

Answers

Answer:

identical conditions, separate samples of O2 and an unknown gas were allowed to effuse through identical membranes simultaneously. After a certain amount of time, it was found that 6.23 mL of O2 had passed through the membrane, but only 3.85 mL of of the unknown gas had passed through. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas

identical conditions, separate samples of O2 and an unknown gas were allowed to effuse through identical membranes simultaneously. After a certain amount of time, it was found that 6.23 mL of O2 had passed through the membrane, but only 3.85 mL of of the unknown gas had passed through. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas

Write the equilibrium constant expression for this reaction: 2H+(aq)+CO−23(aq) → H2CO3(aq)

Answers

Answer:

Equilibrium constant expression for [tex]\rm 2\; H^{+}\, (aq) + {CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq) \rightleftharpoons H_2CO_3\, (aq)[/tex]:

[tex]\displaystyle K = \frac{\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)}{\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}}\right)} \approx \frac{[\mathrm{H_2CO_3}]}{\left[\mathrm{H^{+}\, (aq)}\right]^{2} \, \left[\mathrm{CO_3}^{2-}\right]}[/tex].

Where

[tex]a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3}}[/tex], [tex]a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}[/tex], and [tex]a_{\mathrm{CO_3}^{2-}}[/tex] denote the activities of the three species, and [tex][\mathrm{H_2CO_3}][/tex], [tex]\left[\mathrm{H^{+}}\right][/tex], and [tex]\left[\mathrm{CO_3}^{2-}\right][/tex] denote the concentrations of the three species.

Explanation:

Equilibrium Constant Expression

The equilibrium constant expression of a (reversible) reaction takes the form a fraction.

Multiply the activity of each product of this reaction to get the numerator.[tex]\rm H_2CO_3\; (aq)[/tex] is the only product of this reaction. Besides, its coefficient in the balanced reaction is one. Therefore, the numerator would simply be [tex]\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)[/tex].

Similarly, multiply the activity of each reactant of this reaction to obtain the denominator. Note the coefficient "[tex]2[/tex]" on the product side of this reaction. [tex]\rm 2\; H^{+}\, (aq) + {CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)[/tex] is equivalent to [tex]\rm H^{+}\, (aq) + H^{+}\, (aq) + {CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)[/tex]. The species [tex]\rm H^{+}\, (aq)[/tex] appeared twice among the reactants. Therefore, its activity should also appear twice in the denominator:

[tex]\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)\cdot \left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)\cdot \, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}})\right = \left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}})\right[/tex].

That's where the exponent "[tex]2[/tex]" in this equilibrium constant expression came from.

Combine these two parts to obtain the equilibrium constant expression:

[tex]\displaystyle K = \frac{\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)}{\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}}\right)} \quad\begin{matrix}\leftarrow \text{from products} \\[0.5em] \leftarrow \text{from reactants}\end{matrix}[/tex].

Equilibrium Constant of Concentration

In dilute solutions, the equilibrium constant expression can be approximated with the concentrations of the aqueous "[tex](\rm aq)[/tex]" species. Note that all the three species here are indeed aqueous. Hence, this equilibrium constant expression can be approximated as:

[tex]\displaystyle K = \frac{\left(a_{\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}}\right)}{\left(a_{\mathrm{H^{+}}}\right)^2\, \left(a_{\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}}\right)} \approx \frac{\left[\mathrm{H_2CO_3\, (aq)}\right]}{\left[\mathrm{H^{+}\, (aq)}\right]^2\cdot \left[\mathrm{{CO_3}^{2-}\, (aq)}\right]}[/tex].

Which alkyl halide is least reactive with magnesium metal?
A. CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 Br
B. CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 F
C. CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 I
D. CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 CI

Answers

Answer:

B. CH_3 CH_2 CH_2 F

Explanation:

The alkyl group contains all univalent group derived from alkanes by the loss of a hydrogen atom. When an alkyl group combines or is bonded with an halogen  family (such as Flourine, Chlorine , Bromine , Iodine) , we have an alkyl halide such as the options given in the question.

Alkyl  halide bond with an sp³ Carbon. Depending on where the halide is bonded to , we can have the primary halide, secondary halide and the tertiary halide.

When alkyl halide react with magnesium metal, we have a reaction that is known as Grignard Reaction. The order of reactivity of alkyl halide with grignard reagents is :

F < Cl < Br < I .

This is because of the nature of the electronegativity and the bond strength.

As we move than the group from the top to the bottom, the electronegativity decreases and the bond strength increase, so as the size. Thus, this is exactly what the reactivity of alkyl halide with Grignard reaction is established for.

Thus since the fluorine have the highest electronegativity and the smallest bond size in the halogen family , then it will be the least reactive alkyl halide in reacting with magnesium metal.

f 24.7 g of NO and 13.8 g of O₂ are used to form NO₂, how many moles of excess reactant will be left over? 2 NO (g) + O₂ (g) → 2 NO₂ (g)

Answers

Answer:

0.02 moles of O₂ will be leftover.

Explanation:

The reaction is:

2NO(g) + O₂(g) → 2NO₂(g)    (1)

We have the mass of NO and O₂, so we need to find the number of moles:

[tex] n_{NO} = \frac{m}{M} = \frac{24.7 g}{30.01 g/mol} = 0.82 moles [/tex]

[tex] n_{O_{2}} = \frac{m}{M} = \frac{13.8 g}{31.99 g/mol} = 0.43 moles [/tex]

From equation (1) we have that 2 moles of NO reacts with 1 mol of O₂ to produce 2 moles of NO₂, so the excess reactant is:

[tex] n_{NO} = \frac{2}{1}*0.43 moles = 0.86 moles [/tex]          

[tex]n_{O_{2}} = \frac{1}{2}*0.82 moles = 0.41 moles[/tex]                                                                                

Hence, from above we can see that the excess reactant is O₂ since 0.41 moles react with 0.86 moles of NO and we have 0.43 moles in total for O₂.

The number of moles of excess reactant is:

[tex]n_{T} = 0.43 moles - 0.41 moles = 0.02 moles[/tex]  

Therefore, 0.02 moles of O₂ will be leftover.

I hope it helps you!                    

The number of moles of excess reactant that would be left over is 0.0197 mole

From the question,

We are to determine the number of moles of excess reactant that would be left over.

The given balanced chemical equation for the reaction is

2NO(g) + O₂(g) → 2NO₂ (g)

This means,

2 moles of NO is needed to completely react with 1 mole of O₂

Now, we will determine the number of moles of each reactant present

For NO

Mass = 24.7 g

Molar mass = 30.01 g/mol

From the formula

[tex]Number\ of\ moles = \frac{Mass}{Molar\ mass}[/tex]

∴ Number of moles of NO present = [tex]\frac{24.7}{30.01}[/tex]

Number of moles of NO present = 0.823059 mole

For O₂

Mass = 13.8 g

Molar mass = 32.0 g/mol

∴ Number of moles of O₂ present = [tex]\frac{13.8}{32.0}[/tex]

Number of moles of O₂ present = 0.43125 mole

Since,

2 moles of NO is needed to completely react with 1 mole of O₂

Then,

0.823059 mole of NO is will react with completely react with [tex]\frac{0.823059 }{2}[/tex] mole of O₂

[tex]\frac{0.823059 }{2} = 0.4115295[/tex]

∴ Number of moles of O₂ that reacted is 0.4115295 mole

This means O₂ is the excess reactant and NO is the limiting reactant

Now, for the number of moles of excess reactant left over

Number of moles of excess reactant left over = Number of moles of O₂ present - Number of moles of O₂ that reacted

∴ Number of moles of excess reactant left over = 0.43125 mole - 0.4115295 mole

Number of moles of excess reactant left over = 0.0197205 mole

Number of moles of excess reactant left over ≅ 0.0197 mole

Hence, the number of moles of excess reactant that would be left over is 0.0197 mole

Learn more here: https://brainly.com/question/18757768

A 50.0 mL sample containing Ni+2 was treated with 25.0 mL of .050 M EDTA to complex all of the Ni+2 and leave some excess EDTA in solution. the excess EDTA was then titrated with .050 M Zn+2, requiring 5.00 mL to reach equivalence point. What was the concentration of Ni+2 in the original solution? (EDTA forms complexes with metals in a 1:1 stoichiometry)

Answers

A 50.0 mL sample containing Ni+2 was treated with 25.0 mL of .050 M EDTA to complex all of the Ni+2 and leave some excess EDTA in solution. the excess EDTA was then titrated with .050 M Zn+2, requiring 5.00 mL to reach equivalence point. What was the concentration of Ni+2 in the original solution? (EDTA forms complexes with metals in a 1:1 stoichiometry

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